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完整版)高中英语独立主格结构详细讲解独立主格独立主格结构是指带有自己主语的非谓语动词分句或无动词分句。
由于独立主格结构有自己的逻辑主语，与主句无关，因此传统语法称其为“独立主格结构”。
实际上，独立主格结构是一种从属分句，与主句共同表达一个完整的意思，通常在句中起状语分句的作用。
独立主格结构可放于句首或句尾，用逗号和主句隔开。
独立主格结构由名词或代词作逻辑主语和非谓语动词分句或无动词分句组成。
非谓语动词分句包括现在分词、过去分词和不定式，无动词分句包括名词、形容词、副词和介词短语。
基本形式为：名词普通格/代词主格+非谓语动词分句/无动词分句，with引导的复合结构。
现在分词表示前面名词或代词主动进行的动作或状态，过去分词表示前面名词或代词被动完成的动作或所处的状态，不定式表示将来的动作。
例如，“The man lay there。
his handstrembling.”，“So many students being ab sent。
the meeting had to be put off.”，“The boy lay on his back。
his hands crossed under his head.”，“He suggested going for a ic。
Mary to provide the food.”。
在独立主格结构中，being或havingbeen有时可以省略。
These are the first two books。
and the third one is set to be released next month。
We will gather at 7:30.and the n will XXX 8.Many people。
including women and children。
joined in the work。
He XXX。
The XXX。
so we had to wait outside for a while。
《独立主格结构》讲义一、什么是独立主格结构在英语语法中，独立主格结构是一个比较特殊且重要的语法点。
简单来说，独立主格结构是由“名词或代词＋现在分词、过去分词、形容词、副词、不定式、介词短语等”构成，在句中作状语，表示时间、原因、条件、伴随等情况。
它与句子的主语没有直接的语法关系，自身有独立的逻辑主语。
这一特点使得独立主格结构在表达上更加灵活多样，能够丰富句子的结构和含义。
二、独立主格结构的构成形式1、名词/代词＋现在分词这种形式中，名词或代词是现在分词的逻辑主语，现在分词表示主动和正在进行的动作。
例如：The weather being fine, we decided to go for a picnic （天气很好，我们决定去野餐。
）在这个句子中，“the weather”是“being fine”的逻辑主语，“天气好”这个动作是主动进行的。
2、名词/代词＋过去分词此时，名词或代词是过去分词的逻辑主语，过去分词表示被动和完成的动作。
比如：The work done, he went home （工作完成了，他回家了。
）“the work”是“done”的逻辑主语，“工作被完成”是被动的。
3、名词/代词＋形容词这种结构中，形容词说明名词或代词的特征或状态。
例如：He came into the room, his face red （他走进房间，脸红红的。
）“his face”是“red”的逻辑主语，“红”描述了“脸”的状态。
4、名词/代词＋副词副词在独立主格结构中用于修饰名词或代词。
比如：The meeting over, they went home （会议结束了，他们回家了。
）“the meeting”是“over”的逻辑主语，“over”表示“会议”的结束状态。
5、名词/代词＋不定式当名词或代词是不定式的逻辑主语时，常用这种形式。
例如：A lot of work to do, he had to stay up late （有很多工作要做，他不得不熬夜。
八年级英语上unit6知识点梳理本文是八年级英语上unit6知识点的梳理，旨在帮助学生检查自己在学习本单元知识点中的理解情况，更好地掌握和应用相关的知识。
一、动词-ing形式和动词不定式的用法在英语中，动词-ing形式和动词不定式都具有动词的基本意义，但在用法上却有所不同：动词-ing形式可以用作主语、宾语、表语等。
例如：- Swimming is good for health. 游泳对健康有益。
- I enjoy singing. 我喜欢唱歌。
- Her hobby is painting. 她的爱好是绘画。
而动词不定式则可以用作主语、宾语、表语、宾补、定语、状语等。
例如：- To live a happy life is everyone's dream. 过上快乐的生活是每个人的梦想。
- I want to visit the Great Wall. 我想参观长城。
- The most important thing is to be kind. 最重要的是要善良。
二、被动语态的构成和用法被动语态是英语中常用的一种语态，表示动作的承受者或对象，通常以动词的过去分词形式为基础，加上与主语相应的be动词或情态动词构成。
例如：- The letter was written by John. 这封信是约翰写的。
- The book has been read by many people. 这本书被很多人阅读过。
被动语态的用法有以下几点：1.强调动作的承受者或对象。
2.避免重复使用主语或让主语不重要。
3.在不知道动作执行者的情况下使用。
三、虚拟语气的用法英语中的虚拟语气是用于表达与事实相反或未发生的假设情况的语气。
虚拟语气常见的形式包括：虚拟条件句、愿望句和建议句等。
例如：1.虚拟条件句：表示与事实相反或可能性很小的假设情况。
其中，与现在事实相反的用过去时，与过去事实相反的用过去完成时，与将来事实相反的用would/could/might+动词原形。
高中英语语法-独立主格讲解与练习独立主格结构一、概念“独立主格结构”就是由一个相当于主语的名词或代词加上非谓语动词、形容词（副）词或介词短语构成的一种独立成分。
该结构不是句子，也不是从句，所以它内部的动词不能考虑其时态、人称和数的变化，它与主句之间不能通过并列连词连接，也不能由从句阴道词引导，通常用逗号与主句隔开。
