重庆大学城第一中学校2018-2019学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题(附答案)

第Ⅰ卷第一部分听力（共谅解，满分20分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。

录音结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1.Where does the woman have to get off?A.At National City BankB.At the museum stopC.At National City Library2.Why does the man turn down the woman?A.He broke his MP4 player last weekend.B.He has no MP4 player at all.C.He has lent his MP4 player to someone.3.What does the woman want to do?A.Send the man back to his apartment.B.Lend her car to the man.C.Wait for the bus with the man.4.How is the man?A. MeanB.ForgetfulC.Serious5.What will the weather be like in West London this week?A.FoggyB.SunnyC.Cold第一节（共15小题:每小题1分，满分15分）听下面5段对话或对白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

2019-2020学年重庆大学城第一中学高三英语下学期期中考试试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AStaying-at-home proves to be effective in slowing the spread of the virus, but loneliness can be tough for many. Luckily, in the age of social media, we are never truly alone. And with the extra time spent indoors, artists are stepping up to help us all with the following clubs.Drawing from Distance by Sarah Beth MorganLet’s shine some light during this trying time and encourage social distancing! I’m starting this tomorrow myself — but from what I offer, take whatever you please. No rules! Just have fun!Stayathome Art Club byCarsonEllisHello! I’ll be posting art homework here every weekday morning when I can. They’ll be designed for kids and grownups alike. Here is your first homework: Draw a picture of yourself from the shoulders up. You can follow some useful examples. If you want to share or see other people’s self-picture, use these hashtags: #Stayathomeartclub# QACselfportrait30-Day indoor Art by Danielle KrysaOne month of avoiding crowds? I’m in! I challenge you to use this time inside to make one piece every day from now until mid April. Please join me in playing around with some painting ideas that have been rolling around in my head but haven’t found their way onto paper yet. Stay at home, make art, save someone’s life.DIY from Illustoria MagazineWe have been so inspired to see our community come together to provide easy art projects for families during this stay-at-home-time! DIY is actually a fantastic way tosparkyour imagination without breaking a sweat. A video every day will teach you how to DIY something.1. What do we know about Sarah Beth Morgan?A. She is a strict artist.B. She aims at training more artists.C. She prefers to work at home office.D. She will provide a wide range of choices.2. What are you expected to do if you join Stayathome Art Club?A. Hand in homework every day.B. Share other people’s pictures.C. Draw a picture of yourself.D. Show up in person occasionally.3. What does “spark”in the last paragraph probably mean?A. Set off.B. Set down.C. Set aside.D. Set about.BEvery racehorse has different abilities．Like humans，some are short- distance runners，while others are marathoners．Figuring out which is which and how to pace them can be the difference between failure in the finish and taking the award home．Jockeys（赛马骑师）and trainers have traditionally relied on centuries of experience and data from previous races to plan their races．Amandine Aftalion，a mathematician in Paris，thought she could add to that．Since 2013，she has been analyzing the performances of world champion runners like Usain Bolt．She has found that short-distance runners tend to win when they start strong and gradually slow down toward the finish line．Butin medium-distance races，runners perform better when they start strong，settle down，and finish with a burst of speed．Her model shows how those winning strategies maximize the energy output of muscles reliant on two different pathways：powerful aerobic（有氧的）ones that require oxygen，which can be in limited supply during a race，and anaerobic ones，which don't need oxygen but build up waste products that lead to tiredness．Aftalion wondered which strategy would be best for horses．So she and Quentin Mercier，anothermathematician，took advantage of a new GPS tracking tool inserted in French racing saddles（马鞍）．The two studied patterns in many races at the Chantilly racetracks north of Paris and developed a model that accounted for winning strategies for three different races：a short one(1，300 meters)，a medium one (1,900 meters)，and a slightly longer one (2,100 meters)，all with different starting points on the same track．The model takes into account not just different race distances，but also the size or friction fromthe track surface．The results might surprise jockeys who hold horses back early for bursts of energy in the last finish．Instead，a strong start leads to a better finish，the team found．“That doesn't mean those jockeys are wrong，though．If the start is too strong，it can bedevastatingas well，leaving the horse tired by the end，” Aftalion says．4. What should a runner do to get an award according to the text?A. Make a good start．B. Plan for the race early．C. Run slowly on the starting line．D. Try runningquickly all the time．5. What formed the basis for Aftalion's studying horse race?A The experience and data from previous horse races．B. The benefit of knowing horses' different abilities．C. The success in studying runners' winning strategies．D. The performance of horses on different race distances．6. What does the underlined word“devastating”in the last paragraph mean?A. Boring．B. Damaging．C. Astonishing．D. Puzling．7. What can we infer from the text?A. Runners have the same energy output of muscles．B. Aftalion's findings may help horses to win the race．C. What Jockeys and trainers do makes no sense to horses．D. World champion runners made a contribution to the study．CWolves have a certain undeserved reputation: fierce, dangerous, good forhunting down deer and farmers’ livestock. However, wolves have a softer, more social side, one that has been embraced by a heart-warming new initiative.In a bid to save some of Europe’s last wolves, scientists have explored the willingness of these supposedly fierce creatures to help others of their kind. Female wolves, the scientists have discovered, make excellent foster parents to wolf cubs that are not their own. The study, published in Zoo Biology, suggests that captive-bred wolfcubs(幼兽)could be placed with wild wolf families, boosting the wild population.The gray wolf was once the world’s most widely distributed mammal, but it became extinct as a result of widespread habitat destruction and the deliberate killing of wolves suspectedof preying on livestock. Fear and hatred of the wolf have since become culturally rooted, fuelled by myths, fables and stories.In Scandinavia, the gray wolf is endangered, the remaining population found by just five animals. As a result, European wolves are severely inbred and have little geneticvariability（变异性）, making them vulnerable to threats, such as outbreaks of disease that they can’t adapt to quickly. So Inger Scharis and Mats Amundin of Linkoping University, in Sweden, started Europe’s first gray wolf-fostering program. They worked with wolves keptat seven zoos across Scandinavia. Eight wolf cubs between four and six