新视野商务英语综合教程unit3

UNIT 1VocabularyI.1.1) on balance 5) illustrated 9) involved2) resist 6) budget 10) economic3) haul 7) lowering 11) blasting4) wicked 8) boundary 12) just about2.1)cut back/ down 2) pick up 3) get by 4) get through5)face up to 6) turn in 7) making up for 8) think up3.1) pursued his mathematical studies and taught himself astronomy2) often generate misleading thoughts3) attach great importance to combining theory with practice in our work4) be suspected of doing everything for money5) before he gets through life4.1) their indoor, a profit, to invest in2) device, the improvement, on a global scale3) stacked, temptation, never dined outII Confusable Words1. 1) house 2) Home 3) home, family 4) household2. 1) doubt 2) suspect 3) doubted 4) suspected 5) suspectIII. Word Formation1) rise 2) final 3) regular 4) cash 5) hows, whys6) upped 7) yellowed 8) bottled 9) lower 10) searchComprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze1. Text-related1) get by 2) temptation 3) get through 4) improvements5) aside from 6) suspect 7) supplement 8) profit9) stacking2. (Theme-related)1) replaced 2) consider 3) quit 4) world 5) tough6) fuels 7) provide 8) luxuries 9) balance 10) idealII. Translation1. We have a problem with the computer system, but I think it’s fairly minor.2. My father died when I was too young to live on my own. The people of my hometown took over (responsibility for) my upbringing at that point.3. The toys have to meet strict/ tough safety requirements before they can be sold to children.4. Radio and television have supplemented rather than replaced the newspaper as carriers of news and opinion.5. When it comes to this magazine, it is/ carries a digest of articles from many newspapers and magazines around the world.A decade ago, Nancy did what so many Americans dream about. She quit an executive position and opened/ set up a household device store in herneighborhood. People like Nancy made the decision primarily for the improvement in the quality of their lives.But, to run a small business on a small scale is by no means an easy job. Without her steady income, Nancy had to cut back on her daily expense. Sometimes she did not even have the money to pay the premium for the various kinds of insurance she needed.Fortunately, through her own hard work, she has now got through the most difficult time. She is determined to continue pursuing her vision of a better life.UNIT 2VocabularyI.1.1) decades 5) slender 9) on the side2) historic 6) web 10) authorized3) imposed 7) bade 11) terminal4) religious 8) site 12) make the best of2.1) went through 2) stood up for 3) laid down 4) take on5) let (us) down 6) draw on 7) fall into 8) pass for3.1) The Europeans are fully confident that the Americans will not be able to justify their measures to protect the struggling American steel industry.2) Clinton is, in the eyes of Joe Klein, staff writer of the New Yorker and author of The Natural, the most talented politician of his generation and the most compelling.3) There's not much you can do if people are really intent on destroying themselves with drugs.4) A different experience of the world could forge a completely different approach to life.5) It is our conviction that cloning of human beings is bound to cause many ethical and social problems in the long run.4.1) As for, do not compel, capture of, have forged2) At huge risk, the mission, shelter3) who abolished, In the eyes of, racialII. Words with Multiple Meanings1. I'll tell you in a minute how I have attained the genuine sense of belonging in America, but first let me hear about your French trip.2. Most McDonald's look almost the same on the outside, but actually there are about 16 different basic designs.3. Loaning money from the banks is but one of the methods we can use to get through a financial crisis.4. This second-hand car has been nothing but trouble; it's always breaking down.5. In your resume you've mentioned everything but one vital point.6. Our technicians have discovered a simple but effective solution to the problem.7. I am sorry, but I think you shouldn't have lingered on over coffee and missed the last bus..8. The bankruptcy of the company was not caused by evil, but by simple ignoranceIII. Usage1) lonely 2)friendly 3) weekly, monthly 4)lovely5) cowardly 6)kindly/ saintly 7) lively 8)motherlyComprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze1. Text-related1)forged 2) stand up 3) compelled 4)convictions 5)mission6)abolish 7) intent on 8) risk 9)in the eyes of 10)threats2. (Theme-related)1) assistance 2) involved 3) estimated 4)coincidence 5)emerged6) referred 7) numerous 8) stationed 9)concern 10)captureII. Translation1. Though greatly affected by the consequences of the global financial crisis, we are still confident that we can face up to the challenge and overcome the crisis.2. Under threat of constant sand storms, we were compelled to leave our cherished village and move to the new settlement.3. According to a recent online survey, a lot of consumers say they may be motivated to consider buying products shown in TV commercials.4. Having spotted a truck driver dumping contaminated waste alongside the river, the old man reported to the police at once.5. Some scientists hold to the firm conviction that people will come to like genetically modified crops someday since they can increase yields and help combat hunger and disease in the developing world.Shortly after he achieved freedom Henson became intent on assisting fugitive slaves. He secretly returned to the United States from Canada several times to help others to travel the Underground Railroad to freedom. Once some slave catchers closed in on the escaping slaves and Henson when they were on the run. He disguised them and successfully avoided capture. Later he built a small settlement in Dresden in Canada for escaped slaves, setting up a chapel and a school. He held to the conviction that slavery would be abolished, and the day was bound to come when racial discrimination no longer existed.UNIT 3VocabularyI.1.1) threatens 2) by a small margin 3)civilize 4)closed up 5)wandered 6)paste 7) without so much as 8) sideways9) hook up to 10) universal 11) chart 12) Bathed in2. 