独立主格结构在很多情况下可以转化为相应的状语从句或者其他状语形式，但很多时候不能转化为分词形式，因为它内部动词的逻辑主语与主句主语不一致。
二、独立主格的特点【注意】1.当独立主格结构中的being done表示“正在被做时”，being不可以被省略。
2.当独立主格结构的逻辑主语是it, there时，being不可以省略。
三、独立主格结构的用法。
独立主格结构在句中往往做状语，表时间、原因、条件、方式或伴随状【注意】独立主格结构表示时间、条件或原因时，相当于一个状语从句，一般放在句首，表示原因时还可放在句末；表伴随状况或补充说明时，相当于一个并列句，通常放于句末。
四、非谓语动词独立主格结构。
“名词或代词+非谓语动词”结构构成的独立主格结构称为非谓语动词的独立主格结构。
名词或代词和非谓语动词具有逻辑上的主谓关系。
1.不定式构成的独立主格结构不定式构成的独立主格结构往往表示还未发生的行为或状态，在句中常作原因状语，有时做条件状语。
Lots of homework to do, I have to stay home all day.由于很多作业要做，我只好待在家里。
So many children to look after, the mother has to quit her job.如此多的孩子要照顾，这个妈妈不得不辞掉她的工作。
2.动词+ing形式的独立主格结构动词-ing形式的句中作状语时，其逻辑主语必须是主句的主语，否则就是不正确的。
动词-ing形式的逻辑主语与主句的主语不一致时，就应在动词的-ing形式前加上逻辑主语，构成动词-ing 形式的独立主格结构，逻辑主语与动词间为主谓关系，是分词的动作执行者，分词表示的动作时逻辑主语发出的动作。
2019六级语法基础：独立主格独立主格结构独立主格结构由名词或代词加上其他成分(分词、不定式、名词、代词、形容词、副词或介词短语)构成。
独立主格结构没有主语和谓语，所以在语法上不是句子。
但多有名词或代词表示的逻辑主语，分词或不定式表示的逻辑谓语，有时还有其他修饰成分。
(判断一个结构是否是句子的标准就是看看这个结构是否有谓语动词。
)这种结构通常在句子中起方式、时间、原因、条件等状语或状语从句的作用，主要用于书面语。
使用动词非谓语形式的独立主格结构能够改为句子形式(从句)：独立主格结构加上连词，非谓语动词改为谓语动词形式，这样就成为从句了。
例如：Today being Sunday, the library isn\' t open.今天星期天，图书馆不开放。
(原因)改为从句：As (Since) today is Sunday, the library isn\' t open. 例如：There being no buses，we had to take a taxi. 没有汽车了，我们只好坐出租车了。
Because there were no buses, we had to take a taxi.The signal given，the bus started.信号发出后，公共汽车就启动了。
(时间)改为从句：After the signal was given, the bus started.The boy followed that man here，and climbed in，sword in hand.少年跟那个人到这里，并爬了进来，手里拿着剑。
The boy followed that man here，and climbed in，and hada sword in his hand. The mid-term examination is over, theend-of-term examination to come two months later.期中考试结束了，两个月之后实行期末考试.The mid-term examination is over, and the end-of-term examination is to come two months later.Weather permitting, we\' 11 visit the Great Wall.如果天气允许的话，我们就去参观长城。
《独立主格结构》讲义一、什么是独立主格结构在英语语法中，独立主格结构是一种比较特殊且重要的结构。
简单来说，独立主格结构是由名词或代词加上分词、形容词、副词、不定式、介词短语等构成的一种短语结构。
它在句中通常作状语，表示时间、原因、条件、伴随等情况。
我们先来通过一个例子感受一下独立主格结构：“The weather being fine, we went for a walk” 在这个句子中，“The weather being fine”就是独立主格结构，其中“the weather”是名词，“being fine”是现在分词短语，整个独立主格结构在句中表示原因，解释了“we went for a walk”的原因是天气好。
二、独立主格结构的构成独立主格结构的构成形式多样，常见的有以下几种：1、名词（代词）＋现在分词例如：“The girl staring at him, he didn't know what to say” （那个女孩盯着他，他不知道说什么。
）在这个例子中，“The girl staring at him”是独立主格结构，“the girl”是名词，“staring at him”是现在分词短语，表示伴随情况。
2、名词（代词）＋过去分词比如：“The task completed, they had a rest” （任务完成了，他们休息了一下。
）这里，“The task completed”是独立主格结构，“the task”是名词，“completed”是过去分词，表示时间。
3、名词（代词）＋形容词“Her face pale with anger, she stormed out of the room” （她气得脸色苍白，冲出了房间。
）“Her face pale with anger”为独立主格结构，“her face”是名词，“pale with anger”是形容词短语，描述状态。
Unit 6 Participle Used as Adverb and Absolute Construction
分词做状语和独立主格
Language Notes
判断: After opening the book, the pages had been torn away. 错
Hearing the bad news, his eyes were filled with tear. 错
Exercise 1
将下列句子在不改变原意的前提下,做适当的省略.