days old were removed from their natural parents and placed with other wolf packs in other zoos. The foster mothers accepted the new cubs placed in their midst.The welfare of the foster cubs and the wolves’ natural behavior were monitored using a system of surveillance cameras. The foster cubs had a similar growth rate as their step siblings in the recipient litter, as well as their biological siblings in the source litter. The foster cubs had a better overall survival rate, with 73% surviving until 33 weeks, than their biological siblings left behind, of which 63% survived. That rate of survival is similar to that seen in wild wolf cubs. Scientists believe that wolves can recognize their young, but this study suggests they can only do so once cubs are somewhere between three to seven weeks of age.If captive-bred cubs can be placed with wild-living families, which already have cubs of a similar age, not only will they have a good chance of survival, but they could help dramatically increase the diversity of the wild population, say the researchers. Just like the wild wolves they would join, these foster cubs would need protection from hunting. Their arrival could help preserve the future of one of nature’s most iconic and polarizing animals.8. What’s the theme of the passage?A. Giving wolf cubs a new lifeB. Foster wolf parents and foster cubsC. The fate of wild wolvesD. Changing diversity of wild wolves9. Which of the following flow chart best demonstrates the relationship between the wolves?A. B.C. D.10. Which of the following statements is true?A. Female wolves are willing to raise wolf cubs of 3 to 7 weeks old.B. Foster cubs are accepted by foster parents and are well bred.C. Man’s hostile attitude towards wolves roots in myths, fables and stories.D. Foster cubs and their biological siblings have similar growth rate and survival rate.11. What’s the purpose of the research?A. To help wolves survive various threatsB. To improve wolves’ habitat and stop deliberate killingC. To save endangered wolves by increasing their populationD. To raise man’s awareness of protecting wolvesDA Bridge Linking Art and the AudienceAccording to a 2018 report, people aged between 16 and 24 make up about 15 percent of the population but only 10 percent of museum-goers. Similarly, people aged over35 go half as much as you would expect from their population size. We have reached the point of recognising the disconnection between art and the audience but haven’t yet determined how to bridge the gap. Two answers to tackling this challenge lie in telling a greater diversity of art histories and communicating these stories in more accessible ways.In 2018, a radio program called Art Matters was started with the aim of discussing art from a pop-culture viewpoint with topics that would engage younger and more diverse audience. It offers an accessible pathway to art history with conversations on different topics. Art history is about storytelling; art content shines when there is an effort to bring audience along for the discussion.More traditional institutions are paying attention. Recently theGettyMuseumissued a social-media challenge for people to recreate paintings using items they had at home. Users displayed incredible creativity, and the museum was flooded with submissions. This reaction proves that there is a potential desire for the audience to engage with art topics if the format is appealing. Since many people feelintimidatedand think that there’s a base level of understanding required to join the conversation, the Getty initiative serves as a reminder that there are many pathways to engaging with it.Another result of the Getty challenge was the exposure given to a diversity of artworks. The famous opera singer Peter Brathwaite, for example, made scores of attractive recreations highlighting centuries of black paintings. His efforts opposed the idea that there were not many historical paintings of black figures. It is extremely important that we do a better job of showing the complex and diverse stories that are represented in art.Social media have offered a platform for people who have not traditionally had a seat at the table. Anyone can recognise a gap in the field and address it. Accounts have gathered tens of thousands of followers. They are the proof that there is hunger to hear these art histories, and these themes work brilliantly for museum programming.But there is only so much that can be done without the museums and galleries changing meaningfully fromwithin. We need to see a better balance of these stories represented in permanent collections. We also need a much wider diversity of people and interests represented on board. Ensuring that art-and writing and talking about art-is able to continue on the rising generation of storytellers, inside and outside of institutions, getting the funding and support they need to paint a brighter picture for the part.12. What challenge is the author trying to tackle?A. People doubt a great diversity of artworks.B. Fewer and fewer young people go to museums.C. Art appears too distant from common audience.D. Adult audience has a different understanding of art.13. What does the underlined word “intimidated” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Tired.B. Worried.C. Annoyed.D. Surprised.14. In the author’s opinion, the museums and galleries should ________.A. make the art history stories accessible in a traditional way.B. change meaningfully for activities like the Getty challenge.C. limit the number of storytellers both in and out of institutions.D. improve the permanent collections by adding famous artworks.15. We can conclude from the passage that common audience ________.A. lacks the channels to understand and talk about art history.B. prefers to view artworks and hear art stories on social media.C. feels satisfied with people and interests represented on board.D. refuses to engage with diverse art topics and art history stories.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2018-2019学年重庆市大学城第一中学校高一下学期期中数学试题一、单选题1．在等差数列{}n a 中，11a =，公差2d =，则7a 等于（ ） A ．13 B ．14C ．15D ．16【答案】A【解析】利用等差数列的通项公式直接求解即可. 【详解】在等差数列{}n a 中，因为11a =，公差2d =， 所以17613a a d =+=. 故选：A 【点睛】本题考查了等差数列通项公式的应用，属于基础题. 2．在ABC ∆中，222a c b ab -+=，则角C 为（▲） A ．120︒ B ．45︒或135︒C ．60︒D ．30︒【答案】C【解析】由余弦定理得：22201cos ,0,60.22a b c C C C ab π+-==<<∴=故选C3．已知向量a r =(3，4)，b r =(k ，2-k )，且a r ∥b r，则实数k ＝（ ） A ．8 B ．－6C ．67D ．－43【答案】C【解析】根据两平行向量坐标之间的关系，得到方程，求解方程即可. 【详解】因为a r ∥b r，所以有：63(2)47k k k -=⇒=. 故选：C 【点睛】本题考查了已知平行向量求参数问题，属于基础题.4．已知{}n a 是由正数组成的等比数列，n S 表示{}n a 的前n 项的和．若13a =，24144a a =，则10S 的值是 （ ）A ．511B ．1023C ．1533D ．3069【答案】D【解析】试题分析：由等比数列的性质可得，，因为数列是由正数组成的等比数列，则，所以，又因为，所以，代入等比数列的前项和公式可得，，故选D.【考点】等比数列的前项和.5．在ABC ∆中，角,,A B C 的对边分别是,,a b c ，已知1,2,120a b C ===︒，则ABC ∆的外接圆半径（ ） A 221B 15C 21D ．4【答案】C【解析】根据余弦定理可以求出边c ，再利用正弦定理求出ABC ∆的外接圆半径即可. 【详解】由余弦定理可知：2222cos 77c a b ab C c =+-⋅=⇒=由正弦定理可知：ABC ∆的外接圆半径为1212sin 3c C ⋅=故选：C 【点睛】本题考查了利用正弦定理求三角形外接圆的半径，考查了余弦定理的应用，考查了数学运算能力.6．已知等比数列{}n a 的首项11a =公比2q =，则2122211log log log a a a +++=L （ ） A ．50 B ．44C ．55D ．46【答案】C【解析】运用对数的运算公式，结合等比数列的通项公式和等差数列前n 项和公式求解即可. 【详解】121012310(110)102122211212112222log log log log log l (1222)2255og log .a a a a a a +++++⨯=⨯⨯⨯⨯==++=+=L L L L故选：C 【点睛】本题考查了等比数列的通项公式的应用，考查了等差数列前n 项和公式，考查了对数的运算公式，考查了数学运算能力.7．