1)narrowed down 2)looked back on 3)cut off 4)fit into5)wear(the other) down 6)lies in 7)put up 8)stand for3. 1)...which is likely to make people vulnerable to asthma has been found by researchers at the Department of Clinical Medicine in Oxford.2)...with mirrored doors had to be built in so as to make their small bedroom look larger.3)...feature the space shuttle Challenger blowing up in January1986---killing all seven crew.4)...threatened to keep the pupils in after school, they were quieted at once.5)... are a major barrier to the country's economic growth due to the fact that/because imported oil has absorbed 40% of its foreign exchange. 4. 1) looked back on/ atmosphere/urban life2)era/ hooked up to the / the electronic3) the suburb / a sophisticated / system / analyze / make errorsII. 1) away 2)inside/in 3)forward/through 4)back5)off 6)home 7) back down 8)in...outIII. 1) Internet is not such an unusual word as it used to be2) Most men do not look unattractive in them3) Wealthy as she is, she is not unconcerned by her sudden unemployment4) The claim is not unrealistic in view of a sharp decrease in the city'sviolent crimes.5)His poor health is not unrelated to his unhealthy way of life. Comprehensive Exercises1. Cloze1. 1) Statistics 2)rural 3)era 4)stood for 5)on the latch6)vulnerable 7)barrier 8)electronic 9)reflection 10)civilized2. 1) together 2)liable 3)shift 4)electric 5)cautious6)sophisticated 7)thieves 8)break 9)chances 10)signsII. Translation1.1) The Internet is changing the way people live, (no matter) whether they are in urban or rural areas.2)Medium-sized and small companies are more vulnerable to the threat of the global economic crisis than large ones.3) With regard to our term paper, the professor asked us to analyze the unemployment chart first, and then provide critical reflections on the nations economic development.4)It never occurred to him that their team would win the basketball match by a large margin.5) Looking back on my twenty years' teaching in high school, I attribute my success to patience, talent, and the constant pursuit of knowledge.2. It is almost impossible to keep a determined burglar out. All you can do is discourage him for a few minutes. Thus exposing him to police patrols. Common sense tells us that lighting is a barrier to criminal activity. A light should be fixed in the doorway and switched on at night. Make sure/Assure yourself that you don't leave the door on the latch ifyou happen to be the last to come in. If you decide to buy a sophisticated electronic alarm system, be sure to ask for its signs and put them up on both windows and doors. In addition you may have it hooked up to a police station.UNIT 4VocabularyI.1.1) accordingly 2) loose 3) concentration 4)stimulating 5) fabric 6)if anything 7) reality 8) intuition9) trifle 10) at the turn of the century 11) mess12) undermine2. 1) approve of 2) slow down 3) taken in 4) sucked into5) set apart 6) dozed off 7)call forth 8)stretch into9) keep up with 10)believe in3. 1)...provided inspiration for many artists and musicians over the decades.2)...is credited to his powers of imagination3)...on the foundations of an agricultural revolution4)...not to make any complaints in the presence of the nurse.5)...the outbreak of the Second World War.4. 1) flaw/came to the conclusion/would get nowhere2) in a row/dozed off/a mess of3) outbreak of/ has undermined / has strainedII. 1)With Christmas only a week away2) With his physical condition improving day by day3) With our GDP growing steadily4) With all the shops closed5) with her eyes closed6) With the fog lifting during the nightIII. 1) like/as 2) as 3) like 4) like/as5) as/like 6) as 7)like 8) asComprehensive Exercises1. Cloze1. 1) caution 2) came to the conclusion that 3)never get anywhere4)undermining 5) not give/care a fig 6) flaw7) beyond any doubt 8)foundation 9)remarkable/impressive10) imagination2. 1) extent 2)inventions 3)bet 4)manages 5)vision6)eventually 7)achievement 8)poverty 9) utilized 10)breakthroughII. Translation1.1) The volunteers sent/assigned by the Red Cross disinfected, with great caution, the drinking water in the village so as to avoid an outbreak of plague.2)Einstein spent many years trying to unify the theories of electromagnetism and gravity but failed.3)Professor Wang received/won the Presidential Award for his excellence in stimulating students' creative imagination.4) As there were some major design flaws, the board of directors didn'tapprove of the economic stimulus package.5) Having realized that nobody could help him, Jordan finally came to the conclusion that he had to face reality and take up/meet the challenge by himself.2. What was remarkable about 2005 was perhaps that the UN declared it "The World Year of Physics". It was the 100th anniversary of Einstein's theory of relativity and the 50th anniversary of his death. In 1905 Einstein published five highly important essays in the history of science, thus revolutionizing physics. His great achievements can be credited to his impressive powers of imagination, constant questioning, and not giving a fig for authority. It is beyond doubt that Einstein was the greatest scientist in the 20th century.。

