(完整word版)2019北京西城区高三二模英语及答案

2020年北京市西城区高三二模英语试题（解析版）2020西城区高三模拟测试（二）英语试题本试卷共11页，120分。

考试时长100分钟。

考生务必将答案写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。

考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。

在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

During a trip to New York City, Alabama woman Mary Anderson ___1___ (notice) a trolley driver couldn’t see well when it was snowing. At that point, drivers had to open the window ___2___ (clear) it, letting snow and rain into the vehicle. As a solution, Anderson designed and patented wood and rubber arms ___3___ would push rain and snow off the window at the pull of a lever (控制杆). But she was told her ___4___ (invent) was distracting and impractical, and she never profited from her design.【答案】1. noticed2. to clear3. that/which4. invention【解析】这是一篇记叙文。

该段落主要描写了Mary Anderson发明汽车挡风玻璃雨刮器，但被认为是不切实际的发明。

2020北京西城高三二模英语第一部分:知识运用(共两节，45分)第一节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。

在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

AMia rushed home and threw open the front door. Her mother turned around, surprised that Mia was home from school so early. “I won first place in the art contest!” she said (1) pride and raised her head, expecting praise. Though Mia (2) (work) eagerly on her art submission for weeks, her mother wasn’t sure (3) the project involved. “That’s wonderful, Mia! What was the subject of your art project?” her mother asked. Smiling from ear to ear, Mia handed over her artwork. It was a portrait of her mother.BA study found that adults aged 18 to 33 checked their smartphones 85 times a day, or once every 10 minutes. As I learned during my experiment, (4) (place) some distance between myself and my device helped me devote myself to my work more (5) (easy). By not having my smartphone, my distraction (消遣) time went down and thus my work time (6) (spend) more efficiently and effectively. On numerous occasions, I found (7) (I) wondering what to do with the afternoon since I had already completed my high-impact tasks for the day. With the extra time, I can finally enjoy the pleasures of life.CIn June 2012, China’s first manned deep-sea submersible(潜水器), Jiaolong, set a world diving record for submersibles of its kind by reaching a (8) (deep) of 7,062 meters in the Mariana Trench in the Pacific Ocean. In 2017, China successfully tested a submersible (9) (call) Shenhai Yongshi, capable of diving 4,500 meters. (10) much of Jiaolong’s equipment was imported, about 95 percent of Shenhai Yongshi and its core components were produced domestically, said Xu Qinan, the chief designer of Jiaolong.第二节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，共30分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

D002 • 00015 （专卡）绝密★启用前2019年10月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语（二）（课程代码00015）本试卷共8页，满分100分，考试时间150分钟。

考生答卷前必须将自己的姓名和准考证号写在答题卡上。

必须在答题卡上答题，写在试卷上的答案无效。

第一部分：阅读判断（第1〜10题，每题1分，共10分）下面的短文后列出了10个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，选择C。

在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。

To Lease （租赁）or Not to LeasePlanning to lease a car because you don’t think you can afford to buy? Think again. Leasing can end up being just as expensive as buying.Most people think about leasing because they believe it will cost them less money. They're right—it is cheaper, but only in the short term. For example, if you were to lease a new Subaru Forester, vou might pay $300 per month for the car. If you were to buy the same O常年邊讀版信Y 13929557car, you would pay about $400 per month. Over a three-year lease, you would save $3,600—a big savings. But after your lease is over, you have to give the car back.Many people want to lease because they can drive a more expensive car than they might otherwise be able to afford. For example, if you spend $300 monthly on a car, you might be able to lease a new Ford Explorer. For the same price, you might have to buy a used Explorer, or buy a new but much less expensive model. A lease, therefore, allows you to drive the latest models of more expensive cars. However, whatever car you can afford to buy, you get to keep it, and it will always have a resell or trade-in （以旧换新）value if you want to upgrade to anew car later.D002 • 00015英语（二）试题第1页（共8页）英语（二）试题第2页（共8页）Furthermore, people who lease cars are often shocked by how much they must pay when the lease is over. Most leases limit you to a certain number of miles. If you go over that, you must pay for each mile. As a result, you may end up paying thousands of dollars in mileage （里程）fees. In addition, when you lease, you have to pay for regular maintenance and repairs to the vehicle. Since you must return the car finally, you are paying to repair someone else’s car.By now, the benefits of buying over leasing should be clear. Remember: whatever model you can afford to buy, it is yours aft er you make the payments. There’s no giving back, and that makes all the difference.1. People usually think leasing a car can save money.A. TrueB. False 2. Leasing a car costs less in the long term. A. TrueB. False 3. More people like to lease cars than before. A. TrueB. False 4. People can lease a car they cannot afford. A. TrueB. False 5. Young people prefer to lease the latest models of cars.A. TrueB. False 6. Ford Explorer is the most popular model in the leasingmarket.A. TrueB. FalseC. Not Given7. People often pay more than they expect for a lease. A. TrueB. FalseC. Not Given 8. People need to pay for each mile they drive during the lease. A. TrueB. FalseC. Not Given 9. Leasing companies pay for repairs to the leased cars. A. TrueB. FalseC. Not Given 10. The author advises people to buy an affordable car. A. True B. False C. Not Given 第二部分：阅读选择（第11〜15题，每题2分，共10分）阅读下面短文，请从短文后所给各题的4个选项（A 、B 、C 、D ）中选出1个最佳 选项，并在答题卡相应位置上将该项涂黑。

2020届北京市西城区高三二模英语试题一、用单词的适当形式完成短文1. 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。

在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

During a trip to New York City, Alabama woman Mary Anderson 【小题1】 (notice) a trolley driver couldn’t see well when it was snowing. At that point, drivers had to open the window 【小题2】 (clear) it, letting snow and rain into the vehicle. As a solution, Anderson designed and patented wood and rubber arms 【小题3】 would push rain and snow off the window at the pull of a lever (控制杆). But she was told her 【小题4】 (invent) was distracting and impractical, and she never profited from her design.2. 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。

在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

The red-crowned crane (鹤) is one of the 【小题1】 (large) cranes in the world, standing at about 150cm tall. Its feathers are as white as snow, except for some black ones on its face, neck and wings. Its unique feature, from which it gets its name, is the bright red skin on the top of its head. The red-crowned crane 【小题2】 (find) in China, Russia, Mongolia, Japan and the Korean Peninsula (半岛). In China, it spends the warmer months in the rivers and wetlands in the north-east. 【小题3】 the weather gets cold, it migrates to east-central China. The red-crowned crane is a symbol of long life and good luck in Chinese culture.3. 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。