设i r ，j r 是两个夹角为120︒的单位向量，若向量(1)3a m i j =+-r r r ，(1)b i m j =+-r r r ，且()()a b a b +⊥-r r r r，则实数m 的值为（ ） A ．-2 B ．2C ．54-D ．不存在【答案】C【解析】根据平面向量垂直的性质，可以得到等式，再根据平面向量数量积的运算性质直接求解即可. 【详解】.因为()()a b a b +⊥-r r r r ，所以()()0a b a b +⋅-=r r r r .因此有220a b -=r r ，所以22a b =r r，即222211(1)(3)2(1)(3)()1(1)21(1)()22m m m m ++-+⋅+⋅-⋅-=+-+⋅⋅-⋅-，解得54m =-.故选：C 【点睛】本题考查了平面向量互相垂直的性质，考查了平面向量数量积的运算，考查了数学运算能力.8．已知数列{n a }中，12211,3,n n n a a a a a +++===则2021a =（ ） A ．1tan AB ． 3-C ．2D ．1【答案】B【解析】用递推公式求出数列前几项可以发现数列具有周期性，求出周期，进而求出2021a 的值.【详解】212112345671,3,2,1,3,2,1,,n n n n n n a a a a a a a a a a a a a ++++==∴=+=⇒=-=-=-=-=Q所以数列的周期为6，因此20213366553a a a ⨯+===-. 故选：B 【点睛】本题考查数列递推公式的应用，考查了数列的周期性，考查了数学运算能力. 9．已知ABC ∆内角,,A B C 的对边分别是,,a b c ，若1cos 4B =，b =3，sin 2sinC A =，则ABC ∆的面积为（ ）A ．B C D 【答案】D【解析】根据正弦定理可以由sin 2sin C A =得到相应边的关系，由余弦定理可以求出a 的值，进而求出c 的值，利用同角三角函数关系式求出sin B 的值，最后利用三角形面积公式求出面积即可. 【详解】根据正弦定理可知：由sin 2sin 2C A c a =⇒=，由余弦定理可知：222232cos 260,22c a b ab C a a a a =+-⋅⇒+-=⇒==-舍去，所以有23c a ==.因为1cos 4B =，(0,)B π∈，所以sin 4B ==，因此ABC ∆的面积为1sin 2S ac B =⋅=. 故选：D 【点睛】本题考查了正弦定理、余弦定理、三角形面积公式的应用，考查了同角的三角函数关系式，考查了数学运算能力.10．已知整数对排列如下：（1，1），（1，2），（2，1），（1，3），（2，2），（3，1），（1，4），（2，3），（3，2），（4，1），（1，5），（2，4）......则第60个整数对是（ ） A ．(5，7) B ．(11，5)C ．(7，5)D ．(5，11)【答案】A【解析】把这些整数对看成点的坐标，可以发现点的横坐标和纵坐标之间的关系，进而利用这个关系，结合等差数列前n 项和公式直接求解即可. 【详解】把这些整数对看成点的坐标，（1，1）它的横坐标和纵坐标之和为2； （1，2），（2，1），它们的横坐标和纵坐标之和为3； （1，3），（2，2），（3，1），它们的横坐标和纵坐标之和为4；（1，4），（2，3），（3，2），（4，1），它们的横坐标和纵坐标之和为5；L 因为1234567891055+++++++++=，所以第60个整数对，它的横坐标和纵坐标之和为12，它是第5个这样的数，它前四个数为：（1，11），（2，10），（3，9），（4，8），所以第五个数为（5，7）. 故选：A 【点睛】本题考查了整数对的特点，考查了数字关系推理能力，考查了等差数列前n 项和公式的应用，判断整数对中两整数和的关系是解题的关键. 11．.锐角三角形ABC 中，内角的对边分别为，若2B A =，则ba的取值范围是 （ ） A ．2) B ．(2,3)C ．3)D ．3,2)【答案】B【解析】因为sin sin 22cos ,2(0,),sin sin 2b B A A B A a A A π====∈Q 3(0,),(,)264C A A ππππ=-∈∴∈,所以(2,3)ba∈.12．已知a ，b ，c 为△ABC 的三个内角A ，B ，C 的对边，向量m r＝)3,1-，n r＝(cos A ，sin A )，若m r 与n r夹角为3π，则a cos B ＋b cos A ＝c sin C ，则角B 等于( ) A ．6π B ．3π C ．4π D ．23π 【答案】B【解析】根据向量夹角求得角A 的度数，再利用正弦定理求得C 即得解. 【详解】 由已知得：3sin 1cos,322A A π-==所以2sin()1,3A π--= 所以.6A π=由正弦定理得：sin cos sin cos sin sin ,A B B A C C += 所以sin()sin sin ,A B C C +=又因为sin()sin()sin ,A B C C π+=-= 所以sin 1,C = 因为0,C π<< 所以,2C π= 所以.3B π=故选B. 【点睛】本题考查向量的数量积和正弦定理，属于中档题.二、填空题13．在ABC ∆中，角,,A B C 所对的边分别为,,a b c ，若2,a c B ===56π，则b ＝___________ 【答案】7【解析】利用余弦定理直接求解即可. 【详解】2222cos 27422(497b a c ac B b =+-⋅=+-⨯⨯=⇒=. 故答案为：7 【点睛】本题考查了余弦定理的应用，考查了数学运算能力.14．若平面向量a r 与b r 满足:2,1a b ==r r ,a b +=r r 则a r 与b r的夹角为 ． 【答案】060【解析】试题分析：由a b +=r r 2227a a b b +⋅+=r r r r ，所以1a b ⋅=r r ，因此1,2a b cos a b a b ⋅〈〉==r r r r r r ，从而,60a b 〈〉=︒r r .【考点】向量的夹角、数量积的应用15．设三个非零向量,,a b c r r r，若a b c m a cb =++r r r r r r r ，那么m r 的取值范围为______．【答案】[]0,3【解析】试题分析：由题意得，22222()()()()2()a b c a b c a b a c b c m a c a c a a c cb b b b=++=+++++r r r r r r r r rr r r r r r r r r rr r rr r r 32()9a b ac b c a ac cb b=+++≤r r r r r r r r r rr r ，所以03m ≤≤r． 【考点】向量的数量积的运算及向量的模．【方法点晴】本题主要考查了平面向量的数量积的运算及向量的模的求解，其中根据平面向量模的平方等于向量的平方和基本不等式求最值是解答本题的关键，着重考查了转化与化归思想和推理与运算能力的配用，属于中档试题，本题的解答中，利用向量模的平方等于向量的平方，求出m r 的平方，利用基本不等式即可求解m r的取值范围． 16．在数列{}n a 中，已知()112211,2(2)n n n a a a a a a n --==++++≥L ，则7a =_____. 【答案】486【解析】设数列{}n a 的前n 项和为n S .根据()12212(2)n n n a a a a a n --=++++≥L 可以判断数列{}n S 是等比数列，求出{}n S 的通项公式，最后求出7a 的值. 【详解】 当2n ≥时，由()111122112223n n n n n n n n n n S a a a a S S S S S a a ------=⇒-==++⇒=++⇒L ，所以数列{}n S 是以1为首项，3为公比的等比数列，因此13(2)n n S n -=≥，显然1n =时成立，故13n n S -=，因此6577633486a S S =-=-=.故答案为：486 【点睛】本题考查了等比数列的判定，考查了等比数列的通项公式的应用，考查了数学运算能力.三、解答题17．已知向量(3,4),(6,3),(5,3)OA OB OC x y =-=-=---u u u r u u u r u u u r ,(4,1)OD =u u u r．（1）若四边形ABCD 是平行四边形，求,x y 的值；（2）若ABC ∆为等腰直角三角形，且B ∠为直角，求,x y 的值． 【答案】（1）2,5x y =-=-；（2）0{3x y ==-或2{3x y =-=．【解析】试题分析：（1）根据四边形ABCD 为平行四边形，利用AD BC =u u u r u u u r，即可求解,x y 的值；（2）利用ABC ∆为等腰直角三角形，且B ∠为直角，则AB BC ⊥u u u r u u u r 且AB BC =u u u r u u u r，列出方程，即可求解,x y 的值．试题解析：（1）(1,5)AD =u u u r ，(1,)BC x y =---u u u r ，由AD BC =u u u r u u u r得x=-2,y=-5． （2）(3,1),AB =Q u u u r (1,)BC x y =---u u u r，若B ∠为直角，则AB BC ⊥u u u r u u u r， ∴3(1)0x y ---=， 又AB BC =u u u r u u u r，∴22(1)10x y ++=，再由3(1)y x =--，解得0{3x y ==-或2{3x y =-=．【考点】向量的运算及向量的垂直关系的应用．18．已知数列{}n a 的通项公式为31n a n =-，前n 项和记为n S ． （1）求证：数列{}n a 是等差数列； （2）若nn S b n =，求12231111n nb b b b b b -+++L ()2n ≥． 【答案】（1）证明见解析；（2）131n n -+． 【解析】试题分析：（1）由13n n a a +-=，利用等差数列的定义即可证明数列{}n a 为等差数列；（2）利用等差数列的求和公式，得232n n n S +=，可得312n n b +=，再利用裂项法求解数列的和．试题解析：（1）证明：∵1[3(1)1](31)]n n a a n n +-=+---＝3是常数， ∴{}n a 是等差数列．（2）21(1)(1)323222n n n n n n nS na d n --+=+=+⨯=. ∴312n n S n b n +==∴12231111n nb b b b b b -+++L 4111111[()()()]3477103231n n =-+-++--+L 131n n -=+． 【考点】等差数列的的定义；数列求和．19．（1）已知4a =r ，5b =r ，且a r 与b r 的夹角为60°，求23a b -r r 的值；（2）在矩形ABCD中，2AB BC ==，点E 为BC 的中点，点F 在CD 边上，若AB AF ⋅=u u u r u u u rAE BF ⋅u u u r u u u r的值.【答案】（1）13（2【解析】（1）对23a b -r r 进行平方运算，结合平面向量数量积的定义和运算性质求值，最后求出23a b -r r的值；（2）运用矩形的性质、平面向量共线定理、平面向量的基本定理，结合平面向量数量积的运算性质，根据已知的向量等式入手，最后求解即可. 【详解】（1）222234912-=+-⋅r r r r r ra b a b a b =169，得2313-=r r a b ；（2）矩形ABCD 中，0AB AD ⋅=uu u r uuu r∵点F 在边CD 上，∴设DF x DC x AB =⋅=⋅u u u r u u u r u u u r2()02AB AF AB AD x AB x AB x ∴⋅=⋅+⋅=+⋅=u u u r u u u r u u u r u u u r u u u r u u u r，x ∴= 12AE AB AD =+u u u r u u u r u u u r Q，12BF BC CF AD AB ⎛=+=-- ⎝⎭u u u r u u u r u u u r u u u r u u ur2211212222AE BF AD AB ⎛⎛∴⋅=--=--⋅= ⎝⎭⎝⎭u u u r u u u r u u u r u u u r 【点睛】本题考查了求平面向量的模，考查了平面向量数量积的运算，考查了平面向量基本定理的应用，考查了共线向量的应用，考查了数学运算能力.20．如图，A ，B是海面上位于东西方向相距(53海里的两个观测点，现位于A 点北偏东45°，B 点北偏西60°的D 点有一艘轮船发出求救信号，位于B 点南偏西60°且与B点相距C 点的救援船立即即前往营救，其航行速度为30海里/小时，该救援船到达D 点需要多长时间？【答案】救援船到达D 点需要1小时． 【解析】【详解】5(33)906030,45,105sin sin •sin 5(33)?sin 455(33)?sin 45sin sin105sin 45?cos 60sin 60?cos 45AB DBA DAB ADB DB AB DAB DAB ADB AB DAB DB ADB =+∠=︒-︒=︒∠=︒∴∠=︒∆=∠∠∠+︒+︒∴===∠︒︒︒+︒︒解：由题意知海里，在中，由正弦定理得海里又海里中，由余弦定理得,海里，则需要的时间答：救援船到达D 点需要1小时 21．已知内角的对边分别是，且222sin cos cos()ac A Ab ac A C =--+．（1）求角A ；（2）当sin cos 12B C π⎛⎫-+ ⎪⎝⎭取最大值时，求b a 的值．【答案】（1）4A π=；（2）22． 【解析】试题分析：（1）由余弦定理得sin cos 2cos cos ac A Aac B B =--，∴sin 21A =，即可求解角A 的值；（2）由（1）知34C B π=-，可化简sin cos sin 123B C B ππ⎛⎫⎛⎫-+==+ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭，即可求解当6B π=时有最大值，此时可求得b a 的值．试题解析：（1）由已知得：sin cos 2cos cos ac A A ac B B =--，∴sin 21A =，∴4A π= （2）由4A π=得34C B π=-， 5sin cos sin cos 126B C B B ππ⎛⎫⎛⎫∴-+=-- ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭13sin cos sin 223B B B π⎛⎫=+=+ ⎪⎝⎭，又30B 42B ππ<<≠且 ∴当6B π=时，sin cos 12B C π⎛⎫-+ ⎪⎝⎭取最大值1，此时sin 2sin 2b B a A == 【考点】余弦定理的应用；三角恒等变换的应用．【方法点晴】本题主要考查了三角形中的正弦定理、余弦定理、三角恒等变换和三角函数的最值等知识的综合应用，其中熟记三角恒等变换的公式和三角函数的性质是解答本题的关键，着重考查了转化与化归思想和推理与运算能力，本题的解答中化简sin cos sin 123B C B ππ⎛⎫⎛⎫-+==+ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭，确定6B π=时有最大值是解答本题的一个难点．22．已知等差数列{}n a 满足：()11,1n n a a n Na *+>∈=，该数列的前三项分别加上1、1、3后顺次成为等比数列{}nb 的前三项．（1）求数列{}n a 、{}n b 的通项公式；（2）设()*1212,n n n a a a T n N b b b =++⋅⋅⋅+∈若()2312n n n T c c Z n ++-<∈恒成立，求c 的最小值．【答案】（1）21n a n =-，2n n b =（2）3c = 【解析】试题分析：（1）根据等差数列及等比数列的定义求数列的通项公式；（2）一般地，如果数列是等差数列，是等比数列，求数列的前项的和时，可采用错位相减法求和，一般是和式两边同乘以等比数列的公比，然后做差求解；（3）对于恒成立的问题，常用到以下两个结论：（1），（2）.试题解析：（1）21n a n =-， 3分2n n b =6分（2）错位相减法得10分 要()2312n n n T c c Z n ++-<∈恒成立，则133n -<恒成立，又13n-单调递增， 得13[2,3)n-∈，所以最小的整数3c =12分 【考点】求数列的通项公式及恒成立问题.。