商务英语综合教程3答案【篇一：商务英语综合教程3】ss=txt>一、基本信息课程编号: 024222007课程名称：体验商务英语综合教程3英文名称:intermediate business english course book课程性质: 专业基础课总学时：72学时学分：4学分适用对象：商务英语专业本科3年级学生先修课程：综合英语二、编写说明（一）课程的性质《体验商务英语综合教程》是为商务英语专业学生开设的一门专业基础课。

这门课程始于二年级下学期，与之前的综合英语课程衔接，使学生在掌握英语语言技能的同时，了解现代国际商务的现状，以达到在体验商务中学习语言、提高商务交际能力的目的。

本课程横跨三个学期，分别使用《体验商务英语综合教程》的第三册、第四册和第五册。

（二）课程教学目标和基本要求本课程作为商务英语专业的基础必修课之一，从培养高级应用型商务英语人才的目标出发，理论联系实际，旨在帮助学生在掌握英语语言技能的同时，了解现代国际商务的现状，以达到在体验商务中学习语言、提高商务交际能力的目标。

本课程要求学生能够掌握重点词汇的英文表达，熟悉现代市场经济条件下商务活动的各个方面和时代课题，如全球化、国际营销、技术创新、营销策略、企业文化、市场竞争、经营风险、危机管理、电子商务等等。

为了达到这些目标，本课程要求学生积极参与课堂讨论，在阅读的基础上，通过角色扮演和案例学习等方式，在完成交际任务中复用所学语言知识，提高交际能力，将自己的经历和观点融入交际活动之中。