2019-2020学年北京密云二中高三英语二模试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AIn his 402nd anniversary year, Shakespeare is still rightly celebrated as a great language master and writer. But he was not the only great master of play writing to die in 1616, and he is certainly not the only writer to have left a lasting influence on theater.While less known worldwide, Tang Xianzu is considered one of Chinas greatest playwrights and is highly spoken of in that country of ancient literary and dramatic traditions.Tang was born in 1550 inLinchuan,Jiangxiprovince. Unlike Shakespeare's large body of plays,poems and sonnets (十四行诗), Tang wrote only four major plays: The Purple Hairpin, Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》), A Dream under the Southern bough, and Dream of Handan. The latter three were constructed around a dream narrative, a way through which Tang unlocked the emotional dimension of human desires and ambitions and explored human nature beyond the social and political limits of that time.Similar to Shakespeare, Tang's success rode the wave of a renaissance (复兴) in theater as an artistic practice. As in Shakespeare'sEngland, Tang's works became hugely popular inChinatoo. During Tang'sChina, his plays were enjoyed performed, and changed. Kunqu Opera, a form of musical drama, spread from southernChinato the whole nation and became a symbol of Chinese culture. Combining northern tune and southern music, kunqu Opera was known for its poetic language, music, dance movements and gestures. Tang's works benefited greatly from the popularity of kunqu Opera, and his plays are considered classics of kunqu Opera.While Tang and Shakespeare lived in a world away from each other, there are many things they share in common, such e humanity of their drama, their heroic figures, their love for poetic language, a lasting popularity and the anniversary during which we still celebrate them.1. Why is Shakespeare mentioned in the first paragraph?A. To describe Shakespeare's anniversary.B. To introduce the existence of Tang Xianzu.C. To explain the importance of Shakespeare.D. To suggest the less popularity of Tang Xianzu.2. What's possibly one of the main theme of Tang's works?A. Social reality.B. Female dreams.C. Human emotions.D. Political environment.3. What does the author mainly tell us in Paragraph 4?A. The influence of Kunqu Opera on Tang's works.B. Tang's success in copying Shakespeare's styles.C. The way Kunqu Opera became a symbol of Chinese culture.D. Tang's popularity for his poetic language and music.BPaper is an important part of modern life. People use it in school, at work, to make artwork and books, to wrap presents and much more. Trees are the most common material for paper these days.So how do people make paper out of trees today? People first cut trees, load them onto trucks and bring them to a factory. Machines cut open the outer coverings of the trees, and cut the trees into pieces. Those pieces are boiled into a soup. After that, it is hit flat, dried and cut up into sheets of paper.The entire process, from planting a small tree to buying your school notebook, takes a very long time. Just growing the trees takes 10 to 20 years.Making tons of paper from trees can harm the planet. Humans cut down 80, 000 to 160,000 trees around the world every day, and use many of them to make paper. Some of those trees come from tree farms. But people also cut down forests for paper, which means that animals and birds lose their homes.Cutting forests down also contributes to climate change, and paper factories pollute the air. After you throw paper, it often takes the paper six to nine years to break down. That's why recycling is important. It saves a lot of trees, slows climate change and helps protect endangered animals, birds and all creatures that rely on forests for their homes and food.So if paper isn't good for the environment, why don't people write on something else?The answer: They do. With computers, tablets and cellphones, people use much less paper than in the past. Maybe a day will come when we won't use paper at all — or will save it for very special books and artworks.4. What can we know about making paper out of trees?A. It costs much money.B. It takes a lot of time.C. It is very easy and fast.D. It is dangerous and difficult.5. What is the impact of paper production?A. It promotes the recycling.B. It does harm to the environment.C. It slows down the climate change.D. It protects the animals from losing homes.6. How will we use paper someday in the future according to the text?A. Use it for books only.B. Use the recycled paper.C. Treasure it occasionally.D. Use it for artworks.7. What idea does the author want to express from the text?A. The influence of making paper on environment.B. The wonderful experience of making paper.C. The necessary process of making paper.D. The good reasons for making paper.CLight pollution is a significant but overlooked driver of the rapid decline of insect populations, according to the most comprehensive review of the scientific evidence to date.Artificial light at night can affect every aspect of insects' lives, the researchers said. "We strongly believe artificial light at night — in combination with habitat loss, chemical pollution.invasive (入侵的) species, and climate change — is driving insect declines, " the scientists concluded after assessing more than 150 studies.Insect population collapses have been reported around the world, and the first global scientific review published in February,said widespread declines threatened to cause a "catastrophic collapse of nature's ecosystems".There are thought to be millions of insect species, most still unknown to science, and about half are active at night. Those active in the day may also be disturbed by light at night when they are at rest.The most familiar impact of light pollution is moths (飞蛾) flapping around a bulb, mistaking it for the moon. Some insects use the polarisation of light to find the water they need to breed, as light waves line up after reflecting from a smooth surface. But artificial light can scupper (使泡汤) this. Insects areimportant prey (猎物) for many species, but light pollution can tip the balance in favour of the predator if it traps insects around lights. Such increases in predation risk were likely to cause the rapid extinction of affected species, the researchers said.The researchers said most human-caused threats to insects have analogues in nature, such as climate change and invasive species. But light pollution is particularly hard for insects to deal with.However, unlike other drivers of decline, light pollution is ly easy to prevent. Simply turning off lights that arenot needed is the most obvious action, he said, while making lights motion-activated also cuts light pollution. Shading lights so only the area needed is lit up is important. It is the same with avoiding blue-white lights, which interfere with daily rhythms. LED lights also offer hope as they can be easily tuned to avoid harmful colours and flicker rates.8. What is discussed in the passage?A. Causes of declining insect populations.B. Consequences of insect population collapses.C. Light pollution: the key bringer of insect declines.D. Insect declines: the driver of the collapsed ecosystem.9. What is the 5th paragraph mainly about?A. How light travels in space.B. How light helps insects find food.C. How the food chain is interrelated.D. How light pollution affects insects.10. What does the underlined word"analogues"in Paragraph 6probably mean?A. Selective things.B. Similar things.C. Variations.D. Limitations.11. What is the purpose of the last paragraph?A. To offer solutions.B. To give examples.C. To make comparisons.D. To present arguments.DWith graduation days being celebrated all over the country, a student who has to use a wheelchair honored his mother on his graduation day in a special way. Easley High School graduate, Alex Mays surprised people present when he got up and walked across the stage at Clemson's Littlejohn Coliseum.“I was really happy—it made me feel good,” Alex said.Alex was not given a chance to live right from his birth. He was born at 25 weeks and weighed just 1 pound, 10 ounces at birth. When he was very young, he had a disease and lost the ability to walk. After his mother's death in 2013, Alex had several other difficult life changes until he came to live with his grandparents, Dousay and her husband, Dewayne. Dousay said that when Alex came to live with them, they decided to bring him up in thebest possible way they could.Last fall, Alex said that he would walk across the stage to get his diploma to honor his late mother. He practiced hard and worked with a physical therapist for 9 months to complete his plan.The only help Alex got was from his mom's best friend, Tonya Johnson, who pushed his wheelchair to the stage wearing one of his mother's favorite shirts. “I had support from my family. I couldn't have done it without them,” Alex said.“Alex made everyone in the building feel encouraged that day” Pickens County School District public information specialist John Eby said. “The school teachers knew he was going to get up to get his diploma, but the distance he walked was a surprise, even to them,” Eby said.“Some of life's most important tests aren’t given in a classroom; Alex tested himself and passed with flying color1 s,” Eby added.12. In what way did Alex honor his late mother on his graduation day?A. By dressing like her.B. By saying sorry to her.C. By inviting her best friend.D. By walking to get his diploma.13. What can we learn from Paragraph 3?A. Alex was born healthy.B. Alex went through a lot.C. Alex had a purpose in life as a child.D. Alex has lived with his grandparents all the time.14. What did Alex also express on his graduation day?A. His big regret in life.B. His feelings for hisschool.C. His thanks for his family.D. His will to complete his study.15. Which of the following words can best describe Alex?A. Strong-minded.B. Warm-hearted.C. Cool-headed.D. Easy-going.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020西城区高三模拟测试（二）英语试题本试卷共11页，120分。