绝密★启用前重庆市大学城第一中学校2018-2019学年高一下学期期中数学试题试卷副标题注意事项：1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息 2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上第I 卷（选择题)请点击修改第I 卷的文字说明 一、单选题1．在等差数列{}n a 中，11a =，公差2d =，则7a 等于（ ） A ．13B ．14C ．15D ．162．在ABC ∆中，222a c b ab -+=，则角C 为（▲） A ．120︒B ．45︒或135︒C ．60︒D ．30︒3．已知向量a r =(3，4)，b r =(k ，2-k )，且a r ∥b r，则实数k ＝（ ） A ．8B ．－6C ．67D ．－434．已知{}n a 是由正数组成的等比数列，n S 表示{}n a 的前n 项的和．若13a =，24144a a =，则10S 的值是 （ ）A ．511B ．1023C ．1533D ．30695．在ABC ∆中，角,,A B C 的对边分别是,,a b c ，已知1,2,120a b C ===︒，则ABC ∆的外接圆半径（ ） A B ．3C D ．46．已知等比数列{}n a 的首项11a =公比2q =，则2122211log log log a a a +++=L （ ）……○……※※装※※订※……○……A．50 B．44 C．55 D．467．设ir，jr是两个夹角为120︒的单位向量，若向量(1)3a m i j=+-r r r，(1)b i m j=+-r r r，且()()a b a b+⊥-r r r r，则实数m的值为（）A．-2 B．2 C．54-D．不存在8．已知数列{n a}中，12211,3,n n naa a a a+++===则2021a=（）A．1tan AB．3-C．2 D．19．已知ABC∆内角,,A B C的对边分别是,,a b c，若1cos4B=，b=3，sin2sinC A=，则ABC∆的面积为（）A．8B C．8D．1610．已知整数对排列如下：（1，1），（1，2），（2，1），（1，3），（2，2），（3，1），（1，4），（2，3），（3，2），（4，1），（1，5），（2，4）......则第60个整数对是（）A．(5，7) B．(11，5) C．(7，5) D．(5，11)11．.锐角三角形ABC中，内角的对边分别为，若2B A=，则ba的取值范围是（）A．B．C．D．12．已知a，b，c为△ABC的三个内角A，B，C的对边，向量mr＝)1-，n r＝(cos A，sin A)，若mr与nr夹角为3π，则a cos B＋b cos A＝c sin C，则角B等于()A．6πB．3πC．4πD．23π第II卷（非选择题)请点击修改第II卷的文字说明二、填空题13．在ABC∆中，角,,A B C所对的边分别为,,a b c，若2,a c B===56π，则b＝___________14．若平面向量ar与br满足:2,1a b==rr,a b+=rr则ar与br的夹角………外…………○…………装…学校:___________姓名：………内…………○…………装…为 ．15．设三个非零向量,,a b c r r r，若a b c m a cb =++r r r r r r r ，那么m r 的取值范围为______．16．在数列{}n a 中，已知()112211,2(2)n n n a a a a a a n --==++++≥L ，则7a =_____. 三、解答题17．已知向量(3,4),(6,3),(5,3)OA OB OC x y =-=-=---u u u r u u u r ,(4,1)OD =u u u r． （1）若四边形ABCD 是平行四边形，求,x y 的值；（2）若ABC ∆为等腰直角三角形，且B ∠为直角，求,x y 的值． 18．已知数列{}n a 的通项公式为31n a n =-，前n 项和记为n S ． （1）求证：数列{}n a 是等差数列；（2）若nn S b n=，求12231111n n b b b b b b -+++L ()2n ≥． 19．（1）已知4a =r ，5b =r ，且a r 与b r的夹角为60°，求23a b -r r 的值；（2）在矩形ABCD 中，2AB BC ==，点E 为BC 的中点，点F 在CD 边上，若AB AF ⋅=u u u r u u u rAE BF ⋅u u u r u u u r的值.20．如图，A ，B 是海面上位于东西方向相距()533+海里的两个观测点，现位于A 点北偏东45°，B 点北偏西60°的D 点有一艘轮船发出求救信号，位于B 点南偏西60°且与B 点相距203海里的C 点的救援船立即即前往营救，其航行速度为30海里/小时，该救援船到达D 点需要多长时间？21．已知内角的对边分别是，且222sin cos cos()ac A Ab ac A C =--+．（1）求角A ；π⎛⎫b22．已知等差数列{}n a 满足：()11,1n n a a n N a*+>∈=，该数列的前三项分别加上1、1、3后顺次成为等比数列{}n b 的前三项． （1）求数列{}n a 、{}n b 的通项公式； （2）设()*1212,n n n a a a T n N b b b =++⋅⋅⋅+∈若()2312n n n T c c Z n++-<∈恒成立，求c 的最小值．参考答案1．A 【解析】 【分析】利用等差数列的通项公式直接求解即可. 【详解】在等差数列{}n a 中，因为11a =，公差2d =， 所以17613a a d =+=. 故选：A 【点睛】本题考查了等差数列通项公式的应用，属于基础题. 2．C 【解析】由余弦定理得：22201cos ,0,60.22a b c C C C ab π+-==<<∴=故选C3．C 【解析】 【分析】根据两平行向量坐标之间的关系，得到方程，求解方程即可. 【详解】因为a r ∥b r ，所以有：63(2)47k k k -=⇒=.故选：C 【点睛】本题考查了已知平行向量求参数问题，属于基础题. 4．D 【解析】试题分析：由等比数列的性质可得，，因为数列是由正数组成的等比数列，则，所以，又因为，所以，代入等比数列的前项和公式可得，，故选D.考点：等比数列的前项和. 5．C 【解析】 【分析】根据余弦定理可以求出边c ，再利用正弦定理求出ABC ∆的外接圆半径即可. 【详解】由余弦定理可知：2222cos 7c a b ab C c =+-⋅=⇒=由正弦定理可知：ABC ∆的外接圆半径为12sin 3c C ⋅=故选：C 【点睛】本题考查了利用正弦定理求三角形外接圆的半径，考查了余弦定理的应用，考查了数学运算能力. 6．C 【解析】 【分析】运用对数的运算公式，结合等比数列的通项公式和等差数列前n 项和公式求解即可. 【详解】121012310(110)102122211212112222log log log log log l (1222)2255og log .a a a a a a +++++⨯=⨯⨯⨯⨯==++=+=L L L L故选：C 【点睛】本题考查了等比数列的通项公式的应用，考查了等差数列前n 项和公式，考查了对数的运算公式，考查了数学运算能力. 7．C 【解析】【分析】根据平面向量垂直的性质，可以得到等式，再根据平面向量数量积的运算性质直接求解即可. 【详解】.因为()()a b a b +⊥-r r r r ，所以()()0a b a b +⋅-=r r r r .因此有220a b -=r r ，所以22a b =r r，即222211(1)(3)2(1)(3)()1(1)21(1)()22m m m m ++-+⋅+⋅-⋅-=+-+⋅⋅-⋅-，解得54m =-.故选：C 【点睛】本题考查了平面向量互相垂直的性质，考查了平面向量数量积的运算，考查了数学运算能力. 8．B 【解析】 【分析】用递推公式求出数列前几项可以发现数列具有周期性，求出周期，进而求出2021a 的值. 【详解】212112345671,3,2,1,3,2,1,,n n n n n n a a a a a a a a a a a a a ++++==∴=+=⇒=-=-=-=-=Q所以数列的周期为6，因此20213366553a a a ⨯+===-. 故选：B 【点睛】本题考查数列递推公式的应用，考查了数列的周期性，考查了数学运算能力. 9．D 【解析】 【分析】根据正弦定理可以由sin 2sin C A =得到相应边的关系，由余弦定理可以求出a 的值，进而求出c 的值，利用同角三角函数关系式求出sin B 的值，最后利用三角形面积公式求出面积即可. 【详解】根据正弦定理可知：由sin 2sin 2C A c a =⇒=，由余弦定理可知：222232cos 260,22c a b ab C a a a a =+-⋅⇒+-=⇒==-舍去，所以有23c a ==.因为1cos 4B =，(0,)B π∈，所以sin B ==，因此ABC ∆的面积为1sin 2S ac B =⋅=. 故选：D 【点睛】本题考查了正弦定理、余弦定理、三角形面积公式的应用，考查了同角的三角函数关系式，考查了数学运算能力. 10．A 【解析】 【分析】把这些整数对看成点的坐标，可以发现点的横坐标和纵坐标之间的关系，进而利用这个关系，结合等差数列前n 项和公式直接求解即可. 【详解】把这些整数对看成点的坐标，（1，1）它的横坐标和纵坐标之和为2； （1，2），（2，1），它们的横坐标和纵坐标之和为3； （1，3），（2，2），（3，1），它们的横坐标和纵坐标之和为4；（1，4），（2，3），（3，2），（4，1），它们的横坐标和纵坐标之和为5；L 因为1234567891055+++++++++=，所以第60个整数对，它的横坐标和纵坐标之和为12，它是第5个这样的数，它前四个数为： （1，11），（2，10），（3，9），（4，8），所以第五个数为（5，7）. 