被动语态 学生版
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高三语法复习第2讲非谓语动词1.非谓语动词的基本形式(与谓语动词的区分)主动:to do ,doing , having done , to have done被动:to be done , being done , to have been done , having been done动作状态:to do 将要doing 伴随,进行done 完成2.用法非谓语动词可以做主语,宾语,表语,补语,定语,状语01做主语(to do / doing )(谓语动词用单数)Eg1 . To forgive is the virtue of life.Eg2. Getting mad at others means other people are getting control of my emotionsIt 做形式主语,常见的句型有:It is no good/use doing sth.; It is useless doing sth.;It’s a waste of time doing sth.; It’s good manners to do sth.;It’s common/standard practice to do sth.;It’s +adj. (如important、necessary、urgent等)+for sb.to do sth.;It is + adj.(性格、品质类形容词,如honest、kind、generous、considerate等) + of sb.to do sth.。
Eg1. It’s generous of him to give a helping hand to me when I am in trouble .Eg2.It’s a waste of time sleeping in the English class .02作宾语1)to do 做宾语的谓语动词wish、hope、decide、refuse、promise、pretend、manage、plan、fail、choose、would like,,determine, afford , offer 等。
新概念二Lesson34课堂内容Quick workDan Robinson has been worried all the week. Last Tuesday he received a letter from the local police.In the letter he was asked to call at the station. Danwondered why he was wanted by the police, but he wentto the station yesterday and now he is not worried anymore. At the station, he was told by a smilingpoliceman that his bicycle had been found. Five daysago, the policeman told him, the bicycle was pickedup in a small village four hundred miles away. It isnow being sent to his home by train. Dan was mostsurprised when he heard the news. He was amused too,because he never expected the bicycle to be found. ItPart 1 Basic words and expressions1. local adj.地方的,本地的local news 本地新闻local government 地方政府the local police 当地警察局Last Tuesday he received a letter from the local police.2. call v. 打电话,喊叫call at 拜访(某地)I shall call at his home tomorrow. 我明天要到他家里拜访。
英语语法知识难点(一)形容词和副词I.要点A.形容词1、形容词的用法形容词是用来修饰、描绘名词的,通常在句中作定语、表语或宾补,有时还可作状语。
如:He is honest and hardworking. I found the book interesting.某些形容词与定冠词连用表示一类人作主语时,谓语通常用复数形式。
如:The rich and the poor live in different parts of the city.The English like to be with their families.多个形容词作定语修饰名词的顺序:冠词+序数词+基数词+性质状态(描述性)+形状大小+新旧老少+颜色+国籍+材料+名词。
如:the second five interesting big new red Chinese wall papers.2、形容词比较等级的形式(1)规则形式一般说来,单音节词及少数双音节词在后加-er; --est 来构成比较级和最高级;其他双音节词及多音节词在前加more, most.如:great-greater-greatest busy-busier-busiest important-more important-(the)most important (2)不规则形式good (well)-better-best bad (ill)-worse-worst many (much)-more-most little-less-least(3)形容词比较等级的用法①表示两者的比较,用形容词的比较级+than. 如:He is cleverer than the other boys. This one is more beautiful than that one.②表示两者以上的比较,用"the +形容词最高级(+名词)+of(in) …"如:He is the cleverest boy in his class.③表示两者是同等程度,用"as +形容词原级+as". 如:He is as tall as I. I have as many books as you.④越… 越…例如:The more I learn, the happier I am.⑤You can never be too careful. 越小心越好又如:You can never praise the teacher too highly.你怎么赞扬这个老师也不过分。
Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures每/日/金/句:If a large number of wild animals die out, we will break the balance of nature.如果大量的野生动物灭绝了,我们将会破坏自然的平衡。
