人教版高中英语选修八Unit Five Meeting your ancestors

人教版高中英语选修8《Unit5Meetingyourancestors》教案人教版高中英语选修8《Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors》教案核心单词1. alternativen.可供选择的事物;(两者或以上)可能的选择adj. 供选择的, 二选一的常用结构：have no alternative but to do sth.只能做某事;除¡¡外别无选择We have no alternative but to go on.除了继续下去,我们别无选择。

There was no other alternative but to fight till the victory.除了战斗到胜利,别无选择。

联想拓展：alternatively adv. 或者，二者择一地alternate vt. 使交替;vi.交替;adj. 交替的;轮流的高手过招：(1)单项填空In this school, the students have three courses, and seven courses. (2010¡¤01¡¤陕西师大附中月考)A. required; alternativeB. requiring; alternativeC. required; alternateD. requiring; alternate解析：选A。

require(尤指根据法规) 规定、需要，此处用过去分词required修饰courses，因为两者之间为被动关系。

后空意思为¡°选择，选其一¡±，alternative符合句意。

(2)单句改错 (原创)①I had no alternative but report him to the police.②You have the alternative to speaking or keeping quiet.③Tom and Harry do the work on alternative days.答案：①report前加to ②to→of③alternative→ alternate2. arrestvt. 逮捕，拘留，吸引(注意)n.[C]逮捕常用结构：be arrested for sth. 因某事而被捕arrest one s attention吸引某人的注意under arrest被捕;被拘留The criminal was arrested yesterday.那名罪犯昨天被捕了。

The Second PeriodReadingTeaching goals 教学目标1. Target language目标语言：重点词汇和短语archaeology, tentative, accuracy, excavate, interrupt, assume, regardless, sharpen, cut up, scrape, ample, primitive, preserve, bead, botany, botanical, analysis, specific, seashell, specifically重点句子①It is a great pleasure to meet you students from England, who are interested in archaeology.②You must be aware that it's here that we found evidence of some of the earliest people wholived in this part of the world.③So we think it is reasonable to assume they lived in these caves, regardless of the cold.④We have been excavating layers of ash almost 6 meters thick, which suggests that they mighthave kept the fire burning all winter.2. Ability goals能力目标Enable the Ss to tell the differences between modern people and Peking man and learn how Peking man lived their lives.3. Learning ability goals 学能目标Help the Ss learn to tell the differences between modern people and Peking man and learn how Peking man lived their lives.Teaching important & difficult points教学重难点Talk about Peking man in Zhoukoudian Caves.Teaching methods教学方法Listening, reading and discussionTeaching procedures & ways教学过程与方法Step I Revision and Lead-inCheck the homework.The Ss will how their information about Zhoukoudian Caves in the following steps.Step II Lead in1.Ask the Ss to identify the picture in the pre-reading part. (skullcap)2.Ask Ss to assume what Peking man might have done and use thousands of yearsago.3.Then by showing the table following to show whether their assumptions are rightor wrong.Step III Reading1. Play the tape once, and ask the Ss what they have learned about ZhoukoudianCaves2. Skimming (What is the text about? And three stages of the archaeologist’s part ofthe dialogue: An archeologist is showing a group of students from Englandaround the Zhoukoudian Caves and telling them something bout the caves.)3. Scanning (Ask them to write down the three ways in which the life of early peoplediffers from modern ones. Ask them to work in pairs and discuss the questions. Finish Comprehending 2:Homes: caves, perhaps with skins to keep out the cold.Tools:scrapers, axe-heads, bone needlesDress:animal skins sewn together with needles and thread, necklaces4. Careful readingLet the Ss read the passage again and show the three stages in the PPT after thestudents finish Comprehending 3:Stage 1:Life in the caveStage 2: What we can learn from a needleStage 3: What we can learn from a necklaceStep IV Post-readingAsk Ss to fill in the chart on the life and habits of Peking man on page 37 and compare it with the list they made in the pre-reading. What differences are there?And then clarify Ss’ difficult points in the text.Step V Homework1.Go over the text.2.Write a brief introduction to the Zhoukoudian Cave.品味人生1、不管鸟的翅膀多么完美，如果不凭借空气，鸟就永远飞不到高空。

Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors【美文阅读】北京猿人复原头盖骨(1960年发现的) 北京猿人塑像Peking Man was discovered in Zhoukoudian village ，on the Longgu Mountain ，Fangshan district ，Beijing ，which was listed as a world cultural heritage site in 1987.In the 1920s archaeologists discovered a complete skull of an ape ­man dating back 600,000 years which was later named as Peking Man.Stone tools and evidence of Peking Man's use of fire were later found on the mountain.Studies have shown that Peking Man walked on his feet and lived 690,000 years ago.His society lived in groups in caves and survived by hunting.The group could make use of rough stone tools and knew how to use fire for heating and cooking.The discovery included six complete skulls of Peking Man,12 skull fragments,15 mandibles(下颌骨)，157 teeth and some sections of broken femurs(大腿骨)，shinbones(胫骨)，and upper arm bones belonging to more than 40 individuals of different ages and sexes.In addition 100,000 fragments of stone tools were found together with sites used for fire and burnt bones and stones.Peking Man created a unique Old Stone Culture which had much influence to the Old Stone Culture of North China.Stone tools arethe principal relics of this remote culture.Also discovered in Zhoukoudian are stone points，a new production tool then，and bone articles made and used by Peking Man.Found in the caves were such tools as the larger end of an antler(鹿角，茸角) that had been used as a hammer and the sharp end of an antler used as a digging tool.The use of fire was a milestone of the development of civilization and the discovery of Peking Man has pushed back the time that man first used it by tens of thousands of years.The largest ash pile discovered in the caves is six metres thick.Fire allowed people to eat cooked food instead of raw food and promoted the development of the brain and improved health.With his rough tools and simple living conditions，Peking Man created a unique and very ancient culture.【诱思导学】1．When was Peking Man Site at Zhoukoudian listed as a world cultural heritage?______________________________________________2．According to the studies，when did Peking Man live?______________________________________________3．What kind of tools did Peking Man use?______________________________________________【答案】 1.In 1987. 2.About 690,000 years ago.3．Stone tools.Period ⅠPreviewing(教师用书独具)●教学目标本课时主要是通过学生对学案所给出的内容的学习，了解本课文中所出现的词汇，初步了解课文以及相关的背景知识，为下一堂课对课文的全面理解起到一个铺垫作用。

A Teaching Plan品味人生1、不管鸟的翅膀多么完美，如果不凭借空气，鸟就永远飞不到高空。

想象力是翅膀，客观实际是空气，只有两方面紧密结合，才能取得显着成绩。

2、想停下来深情地沉湎一番，怎奈行驶的船却没有铁锚;想回过头去重温旧梦，怎奈身后早已没有了归途。

因为时间的钟摆一刻也不曾停顿过，所以生命便赋予我们将在汹涌的大潮之中不停地颠簸。

3、真正痛苦的人，却在笑脸的背后，流着别人无法知道的眼泪，生活中我们笑得比谁都开心，可是当所有的人潮散去的时候，我们比谁都落寂。

4、温暖是飘飘洒洒的春雨;温暖是写在脸上的笑影;温暖是义无反顾的响应;温暖是一丝不苟的配合。

5、幸福，是一种人生的感悟，一种个人的体验。

也许，幸福是你风尘仆仆走进家门时亲切的笑脸;也许，幸福是你卧病床上百无聊赖时温馨的问候;也许，幸福是你屡遭挫折心灰意冷时劝慰的话语;也许，幸福是你历经艰辛获得成功时赞赏的掌声。

关键的是，你要有一副热爱生活的心肠，要有一个积极奋进的目标，要有一种矢志不渝的追求。

这样，你才能感受到幸福。

6、母爱是迷惘时苦口婆心的规劝;母爱是远行时一声殷切的叮咛;母爱是孤苦无助时慈祥的微笑。

7、淡淡素笺，浓浓墨韵，典雅的文字，浸染尘世情怀;悠悠岁月，袅袅茶香，别致的杯盏，盛满诗样芳华;云淡风轻，捧茗品文，灵动的音符，吟唱温馨暖语;春花秋月，红尘阡陌，放飞的思绪，漫过四季如歌。

读一段美文，品一盏香茗，听一曲琴音，拾一抹心情。

8、尘缘飞花，人去楼空，梦里花落为谁痛?顾眸流盼，几许痴缠。

把自己揉入了轮回里，忆起，在曾相逢的梦里;别离，在泪眼迷朦的花落间;心碎，在指尖的苍白中;淡落，在亘古的残梦中。

在夜莺凄凉的叹息里，让片片细腻的柔情，哽咽失语在暗夜的诗句里。

9、用不朽的“人”字支撑起来的美好风景，既有“虽体解吾犹未变兮”的执着吟哦，也有“我辈岂是蓬蒿人”的跌宕胸怀;既有“我以我血荐轩辕”的崇高追求，也有“敢教日月换新天”的豪放气魄。

Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors Ⅰ. 单元教学目标Ⅱ. 目标语言Ⅲ. 教材分析和教材重组1. 教材分析本单元以General knowledge of archaeology and Anthropology as well as history 为话题，通过学习周口店洞穴北京人遗址、埃及古墓等古代文明，使学生了解一些考古学及人类发展变迁历史等方面的知识；激发学生热爱人类、热爱历史、热爱考古的兴趣，进而使学生懂得保护文化遗产的重要意义。