（三）课程的重点和难点本课程的讲授时间为三个学期，分别使用《体验商务英语综合教程》的第三册、第四册和第五册。

每册的学习量均为12个单元，单元设计以语言和商务技能为主线，商务词汇、语法的学习与讨论相结合，听力和阅读部分配有角色扮演等交际活动，最后是案例分析或技能运用。

本课程重点涉及体验式的教学和学习方式，学生在形式多样的任务活动中，掌握相关的商务词汇、提高商务英语的听力、阅读和写作能力，达到语言水平和商务技能的同时提高。

教案课程名称课时班级专业教师系部教研室教材《新视野商务英语视听说(第四版)(上)》1Unit 3 On the PhoneLearning Objectives（教学目标）2Business Profile（内容概览）Tips and Techniques of TelephoningToday the Internet is the medium of choice when researching information or trying to track down products and services, but no matter how much information people can find on the Internet, sooner or later they will have to pick up a telephone to find answers to their very specific questions or arrange for the services they need.Whether calling government agencies, doctors’offices, specific service organisations, or insurance companies, more likely than not somewhere along the way people are going to have a frustrating experience. There are always stories about people who have been rude, people who don’t seem to care, people who don’t return phone calls, people who sound as if they come from Mars, people who sound like they want to help but just don’t have the answers we are looking for.No magic solutions exist that will eliminate all the difficulties in finding information, making appointments, or getting past the menu of options that so often greet us on the telephone these days, but there are “tricks of the trade” that people who do telephone research on a regular basis and those that provide telephone support can teach us.The following list of tips and techniques will help us find the information and resources needed in less time and with less frustration than we usually encounter. The Big Three1) Be prepared. Avoid starting the process when you’re rushed. Relax! Make sure you have a big pad of paper, a pen, a glass of water, and a reasonable amount of time.2) Don’t give up. You have the right to get information and respectful service. Be persistent and patient. Realise that sometimes it will take ten calls to find out what you want. No one person or organisation has all the answers.3) Try not to put people on the spot. It makes them defensive. Rather try to enlist their support. Remember, you usually catch more flies with honey than with vinegar. Before You Pick Up the Phone1) Review written material first, if at all possible. Underline key points, or names and phone numbers of people and organisations you think you’ll want to call.2) Make a list of questions for each encounter. Write them down.3) Be clear about what information you need. If you can’t explain what you want, how can someone else tell you where to find it?4) Establish a system for yourself: a check can mean you got through to the person,a minus can mean you are waiting for a call back and a star can mean you actually3resolved your problem.5) Create a notebook or other organiser in which to record your information. Don’t put it on little scraps of paper that can easily get lost. Try creating columns or headings at the top of the page: one for the name of the person, another for the name of the agency or company, another for the phone number, etc.6) “Psych” yourself to make the calls. Do a little role-playing first if it will help calm your jitters and put you in the right mood.7) Make calls when you’re at your best. Are you a morning person? If so, make your calls then. Know when you’re at your best and most alert. There’s no point in just getting started when you are already tired.Making Your CallsMany ways exist to coax the person on the other end of the telephone line into helping you. Here are a few of them:1) Be aware of the pitch of your voice. Try to make it lower. A voice in a high register apparently can be disturbing to many people.2) Be modest. Tell the person on the other end of the line that you’re an amateur, and that you hope they can give you some guidance. Enlist sympathy and thereby, help.3) Establish a relationship. If you’re calling someone you think you’ll need to call again, try to establish a relationship. Find out the person’s name and some personal things if at all possible. Next time you call you can reference them and you’ll truly have an ally.4) Avoid yes or no questions. They don’t open people up. Read the next two ques tions: “Do you know where I can find an accessible bus service?” With this wording, yes or no is the only answer. This following phrasing creates the possibility of dialogue “Where can I find information on an accessible bus service in our town?” The point is to always leave people room for suggesting possibilities.5) Be empathetic. “I realise it is late in the day and you must be tired, but I really need your help.”6) Make the person feel like your mentor. Complement helpfulness, even if you didn’t quite get what you needed. The next time you call people will be more likely to go out of their way to help you.7) Find out his/her schedule. If the person you want isn’t in, rather than just leaving a call back number, find out when he/she is expected. This shows you want to make things easier—and you might be surprised to learn the person just left for a two-week vacation. If you hadn’t asked, the information might not have been offered. If you are transferred to voice mail, leave a short but specific message. It can eliminate the game of “telephone tag”.8) Be polite, but don’t allow yourself to be brushed off. You have a right to information, especially from public agencies. If you’ve really tried to get help but are constantly meeting roadblocks, ask to speak to a supervisor.9) Always get the name of the person you are speaking to. It’s helpful when you4get conflicting information and you can say, “But so-and-so in the department of such-and such said.” Also knowing the person’s name shows you really listened and puts you in control.10) Remember we still don’t have videophones. You can cultivate any persona you wish. One day try making calls while wearing business clothes. Does it make you feel more in control, more authoritative? Another day wear comfortable jeans and a T-shirt— any difference? Whatever works for you, whatever makes you comfortable and gets results, is the right approach.5Language Expansion（语言扩充）How to answer and speak on the phoneTypes of callA local callA long distance callAn international callCellphone/mobile phone/screen phoneAnswering the phoneGood morning. This is Lenova. How may I help you?Who’s calling/speaking, please?Excuse me, who is that?Can you spell your name, please?Where are you calling from?Introducing yourselfGood morning. This is Ken Palmer from General Motors.This is Ken.Ken speaking.This is Paul Smith speaking.Hello, this is Paul Smith from Sparkle International.Geoffrey Sellers here.Asking