高中语法——独立主格结构
独立主格结构是由一个相当于主语的名词或代词加上非谓语动词、形容词（副）词、或介词短语构成的一种独立成分。
一、独立主格结构的构成形式
1、逻辑主语+V-ing
这种构成形式内部的逻辑主语是分词的动作执行者，分词表示的动作不是整句主语发出的动作，而是其逻辑主语发出的动作。如：
(1). Such being the case, I couldn’t help but support him.
(2). Silver is the best conductor of electricity, copper following it closely.
(3). Weather permitting, they decided to go for an outing.
(4). There being no buses, we had to walk home after work yesterday.
(5). The thief fell to the ground, his left foot broken and blood running down from his mouth.
(6). Time permitting, we could have done it better.
(7). It being noisy, she couldn’t make herself heard clearly.
(8). It being too late, he couldn’t find himself any taxis.
(9). It being fine, we will go climbing.
(10). The Green’s has been broken into th ree times, each resulting in their great loss.
(11)The thieves ran away separately, each carrying a bag.
1. __________no bus, we had to walk home.
A. There being
B. Being
C. Having been
D. There was
2. _______no bus, we had to walk home.
A. As there being
B. As there was
C. Being
D. There was
3. _______Sunday, the library doesn't open.
A. Being
B. There being
C. It being
D. Having been
4. ______Sunday, the library doesn't open.
A. As it being
B. Being
C. It is
D. As it is
2、逻辑主语+V-ed
该构成形式内部的逻辑主语是分词的动作承受者。如：
(1). His eyes still fixed on the map, he did some serious thinking.
(2). The boy stood at the table, his eyes fixed on the food in the plate.
(3). The job finished, we went home straight away.
(4). The sum added, we will have enough money for the trip.
(5). The actress looked pure and fresh, dressed in a white shirt and army trousers, her hair done up in pigtails.
1. _________, the train started.
A. The signal given
B. Giving the signal
C. The signal being given
D. The signal giving
2. __________, the train started.
A. After having given the signal
B. After the signal given
C. Giving the signal
D. After the signal was given
3. _________, the text became easier for us to learn.
A. Explaining new words
B. New words explained
C. Being explained new words
D. Having explained new words
4. ______________, the text became easier for us to learn.
A. When new words were explained
B. Explaining new words
C. New words explaining
D. Being explained new words
3、逻辑主语+形容词（副词）
该结构相当于一个未带动词的“主—系—表”结构。如：
(1). He entered the room, his nose red with colD.
(2). He sat in the front row,his mouth half open.
(3). Dinner over, we decided to play bridge.
(4). Father away, he played games with his friends.
1. ___________, the patient can leave the hospital.
A. Better conditions
B. Conditions better
C. Conditions are better
D. Being better conditions
2. _________, the patient can leave the hospital.
A. If better conditions
B. If conditions better
C. If conditions are better
D. Being better conditions
3. ________, we’d like to go outing.
A. Being Sunday
B. Sunday OK
C. Sunday is OK
D. If Sunday OK
4. ___________, we’d like to go outing.
A. If Sunday is OK
B. Sunday being OK
C. Sunday OK
D. A,B and C
5. _________, you can wait a while.
A. The play being still on
B. The play still on C Being still on the play D. A and B