语言基础集释(教材P 18)It is reported that living spaces for wildlife are being reduced due to the cutting of trees.据报道,由于砍伐树木,野生动物的生存空间正在减少。
◎reduce vt .减少(1)reduce {to … 减少到降低到……by …减少了降低了…… (2)reduce sb. to (doing) sth. 使某人沦落为(3)reduction n . 减少;缩小[佳句] It was foggy ,so the driver had to reduce speed to forty kilometres an hour.有雾,所以司机不得不把速度降低到每小时四十公里。
[练通]——单句语法填空①By taking exercise every day, I have reduced my weight from 65 kilos ________ 50 kilos.②The number of deer has ________ (reduce) by 40 percent due to human's activities.③The cultural relic ________ (reduce) to ruins, which made us depressed.[写美]——应用文佳句④在日常生活中, 我努力减少在这个星球上的碳足迹。
In my everyday life, I ______________________ my carbon footprint on the planet. ◎due adj .由于;因为be due to 由于,归功于……be due to do sth. 预定/计划(做)某事[佳句] Due to great efforts of all the people, COVID-19 has been under control in China.由于所有人的巨大努力,新冠肺炎在中国已经得到控制。
第07讲used to用法【学习目标】1、要求学生掌握used to概念和用法。
2、掌握used to 与be used to 区别。
3、掌握used to 各种句式。
【基础知识】used to do 泛指过去习惯性的动作或状态,但如今已不存在了(强调与现在对比,暗示现在不做了)。
其中to为动词不定式符号,后接动词原形。
used to 只用于过去时态,没有人称和数的变化。
可以没有时间状语。
意为:主语过去常常做或过去是…一、结构:1、肯定形式:主语+ used to + 动词原形eg: I used to smoke a lot.eg: I used to have long hair.eg: I used to be fat.eg: I used to go to the cinema, but I never have time now.Tom曾经是警察。
_______________________________我过去在一家商店工作。
_______________________________2、否定形式:有2种情况1):sb didn't use to do 2):sb usedn't to doeg: My father didn't use to drink.My father usedn't to drink.3、一般疑问式1):Did sb use to do…..?回答:Yes, sb did ; No , sb didn’t .2): Used sb to do…..?回答:Yes,sb used to ; No, sb usedn’t to .eg:--- Did you use to wear glasses ?----Yes ,I did ; / No, I didn’t .eg:--- Used you to wear glasses?----Yes, I used to . / No, I usedn't.4、反义疑问句1):主语+ used to do sth , didn't + 主语?2):主语+ used to do sth , usedn't + 主语?eg: Your wife used to be a teacher, didn't she?eg: Your wife used to be a teacher, usedn't she?5、特殊句式:there used to be .... 过去常常有...... 。
2019高三英语名校试题汇编专题07动词时态和语态(学生版)一、动词时态考查要点简述1.一般现在时主要用来表示人、事物旳现在状况和特点;表示经常或习惯性旳动作,句子中常有often, always, from time to time等时间状语;表示客观规律和永恒真理等。
He usually goes to work at 7 o’clock every morning.She has a brother who lives in New York.The earth goes around the sun.Guangzhou is situated in the south of China.【典例】According to the literary review, Shakespeare his characters live through their language in his plays.A. will makeB. had madeC. was makingD. makes例:Columbus proved that the earth is round.哥伦布证实了地球是圆旳。
【典例】Next time you ____here,let’s have lunch together.A.will be B.are C.have been D.wereSo long as he works hard, I don’t mind when he finishes the experiment.只要他努力工作,我不介意他什么时候做完试验。
The harder you study, the better results you will get.2.现在进行时表说话时或目前一段时间内正在进行旳活动:或表感情色彩,加强语气。
与频率副词,如always,constantly,continually,again等连用表示说话人旳某种感情色彩(赞叹、厌烦、埋怨等)。
大学英语学习中学生被动语态的使用分析作者:唐秋园来源:《吉林省教育学院学报·上旬刊》 2015年第11期唐秋园(内蒙古民族大学大学外语教学部,内蒙古通辽028005)摘要:被动语态是英语中一个重要的语法现象,是语法教学中的一个重要部分。
本文将语法教学与学生四六级考试阅读的语篇分析结合在一起,通过对学生学习英语被动语态时经常出现的问题进行分析,旨在提高学生的语篇阅读能力。
关键词:被动语态;陈述性知识;程序性知识;错误分析DOI:10.16083/ki.22-1296/g4.2015.11.030中图分类号:H319文献标识码:A文章编号:1671—1580(2015)11—0063—03收稿日期:2015—05—15作者简介:唐秋园(1983—),女,山东文登人。
内蒙古民族大学大学外语教学部,讲师,硕士,研究方向:英语课程与教学,翻译。
交际法的倡导者Geoff Thomp说过:“学习语言必须学习语法是不言而喻的常识。