故选：A 【点睛】本题考查了整数对的特点，考查了数字关系推理能力，考查了等差数列前n 项和公式的应用，判断整数对中两整数和的关系是解题的关键. 11．B 【解析】 因为sin sin 22cos ,2(0,),sin sin 2b B A A B A a A A π====∈Q3(0,),(,)264C A A ππππ=-∈∴∈,所以ba∈.12．B 【解析】 【分析】根据向量夹角求得角A 的度数，再利用正弦定理求得C 即得解. 【详解】由已知得：sin 1cos ,322A A π-==所以2sin()1,3A π--= 所以.6A π=由正弦定理得：sin cos sin cos sin sin ,A B B A C C += 所以sin()sin sin ,A B C C +=又因为sin()sin()sin ,A B C C π+=-= 所以sin 1,C = 因为0,C π<< 所以,2C π= 所以.3B π=故选B. 【点睛】本题考查向量的数量积和正弦定理，属于中档题. 13．7 【解析】 【分析】利用余弦定理直接求解即可. 【详解】2222cos 27422(497b a c ac B b =+-⋅=+-⨯⨯=⇒=. 故答案为：7 【点睛】本题考查了余弦定理的应用，考查了数学运算能力. 14．060 【解析】试题分析：由a b +=r r 2227a a b b +⋅+=r r r r ，所以1a b ⋅=r r ，因此1,2a b cos a b a b ⋅〈〉==r r r r r r ，从而,60a b 〈〉=︒r r . 考点：向量的夹角、数量积的应用 15．[]0,3 【解析】试题分析：由题意得，22222()()()()2()a b c a b c a b a c b c m a c a c a a c cb b b b=++=+++++r r r r r r r r rr r r r r r r r r rr r rr r r 32()9a b ac b c a ac cb b=+++≤r r r r r r r r r rr r ，所以03m ≤≤r． 考点：向量的数量积的运算及向量的模．【方法点晴】本题主要考查了平面向量的数量积的运算及向量的模的求解，其中根据平面向量模的平方等于向量的平方和基本不等式求最值是解答本题的关键，着重考查了转化与化归思想和推理与运算能力的配用，属于中档试题，本题的解答中，利用向量模的平方等于向量的平方，求出m r的平方，利用基本不等式即可求解m r 的取值范围．16．486 【解析】 【分析】设数列{}n a 的前n 项和为n S .根据()12212(2)n n n a a a a a n --=++++≥L 可以判断数列{}n S 是等比数列，求出{}n S 的通项公式，最后求出7a 的值.【详解】 当2n ≥时，由()111122112223n n n n n n n n n n S a a a a S S S S S a a ------=⇒-==++⇒=++⇒L ，所以数列{}n S 是以1为首项，3为公比的等比数列，因此13(2)n n S n -=≥，显然1n =时成立，故13n n S -=，因此6577633486a S S =-=-=.故答案为：486【点睛】本题考查了等比数列的判定，考查了等比数列的通项公式的应用，考查了数学运算能力. 17．（1）2,5x y =-=-；（2）0{3x y ==-或2{3x y =-=．【解析】 试题分析：（1）根据四边形ABCD 为平行四边形，利用AD BC =u u u r u u u r ，即可求解,x y 的值；（2）利用ABC ∆为等腰直角三角形，且B ∠为直角，则AB BC ⊥u u u r u u u r 且AB BC =u u u r u u u r ，列出方程，即可求解,x y 的值．试题解析：（1）(1,5)AD =u u u r ，(1,)BC x y =---u u u r ，由AD BC =u u u r u u u r 得x=-2,y=-5．（2）(3,1),AB =Q u u u r (1,)BC x y =---u u u r ，若B ∠为直角，则AB BC ⊥u u u r u u u r， ∴3(1)0x y ---=， 又AB BC =u u u r u u u r ，∴22(1)10x y ++=，再由3(1)y x =--，解得0{3x y ==-或2{3x y =-=．考点：向量的运算及向量的垂直关系的应用．18．（1）证明见解析；（2）131n n -+． 【解析】试题分析：（1）由13n n a a +-=，利用等差数列的定义即可证明数列{}n a 为等差数列；（2）利用等差数列的求和公式，得232n n n S +=，可得312n n b +=，再利用裂项法求解数列的和．试题解析：（1）证明：∵1[3(1)1](31)]n n a a n n +-=+---＝3是常数，∴{}n a 是等差数列．（2）21(1)(1)323222n n n n n n n S na d n --+=+=+⨯=. ∴312n n S n b n +== ∴12231111n nb b b b b b -+++L 4111111[()()()]3477103231n n =-+-++--+L 131n n -=+． 考点：等差数列的的定义；数列求和．19．（1）13（2【解析】【分析】（1）对23a b -r r 进行平方运算，结合平面向量数量积的定义和运算性质求值，最后求出23a b -r r 的值；（2）运用矩形的性质、平面向量共线定理、平面向量的基本定理，结合平面向量数量积的运算性质，根据已知的向量等式入手，最后求解即可.【详解】（1）222234912-=+-⋅r r r r r r a b a b a b =169，得2313-=r r a b ；（2）矩形ABCD 中，0AB AD ⋅=uu u r uuu r∵点F 在边CD 上，∴设DF x DC x AB =⋅=⋅u u u r u u u r u u u r2()02AB AF AB AD x AB x AB x ∴⋅=⋅+⋅=+⋅=u u u r u u u r u u u r u u u r u u u r u u u r，2x ∴= 12AE AB AD =+u u u r u u u r u u u r Q，12BF BC CF AD AB ⎛=+=-- ⎝⎭u u u r u u u r u u u r u u u r u u u r22112122AE BF AD AB ⎛⎛∴⋅=--=-⋅= ⎝⎭⎝⎭u u u r u u u r u u u r u u u r 【点睛】本题考查了求平面向量的模，考查了平面向量数量积的运算，考查了平面向量基本定理的应用，考查了共线向量的应用，考查了数学运算能力.20．救援船到达D 点需要1小时．【解析】【详解】5(3906030,45,105sin sin •sin 5(3?sin 455(3?sin 45sin sin105sin 45?cos 60sin 60?cos 45AB DBA DAB ADB DB AB DAB DAB ADBAB DAB DB ADB =+∠=︒-︒=︒∠=︒∴∠=︒∆=∠∠∠+︒︒∴===∠︒︒︒+︒︒解：由题意知海里，在中，由正弦定理得 海里又海里 中，由余弦定理得, 海里，则需要的时间答：救援船到达D 点需要1小时21．（1）4A π=；（2）2． 【解析】试题分析：（1）由余弦定理得sin cos 2cos cos ac A A ac B B=--，∴sin 21A =，即可求解角A 的值；（2）由（1）知34C B π=-，可化简sin cos sin 123B C B ππ⎛⎫⎛⎫-+==+ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭，即可求解当6B π=时有最大值，此时可求得b a的值． 试题解析：（1）由已知得：sin cos 2cos cos ac A A ac B B =--，∴sin 21A =，∴4A π= （2）由4A π=得34CB π=-， 5sin cos sin cos 126BC B B ππ⎛⎫⎛⎫∴-+=-- ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭1sin sin 23B B B π⎛⎫=+=+ ⎪⎝⎭，又30B 42B ππ<<≠且∴当6B π=时，sin cos 12B C π⎛⎫-+ ⎪⎝⎭取最大值1，此时sin sin b B a A == 考点：余弦定理的应用；三角恒等变换的应用．【方法点晴】本题主要考查了三角形中的正弦定理、余弦定理、三角恒等变换和三角函数的最值等知识的综合应用，其中熟记三角恒等变换的公式和三角函数的性质是解答本题的关键，着重考查了转化与化归思想和推理与运算能力，本题的解答中化简sin cos sin 123B C B ππ⎛⎫⎛⎫-+==+ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭，确定6B π=时有最大值是解答本题的一个难点． 22．（1）21n a n =-，2n n b =（2）3c =【解析】试题分析：（1）根据等差数列及等比数列的定义求数列的通项公式；（2）一般地，如果数列是等差数列，是等比数列，求数列的前项的和时，可采用错位相减法求和，一般是和式两边同乘以等比数列的公比，然后做差求解；（3）对于恒成立的问题，常用到以下两个结论：（1），（2）. 试题解析：（1）21n a n =-， 3分2n n b =6分（2）错位相减法得10分 要()2312n n n T c c Z n ++-<∈恒成立，则133n -<恒成立，又13n-单调递增， 得13[2,3)n-∈，所以最小的整数3c =12分 考点：求数列的通项公式及恒成立问题.。