通过对一些古文物的识别、鉴定和描述，使学生学会鉴别、描述事物（考古现象）特征的方法。

1.1 Warming Up 给出了四幅图片，要求学生通过识别、描述古代中国、希腊、埃及的文物，使学生了解古代文明在人类社会发展史上的重大意义.1.2 Pre-reading 要求学生能从不同侧面比较、描述现代人和北京人的不同之处，为Reading 部分的学习做好准备。

1.3 Reading 是一位考古学家和来参观周口店北京人遗址的英格兰学生之间的一段对话。

要求学生通过阅读对话，了解周口店北京人在衣食住行、使用工具上的特点；了解古人类惊人的生活和创造能力。

1.4 Comprehending 共设计了三部分习题。

第一题是根据课文回答问题；第二题要求学生在理解课文的基础上，结合生活实际，写出北京人在居住、使用工具和衣着方面与现代人的三个不同之处；第三题训练学生的概括和写作能力。

要求学生通过分析归纳考古学家的介绍，写出关于周口店考古工作所经历的三个阶段的相关情况，并利用这些信息写一篇关于周口店洞穴的介绍。

1.5 Learning about Language分词汇和语法两部分。

其中Discovering useful words and expressions 中第一题要求学生运用所给词汇的适当形式填空；第二题要求所给短语完成句子。

通过这两个练习使学生掌握本单元的描述性语言。

人教版高中英语选修8教案Unit Five Meeting your ancestorsTopic: General knowledge of archaeology (考古学), anthropology (人类学) as well as history.V ocabulary: alternative非正统的, 不寻常的, 两者择一的; botanical; starvation; tentative试探性的, 试验的,尝试性的,不确定的; accuracy精确性,准确性; interrupt; acute敏锐的, 敏感的, 严重的; assume; regardless; mat席子，垫子; beast野兽; centimeter; sharpen; sharpener; ample足够的；充足的; messy凌乱的, 散乱的, 肮脏的; primitive原始的, 发展水平低的; botany; analysis分析，分解; seashell; ripen使成熟; category类型，部门，种类; significance; somehow; systematic有系统的，有规则的; spit; delete; album; scratch; academy; receptionist接待员; onion; kindergarten; skateboard; yogurt; radioactive; radioactivity放射性; division; melon甜瓜; wrinkle皱纹, 妙计，窍门; pulse; applaud鼓掌欢迎; howl; accelerate加快，加速; spear; arrest; dizzy 头昏眼花的; hammer; gay欢快的; skilful; punctuation标点法, 标点符号; regardless of不管, 不顾; at most; cut up; fed up with受够了, 饱受; look ahead; date back; lie in wait for埋伏以待袭击; on behalf of代表某人; come to a conclusion得出结论;Function:1. 特征(Description of features)It looks like……/ It could be because…… / How large do you think it is? / It may be used as / for ….. / It could be made from…. / Is there any …. On the….? / What do you think it is?2. 建议(Suggestions)I think that we should….because…. /If…., then maybe we ought to…./ What if….?It seems like that…. / We must ask for help from….Perhaps we should…/ I suggest we….3. 假定(Assumption)It is reasonable to assume that…..Our evidence suggested that…Perhaps there was….It suggests that….We think that…..Grammar: Revise the verb tenses. / Learn the present Perfect Continuous Tense.Australo pith(南方古猿)Homohabilis(能人)Homoerectus(直立猿人)Neandertal(旧石器时代尼安法特人)Homo sapiens(智人)First location found Hadar,EthiopiaOlduvaiGorge,TanzaniaZhoukoudian,Beijing,ChinaNeandarValleyGermanySingha,SudanAppear ed (approx imate) 5-1.2millionyearsago2.4-1.6millionyearsago2million-36,000 yearsago200,000-36,000 yearsago130,000-90,000 years agoHow the differ from chimps Walk ontwo legsWalk ontwo legsWalk ontwo legsWalk ontwo legsWalk on twolegsBrain size About390-550ccAbout590-690ccAbout800-1250ccAbout 1500ccAbout 1350 ccOther Madetools Lived ingroups,movedaround,madetools, firstto use fireBurieddead, mademany stonetools, livedin groupsCommunicated, educated,lived IcommunitiesPeriod One Warming up, Pre-reading, reading and comprehending Knowledge and skills:1) To know the meanings of the following new words and phrases. alternative非正统的, 不寻常的, 两者择一的; botanical; starvation; tentative试探性的, 试验的,尝试性的,不确定的; accuracy精确性,准确性; interrupt; acute敏锐的, 敏感的, 严重的; assume; regardless; mat席子，垫子; beast野兽; centimeter; sharpen; sharpener; ample足够的；充足的; messy凌乱的, 散乱的, 肮脏的; primitive原始的, 发展水平低的; botany; analysis分析，分解; seashell; ripen使成熟; category类型，部门，种类; significance; somehow; systematic有系统的，有规则的; spit; delete; album; scratch; academy; receptionist接待员; onion; kindergarten; skateboard; yogurt; radioactive; radioactivity放射性; division; melon甜瓜; wrinkle皱纹, 妙计，窍门; pulse; applaud鼓掌欢迎; howl; accelerate加快，加速; spear; arrest; dizzy头昏眼花的; hammer; gay欢快的; skilful; punctuation标点法, 标点符号; regardless of不管, 不顾; at most; cut up; fed up with受够了, 饱受; look ahead; date back; lie in wait for埋伏以待袭击; on behalf of代表某人; come to a conclusion得出结论;2) To learn something about the Zhoukoudian Caves.3) To develop students’ reading ability by reading the passage.4) To develop students’ speaking ability by talking about archaeological finds and the life of early people.Teaching important and difficult points:1) To enable the students to learn about the life that early people livedand to develop their reading ability.2) To enable the students to describe an archaeological object.Step 1 Warming up1) Warming up by looking and talking: look at the pictures and discuss what it is and how much they know about it.○1 A household object from Greece. It is an oil lamp that was used to give light at night. It was possibly used for parties, housework or study. Oliver oil was placed in the body of the lamp inside the lamp, and when it was lit it provided light.