考试时长100分钟。

考生务必将答案写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。

考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。

在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

During a trip to New York City, Alabama woman Mary Anderson ___1___ (notice) a trolley driver couldn’t see well when it was snowing. At that point, drivers had to open the window___2___ (clear) it, letting snow and rain into the vehicle. As a solution, Anderson designed and patented wood and rubber arms ___3___ would push rain and snow off the window at the pull of a lever (控制杆). But she was told her ___4___ (invent) was distracting and impractical, and she never profited from her design.【答案】1. noticed2. to clear3. that/which4. invention【解析】这是一篇记叙文。

该段落主要描写了Mary Anderson发明汽车挡风玻璃雨刮器，但被认为是不切实际的发明。

【1题详解】考查时态。

句意：在在在在在在在在在在在在在在在在在在在·在在在在在在在在在在在在在在在在在在在在在。

2019年北京海淀区高三二模英语试卷一、语法填空（每题1.5分，共10题，计15分）1.To me, the most beautiful thing is the ocean. It is beautiful because it has a calmingeffect. When 1 （listen） to the sound of the waves, I feel peaceful. 2 the age of 10, I went to the beach for the first time. With my feet in the water, I felt totally relaxed, and the sound of the ocean really 3 （comfort） me. From then on, I often dream of floating in the ocean, feeling carefree.2.Discovering yourself plays 1 important role in inspiring your confidence. Bydoing so, you could know 2 you are weak in. And you may also realize you're quite a great person with great strengths. So when you're in a hard situation, you will believe in 3 （you） and spend the most difficult time with confidence. Otherwise you may give up and then lose everything. Therefore, the ability 4 （trust）yourself will decide your future a lot.th3.The year 2018 marks the 40anniversary of China's reform and opening-up. Thepast four decades has seen China shift its society from a farmers' community to a digital culture 1 （successful）. Under the leadership of CPC, many 2 （achievement） can be seen in every field. The life of the Chinese people has improved, with millions of people being lifted out of poverty. The country now has the world's 3 （large） high-speed rail network. And with around 800 million Internet users, China has become the world's fastest-growing online shopping market.二、完形填空（每题1.5分，共20题，计30分）4.I was studying chemistry at college because my family thought it was the key tosuccess. One day, my professor took me aside and asked a very simple question, "Why are you in my class when it's obvious that you have little or no 1 in chemistry? "I came up with an explanation by 2 pressure from my dad, but he knew it wasjust a /an 3 excuse. He gave me the following advice.1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7."Success can only be measured by oneself, and each of us is 4 . Your successwill not be the same as mine, as your neighbor's or your parents'. There is no secret formula（公式）, no examination you have to 5 , and no guarantee, but there is a secret ingredient— 6 . To be successful in life in the broadest sense, you must pursue your passion. 7 it is fixing cars or exploring the world, you must be passionate about your 8 and set a path to achieve it. Only then will you find true 9 ."Since I was just nineteen years old, that was pretty profound advice to 10 , but I knew instinctively （本能地）that he was 11 . I made a conscious self-examination of my short life to 12 where my passion was hiding. It was so 13 that even my kid sister could have told me my true passion was music. It was in my genes. I could play the piano by ear, but had 14 considered music as a hobby.Could I be a successful musician? Or asongwriter? Or a music critic? There was only oneway to find out, so I took myprofessor's 15 and switched to theuniversity's music school. I studied harmony andcomposition, learned how to play a clarinet（单簧管） and 16 the symphony orchestra. I felt as though I was on top of the world, and that 17 has never left me.I'm now fifty-four years old, and a very happy and 18 man. As I look at the walls of my small office, I still get a thrill at seeing the records I 19 , the photos of the famous musicians I was lucky enough to play with, and the praises from many of the finest instrumentalists in the world who I am honored to call my friends.Life was a long journey, and not a/an 20 one, but I followed my passion and succeeded.A.achievementB.doubtC.interestD.beliefA.blamingB.gatheringC.overcomingD.reducingA.accurateB.weakC.directD.innocentA.differentB.perfectC.honestD.creativeA.designB.passC.controlD.standA.knowledgeB.confidenceC.passionD.effortA.UnlessB.BecauseC.WhileD.Whether9.10.11.12.13.14.15.16.17.18.19.20.A.fortune B.friendship C.character D.happiness A.confirm B.absorb C.remember D.seekA.sensitiveB.generousC.kindD.rightA.chooseB.reportC.discoverD.followA.likelyB.obviousC.popularD.practical A.only B.even C.never D.seldomA.messageB.lectureC.adviceD.viewA.helpedB.startedC.hostedD.joinedA.feelingB.experienceC.expressionD.appreciation A.independent B.patient C.brave D.contented A.bought B.made C.received D.copiedA.easyB.goodC.ordinaryD.safe三、阅读理解（每题2分，共15题，计30分）5.Everyone at Pacsafe is always eager to get out in the world and enjoy new cultures,food, and experiences. With that in mind we asked a few of our top travel bugs for their best travel destination recommendations for 2019. They also included their favorite Pacsafe bag to take on the trip. Enjoy and hopefully get some ideas for your own globe-trotting adventure.Sri Lanka—Alison Hanko, Global Marketing DirectorI'm going to Sri Lanka this summer holiday and can't wait. It's close to Hong Kong where I live and I've always wanted to go. The food is supposed to be amazing. It seems really relaxing and I really want to do the Kandy to Badulla train ride, which looks just stunning. We've booked a good mix of beaches, some time in a safari tent to hopefully see elephants in the wild.For my bag, I'll most likely take the Quiksilver 40L Pack because it has the built-in wet pack for my bikinis. It's also a great size for a week-long trip in a warm climate.Japan—Ben Barras, Creative DirectorJapan is definitely my best travel destination recommendation. The culture, the streets, the architecture, the inspiration you get from all of that is amazing. The food is also fascinating. It's where I'm most planning to go. Tokyo obviously, but also visiting the mountains. You can go snowboarding, which I haven't done for years.A.The Quiksilver 40L Pack.B.The Vibe 25L Backpack.C.The Quiksilver X Collab Bag.D.25L Anti-theft Backpack.（1）A.Sri Lanka. B.Japan. C.Hong Kong. D.Berlin.（2）A.Beautiful beaches.B.Amazing food.C.Fascinating art.D.Cool snowboarding.（3）A.B.C.D.（4）I have a Vibe 25L Backpack which you can pack a lot in. The thing I like most about it is that it's compact, but still fits plenty in. I'll pair that up with a larger travel bag for the rest of my things and use the backpack to get around day to day.Berlin—Phil Hayes, Executive VP of Global DesignFor me, it's definitely Berlin. I'm particularly excited about the fashion, which I hear is pretty full on. Also the art galleries and history. Food, nightlife. Everything I've heard about Berlin is pretty cool, so I'm going to suck as much as I can out of it. World's Global Style Network had the Berlin shopping list that came out recently, so I'm going to follow that through as well.Bag wise, it will be the Quiksilver X Collab Bag. It's the 25L Anti-theft Backpack. It's normally my go-to bag for city trips because it's super easy to lock on the plane and in bars, and it's just the right amount of space.Which of the Pacsafe bag is a good choice for beach travel?If you are interested in fashion, which destination should you choose?What can you enjoy in all the three places mentioned?The main purpose of the passage is to .share personal travelling experiencesoffer practical tips on taking adventurepresent cultures in different countriesrecommend favorable travel destinations6.On March 25, 2010, Kate and David heard the words every parent dreads: Theirnewborn wasn't going to make it. Their twins—a girl and a boy—were born two minutes apart and 14 weeks premature, weighing just over two pounds each. Doctors had tried to save the boy for 20 minutes but saw no improvement. His heartbeat was nearly gone,and he'd stopped breathing. The baby had just moments to live."I saw him gasp （喘息）, but the doctor said it was no use, " Kate told the Daily Mail five years later. "I know it sounds stupid, but if he was still gasping, that was a signA.B.C.D.（1）A.B.C.D.（2）A.The Power of Hug.B.The Miracle of Love.C.The Bond Between Twins.D.The Responsibility of Parents.