for someonePlease, could you connect me with the Export Department?Hello, is Jack in the office?Hello, is that 564 446?Hello, is that you, Mr. Mutter?Putting someone on holdJust a moment, please.Could you hold the line, please?Hold on, please. I’ll connect you.Hang on for a minute, I’ll put you through.The person wanted is not available.I’m afraid Mr. Mandel is not available at the moment.I’m afraid Mr. Andrew is out at the moment.I’m afraid Miss Liu isn’t in today.Mr. Wang is away in Hawaii for an international exhibition.I’m sorry. He’s in a meeting at the moment.6Taking a messageCan I take a message?Would you like to leave a message?Can I give him/her a message?I’ll tell Mr. Jones that you called.I’ll ask him/her to call you as soon as possible.Ringing offThank you for ringing.I look forward to meeting you/hearing from you soon.I think that’s all, bye then.ProblemsI’ve tried to get through several times but it’s always engaged.Could you spell that, please?Sorry, we were cut off.7Teaching Tips（教学步骤）Pre-viewingTeaching tips:●Divide the class into pairs and instruct the Ss to list the key information that needs to be covered in a message.●Invite a few Ss to report the information they have figured out.●Make comments and corrections if necessary.Post-viewing●Divide the class into pairs and allocate roles.●Have the Ss role-play the telephone dialogue, referring to the outline.●Invite a few Ss to present their dialogues in class.●Invite other Ss to comment on their performance.Pre-viewing●Ask Ss to brainstorm the difficulties in making phone calls from their past experiences.●Get Ss share their experiences in pairs and note down the difficulties.●Ask a few Ss to report the difficulties they’ve met.●Compare Ss’ answers and fi nd out some common diffi culties. List them on the board.Post-viewing●Divide the Ss into pairs and ask Ss to get the roles.●Get the Ss to develop the dialogue according to the situation.●Have two or three pairs act out their dialogue in class.●Ask other Ss to make comments on their performance from the perspective of content, language, coherence, etc.8Text Bank（扩展阅读）How to Make an International Phone Call When you want to make a phone call to another country, you first need to dial the international call prefix, also known as the international direct dialing (IDD) code or the exit code, of the country you are calling from (e.g. if you are calling from China, the prefix is 00). Next, enter the code of the country you are calling (e.g. the country code of the U.S.A. is 1, while that of China is 86). After that, dial the area code (or city code) of where the person lives. Lastly, enter the person’s or business’s local phone number.Discussion:1. Do you have any friends or relatives abroad? Do you often call them?2. If you have a friend who lives in London and his home phone number is 0207 466 6889, how would you make a phone call to him? Follow the instructions given in the above article and write down all the numbers you need to dial.9补充教学资源Video 1Leaving a messageReceptionist: Hello, International Sales.Mr. Schulz: Hello, this is Mr. Schulz here, calling from England.Receptionist: Yes, Mr. Schulz. Who do you want to speak to?Mr. Schulz: I’d like to speak to Mr. Matthews.Receptionist: Fine. Hold the line, please. I’m connecting you now. (Connected)Miss Perez: Hello. Mr. Matthews’ office. W ho’s calling please?Mr. Schulz: This is Mr. Schulz calling from England. Can I have a word with Mr. Matthews?Miss Perez: I’m afraid Mr. Matthews isn’t available. He’s gone to Hong Kong on business for a few days.Mr. Schulz: When do you expect him back?Miss Perez: He’ll be back on Friday afternoon. Is it urgent?Mr. Schulz: Yes.Miss Perez: Can I take a message for him?Mr. Schulz: Yes, please. Will you tell him that we’ve just received your sample of the new assembly coffee table and are quite happy with it?Miss Perez: Sure. It’s very kind of you to say so. Can we expect an order from you?Mr. Schulz: That’s why I’m making the call. Please tell Mr. Matthews we’re quite happy with the quality and design of the table, but the price is too high. We need some negotiation on it.Miss Perez: OK, Mr. Schulz. Anything else?10Mr. Schulz: One more thing. Please inform Mr. Matthews that I won’t be able to get to your company that early this Saturday because of the rail strike. It’ll probably be afternoon before I arrive.Miss Perez: No problem. I’ll give him the message.Mr. Schulz: Thanks.Miss Perez: You’re welcome. Goodbye.Video 2It’s so hard to connect youFirst attemptReceptionist: Good afternoon, this is DNM. How can I help you?Ms. Mandel: Good afternoon. I’d like to speak to Mr. Miller, please.Receptionist: Mr. Miller? Hold on, please. I’ll connect you.(Connected)Leo Miller: Mr. Miller speaking. Who’s calling please?Ms. Mandel: This is Ms. Mandel from BCM. Is this Henry Miller?Leo Miller: What? Henry Miller? No, this is Leo Miller, in the Sales Department. Henry Miller is in the Customer Relations Office. I’m afraid you’ve dialed the wrong extension.Ms. Mandel: Oh, sorry to have interrupted you. Can you give me Henry Miller’s extension, please?Leo Miller: Sorry, I haven’t got a directory on hand now. Would you mind calling the switchboard again? I’m sorry not to be of more help.Ms. Mandel: Oh, OK. It doesn’t matter. I’ll call back to the receptionist. Thank you, anyway.Second attemptReceptionist: Good afternoon. How can I help you?11Ms. Mandel: Good afternoon. This is Ms. Mandel again. I’m afraid you gave me the wrong extension just now. I want to speak to Henry Miller, not Leo Miller.Receptionist: Oh, there are two Mr. Millers in our company. I’m very sorry I didn’t notice that. I’ll put you through right now. Please wait a minute.Ms. Mandel: OK. I’m holding.(Phone rings. Nobody answers the phone. Ms. Mandel hangs up the phone.)Third attemptReceptionist: Good afternoon. How can I help you?Ms. Mandel: It’s me again—Ms. Mandel. I’m still having trouble getting through to Henry Miller. No one is answering his line. I really need to talk to Mr. Miller as soon as possible. We placed an order with you last week, but we have so far heard nothing about it. It’s a rush order, and we need it urgently.Can you help?Receptionist: Of course. I’ll go and find him and ask him to ring you immediately. There may be a problem with his line.Ms. Mandel: OK, thank you so much.Fourth attempt(Mr. Miller is in his office. The phone line is connected.)Ms. Mandel: Hello, Mr. Miller, this is Ms. Mandel. Thank you for ringing back. You are hard to get hold of!Henry Miller: Oh, I’m terribly sorry for the trouble. I was in a meeting and I left my cellphone in my office.Ms. Mandel: Oh, OK. Mr. Miller, I’m calling you about...12。