○2 A musical instrument: it was played when a person hit the bronze or brass (黄铜) bells. Different notes could be made by making the bells larger or smaller. People composed music to be played in a large house, temple or palace.○3 A stone tool: it was made of jade stone which is hard and very beautiful. It has a sharp edge so it could be used to break other pieces of stones. The hole on the top of the tool shows where it was joined to a wooden handle, so it could be used like an axe today.○4 A face of an Egyptian Pharaoh (埃及法老) [færəʊ] : it is a maskwhich was placed over the pharaoh’s face after he died. Sometimes they were also buried with the dead pharaoh. They were made of gold and decorated in beautiful colors. It shows that the pharaoh expected his objects to have the best of material and workmanship.2) Warming up by reading a short passageWhat is archaeology?Archaeology is the study of ancient civilizations by scientific analysis of physical remains found in the ground. But unlike history, it often has to deal with civilizations that have no written records. So it is the job of archaeologists to try to find out as much as they can about the life and times of long dead people by looking at the places where they lived, what they wore, what tools they used and how they buried the dead.The study of archaeology is not just the study of objects. There are very important of course. But what is equally important for understanding how people lives are:Where were the objects found? Where were they found with other similar objects or alone? What state were they in? What were they made of? So to get most information about the site and the people who lived there, an excavation has to be organized in a very systematic and formal way. By excavating (挖掘) a site, archaeologists have destroyed the evidence. So writing and drawing everything in the place where it was found is extremely important.Step 2 Pre-reading1. Show them some pictures fort hem to speak and discuss.2. Try a tentative guess about what Peking Man might have done and used thousands of years ago.1) Places for living: ____________.2) Furniture: ___________.3) Entertainment: _____________.4) Food: ____________.5) Clothing: ___________.Step 3 Reading and comprehending1. Fast reading: Read the text A Visit to the Zhoukoudian Caves and do some exercises:1) The main idea of the text is about the ______ of our earliest people in Zhoukoudian Caves.A. life and habitsB. food and clothingC. homes and fishingD. farming and hunting2) Through the conversation, everything about our earliest people is mentioned EXCEPT ____.A. homesB. toolsC. dressD. entertainment3) Our earliest people in Zhoukoudian Caves kept themselves warm by ______.A. workingB. fightingC. making firesD. hunting4) Evidence has shown that the earliest people in the Caves used _____ to make clothes according to the conversation.A. leavesB. tree skinsC. animal skinsD. cotton5) From the conversation we can infer that the earliest people in the Caves were very ______.A. busy and richB. idle and lazyC. clever and hard-workingD. stupid and cruel6) What is the right order for the earliest people to prepare their clothes?a. Cut the skin.b. Sewed the pieces of skin togetherc. Rubbed salt onto the skin to make it softd. Remove the fat and meat from the skine. Cut up animals and removed their skinA. cdebaB. edcabC. cbdaeD. eabcd7) The primitive necklace found in the cave shows that ______.A. our ancestors made ornaments and sold them for moneyB. our ancestors valued necklaces more than other ornamentsC. the earliest people had already cared about their appearanceD. the earliest people had already mastered the advanced skills of making ornaments.8) We can infer from the passage that people living in the Zhoukoudian caves ____A. didn’t live mainly on cropsB. didn’t know how to trade with othersC. burnt what they could find outside the cavesD. kept the ash in order to keep the cave warm2. Read the passage again and find out the three topics that the archaeologist talked about.Topic one: ________________________________________________. Topic two: ________________________________________________. Topic three: _______________________________________________.3. According to the text, we can infer that ____________.A. there was a large lake around the Zhoukoudian Caves.B. the early people didn’t know how to catch or eat fish.C. the early people didn’t care about their appearance at all.D. the early people wore nothing but some leaves.4. 