2018-2019学年重庆市大学城第一中学高一下学期期中考试化学试题（解析版）考试时间：90分钟满分：100分一、选择题:本题共16小题，每小题3分，共48分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项符合题目要求的。

1.下列各项表达式不正确的是（）A. N2的电子式：B. 二氧化碳分子的结构式为 O=C=OC. NaCl的电子式：D. F－的结构示意图：【答案】C【解析】【详解】A.氮气分子中存在氮氮三键，氮气的电子式为：，故不选A；B.二氧化碳中存在两个碳氧双键，结构式为：O=C=O，故不选B；C.氯化钠为离子化合物，电子式中应该标出离子所带的电荷，正确的电子式为：，故选C；D.氟离子核电荷数为9，核外电子数为10，其离子结构示意图为：，故不选D；答案：C【点睛】注意掌握常见化学用语的概念及表示方法，明确离子化合物电子式与共价化合物的电子式的表示方法及区别。

2.下列排列顺序错误的是（）A. 酸性 H2SiO3＜H3PO4＜H2SO4＜HClO4B. 碱性 Ca(OH)2＞Mg(OH)2＞Al(OH)3C. 稳定性SiH4＞NH3＞H2O＞HFD. 半径 O2-＞F－＞Mg2＋＞Al3＋【答案】C【解析】【详解】A.同一周期从左到右非金属性增强，非金属性越强，最高价氧化物的水化物的酸性越强，因此酸性 H2SiO3＜H3PO4＜H2SO4＜HClO4，故不选A；B.同一主族从上到下金属性增强，同一周期从左到右金属性减弱；金属性越强，最高价氧化物的水化物的碱性越强，因此碱性 Ca(OH)2＞Mg(OH)2＞Al(OH)3，故不选B；C.非金属性越强，气态氢化物越稳定，稳定性SiH4<NH3<H2O<HF,故选C；D.核外电子排布相同的微粒，其微粒半径随原子序数的增大而减小，因此半径O 2-＞F －＞Mg 2＋＞Al 3＋，故不选D ； 答案：C3.下列有关13C 、15N 的叙述正确的是（ ） A. 13C 与15N 有相同的中子数 B. C 60与13C 互为同素异形体 C. 15N 与14N 互为同位素 D. 15N 的核外电子数与中子数相同【答案】C 【解析】【详解】A. 13C 中子数13-6=7与15N 有中子数15-7=8，中子数不相等，故A 错误； B.同素异形体是同种元素形成的不同单质，13C 是原子不是单质，故B 错误；C.同位素指质子数相同、中子数不同的同一元素的不同核素，因此15N 与14N 互为同位素，故C 正确； D. 15N 的核外电子数为7，中子数为15-7=8，电子数与中子数不相等，故D 错误； 答案：C4.下列关于化学反应与能量的说法，正确的是（ ）A. 放热反应都能自发进行，吸热反应需要在加热的条件下才能进行B. 在化学反应中，反应物的总能量总是等于生成物的总能量C. 化学键断裂吸收能量，化学键形成放出能量D. 只有化学反应中才有能量的变化 【答案】C 【解析】【详解】A.放热反应不一定能自发进行，比如铁的燃烧虽然是放热反应，但是需要提供高温才能引发，硫酸铵结晶水合物和氢氧化钡的反应在常温下就能进行，但属于吸热反应，故A 错误；B.在化学反应过程中反应物的总能量不等于生成物的总能量，对于放热反应，反应物总能量大于生成物总能量；对于吸热反应，反应物总能量小于生成物总能量，故B 错误； C 化学键的断裂吸收能量，化学键的生成释放能量，故C 正确；D.不只有化学反应中才有能量的变化，例如物质的三态变化就涉及了能量的变化，故D 错误； 答案：C【点睛】本题是对化学变化与能量的考查，解决的关键是明确化学变化的实质与化学键的关系。

重庆大一中高一年级下期第一次月考学科：英语第Ⅰ卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

第二部分阅读理解 (共两节，满分40 分)第一节(共15小题: 每题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和D) 中，选出最佳答案选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