”语法能力是准确地使用语法结构合乎情境(appropriately)地表达意义(meaningfully)的能力,它是继听、说、读、写之外的第五项技能。
可见,语法对语言学习很重要,因此语法教学理应受到重视,语法教学的质量直接影响到外语教学的总体水平。
对于大学语法教学,我们则应脱离过多地注重语法规则记忆的这种形式。
它难以提供促使语言形式和语言内容相结合的机制,容易使学生忽略语法在整体篇章中的作用,使其在做阅读或写作时无法将语法知识应用于其中。
应将重点从单一的句子特征转移到句子的组合即语篇上来,帮助学生进行更有效的语法输出。
本文以被动语态为例进行展示,将语法教学与学生四六级考试真题中的语篇阅读结合起来,提高学生的语篇阅读能力。
被动语态是英语中一个重要的语法现象,是语法教学中的一个重要部分。
语态是一个反映语言使用者认识某事件的不同视角的语法范畴,主动语态反映的是语言使用者从施动者的角度,而被动语态则为受事者的角度。
初中英语被动语态教学反思
我所上的一节课是初中英语《被动语态》,在设计中,我引用环保教育导入新课,并在语法教学中插入游戏,使枯燥的语法课活泼起来,激发学生学习兴趣。
引导学生自主发现被动语态的构成,使用,以及同主动语态之间的转变。
充分体现学生主体作用。
德育贯穿始终。
效果良好。
但也存在一些不足:
1学生对于被动语态这个概念很难接受和理解。
因为一直以来都是主要用主动语态表达句子,学生在学习中有一种定向的惯性思维。
而现在接触了被动语态后,感觉运用起来总是很模糊。
2由于有些学生,原来的基础差,很多学生对于主动语态中的时态表达都没有完全掌握,现在又要来学习不同时态的被动语态,就很容易混淆起来,甚至是部分学生不懂得什么是语态和时态的概念,把两者居然搞混淆起来。
对于这些学生,我不仅需要在课堂上详细讲解被动语态的结构、含义以及用法,还需要在课后帮助他们复习以前一些基本的时态,然后让他们把不同时态的主动语态的句子变成被动语态的句子,通过反复讲解、反复练习,我希望能有一些效果。
同时,我觉得练习的难度层次需要有一个慢慢推进的过程,开始可以是简单的选择题,然后填空题,然后改写句子,然后是翻译句子。
总的来说,学生学习被动语态是个非常生疏的问题,英语这门课程本身就需要不断地反复强调和反复练习,由于初中缺乏英语学习的环境和
背景,平时的学习和生活中练习的机会少之又少,所以我们只有通过在课堂上不断地、反复地加强练习和巩固,才能有所收获。
Unit 6 When was it invented?一.教材分析本单元涉及内容是本书当中比较重要的一部分。
被动语态结构及运用是教学中一个难点和重点,也是学生比较不容易理解的部分,因为它是建立在各种时态之上的。
另外通过对我们熟悉经常使用的发明物的历史来开阔眼界,丰富学生的阅历,使学生养成勤于思考,善于总结的好习惯。
二、教学目标1)知识目标扩容新单词,提高阅读能力。
理解和良好运用被动语态。
2)技能目标能谈论重要发明的历史及用途,能针对各项发明的用处及特点,发表自己的看法,并说明理由。
3)情感目标使学生懂得人类的科学发明创造了丰富的物质文明。
培养学生的创造发明的能力和愿望三、教学重点掌握一般过去时的被动语态四、教学难点弄清主动语态与被动语态的差异,通过练习和运用加以巩固五、教法运用本单元主要采用任务型教学。
在本课的任务型语言教学中,我将依据课程的总体目标并结合教学内容,创造性地设计贴近学生生活实际的任务活动,吸引和组织他们积极参与,使学生通过观察、思考、讨论、交流和合作等方式,在一种自然、真实或模拟真实的情境中体会语言、掌握语言的应用。
六、教学手段1)多媒体辅助:使用自制的课件,使抽象的语言变得直观,为学生运用英语进行交际创设情景,实现师生互动,生生互动和人机互动的多向交流。
2)非测试性评价:重视形成性评价,充分发挥其积极作用,促进新的评价体系的形成。
因此,本课我将各种活动设计成小组活动并开展小组竞赛和填写课堂自我评价表等非测试性评价手段,帮助学生学会自主学习,学会与人合作,培养创新意识以及具备科学的价值观。
七、教学效果预测;1.能够掌握被动语态,并运用到一定的语言环境。
2.通过多媒体和任务的完成学生会突破难点,产生一定创造精神。
3.能完成教学目标,调动学生学习热情。
八、课时安排:6课时九、教学程序Period One Section A 1 (1a-2d)一、教学目标:1. 语言知识目标:1) 能掌握以下单词: heel, scoop, electricity, style, project, pleasure, zipper,daily, website, pioneer, list, mention能掌握以下句型:①—When was the telephone invented?—I think it was invented in 1876.②—What are they used for? —They are used for seeing at night.2) 能谈论物品被发明的时间、发明者,表达某发明的用途。
被动语态 The Passive Voice by ZhaoQing ZhouChan and Liu Guomei
被动语态的基本结构为be +done。 不同时态的被动语态的差别在于be 的不同时态形式。
下面为最常用的八种时态的被动语态。 1. 一般现在时:am/is/are +过去分词 Garlic(大蒜)is grown in my hometown. 2. 一般过去时:was/ were+过去分词 Tom was killed in a car accident. 3. 一般将来时:shall/ will be + 过去分词 Your job will be kept open for your return. The meeting will be put off. 4. 过去将来时:should / would be + 过去分词 She hoped that she would be given a more suitable job. He knew he would be punished for his mistake. 5. 现在进行时:am/ is /are being + 过去分词 He is being interviewed now. Keep silent! The weather report is being broadcast(广播). 6. 过去进行时:was/ were/ being+过去分词 We couldn’t use the reading-room. It was being repaired. The house was being painted(油漆) when we arrived at his home. 7. 现在完成时:have/ has been + 过去分词 All the preparations have been completed and we are ready to start. The house has been washed away in the storm. 8. 过去完成时:had been+ 过去分词 When we got to the cinema, all the tickets had been sold out. The floor looked clean. It had been cleaned.