根据课文内容填空:Some of the earliest peoplelived in ______.ide Evidence ConclusionHow could they live there? Human and animalsbonesTools and ______They lived in caves.How did they keep warm? Fireplaces in thecenter of the caves. They used fire to _____, cook the food and scares wild animals away.________. They kept the fireburning all winter. No doors. They hung keep outthe enemies.What _____ were there? Bones of tigers andbears Tigers and bears were their most dangerous enemies.How did they make clothes? _____ made ofanimal bones.They used _____stone tools to cut upanimals and removetheir skin.They used _____ toremove the fat andmeat from the skin.They rubbed anample amount of saltonto the skin to_______.What did they use to make ornaments? Animal bones and_______.Perhaps there wastrade between earlypeople or theytraveled to theseaside.Step 4 Language study1. interrupt sb / sth打搅某人/某事, 打断;I hope I’m not interrupting you.When we were talking, he often interrupted the conversation.In the advanced course students must take performance tests at monthly _______.A. interruptionB. intervalC. lengthD. distance2. sb. think / suppose / consider / believe / feel it (is) + adj / n + to do sth He might think it (is) polite to return the visit.他或许认为回访是礼貌的.He considered it (is) our duty to look after the old man.I feel it (is) impossible to finish the work in a single day.3. assume假定, 假想, 假装, 担任, 承担;We assume him to be innocent before hearing the evidence against him. The winner of the election assumed the office of senator.选举获胜者担任了参议院的职位.4. regardless of: 不管, 不顾, 不考虑; make an assumption做假设; assuming假设的, 假定的; in spite of = despite尽管; because of = on account of由于; by means of用某种方式, 借助于某事物; in front of 在….前面; in honor of为纪念; in danger of处于…危险中;I’ll take the job regardless of the pay.He says what he thinks, regardless of other people’s feelings.He climbed the tower regardless of the fact that it’s dangerous. Assuming that the story is true, what should we do?This is an assumed result._______ the weather, the press conference will still be held on time.A. Instead ofB. In relation toC. Regardless ofD. On behalf of5. 情态动词+ have done的用法: would / could / may / should / ought to / need have done过去本会/ 本能做/ 本可以/ 本应该/ 理应/ 本需要做, 但实际上没有做; 注意其后的否定形式用not. Must have done过去一定; can’t / couldn’t have done过去一定没有;It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.Mary can’t have stolen your money. She has gone home.The door was locked. He could not have been at home.He might have given you more help, even though he was very busy. How I regret the time I should have studied but I wasted in woods.He ought not to / shouldn’t have thrown the old clothes away.I dressed very warmly for the trip, but I needn’t have done so. The weather was hot.6. keep sb. from doing sth阻止某人做某事; keep sb. away from sb. / sth 使某人或某物远离某人或某物; keep in touch with sb与….保持联系; keep on doing sth继续做某事; keep off远离, 避开; keep sb up使某人熬夜;7. as well多放在句末; too多数情况下放在句末，有时放在句中; also 多放在主要动词的前面或系动词be的后面, 有时也可以放在其他位置.My sister likes swimming, and I do as well.He realized that she was also a teacher.His name is known all over the world as well in Japan.----Do you know where David is? I couldn’t find him anywhere.----Well. He ______ have gone far---his coat’s still here.A. shouldn’tB. mustn’tC. can’tD. wouldn’t8. sharpen使变尖锐, 使急剧;His speech sharpened the differences between the two men.The walk has sharpened my appetite. 散步增进了我的食欲.9. cut up切碎, 摧毁, 粉粹, 使悲伤; cut across走捷径, 抄近路; cut down砍到, 削减; cut out剪下, 删除, 戒掉; cut in / into插嘴, 干涉, 插入; cut short突然停止, 缩短; cut off切断, 隔绝, 孤立; cut through穿越, 克服; cut back急忙返回, 削减;Our army cut up the enemy’s forces. 我军粉碎了敌军的武装部队.He was hardly cut up by the news of his father’s death.10. –en是后缀: 使变为, 使变得: darken, deepen, harden, weaken,ripen, soften, hearten, broaden, strengthen. 附在物质名词后构成形容词, 表示“由…..制作的” wooden, woolen, golden.11. in the final / last analysis归根结底, 总之;You must make a detailed analysis of the report.The coach tried to analysis the cause of our defeat.12. as引导非限定性定语从句既可以放在句子之前, 也可以放在句子之后, 用来修饰整个句子. 类似的结构有: as is known to all, as is said, as is reported, as is announced, as we all know, as I expect等.As I expected, he got the first place again in this mid-term examination. He made a long speech, as we expected.Tom drinks a lot every day, which his wife doesn’t like at all.