奥黛丽赫本——人间天使1 Audrey Hepburn thrilled audiences with starring roles in noteworthy films like Breakfast at Tiffany's, Sabrina, Roman Holiday, My Fair Lady, War and Peace, and Always.奥黛丽赫本在《蒂凡尼的早餐》、《龙凤配》、《罗马假日》、《窈窕淑女》、《战争与和平》和《直到永远》等出色电影中主演的许多角色让观众为之陶醉。

2 Despite her success in the film domain, the roles she most preferred portraying were not in movies. She was an exemplary mother to her two sons and a UNICEF (the United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund) Ambassador of Goodwill serving victims in war-torn countries.尽管在电影界获得成功,但她最愿意塑造的角色却并不在影片中,而是做两个儿子的模范母亲和联合国儿童基金会亲善大使,为饱受战争蹂躏的人们服务。

3 As a young girl during the Nazi occupation of her native Holland, Audrey Hepburn was aware of the brutality, death, and destruction of war. She was hungry and malnourished, as her family was bankrupted as a result of the invasion. Audrey's father abandoned the family, and two of her uncles were taken captive and killed. Audrey was grabbed off the street by Nazis and placed in line to be sent to a work camp. When the guards glanced away she darted off, barely escaping, and huddled in a cold, foul basement full of rats.作为一名在纳粹占领下的祖国荷兰生活的小女孩,奥黛丽?赫本清楚战争所带来的野蛮、死亡和破坏。