（3）Still, the couple knew this was likely a goodbye. In an effort to cherish her last minutes with the tiny boy, Kate asked to hold him."I wanted to meet him, and for him to know us, " Kate told Today . "We'd resigned ourselves to the fact that we were going to lose him, and we were just trying to make the most of those last, precious moments."Kate unwrapped the boy, whom the couple had already named J amie, from his hospital blanket and asked David to take his shirt off and join them in bed. The first-time parents wanted their son to be as warm as possible and hoped the skin-to-skin contact would improve his condition. They also talked to him."We were trying to persuade him to stay, " Kate told the Daily Mail . "We explained his name and that he had a twin that he had to look out for and how hard we had tried to have him."Then something miraculous happened. Jamie gasped again—and then he started breathing. Finally, he reached for his father's finger.The couple's lost boy had made it."We're the luckiest people in the world, " David told Today .Eight years later, Jamie and his sister, Emily, are happy and healthy. The couple only recently told the kids the story of their birth. "Emily burst into tears, " Kate said. "She was really upset, and she kept hugging Jamie. This whole experience makes you cherish them more."What can we learn about the newborn babies?The boy's heart had stopped beating.The boy was 2 minutes older than the girl.The twins were born 14 weeks before the due date.The twins were expected to live for only 20 minutes.When the couple knew they would lose the boy, they .begged the doctor to save himtook his shirt off and then put him in bedwrapped him with his blanket to keep him warmtalked to him and made close physical contact with himWhat's the best title for the passage?7.It's common knowledge that the woman in Leonardo daVinci's most famous painting seems to look back at observers,following them with her eyes no matter where they stand in the room. But this common knowledge turns out wrong.A new study finds that the woman in the painting is actually looking out at an anglethat's 15.4 degrees off to the observer's right—well outside of the range that people normally believe when they think someone is looking right at them. In other words, said the study author, Horstmann, "She's not looking at you." This is somewhat ironic, because the entire phenomenon of a person's gaze （凝视）in a photograph or painting seeming to follow the viewer is called the "Mona Lisa effect" . That effect is absolutely real, Horstmann said. If a person is illustrated or photographed looking straight ahead, even people viewing the portrait from an angle will feel they are being looked at. As long as the angle of the person's gaze is no more than about 5 degrees off to either side, the Mona Lisa effect occurs.This is important for human interaction with on-screen characters. If you want someone off to the right side of a room to feel that a person on-screen is looking at him or her, you don't cut the gaze of the character to that side—surprisingly, doing so would make an observer feel like the character isn't looking at anyone in the room at all.Instead, you keep the gaze straight ahead.Horstmann and his co-author were studying this effect for its application in the creation of artificial-intelligence avatars（虚拟头像） when Horstmann took a long look at the "Mona Lisa" and realized she wasn't looking at him.To make sure it wasn't just him, the researchers asked 24 people to view images of the "Mona Lisa" on a computer screen. They set a ruler between the viewer and the screen and asked the participants to note which number on the ruler intersected Mona Lisa's gaze. To calculate the angle of Mona Lisa's gaze as she looked at the viewer, they moved the ruler farther from or closer to the screen during the study. Consistently, the researchers found, participants judged that the woman in the "Mona Lisa" portrait was not looking straight at them, but slightly off to their right.So why do people repeat the belief that her eyes seem to follow the viewer?Horstmann isn't sure. It's possible, he said, that people have the desire to be looked at, so they think the woman is looking straight at them. Or maybe the people who first coined the term "Mona Lisa effect" just thought it was a cool name.A.B.C.D.A. B.C. D.（2）A.B.C.D.（3）A.B.C.D.（4）attracts the viewers to look backseems mysterious because of her eyesfixes her eyes on the back of the viewerslooks at the viewers wherever they standWhat gaze range in a painting will cause the Mona Lisa effect?The experiment involving 24 people was conducted to .confirm Horstmann's beliefcreate artificial-intelligence avatarscalculate the angle of Mona Lisa's gazeexplain how the Mona Lisa effect can be appliedWhat can we learn from the passage?Horstmann thinks it's cool to coin the term "Mona Lisa effect" .The Mona Lisa effect contributes to the creation of artificial intelligence.Feeling being gazed at by Mona Lisa may be caused by the desire for attention.The position of the ruler in the experiment will influence the viewers'judgement.8.What a Messy Desk Says About YouFor some time, psychologists have been studying how personality traits affect health and health-related choices. Not surprisingly, they have found that people blessed with innate conscientiousness, meaning that they are organized and predictable,typically eat better and live longer than people who are disorderly. They also tend to have immaculate offices.A.messyB.tidyC.terriblefortable（1）（2）What has been less clear is whether neat environments can produce good habits even in those who aren't necessarily innately conscientious. To find out, researchers at the University of Minnesota conducted a series of experiments. In the first experiment,they randomly assigned a group of college-age students to spend time in two office spaces, one of which was very neat, the other wildly cluttered （乱堆） with papers and other work-related stuff. The students spent their time filling out questionnaires unrelated to the study. After 10 minutes, they were told they could leave with an apple or a chocolate bar. Those students who sat in the orderly office were twice as likely to choose the apple as those who sat among the mess.A second experiment, however, found that working in chaos has its advantages, too.In this one, college students were placed in a messy or a neat office and asked to dream up new uses for Ping-Pong balls. Those in messy spaces generated ideas that were significantly more creative, according to two independent judges, than those in offices where stacks of papers and other objects were neatly arranged.The results were something of a surprise, says Dr. Vohs, the leader of the study. Few previous studies found much virtue in disorder. The broken window theory, proposed decades ago, holds that even slight disorder and neglect can encourage indifference and poor discipline.But in the study by Dr. Vohs, disordered offices encouraged originality and a search for novelty. In the final portion of the study, adults were given the choice of adding a health "boost" to their lunchtime smoothie that was labeled either "new" or "classic".The volunteers in the messy space were far more likely to choose the new one; those in the tidy office generally chose the classic version."Disorderly environments seem to inspire breaking free of tradition, " Dr. Vohs and her co-authors conclude in the study, "which can produce fresh insights."The implications of these findings are also practical. "My advice would be, if you need to think outside the box for a future project" , Dr. Vohs says, "Then let the clutter rise and free your imagination. But if your primary goal is to eat well or to go to the gym, pick up around your office first. By doing this, the naturally messy can acquire some of the discipline of the conscientious."The underlined word "immaculate" in paragraph 1 probably means .Which of the following can best explain the broken window theory?B.C.D.A.B.C.D.（3）A.B.C.D.（4）Misfortune may be an actual blessing.Bad news has wings.When a door shuts, a window opens.Which of the following will Dr. Vohs probably agree with?More virtue exists in organized people.Creativity results from tidiness and discipline.Disorderly surroundings help to create new ideas.Workers' good habits guarantee the success of a project.What can we conclude from the study results?The naturally neat people tend to be very creative.A messy office will cause quite low working efficiency.Environments can affect people's way of thinking and behavior.People's personalities are determined by their working environments.四、七选五（每题2分，共5题，计10分）9.Exam AnxietyHas this ever happened to you? You've been studying hard for your midterm, but when you walk into your exam, your mind goes blank, your heart races fast, you get sweaty palms and find it hard to breathe. 1Everyone feels stressed during exams. Usually, it results from a fear of failure, lack of adequate preparation time and bad experiences taking tests in the past. This is normal and often helps you work harder, think faster and generally improve your performance. 2 You may also feel that other people are managing the exam better than you. This can cause you to feel that your mind has "gone blank" on information you know you have revised.3 Some choose to ignore the problem, while others don't review because they think they will do badly anyway and even miss exams due to the anxiety. It can also be really easy to think that if you don't try and then you fail, you won't feel as bad as if you fail after trying really hard.So what can you do to fight against the negative mindset and stay calm before and during your test? 4 Yes, this seems obvious, but it's worth repeating. If you feel confident that you've prepared thoroughly, you'll feel more confident walking into the test. The second tip is simple: just start. The blank page can maximize yourA.B.C.D.E.F.G.anxiety. 5 You can always go back and change things later if needed, but a few quick answers can get the ball rolling. Besides, allocating（分配） your time is equally important. Look through the whole test before getting started. Mentally allocate how much time you'll spend on each section. If there's time to recheck, even better.The first thing you should do is to be prepared.People often deal with exam stress in many unhelpful ways.If these classic signs of exam anxiety sound familiar, you're not alone!Therefore, people need an appropriate amount of pressure to help deal with exams.Realizing time is almost up and that there's still a lot of blank space will make you desperate.However, if you are overly anxious about the result, you may be unable to focus on your work.After you get the paper, dive right in by getting some questions done to build up your confidence.五、书面表达（共两题，35分）10.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，得知2020年第18届世界中学生运动会（World MiddleSchool Games） 将在中国福建晋江举行，组委会正面向全国招募志愿者。