AEasy Steam Mop（拖把）￡29.99WAS￡79.99Save￡50Buy 2 or more and get an extra 5% offProduct DescriptionUse the power of steam to clean and disinfect（消毒）your home in minutes without using expensive and harmful detergents（洗涤剂）.Perfect for use throughout the home, this steam mop heats up almost instantly and takes just eight seconds to kill bacteria from any area it targets.It works by changing water into steam using a microfiber cloth to enhance the ability to absorb liquid, and features a clever triangular mop head and swivel joint （旋转接头）to allow it to reach into comers and other spaces that many similar cleaning tools cannot. The 1,300W motor helps the mop reach temperatures of between 90-100℃,making it suitable for all heat-resistant floors including hardwood, tiles and stone.Comes apart for easy storage. 2 x microfiber cloths included.Additional pack if three spare mop heads are also availableEasy Steam Mop White/Green: D6430Easy Steam Mop White/Blue: D7149Spare Pads~3 packs: D6431Standard Delivery—Only £ 3. 95Please note standard delivery on all items is only £ 3.95；delivery charge applies per orderregardless of number of items purchased. Delivery to Northern Ireland, Isle of Man, Scottish Highlands and Islands is £ 6.95. Delivery to the Channel Islands and Scilly Isles is £ 14.95. Delivery to Eire is £ 9.95 and deliveries to BFWO postal addresses are £ 6.95.Satisfaction GuaranteedFor your complete piece of mind, our Home and Garden products may be returned to us within 30 days of purchase for a refund of the purchase price. Items must be returned unused.21. What is the right description of the mop mentioned above?A. It uses the power of steam to work.B. It isn't suitable for a hardwood floor.C. It can reach the temperature of 130℃.D. It needs five seconds to kill bacteria.22. In which two places is delivery charge the same?A. Northern Ireland and Scilly Isles.B. Scottish Highlands and Islands and Eire.C. Isle of Man and Northern Ireland.D. The Channel Islands and Eire.23. Where can you probably find this passage?A. In a business magazine.B. On an e-shopping website.C. On a teenage website.D. In an exhibition guide.BOnce upon a time, lion, the king of woods came to God and said, “Thank you, my Lord! You have given me a perfect body and let me control the whole woods.” Hearing this, the God smiled. “But your purpose for coming here should not only be this. It seems that you are e mbarrassed by something.”Then, the lion made a short roar. “Yes, my Lord! As a matter of fact, I do need your help. Although I’m strong, I have been frightened by the cry of the cock every morning. My lord, please make the cock not cry every morning!” Ins tead of answering the lion’s request, God said, “You can turn to the elephant; and he will give you a satisfying explanation.”The lion ran to the elephant with joy. But he found the elephant was stamping(跺脚) with anger when he got there. “What makes you so angry?” “An annoying mosquito has been trying to get into my ear. It almost makes me mad.”The lion left the elephant and understood the meaning of the God.Everybody will meet embarrassment in his or her life, no matter how strong or powerful he or she is. Most of the time, others cannot help us. It is unnecessary and useless to blame the unfairness of the world. There are positive aspects at any occasion. Embarrassment can become opportunity if you try to face and enjoy it. It is also opportunity for you to strengthen yourself.24. According to the text, the reason why the lion came to the God is that _______.A. he turned to the God for helpB. he begged the God to punish the cockC. he praised the God for giving him so muchD. h e sought God’s advice on how to make the cock not cry himself25. How do you understand the underlined part “the meaning of the God” in Paragraph 4?A. Learn to tolerate whatever other may do to you.B. Treat others the same way you are treated by others.C. Believe in whoever will help you when you are in need of helpD. When meeting embarrassment in life, you cannot always get help from others.26. The author’s purpose of writing the passage is most likely to ________.A. entertainB. informC. persuadeD. describe27. If poor in English, what would you do after reading this passage?A. accept the fact that English is difficult to learnB. cheer yourself on and learn English harderC. give up learning English and let it beD. spend the energy and time spent on English on excellent MathsCIn the US, many people prefer sports and sports are not just for fun. They’re almost a “religion”. Thousands of sports fans buy expensive tickets to watch their favorite teams and athletes play in person. Other fans watch the games at home, sticking to their TV sets, never missing a game. Many a wife becomes a “sports widow”during her husband’s favorite season. Americans' devotion to sports has created a new class of wealthy people: professional athletes. Sports stars often receive million dollar salaries. Some even make big money by appearing in advertisements for soft drinks, shoes and almost everything.Sports are an important part of American culture. Throughout their school life, Americans learn to play many sports. Many students try out for the school teams. Athletic events at universities attract scores of fans and benefit the whole community. Many people also enjoy noncompetitive activities, like hiking, cycling, horseback riding, camping or hunting.Many sports were imported from other countries. Europeans brought tennis, golf, bowling and boxing to America. Football and baseball came from other Old World games. Only basketball has a truly American origin. Americans export sports fever as well. Satellites broadcast games to sports fans around the globe. NBA is a good example. The names of American superstars like basketball great Michael Jordan have become household words allover the world.28. Many a wife becomes a“sports widow”in th e US probably because .A. they are serious in religionB. their husbands stick to sportsC. they are devoted to sportsD. their husbands are missing29. Which of the following is NOT true according to Para. 2?A. The US sports stars can earn a large sum of money via the media.B. American people like to exchange different sports from each other...C. Lots of American people take part in noncompetitive activities.D. American students go in for various sports and athletic events.30. We can infer from the passage that .A. most Americans like competitionB. all the Americans are sports fansC. sports culture influences the worldD. America has invented many sports31. The writer mainly intends to tell us that .A. how important sports are in AmericaB. where sports can help to make moneyC. why sports are so popular in AmericaD. what affect American’s everyday lifeDThe sharing economy, represented by companies like Airbnb or Uber, is the latest fashion craze. But many supporters have overlooked the reality that this new business model is largely based on escaping regulations and breaking the law.Airbnb is an internet-based service that allows people to rent out spare rooms to strangers for short stays. Uber is an internet taxi service that allows thousands of people to answer ride requests with their own cars. There are hundreds of other such services.The good thing about the sharing economy is that it promotes the use of underused resources. Millions of people have houses or apartments with empty rooms, and Airbnb allows them to profit from these rooms while allowing guests a place to stay at prices that are often far less than those charged by hotels. Uber offers prices that arecompetitive with standard taxi prices and their drivers are often much quicker and more trustworthy.But the downside of the sharing economy has gotten much less attention. Most cities and states both tax and regulate hotels, and the tourists who stay in hotels are usually an important source of tax income. But many of Airhnb’s customers are not paying the taxes required under the law.Airbnb can also raise issues of safety for its customers and trouble for hosts' neighbors. Hotels are regularly inspected（检查） to ensure that they are not fire traps and that they don't form other risks for visitors. Airbnb hosts face no such inspections.Since Airbnb is allowing people to escape taxes and regulations, the company is simply promoting thefts. Others in the economy will lose by bearing an additional tax burden or being forced to live next to an apartment unit with a never-ending series of noisy visitors.The same story may apply with Uber. Uber is currently in disputes over whether its cars meet the safety and insurance requirements imposed on standard taxis. Also, if Uber and related services flood the market, they could harm all taxi drivers' ability to earn a minimum wage.This downside of the sharing needs to be taken seriously, but that doesn't mean the current tax and regulatory structure is perfect.32. What is the positive thing about the sharing economy?A. It makes use of spare resources.B. It is beyond regulations.C. It is a global trend.D. It brings in modest profits.33. What is the problem with Airbnb customers according to the passage?A. They are not regularly inspected.B. They may disturb hosts’ neighbours.C. They are not allowed to escape taxes.D. They are likely to commit thefts.34. What is the argument over Uber according to the passage?A. Whether it lowers customers' expenses.B. Whether it provides reliable services.C. Whether it guarantees customers' safety.D. Whether it can compete with standard taxis.35. What will be talked about in the following paragraphs?A. Existing regulations and laws.B. Necessary improvements of current laws.C. Further development of Airbnb and Uber.D. More downsides of Airbnb and Uber.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

2018-2019学年重庆大学城第一中学校高一下学期期中考试政治试题一、选择题（本大题共24小题，每小题2分，共48分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。

）1.2018年夏，影片《我不是药神》火爆全国，不断刷新我国的票房记录，截止9月8日，其票房记录已突破30.97亿元人民币大关。

在这里：①该影片是商品，因为它凝结着人类无差别的人类劳动②该影片不是商品，因为它是无形的劳动产品③该影片没有价值，只有使用价值④该影片既有使用价值又有价值A.①③B.②③C.①④D.②④2.2018年6月，万先生用银行按揭贷款的方式买了一套84万元的新房，首付现金28万元，然后在15年内付清银行贷款56万元和利息19.8万元。

在这一购房过程中，房价84万元、首付28万元、支付利息19.8万元分别体现的货币职能是：A.支付手段、流通手段、价值尺度B.价值尺度、支付手段、流通手段C.价值尺度、流通手段、支付手段D.支付手段、价值尺度、流通手段3.2018年4月18～23日，中国人民银行“2018年贺岁双色铜合金纪念币”(第三批)在全国开展预约发行。

该纪念币面额为10元，与同面额人民币等值流通。

对于纪念币，下列理解错误的是：①该纪念币具有与现行流通人民币相同职能②纪念币的面值是由国家规定的③纪念币的购买力是由国家规定的④纪念币不可直接用于购买商品A.①②B.②④C.①③D.③④4.2018年3月4日，美元对人民币汇率中间价为：1美元兑换人民币6.567元；2018年9月4日，美元对人民币汇率中间价为：1美元兑换人民币6.9526元。