Work in corporate America1 It is not surprising that modern children tend to look blank and dispirited when informed that they will someday have to "go to work and make a living". The problem is that they cannot visualize what work is in corporate America.2 Not so long ago, when a parent said he was off to work, the child knew very well what was about to happen. His parent was going to make something or fix something. The parent could take his offspring to his place of business and let him watch while he repaired a buggy or built a table.3 When a child asked, "What kind of work do you do, Daddy?" his father could answer in terms that a child could come to grips with, such as "I fix steam engines" or "I make horse collars".4 Well, a few fathers still fix steam engines and build tables, but most do not. Nowadays, most fathers sit in glass buildings doing things that are absolutely incomprehensible to children. The answers they give when asked, "What kind of work do you do, Daddy?" are likely to be utterly mystifying to a child.5 "I sell space." "I do market research." "I am a data processor." "I am in public relations." "I am a systems analyst." Such explanations must seem nonsense to a child. How can he possibly envision anyone analyzing a system or researching a market?6 Even grown men who do market research have trouble visualizing what a public relations man does with his day, and it is a safe bet that the average systems analyst is as baffled about what a space salesman does at the shop as the average space salesman is about the tools needed to analyze a system.7 In the common everyday job, nothing is made any more. Things are now made by machines. Very little is repaired. The machines that make things make them in such a fashion that they will quickly fall apart in such a way that repairs will be prohibitively expensive. Thus the buyer is encouraged to throw the thing away and buy a new one. In effect, the machines are making junk.8 The handful of people remotely associated with these machines can, of course, tell their inquisitive children "Daddy makes junk". Most of the workforce, however, is too remote from junk production to sense any contribution to the industry. What do these people do?9 Consider the typical 12-story glass building in the typical American city. Nothing is being made in this building and nothing is being repaired, includingthe building itself. Constructed as a piece of junk, the building will be discarded when it wears out, and another piece of junk will be set in its place.10 Still, the building is filled with people who think of themselves as working. At any given moment during the day perhaps one-third of them will be talking into telephones. Most of these conversations will be about paper, for paper is what occupies nearly everyone in this building.11 Some jobs in the building require men to fill paper with words. There are persons who type neatly on paper and persons who read paper and jot notes in the margins. Some persons make copies of paper and other persons deliver paper. There are persons who file paper and persons who unfile paper.12 Some persons mail paper. Some persons telephone other persons and ask that paper be sent to them. Others telephone to ascertain the whereabouts of paper. Some persons confer about paper. In the grandest offices, men approve of some paper and disapprove of other paper.13 The elevators are filled throughout the day with young men carrying paper from floor to floor and with vital men carrying paper to be discussed with other vital men.14 What is a child to make of all this? His father may be so eminent that he lunches with other men about paper. Suppose he brings his son to work to give the boy some idea of what work is all about. What does the boy see happening?15 His father calls for paper. He reads paper. Perhaps he scowls at paper. Perhaps he makes an angry red mark on paper. He telephones another man and says they had better lunch over paper.16 At lunch they talk about paper. Back at the office, the father orders the paper retyped and reproduced in quintuplicate, and then sent to another man for comparison with paper that was reproduced in triplicate last year.17 Imagine his poor son afterwards mulling over the mysteries of work witha friend, who asks him, "What's your father do?" What can the boy reply? "It beats me," perhaps, if he is not very observant. Or if he is, "Something that has to do with making junk, I think. Same as everybody else."在美国大公司工作要是有人跟现在的孩子说他们长大后要“去工作以谋生”，他们往往会表现出一脸的茫然和沮丧，这并不奇怪。