2019年保定市高三英语模拟试题（二）参考答案听力（每小题1.5 分；满分30分）1---5ACCBA 6---10BCABA11---15CBBCA16---20CACBA阅读理解（每小题2分；满分40分）21---25 CDACD26---30 BADBC 31---35BACDA 36---40 FCGAE 完形填空（每小题1.5分；满分30分）41---45 DBCBA 46---50 CACDB 51---55 CBDAC 56---60 ADCAB语法知识填空（每小题1.5 分；满分15分）61. arrival 62.who63.as64.seen 65. and66.really 67.has doubled68. Reading69. best 70.shows短文改错（每改对一处得1分；满分10分；从第十一处起不得分）Dear Jerry,Glad to learn that you had interest in Chinese food. Here I’d like tohavetell you something about them. Thereis a wide variety of food in China.it foodsFor example, Shanghai food, a little bit sweet, differ from Sichuan fooddifferswhich is rather hot. However, every kind of Chinese food is worth trytrying because each has rich and balance nutrition. Different Chinese restaurantsbalancedusual serve different dishes. I guess the Cantonese cuisine(粤菜), it is a usually whichbit light, may suit you. I hope you can comeʌ China and experience the.toChinese food cultureLi Hua书面表达（满分25分）Dear classmates,On behalf of our school, I am writing to invite all of you in the international class to an exhibition to celebrate the 40th anniversary of China’s reform and opening-up.The exhibition will be held in our school library this weekend. At the exhibition you will enjoy various pictures and real objects of different periods, which will give you a real insight into the great changes in China. Besides, high-tech products will be on display to show the great achievements we have made. A wide range of activities are included. In particular, you are welcome to exchange your ideas about the exhibition in the meeting room at 4 pm.I believe you will be impressed and have a better understanding of our country. Looking forward to your reply.Yours,Li HuaText 1M: Jane, would you like to come to my house for dinner on Sunday? W: I’d like to, but I’m leaving for Canada on Sunday.Text 2W: Oh, dear, it’s cold today, isn’t it?M: Yes, it is. And the radio says it’s going to rain tomorrow.Text 3W: It’s 8 o’clock already. I must be off soon.M: Take your time. You still have one hour before the plane takes off. Text 4M: Can you tell me what the room is like?W: Certainly, sir. It’s on the third floor, facing the garden. It’s a nice and quiet room. I hope you’ll like it.M: That’s very nice.Text 5W: Sorry, I’m late. I got caught in a traffic jam.M: That’s what I figured. It can be really bad in the rush hour.W: Yeah, it was really slow. And there was an accident that brought it to a complete stop.Text 6M: What are you doing, Ida?W: I’m making a shopping list, Tom. We need a lot of things this week.We haven’t got much tea or coffee, and we have to buy some juice for our son although we still have enough sugar.M: What about vegetables?W: We’ve got a lot of potatoes, but we haven’t got many tomatoes. We also need some meat.M: Have we got any beer and wine?W: Yes, we still have plenty.Text 7M: Excuse me, madam. I have to go downtown. Does the No. 15 bus go directly to the City Hall?W: Yes, it does, but it only comes by every 30 minutes, or so. You’d better take the underground.M: OK, thanks. Actually, I’m here to attend a conference. I need to be downtown by 3 o’clock. So I think I’ll take your advice. Where is the nearest underground station?W: Walk straight on thi s street for a block, and you’ll see an underground station between the Plaza Hotel and the post office.Text 8M: 768-2789.W: Hello, Tina speaking. May I speak to Julia, please?M: I’m afraid she is not in at the moment. I a m her brother. Shall I take a message?W: Yes. You see, Julia and I plan to play table tennis tomorrow, but my cousin has broken my bat. I think Julia has an extra one, so please ask her to bring it for me.M: So Tina called, her table tennis bat’s broken, hopes Julia bring the extra one.W: Yes, thank you. Err, one more thing. I lent her a CD a couple of weeks ago. I think she has probably forgotten it all together. Could you possibly ask her to bring along that CD as well?M: OK, bring along Tina’s CD.W: Thank you very much, bye.M: Bye.Text 9W: What was your childhood like?M: As a boy, I enjoyed all the sports and I read a lot. I liked making friends.W: Where did you study?M: At 17, I won a scholarship to a college in the northern states. Then I left there in 1960.W: What was life in the northern states like? Were you accustomed to it? M: People of different colors lived together. The area was not fully developed. The blacks were not equally treated. People of different races were not friendly to each other. And most of them were not very nice tooutsiders.W: I know you won the Nobel Prize. What kind of Nobel Prize did you win?M: Well, I won the Nobel Prize for Peace. That was in 1986.W: What did you do with the Nobel Prize?M: I gave all the money to the Freedom Movement.W: It's very nice to talk with you, sir. Do you mind if I take a photo with you?M: Not at all.Text 10W: Do you have trouble sleeping at night？Then maybe this is for you. When you worry about getting to sleep, keeping turning around and trying to find a com fortable position, you’re probably only making matters worse. What happens when you do that is that your heart rate actually increases, making it more difficult to relax.You may also have some bad habits that contribute to the problem. Do you rest frequently during the day？Do you get almost no exercise, or do you exercise too much late in the day？Do you sleep a lot or sleep late on weekends？Any of these facts might be leading to your sleeplessness by disturbing your body’s natural clock. What should yo u do then on those sleepless nights？Don’t bother with sleeping pills. They can actually make it worse later.The best thing to do is to drink milk or eat cheese or tuna fish. They are all rich in one kind of acid and help produce a chemical that causes sleep. This will help you relax, and you'll be on the way to get a good night’s sleep.。