______ was expected, he broke his promise once more, ______ left his friend down.A.It, whichB. As, whichC. It, asD. Which, which13. significance有意义的, 意味深长的, 重要的, 显著的; attach significance to sth重视;What is the significance of the speech you made?The new discovery of oil is of great significance to this area’s economy. The manager’s working relationship with these people contributes ______ to the smooth functioning of the hotel.A. significantlyB. importantlyC. seriouslyD. desperately14. somehow = somehow or other 以某种方式, 通过某种途径, 不知怎么的; someway = somehow以某种方式, 不知怎么的; anyhow = anyway无论如何, 尽管, 即使这样; somewhat稍微, 有点儿; Somehow or other we became good friends.We must find money for the rent somehow or other.Somehow, I don’t feel I can trust you.I couldn’t believe her anyhow / anyway. 我无论如何也不相信他.It may not work, but I’ll have a try anyhow.这可能行不通, 但我无论如何都要试一试.He looked somewhat annoyed. 他看来有几分困的样子.15. alternative可能选择的have no alternative but to do = have no alternative to do but do = have no choice but to do = could do nothing but do, there is no alternative but to do, have no alternative to doing除做某事外没有其他的办法;I had no alternative / choice but to send him to police. = I have no alternative to sending him to the police. = I have nothing to / could do nothing but send him to police. 除了把他交给警察, 我别无选择.The way was blocked, so we had to go by an alternative road.这条路堵了, 所以我们只好走其他的路.16. due到期的, 到期应付的, 约定的, 预定要达到或发生的;The bill is due. 这张票据已到期.Our grateful thanks are due to you. 我们衷心感谢你.When is the train due? 火车什么时候到？We should pay due attention to this problem.我们应对这个问题给与适当的关注.because of因为, 由于, 在句子中作状语，放在句首或句末; owing to 在句子中作状语; due to其引导的短语在句子中一般作表语或定语; on account of引导的短语在句中做状语; thanks to幸亏, 由于, 可表达正面意义, 也可带有讽刺意义;Why these things happened was ______ the driver had been careless. A. because of B. owing to C. due to D. that17. feed up感到厌烦; be fed up with受够了, 饱受, 厌烦; be bored with / be tired of对….感到厌烦;He is fed up with reading. = He is tired of / bored with reading.I am fed up with her deskmate.Fed up with being told (厌烦了被告知) what he could do and what he couldn’t do, Jim decided to move out of his parents’ house. (feed; tell)补充练习:1) We can’t _____ whether a child is clever or stupid from his / her points in an examination, which many parents haven’t realized.A. conductB. resultC. confirmD. conclude2) Farmers will have an abundant harvest, _____that the weather isfavorable.A. pretendingB. assumingC. thinkingD. believing3) He was in hospital for 6 months. He felt as if he was _____ from the outside world.A. cut outB. cut offC. cut upD. cut through4) The only thing he ____ in the world is money. He thinks nothing else is more important than it.A. come aboutB. cares aboutC. finds outD. looks after5) We are always warned not to act _____ what will happen afterwards.A. in the event ofB. as a result ofC. regardless ofD. in spite of6) As is known to all having common sense, early ______ of a disease can prevent death.A. editionB. imaginationC. identificationD. starvation7) The captain told the sailor to _____ their spirits when they were on the point of giving up.A. keep upB. pick upC. take onD. go on8) We have made a(n) ______offer, we shall make it clear as soon as possible.A. attentiveB. certainC. determinedD. tentative9) The university has launched a research center to develop new ways of ______ bacteria which have become resistant to drug treatment.A. disturbingB. breakingC. interruptingD. combating (减少, 消除)10) It is impossible to say with any degree of _____ how many are affected when the most serious earthquake in this century broke out.A. realityB. accuracy (准确)C. correctionD. emergency11) Everyone agreed that the physical text was difficult, but Jack managed to pass it _____.A. anyhowB. anywayC. somewhatD. somehow12) This event not only raised _____ of world hunger, but also raised lots of money to help starving children.A. awarenessB. informationC. conscienceD. knowledge13) I’m _____ working overtime every week and wish I had an ordinary nine-to five job.A. fed up withB. tired withC. bored ofD. fed with14) A dictionary of the English language, complied by Dr. Samuel Johnson, was the first real attempt as a _____ written survey of English usage.A. theoreticalB. pessimisticC. systematicD. optimistic15) The tension that exists among nations could certainly be lessoned if misunderstanding and mistrust were _______.A. cancelledB. deletedC. removedD. collapsed16) Many teens don’t get through sleep because they have too much homework, which ______ them up at night.A. makesB. staysC. turnsD. keeps17) On Sunday he denied all knowledge