The glass castle1 I never believed in Santa Claus.2 None of us kids did. Mom and Dad refused to let us. They couldn't afford expensive presents, and they didn't want us to think we weren't as good as other kids who, on Christmas morning, found all sorts of fancy toys under the tree that were supposedly left by Santa Claus. So they told us all about how other kids were deceived by their parents, how the toys the grown-ups claimed were made by little elves wearing bell caps in their workshop at the North Pole actually had labels on them saying MADE IN JAPAN.3 "Try not to look down on those other children," Mom said. "It's not their fault that they've been brainwashed into believing silly myths."4 We celebrated Christmas, but usually about a week after December 25, when you could find perfectly good bows and wrapping paper that people had thrown away and Christmas trees discarded on the roadside that still had most of their needles and even some silver tinsel hanging on them. Mom and Dad would give us a bag of marbles or a doll or a slingshot that had been marked way down in an after-Christmas sale.5 Dad lost his job at the gypsum mine after getting in an argument with the foreman, and when Christmas came that year, we had no money at all. On Christmas Eve, Dad took each of us kids out into the desert night one by one. I had a blanket wrapped around me, and when it was my turn, I offered to share it with Dad, but he said no thanks. The cold never bothered him. I was five that year and I sat next to Dad and we looked up at the sky. Dad loved to talk about the stars. He explained to us how they rotated through the night sky as the earth turned. He taught us to identify the constellations and how to navigate by the North Star. Those shining stars, he liked to point out, were one of the special treats forpeople like us who lived out in the wilderness. Rich city folks, he'd say, lived in fancy apartments, but their air was so polluted they couldn't even see the stars. We'd have to be out of our minds to want to trade places with any of them.6 "Pick out your favorite star," Dad said that night. He told me I could have it for keeps. He said it was my Christmas present. "You can't give me a star!"I said. "No one owns the stars." "That's right," Dad said. "No one else owns them. You just have to claim it before anyone else does, like that dago fellow Columbus claimed America for Queen Isabella. Claiming a star as your own has every bit as much logic to it."7 I thought about it and realized Dad was right. He was always figuring out things like that.8 I could have any star I wanted, Dad said, except Betelgeuse and Rigel, because Lori and Brian had already laid claim to them.9 I looked up to the stars and tried to figure out which was the best one. You could see hundreds, maybe thousands or even millions, twinkling in the clear desert sky. The longer you looked and the more your eyes adjusted to the dark, the more stars you'd see, layer after layer of them gradually becoming visible. There was one in particular, in the west above the mountains but low in the sky, that shone more brightly than all the rest.10 "I want that one," I said.11 Dad grinned. "That's Venus," he said. Venus was only a planet, he went on, and pretty dinky compared to real stars. She looked bigger and brighter because she was much closer than the stars. Poor old Venus didn't even make her own light, Dad said. She shone only from reflected light. He explained to me that planets glowed because reflected light was constant, and stars twinkled because their light pulsed.12 "I like it anyway," I said. I had admired Venus even before that Christmas. You could see it in the early evening, glowing on the western horizon, and if you got up early, you could still see it in the morning, after all the stars had disappeared.13 "What the hell," Dad said. "It's Christmas. You can have a planet if you want."14 And he gave me Venus.15 That evening over Christmas dinner, we all discussed outer space. Dad explained light years and black holes and quasars and told us about the special qualities of Betelgeuse, Rigel, and Venus. Betelgeuse was a red star in the shoulder of the constellation Orion. It was one of the largest stars you could see in the sky, hundreds of times bigger than the sun. It had burned brightly for millions of years and would soon become a supernova and burn out. I got upset that Lori had chosen a clunker of a star, but Dad explained that "soon" meant hundreds of thousands of years when you were talking about stars.16 Rigel was a blue star, smaller than Betelgeuse, Dad said, but even brighter. It was also in Orion—it was his left foot, which seemed appropriate, because Brian was an extra-fast runner.17 Venus didn't have any moons or satellites or even a magnetic field, but it did have an atmosphere sort of similar to earth's, except it was super-hot—about five hundred degrees or more. "So," Dad said, "when the sun starts to burn out and earth turns cold, everyone here might want to move to Venus to get warm. And they'll have to get permission you're your descendants first."18 We laughed about all the kids who believed in the Santa myth and got nothing for Christmas but a bunch of cheap plastic toys. "Years from now, when all the junk they got is broken and long forgotten," Dad said, "you'll still have yourstars."玻璃城堡我从来不相信有圣诞老人。

Unit 3Section APre-reading activities一1C 2D 3E 4B 5ALanguage focusWord in use三1integral 2cherish 3afflicted 4noteworthy 5portray 6compliment 7domain 8anonymous 9conscientious 10perpetualWord building四Words learned New words formed-izeGeneral GeneralizeNormal NormalizePublic PublicizeMinimum MinimizeImmune ImmunizeMobile Mobilize-orInvest InvestorDictate DictatorConquer ConquerorInvestigate InvestigatorModerate ModeratorElevator Elevate五1normalize 2moderator 3immunized 4investors 5mobilize 6conqueror 7elevate 8publicizes 9investigator 10minimized 11generalize 12dictatorBanked cloze六1C 2I 3F 4L 5A 6H 7K 8N 9E 10BExpression in use七1embark on 2be deprived of 3turn down 4taken captive 5live on 6share in7was stricken by 8led by exampleTranslation莱奥纳多·达·芬奇是意大利文艺复兴时期最伟大的思想家之一，也许也是迄今最多才多艺的人。

他是画家、雕刻家、建筑家、数学家、工程师和发明家，因成就广泛而闻名。

Unit 3 Marriage Across NationsWarm-up activitiesA marriage is an interpersonal relationship with government, social, or religious recognition, usually intimate and sexual, and often created as a contract. The most frequently occurring form of marriage unites a man and a woman as husband and wife. The reasons people marry vary widely, but usually include one or more of the following: legal, social and economic stability; the formation of a family unit; procreation and the education and nurturing of children; legitimizing sexual relations; public declaration of love.Proverbs Related to LoveEvery man is a poet when he is in love.恋爱中人人都是诗人。

Love is the joint experience between two persons.爱情是两个人之间的一种共享体验。

Love me, love my dog.爱屋及乌。

All shall be well and Jack shall have Jill.有情人终成眷属。

Beauty is in the eye of the beholder.情人眼里出西施。