另:含情态动词的被动语态由 情态动词+ be+ 过去分词构成 The problem must be solved immediately. More attention(注意力) should be paid to practicing speaking English.
应注意的问题 1. 不能用于被动语态的动词 一般来说,只有及物动词才有被动语态,但也有少数及物动词不能用于被动语态。如: 单词 have, leave, become, cost, enter, reach, benefit, lack 等. 短语 take place, lose heart, break out, belong to, consist of 等 When we reached a valley, it became much warmer. Life consists of not only sunshine but also hard times. 2. 主动形式表示被动意义 ① 某些系动词taste, feel, look, smell, sound, prove 等与形容词连用时。 The flowers smells sweet. The water felt cool when I jumped into the pool.
② 某些不及物动词sell, wash, read, write, wear, play等与副词well, easily 等连用时。 His novel is selling well. The cloth washes easily.
③ 某些不及物动词open, shut, start, act, keep, move等与can’t, won’t , doesn’t 等连用时。 The shop doesn’t open on Sunday. The door won’t close.
一.根据句意填空 1. 我已经将鼠标正确的连接(连接)到了电脑上。 The mouse _______ ________ _________ to the computer correctly. 2. 这本书已被翻译成了很多种文字 This book _______ _________ translated into many languages. 3. 这项任务还没有完成 The task ______ _______ ________ __________ yet. 4. 这所学校盖了几幢楼了? How many buildings _______ _______ ________ in this school? 5. --- Why does Linda look so unhappy? --- She __was laughed at______ (被嘲笑)by her classmates. 6. Three power station __has been built______(已建成) in my hometown since 1980. 7. The two books have not been taken away (未被拿走)by him. 8. The book has been translated into 102 languages since first published. 二.把下列句子改成被动句 1. Everybody called her Big Sister. She ______ _________ Big Sister ______ _______. 2. They will put up a notice on the wall. A notice ______ _______ _______ ________ on the wall. 3. I have never heard of such a thing before. Such a thing ______ _______ _______ ______ ______ before. 4. We must take good care of the children here The children ______ ______ _______ good care of here. 5. His classmates laughed at him for the foolish mistake. He ______ _______ _______ for the foolish mistake by his classmates. 6. At last they put out the fire. At last _____ _______ ________ ______ ________. 7. I have told him about it for many times. He _______ ________ _________ about it for many times. 8. The new school will be built here. 改成否定句 改成疑问句
三.翻译下列句子 (用现在完成时态的被动语态) 1. 我的手表正在修。
2. 你的信已经收到了 四.选择题 方法点拨:测试语态实际上也同时在测试时态。在做设计动词的时态和语态的单项选择题时,分两步走:先确定语态,然后再敲定时态。如果主语是动作的执行者,就用主动语态;如果主语是动作的承受者,则用被动语态。 1. Tom keeps telling his students that the future _______ to the well-educated. A. belongs B. is belonged to C. is belonging D. will be belonged 2. The flower _________ sweet. A. is smelled B. smelling C. smells D. was smelling 3. The cloth________ easily. A. is washed B. washes C. is washing D. has been washed 4. His sister left home in 1998, and ______ since. A. had not been heard of B. has not been heard of C. had not heard of D. has not heard of 5. --- Why does the lake smell terrible? ---- Because large quantities of water______ A. have polluted B. is being polluted C. has been polluted D. have been polluted 6. --- Why don’t we choose that road to save time? --- The bridge to it __________ A. has repaired B. is repaired C. is being repaired D. will be repaired 7. He ________ as a national hero for winning the first gold medal for his country in the Olympic. A. regarded B. was regarded C. has regarded D. had been regarded. 8. They are living with their parents for the moment because their own house _________ A. is being rebuilt B. has been rebuilt C. is rebuilt D. has rebuilt 9. ---- Have you heard about that fire in the market? ---- Yes, fortunately no one ________ A. hurt B. was hurt C. has hurt D. had been hurt