of it, but on the ______ day he’d admitted to me that he knew all abut it.A. previousB. formerC. originalD. primitive18) The kitchen’s always so _____ after we’ve had guests. Give me a hand to do it over, will you?A. confusedB. messyC. complicatedD. unpleasant19) If you’re going to the library would you mind returning this book for me? It’s ______ today.A. dueB. owingC. lateD. passing20) The police are trying to find out the _____ of the woman killed in the traffic accident.A. evidenceB. recognitionC. statusD. identity21) Hospital staff burst into cheers after doctors completed a 20-hour operation to have _____ one-year-old twins at the head.A. isolatedB. separatedC. dividedD. removed22) What is the most memorable thing in your life and what do you _____ as your biggest defeat?A. look atB. look forC. look aroundD. look on23) The policeman stopped him when he was driving home and _____ him of speed.A. chargedB. accusedC. arrestedD. suspected24) One book on the universe with fascinating cover _____ his attention, and he bought it without any hesitation.A. fixedB. paidC. arrestedD. put25) Whether the school sports meeting will be held ______ the weather tomorrow.A. lives onB. feeds onC. depends onD. insists on26) Do you know that the first textbooks written for teaching English asa foreign language _____ in the 16th century.A. came upB. came alongC. came outD. came about27) ______ both sides accept the agreement will a lasting peace be established in this region.A. Only ifB. UnlessC. If onlyD. As long as28) Dogs have a very good ______ of smell and are often used to search for survivors in an earthquake.A. senseB. viewC. meansD. idea29) As is well known, peasants often use special chemicals to ______ the growth of crops so that they can harvest earlier.A. accommodate (提供膳宿)B. increaseC. celebrateD. accelerate (加快, 促进)30) The schoolmaster _____ the girl’s bravery in his opening speech given on Monday in front of all the teachers and students.A. applaudedB. enhanced (提高)C. elevated (举起)D. clapped31) When food supply were ____ that winter, the sick and wounded soldiers managed to survive on wild herbs.A. cut awayB. cut downC. cut offD. cut up32) My calculations were based on the _____ that house prices would remain steady.A. theoryB. assumptionC. procedureD. regulation33) There are certain occasions when you must _____ people who are in the middle of doing something.A. interruptB. forbidC. forgiveD. object34) By _____ the parts of the sentence we learn more about English grammar.A. assumingB. assessing (评估)C. evaluatingD. analyzing35) They are trying their best to make a new drug, called Naolingtong, to _____ tiredness.A. keepB. arrestC. accelerate (促进)D. scrape (刮擦)36) I’ve been learning Japanese, and I find that Chinese _____ greatly from Japanese in pronunciation.A. rangesB. differsC. changesD. shifts37) China’s main objective is to develop, strengthening the nation and gradually raising the ______ of living.A. standardB. criteriaC. restrictionD. description38) In the dense (稠密的) world of a tropical forest, it is more important to see well than to develop a(n) ______ sense of smell.A. vigorous (精力充沛的)B. activeC. acute (敏锐的)D. aware39) His temper and personality show that he can become a soldier of the top ____.A. circleB. rankC. categoryD. variety40) Although he had looked through all the reference materials on the subject, he still found it hard to understand this point, that is to say, it still made him ______.A. amusedB. messyC. faintD. dizzy (Suggested answers: DBBBC CADDB DAACC DABAD BDBCC CAADA CBADB BACBD)Step 5 Listening, reading aloud and understandingAsk students to read the text to the tape and let them pay attention to the pronunciation and intonation.Step 6 Studying the style of the textKeys for reference: This reading passage is written in the form of questions and answers. It is similar to an interview, but the questions follow an earlier question, which is different from an interview. It is also different from other styles of writing which use continuous prose.Step 7 DiscussionGet students to discuss the questioning techniques that the archaeologist uses in the passage.Keys for reference:All the archaeologists will never say “I know this”. Instead they will be tentative (试探性的) in their descriptions of life in the past.Step 8 HomeworkLearn the useful new words and expressions in this period by heart. Find information about an archaeological (考古学的) object and try to introduce it to the classmates