2019年北京丰台区高三二模英语试卷-学生用卷一、语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）1、【来源】 2019年北京丰台区高三二模（A篇）第1~3题4.5分(每题1.5分)There was a farmer who always sold a pound of butter to a baker. One day the baker decided to weigh the butter to see if he was getting a pound and found that he was not. Thisangered1（he）, so he took the farmer to court. The judge asked the farmer2he had a measuring tool. The farmer replied, "I have a pair of scale. I have been buying a pound of bread from him. When the baker3（bring） me the bread, I always put it on my scale and give him the same weight of butter."2、【来源】 2019年北京丰台区高三二模（B篇）第4~6题4.5分(每题1.5分)Parrots are found in countries like Brazil, Australia and India. They usuallylive1large groups and because they like to eat fruit, they are sometimes a problem for farmers. There are different kinds of parrots, but they all have strong beaks and feet, which they use for2（climb） and holding food. The biggest parrots can live for up to 80 years. They are3（noise）, but they are clever birds and it is easy to teach them to talk. Some zoos have parrot shows, where you can see the birds doing things they have learned.3、【来源】 2019年北京丰台区高三二模（C篇）第7~10题6分(每题1.5分)Kite flying is popular around China. It is known as zhiyuan, as kites were made ofpaper1when they fly, they are like eagles.Kites2(use) for military purpose in the beginning. Later kite flying gradually became a very popular recreational activity. In the past, people3(fasten) a bamboo-made whistle onto a kite. While flying through the wind, it made sound like themusic4(produce) by guzheng, a traditional Chinese musical instrument. Therefore, it has its modern name as fengzheng.二、完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，共30分）4、【来源】 2019年北京丰台区高三二模第11~30题30分Counting the votes took about five minutes, but it seemed like an hour for me. Captain of the cheerleaders is quite an honor. At least that's what I was1.As Coach Maguire appeared, all eyes zeroed in2her."Girls, " she began. "It's my pleasure to announce that Terry Shaw has been elected Captain of the cheerleading team. " A great cheer was heard throughout the gym.How3this be? I hadn't4 a practice, or a game, in the three years. Was everyone blind? Didn't they realize that I had worked three yearsto5the title?All the way home, I sobbed. The next morning, I held my uniform close to me. I knew Icouldn't6. As heartbroken as I was, my true lovewas7with my teammates.How very8it was to go to that first practice after Terry had been named captain. When I arrived, Terry asked me if I had any ideas on how to improve our routines and talked about how we could make the team better. We? Was she kidding? I just wantedto9her and she kept making it harder and harder for me to do that. It wasn't just that she showed interest in me—her interest was warm and10.Terry always made sure to11me when discussing changes in our routine and eventually I12myself and we grew to be very close friends.At the end of the year, the annual Sports Award Banquet was organized. We decorated the hall, talking about all the good times we had13during our last year together. I just wanted to14that moment in time.Later in the evening we arrived and listened as the various trophies were awarded to the most valuable player of each sports team. Of course the team captains all received trophies too. Withgreat15I cheered for Terry.Just as Terry walked off the stage, Coach Maguire stepped up to the microphone again and announced that there was one final trophy to be awarded. The cheerleading "Spirit Award" would now be presented to the girl who showed the most dedicated16.When I heard my name announced I imagined I was as17. Terry was coming toward me. We hugged each other, and Terry whispered,"Nobody18this more than you. "Terry never knew that quitting was all I had on my mind the day she was named captain. She read the19in my shallow words of congratulations and embraced me in spite ofmyself, planting tiny seeds of kindness and respect. From her effort grewa20that, to this day, I hold close to my heart.A. expectingB. offeringC. regrettingD. designingA. forB. onC. withD. aboutA. daredB. wouldC. mightD. couldA. watchedB. acceptedC. missedD. followedA. holdB. earnC. giveD. defendA. quitB. delayC. practiseD. replyA. competingB. studyingC. cheeringD. communicatingA. hardB. pleasantC. normalD. unforgettableA. persuadeB. inspireC. frightenD. hateA. wideB. genuineC. properD. funnyA. teachB. praiseC. controlD. includeA. punishedB. hidC. overcameD. embarrassedA. wastedB. sharedC. neededD. foundA. freezeB. recallC. spareD. chooseA. confidenceB. politenessC. enthusiasmD. curiosityA. effortB. trustC. memoryD. attentionA. nervousB. shockedC. determinedD. proudA. doubtsB. completesC. deservesD. requiredA. admirationB. sympathyC. courageD. disappointmentA. beliefB. challengeC. promiseD. friendship三、阅读理解（共15小题，每小题2分，共30分）5、【来源】 2019年北京丰台区高三二模（A篇）第31~33题6分(每题2分)2019~2020学年北京东城区北京市东直门中学高一上学期期中（B篇）第55~57题6分(每题2分)At Beaver Creek, The Extraordinary Awaits YouAre no two snowflakes alike? The snowflakes we see in the winter are most likely completely unique from one other.Beaver Creek is a great place to experience the beauty of the snow, with programs for everyone—from children, teens, and women-only lessons to small groups and private-guided experiences.First Track, from Beaver Creek Reserve, lets you be the first on the mountain, with an adventure that begins at 7:30 a.m. when you are met by ski professionals and taken on a private, guided tour—before the mountain is open to the public. Once you have skied, you are treated to a delicious breakfast at Allie's Cabin.If you are looking for a higher level of comfort there is the White Carpet Club, from Beaver Creek Reserve. Located in the heart of Beaver Creek Village, it maximizes your time on the mountain by streamlining your access to it. At the club, there are private lockers and boot dryers, along with preferred self-parking and a slope-side ski waiter. A receptionist can assist with lift tickets, pass purchases, dinner reservations, and activity recommendations.Of course, there is more to explore during the winter in Beaver Creek as well. There is ice skating, snowshoeing, shopping, and spas—you name it, Beaver Creek has it. It is the perfect place to take advantage of the snow and be in the moment, in the mountains, together.The extraordinary is a rare combination of one-of-a-kind experiences designed to be shared with service that exceeds expectation. The extraordinary brings you closer to one another and offers a special place to belong together. Belong in The Extraordinary.