1.While studying at college, Miss Leacock had her first novel published.
2.The old lady carrying a basketful of eggs was run down by a taxi when crossing the street.
3.I am sure Mr. Witie’s latest play, once staged, will proved to be a great success.
4.After shoplifting for many years, Jennifer was found out.
5.Since being promoted, I’ve had no time to go out.
6.If being accepted for the job, I’ll have to start at the beginning of next month.
7.Unless being destroyed, this material may have damaging consequences.
Exercise 2
用现在分词或过去分词(或Not+现在/过去分词)从句开头改写下面的句子.
1.Marie left work early, not feeling too well.
2.Impressed by Jo’s work, he extended her contract for a year.
3.Having acquired the money through hard work, he was reluctant to give it away.
4.Having started the course, Alan decided to complete it.
5.Not wanting to offend him, we said nothing about his paintings.
Exercise 3
用所给动词的“Having+过去分词”形式填空.
Arrive climb spend take work
1.Having taken
2.Having spent
3.Having worked
4.Having spent
5.Having worked
The headmaster came into the room, followed by the teacher.伴随
Deeply moved, he thanked her again and again.原因
United, we stand; divided, we fall. 原因
Knowing all this, they still insisted on my paying for the damage.让步
It rained heavily, causing severe flooding in that area.结果
Climbing to the top of the tower, we saw a magnificent view.原因
He ran up to her, breathing heavily.结果
Exercise 4
用现在分词, having+过去分词或过去分词从句,或(not+-ing等)开头,分别把下面的句子先配对,再写成一句话.
DCFEB
Being a doctor, she knew what side-effects the medicine could have.
Not expecting anyone to be in the house, I walked straight in.
Having been painted in dark colors, the room needed some bright lights.
Unemployed, He had time to consider what job he really wanted.
Not speaking Italian, I found life in Sicily difficult.
Having been a teacher for 14 years, she knew how to keep children interested.
Exercise 5
用分词作状语改写下列句子
1.Overlooking the sea, the bedrooms are the best ones in the hotel.
2.Read by people all over the world, her books are still immensely popular.
3.Always dominated by the same people, the committee meetings were slow-moving and
ineffectual.
指出下述独立主格各起什么作用?
His voice drowned by the noise, the speaker interrupted his lecture. 原因
He went off, knife in hand.伴随
His homework done, Jim decided to go and see the play.原因
The last bus having gone, we had to walk home.原因
Weather permitting, the basketball game will be held on Wednesday.条件
Exercise 5 完成下列句子
The car turning across the corner(汽车转过拐角), we caught the sight of the spires of the church. The river water being polluted(河水被污染了), the farmers could only drink well water.
Time permitted(时间允许的话), I will reply to you in a week.
He left his home town, his heart left there (心却留在了这里)
That boss looked in my direction, his assistant whispering to him(他的助手对他耳语着什么.)
Homework:
选择:
BDACC DCBCD
翻译:
1.Hearing the kid crying in the garden, mother walked out of the room immediately.
2.Thinking of the possibility to be late, I decided to take taxi.
3.They are a party, singing and dancing.
4.All the money having been used up, we began to look for a job.
5.Seeing him walking to me, I hurried to hide behind the door.
6.He stood up suddenly, holding the gun in hand.
7.The monitor being ill, we have to delay the meeting.
8.His arms folded across the chest, he stood there.
9.The summer vacation ending, the city street become even busier.
10.We walking into the forest, his father acted as our guide.
填空：
Being absent leaving rolling riding/shooting wearing lying working running
本单元主要内容掌握程度自评：
内容掌握良好掌握一般我的疑问
分词作状语和独立主格
●Vincent Van Gogh
●分词作时间状语
●分词作原因状语
●分词作让步状语
●分词作伴随状况
●分词作条件状语
●分词的否定形式
●分词状语的时态
●现在分词的独立主
格
●过去分词的独立主
格
●Homework。