next period.Reflection after teaching:The second period Grammar: Revise the Verb Tenses(Mainly Dealing with the Present Perfect Continuous Tense) Knowledge and skills:1. To let the students learn the use of the present perfect continuous tense.2. To enable the students to use the present perfect continuous tense correctly and properly.Emotion, attitude and value1. To get the students to become interested in grammar learning2. To develop students’ ability of comparing and summarizing Teaching and difficult points:1. To get the students to master the structure of the present perfect continuous tense and how it is used.2. To enable the students to learn the use the present perfect continuous tense.Step 1 Revision1. Check the homework exercises.2. Dictate some new words and expressions.Step 2 Warming upSome examples:We have been excavating layers of ash almost six meters thick…Well, we’ve been finding the bones of tigers and bears in the cave…Ann is very tired. She has been working very hard.He has been calling on her several times this week.We have been having a lot of rain recently.Step 3 Grammar learning一．现在完成进行时的构成: 出动词(have / has) not + been + V-ing; The Chinese have been making paper for two thousand years.I have been telling him to study hard.二. 现在完成进行时的用法1. 表示从过去某时开始的动作一直延续到说话时还在继续进行, 并有可能延续下去的动作, 常和for, since引导的时间状语连用.They have been living here for 10 years.It has been raining for 3 days.2. 表示一个动作从过去某时开始, 一直延续到说话时候刚结束.I have been waiting you for about one hour.She has been working all night long.3. 表示重复(只是断断续续, 而非一直不停).We’ve been discussing the matter several times this year.I have been saying goodbye to some friends today.4. 表示一个过去的动作对现在的影响或造成的结果, 相当于现在完成时He has been doing too much work.Who’s been insulting you?注意:1. 有些表示状态, 感情, 感觉的动词, 如: have, exist, like, hate, hear, know, sound等不能用于现在完成进行时, 但可以用于现在完成时I have known him for years.2. 有些动词, 如: live, learn, play, rain, snow, stand, study, teach, work, wait等, 如果强调动作延续时间的长久或带有感情色彩时, 用现在完成进行式比现在完成时更好一些.We have been living here for nearly 30 years.Miss Li has always been studying hard.语法延伸: 现在完成时与现在完成进行时的比较1. 现在完成时表示到现在为止已经完成, 或者在过去曾经发生过的动作; 现在完成进行时往往表示仍将继续下去的动作.I have written an article.I have been writing an article.They have built a ship.They have been building a ship.2. 当现在完成进行式表示刚刚结束时, 现在完成时强调动作的结果, 现在完成进行时则强调动作在不久以前持续进行的情景.Now we have cleaned the room; we can move the things in.----You look so tired. What have you been doing?----I’ve been playing football.3. 现在完成进行式往往表示动作在重复, 现在完成时则常常不带重复性.Have you been meeting her lately?你老是遇到她吗? (含有经常相会的意思)Have you met her lately? 你最近遇到过她吗? (该句如与often, every day等时间状语连用, 当然也表示动作在重复)语法练习:1) No matter how low you consider yourself, there is always someone ______ you wishing they were that night.A. getting rid ofB. getting along withC. looking up toD. looking down upon2) Tom was about to close the window _____ his attention was caught bya bird.A. whenB. ifC. andD. till3) Mark _____ have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early. A. needn’t B. wouldn’t C. mustn’t D. couldn’t4) This special school accepts all disabled students, _____ educated level and background.A. according toB. regardless ofC. in addition toD. in terms of5) As there is less and less coal and oil. Scientists are exploring new ways of making use of ______ energy, such as sunlight, wind and water for power and fuel.A. primaryB. alternativeC. instantD. unique6) Excuse me, Marcia, a reporter from Vanity Fair (名利场) ______ all day. Could you speak to her now?A. phonesB. has phonedC. has been phoningD. phoned7) But for their help, we _____ the program in time.A. can’t finishB. won’t finishC. hadn’t finishedD. couldn’t have finished8) ----Hi, Mark. How was the musical evening?----Excellent! Ales and Andy performed _____ and they won the first prize.A. skillfullyB. commonlyC. willinglyD. nervously9) _____ you eat the correct foods _____ be able to keep fit and stay healthy.A. Only if, will youB. Only if, you willC. Unless, will youD. Unless, you will10) I’m certain David’s told you his business troubles. ______, it’s no secret that he owes a lot of money to the bank.A. HoweverB. AnywayC. ThereforeD. Though(Suggested answers: CAABB CDAAB)Fill in the blanks with the proper forms of the verbs given in the brackets.1) I wonder why Jenny ______ (not write) to us recently. We should have heard from her by now.2) I _____ letters this morning and _____ six so far. (write)3) ----Hi, Tracy, you look tired.----I’m tired. I _____ the living room all day. (paint)。