(1) First Track can offer visitors.A. an early visitB. an ice skating showC. a tasty lunchD. a free skiing lesson(2) What is the White Carpet Club special for?A. Skillful trainers.B. Quiet living experience.C. Thoughtful service.D. Good views over the mountain.(3) The passage is written to.A. attract visitorsB. compare different programsC. appeal for sportsD. introduce training courses6、【来源】 2019年北京丰台区高三二模（B篇）第34~37题8分(每题2分)I said, "Papi, let me finish school." None of his other daughters completed more than three grades. "I still can do my chores（家务）, " I told him. "Pay for me to finish school."He dug his boot into the dry earth of Quanajuato, the state he never left in his entire life. But he still was the smartest man in our village. He read books about Egypt and knew how to handwrite, unlike my mother, who never had an education."Why do you want to return to school? " he said, lowering his eyes to me. "So you can meet a man, marry, and quit? You want me to pay for that? ""No, Papi, " I said. "I won't marry in school and I promise I'll graduate."The wind whistled through the trees. My father saw a fisherman with a pole bent over the riverbank. I said urgently, "Papi, " and I almost grabbed his thick brown wrist. In the country, my father would stop and talk with any stranger, no matter what he was doing. He would talk about the harvest, the weather, the family, but mostly, he would listen.He turned, making his way to the fisherman. I followed behind him in my open-toed shoes, carefully picking my steps. I knew I had lost his attention and I searched around me for something to fill the time I would spend waiting. But there was nothing and nobody."Buenos dias, " my father said to the fisherman.I took my seat ten feet from them. The two men stared across the lake and talked. Their voices droned on and were blended with the wind. I daydreamed."Marta, come here, " my father called to me.I lifted myself up and walked very slowly toward them without lifting my feet off the ground."Marta, " my father said, "I have asked Don Toms what he thinks about your promise."I stared at this fisherman, this stranger, and then back at my father with wide eyes."I told him about your promise to stay single, and he told me—let her go."The fisherman looked down at his worn shoes. "If you want it, " he said to the earth beneath his feet.Later, I became Father's only daughter to complete high school education, and the only one to leave his house unmarried.(1) The author spoke to her father to.A. share her school lifeB. beg for her school feeC. learn about her sisters' studyD. complain about the housework(2) The author felt when her father went over to the fisherman.A. ashamedB. tiredC. angryD. helpless(3) Why did the author's father talk with the fisherman?A. To offer help.B. To talk about harvest.C. To ask for advice.D. To get away from the author.(4) The last paragraph suggests that the author.A. kept her wordsB. missed her fatherC. regretted the decisionD. lived a comfortable life7、【来源】 2019年北京丰台区高三二模（C篇）第38~41题8分(每题2分)Every year migratory（迁徙的） bats travel from Mexico to Bracken Cave, where they spend the summer consuming insects that would otherwise hungrily eat common food crops. But the bats have been showing up far earlier than they did two decades ago.In a study, scientists at Rothamsted Research, an agricultural laboratory in England, used radar data from 160 U.S. weather stations to analyze activity in the Texas bat colony from 1995 through 2017. They discovered the creatures were leaving their winter quarters in Mexico earlier and reproducing sooner. They were also astonished to find increasing numbers of bats overwintering（过冬）at Bracken Cave instead of heading back to their cold weather quarters in Mexico. Overwintering is a sign that warmer temperatures change the bats' annual rhythms, Rothamsted biologist Phillip Stepanian says.A separate study of migratory bats in Indiana, published last year, found that temperature variations affected arrival and departure times—likewise hinting at the potential influence of climate change. JoyO'Keefe, a biology professor at Indiana State University and co-author of that study, says early arrival at their summer habitats（栖息地） could expose these bats to cold snaps（寒流）, and they could freeze to death.Joy O'Keefe and her colleagues also found that changing bat migration times can also clash with rainfall patterns. Many insects that bats eat breed in seasonal lakes and puddles. If the bats arrive too early to benefit from summer rainfall and the resulting abundance of insects, they may struggle to feed their pups（幼崽）or skip reproduction altogether, O'Keefe says. She fears this shift could cause Midwestern bats to decrease toward extinction, which would be bad news for humans. "Declines in bat populations could have severe effects for crop success, " she says, adding that bats also "control significant disease vectors, such as mosquitoes."However, scientists are not certain that climate change alone is causing the Bracken Cave bat colony to migrate earlier. They have found a direct link between seasonal temperatures and bird migration, but bats are also influenced by factors such as changes in wind speed and direction. And there are other complications. "Bats are mysterious little animals that move mostly at night and are difficult to observe and track, " Stepanian says. "We have this conceptual picture of what might be happening, but really tying it to the cause is the next step."(1) Scientists at Rothamsted Research found that.A. bats prefer colder weatherB. bats delay their reproductionC. warming affects bat migrationD. radar can be used to observe bats(2) Joy O'Keefe discovered that.A. bats are used to living in rainfall seasonsB. bats' earlier migration might harm farmingC. insects' reproduction helps to spread diseaseD. insects shortage makes bats reproduce earlier(3) What does the last paragraph want to tell us?A. Wind speed and direction affect bats.B. It is difficult to observe and track bats.C. Climate change makes bats migrate earlier.D. Further research on the cause is necessary.(4) What is the best title for the passage?A. Bats' habitatsB. Endangered batsC. Bats' scheduleD. Bats, our good friends8、【来源】 2019年北京丰台区高三二模（D篇）第42~45题8分(每题2分)On March 18, 2018, Elaine Herzberg was crossing a road in temple, Arizona, when a Volvo SUV hit and killed her. Although she was one of thousands of U.S. pedestrians killed by vehicles every year, one distinctive aspect set her death apart: Nobody was driving that Volvo. A computer was.Just a couple of months later, a survey by AAA (American Automobile Association) revealed that 73 percent of Americans were too scared to zip around in a totally autonomous ride—a 10 percent increase from a similar poll taken before Herzberg's death. Actually, self-driving cars are already cruising our streets, their spinning lasers and other sensors scanning the world around them. But what makes some of us still so wary of these robotic chauffeurs, and how can they earn our trust?To understand these questions, it first helps to consider what psychologists call the theory of mind. Put simply, it's the recognition that other people have brains in their heads that are busy thinking, just like ours (usually) are. The theory comes in handy on the road. Before we venture into a crosswalk, we might first make eye contact with a driver and then think. He sees me, so I'm safe, or he doesn't, so I'm not. It's a technique we likely use more than we realize, both behind the wheel and on our feet. But you can't make eye contact with an algorithm（计算程序）. When a car is in self-driving mode, the computer's in charge. "We're going to have to learn a theory of the machine mind, " says Azim Shariff, a professor of psychology at the University of British Columbia. What that means in practice is that self-driving cars will need to provide clear signals—and not just turn signals—to let the public know what that machine mind is planning.However, that doesn't mean we want it to mimic exactly how humans think and act while driving. In fact, the promise of traveling by autonomous car is that silicon brains won't do dumb things such as text and drive, or drink and drive, or pocket down the highway while upset after a breakup. (Cars don't date.) "I believe that they have the potential to be safer than regular cars, " says Marjory S. Blumenthal, a senior policy analyst at the RAND Corporation. But she says there's not enough good data yet to know for sure.One practical way to create a reputation for safety is to start slow. The University of Michigan's pair of self-driving shuttles go just 12 miles per hour. Huei Peng, a professor of mechanical engineering, says the research team behind the project is building trust by not asking too much: The predetermined route is just about a mile long, so they're not exactly speeding down a highway in the snow. "We're trying to push the envelope but in a very careful way, " Peng says.Indeed, the public isn't homogeneous, says Raj Rajkumar, who directs the Metro 21. He noticed three categories of potential users: teach skeptics, early adopters, and people who are stressed by driving. The early adopters will buy in first, followed by the folks who just dislike driving, and then finally the skeptics, he argued. "So it's a long process." Trust grows like a self-driving shuttle drives: slowly.(1) What did the survey by AAA show?A. The wide use of self-driving cars.B. The growing doubts on self-driving cars.C. The urgent need for laws on self-driving cars.D. The rapid rise of deaths caused by self-driving cars.(2) The theory of mind is mentioned to show.A. human mind makes driving easierB. communication takes away drivers attentionC. communicative skills can be improved by practiceD. self-driving cars are not as safe for their machine mind(3) Paragraph 4 wants to tell us that self-driving cars.A. will replace regular carsB. couldn't act like humansC. could be safer than regular carsD. should learn to think like humans(4) What is the author's attitude towards the future development of self-driving cars?A. Cautious but optimistic.B. Puzzled but hopeful.C. Concerned but pessimistic.D. Skeptical but interested.四、七选五（共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）9、【来源】 2019年北京丰台区高三二模第46~50题10分(每题2分)2019~2020学年北京西城区北京师范大学附属中学高二上学期期中第56~60题7.5分2019~2020学年北京西城区北京师范大学附属中学高二上学期期中第56~60题10分(每题2分)Develop Note-Taking Skills Speech students are often amazed at how easily their teacher can pick out a speaker's main points, evidence, and techniques. Of course, the teacher knows what to listen for and has had plenty of practice. But the next time you get an opportunity, watch your teacher during a speech. Chances are she or he will be listening with pen and paper.1Unfortunately, many people don't take notes effectively. Some try to write down everything a speaker says. They view note taking as a race, pitting their handwriting agility（敏捷） against the speaker's rate of speech.2But soon the speaker is winning the race. The speaker pulls so far ahead that the note taker can never catch up. Finally, the note taker admits defeat and spends the rest of the speech grumbling in frustration.3They arrive armed with pen, notebook, and the best of intentions. They know they can't write down everything, so they settle comfortably in their seats and wait for the speaker to say something that grabs their attention. Every once in a while the speaker rewards them with a joke, a dramatic story, or a startling fact. Then the note taker seizes pen, jots down a few words, and leans back dreamily to await the next fascinating tidbit（趣闻）. By the end of the lecture the note taker has a set of tidbits-and little or no record of the speaker's important ideas.As these examples illustrate, they don't know what to listen for, and they don't know how to record what they do listen for.4But once you know what to listen for, you still need a sound method of note taking.Although there are a number of systems, most students find the key-word outline best for listening to speeches. As its name suggests, this method briefly notes a speaker's main points and supporting evidence in rough outline form. By separating main points from sub-points and evidence, the outline format showsthe relationships among the speaker's ideas.5But with a little effort you will become a better note taker.A. Perfecting this taking requires practice.B. Some people go to the opposite extreme.C. As the speaker starts to talk, the note taker starts to write.D. Taking effective notes usually helps you receive higher grades.E. Most inefficient note takers suffer from one or both of two problems.F. When note taking is done properly, it is sure to keep track of a speaker's ideas.G. The solution to the first problem is to focus on a speaker's main points and evidence.五、书面表达（共2题，共35分）第一节（15分）10、【来源】 2019年北京丰台区高三二模第51题15分假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。