这表明：①美元对人民币的汇率升高，有利于中国商品出口美国②美元对人民币的汇率跌落，有利于“海淘”美国商品③人民币贬值，不利于中国人到美国旅游④人民币升值，有利于增加对美国的投资A.①②B.③④C.①③D.②④5.根据下图，下列属于自觉遵循和利用价值规律的是①跟着价格走，A处扩大生产，B处缩小生产②A、B两处均需提高劳动生产率，降低成本③B处停产该商品，转产其他产品④B处降低成本求生存，以占据价格回升先机A.①②B.①③C.②④D.③④6.随着科技的进步，智能化产品逐渐进入了人们的视线，但智能家居的高昂价格让不少人望而却步。

重庆市大学城第一中学2018-2019学年高一下学期期中考试物理试题(word无答案)一、单选题(★) 1 . 关于物体做曲线运动的条件，以下说法中正确的是（）A. 物体在恒力作用下，不可能做曲线运动B. 物体在受到与速度不在同一直线上合外力的作用下，一定做曲线运动C. 物体在变力作用下，一定做曲线运动D. 物体在变力作用下，不可能做匀速圆周运动(★★) 2 . 一个物体在力 F 1、 F 2、 F 3等几个力的共同作用下，做匀速直线运动．若突然撤去力F 1后，则物体()．A．可能做曲线运动B．不可能继续做直线运动C．必然沿F1的方向做直线运动D．必然沿F1的反方向做匀加速直线运动(★) 3 . 一艘船在静水中的速度为3m/s，今欲过一条宽为60 m的河,若已知水的流速为4 m/s,则船过河的最短时间为A．20s B．15s C．12s D．10s(★) 4 . 某星球的质量约为地球的9倍，半径约为地球的一半，若从地球上高 h处平抛一物体，射程为60m，则在该星球上，从同样高度，以同样的初速度平抛同一物体，射程应为（）A．10m B．15m C．90m D．360m(★★) 5 . 据媒体报道,嫦娥一号卫星环月工作轨道为圆轨道,轨道高度200 km,运用周期127分钟。

若还知道引力常量和月球平均半径,仅利用以上条件不能求出的是A. 月球表面的重力加速度B. 月球对卫星的吸引力C. 卫星绕月球运行的速度D. 卫星绕月运行的加速度(★★) 6 . 如图所示，木块 B上表面是水平的，当木块 A置于 B上，并与 B保持相对静止，一起沿固定的光滑斜面由静止开始下滑，在下滑过程中（）A．A所受的合外力对A不做功B．B所受的合外力对B不做功C．B对A的摩擦力做正功D．B对A的弹力做正功(★★) 7 . 如图所示，开始时A、B间的细绳呈水平状态，现由计算机控制物体A的运动，使其恰好以速度v A沿竖直杆匀速下滑，经细绳通过定滑轮拉动物体B在水平面上运动，则下列v－t图象中，最接近物体B的运动情况的是()。

重庆大一中18-19下期高2020届下期第一次月考学科：英语第二部分阅读理解 (共两节，满分40 分)第一节(共15小题: 每题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和D) 中，选出最佳答案选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

AEasy Steam Mop（拖把）￡29.99WAS￡79.99Save￡50Buy 2 or more and get an extra 5% offProduct DescriptionUse the power of steam to clean and disinfect（消毒）your home in minutes without using expensive and harmful detergents（洗涤剂）.Perfect for use throughout the home, this steam mop heats up almost instantly and takes just eight seconds to kill bacteria from any area it targets.It works by changing water into steam using a microfiber cloth to enhance the ability to absorb liquid, and features a clever triangular mop head and swivel joint （旋转接头）to allow it to reach into comers and other spaces that many similar cleaning tools cannot. The 1,300W motor helps the mop reach temperatures of between 90-100℃, making it suitable for all heat-resistant floors including hardwood, tiles and stone.Comes apart for easy storage. 2 x microfiber cloths included.Additional pack if three spare mop heads are also availableEasy Steam Mop White/Green: D6430Easy Steam Mop White/Blue: D7149Spare Pads~3 packs: D6431Standard Delivery—Only £ 3. 95Please note standard delivery on all items is only £ 3.95；delivery charge applies per orderregardless of number of items purchased. Delivery to Northern Ireland, Isle of Man, Scottish Highlands and Islands is £ 6.95. Delivery to the Channel Islands and Scilly Isles is £ 14.95. Delivery to Eire is £ 9.95 and deliveries to BFWO postal addresses are £ 6.95.Satisfaction GuaranteedFor your complete piece of mind, our Home and Garden products may be returned to us within 30 days of purchase for a refund of the purchase price. Items must be returned unused.21. What is the right description of the mop mentioned above?A. It uses the power of steam to work.B. It isn't suitable for a hardwood floor.C. It can reach the temperature of 130℃.D. It needs five seconds to kill bacteria.22. In which two places is delivery charge the same?A. Northern Ireland and Scilly Isles.B. Scottish Highlands and Islands and Eire.C. Isle of Man and Northern Ireland.D. The Channel Islands and Eire.23. Where can you probably find this passage?A. In a business magazine.B. On an e-shopping website.C. On a teenage website.D. In an exhibition guide.BOnce upon a time, lion, the king of woods came to God and said, “Thank you,my Lord! You have given me a perfect body and let me control the whole woods.” Hearing this, the God smiled. “But your purpose for coming here should not only be this. It seems that you are embarrassed by something.”Then, the lion made a short roar. “Yes, my Lord! As a matter of fact, I do need your help. Although I’m strong, I have been frightened by the cry of the cock every morni ng. My lord, please make the cock not cry every morning!” Instead of answering the lion’s request, God said, “You can turn to the elephant; and he will give you a satisfying explanation.”The lion ran to the elephant with joy. But he found the elephant was stamping(跺脚) with anger when he got there. “What makes you so angry?” “An annoying mosquito has been trying to get into my ear. It almost makes me mad.”The lion left the elephant and understood the meaning of the God.Everybody will meet embarrassment in his or her life, no matter how strong or powerful he or she is. Most of the time, others cannot help us. It is unnecessary and useless to blame the unfairness of the world. There are positive aspects at any occasion. Embarrassment can become opportunity if you try to face and enjoy it. It is also opportunity for you to strengthen yourself.24. According to the text, the reason why the lion came to the God is that _______.A. he turned to the God for helpB. he begged the God to punish the cockC. he praised the God for giving him so muchD. h e sought God’s advice on how to make the cock not cry himself25. How do you understand the underlined part “the meaning of the God” in Paragraph 4?A. Learn to tolerate whatever other may do to you.B. Treat others the same way you are treated by others.C. Believe in whoever will help you when you are in need of helpD. When meeting embarrassment in life, you cannot always get help from others.26. The author’s purpose of writing the passage is most likely to ________.A. entertainB. informC. persuadeD. describe27. If poor in English, what would you do after reading this passage?A. accept the fact that English is difficult to learnB. cheer yourself on and learn English harderC. give up learning English and let it beD. spend the energy and time spent on English on excellent MathsCIn the US, many people prefer sports and sports are not just for fun. They’re almost a “religion”. Thousands of sports fans bu y expensive tickets to watch their favorite teams and athletes play in person. Other fans watch the games at home, sticking to their TV sets, never missing a game. Many a wife becomes a “sports widow”during her husband’s favorite season. Americans' devotion to sports has created a new class of wealthy people: professional athletes. Sports stars often receive million dollar salaries. Some even make big money by appearing in advertisements for soft drinks, shoes and almost everything.Sports are an important part of American culture. Throughout their school life, Americans learn to play many sports. Many students try out for the school teams. Athletic events at universities attract scores of fans and benefit the whole community. Many people also enjoy noncompetitive activities, like hiking, cycling, horseback riding, camping or hunting.Many sports were imported from other countries. Europeans brought tennis, golf, bowling and boxing to America. Football and baseball came from other Old World games. Only basketball has a truly American origin. Americans export sports fever as well. Satellites broadcast games to sports fans around the globe. NBA is a good example.The names of American superstars like basketball great Michael Jordan have become household words allover the world.28. Many a wife becomes a“sports widow”in the US probably because .A. they are serious in religionB. their husbands stick to sportsC. they are devoted to sportsD. their husbands are missing29. Which of the following is NOT true according to Para. 2?A. The US sports stars can earn a large sum of money via the media.B. American people like to exchange different sports from each other...C. Lots of American people take part in noncompetitive activities.D. American students go in for various sports and athletic events.30. We can infer from the passage that .A. most Americans like competitionB. all the Americans are sports fansC. sports culture influences the worldD. America has invented many sports31. The writer mainly intends to tell us that .A. how important sports are in AmericaB. where sports can help to make moneyC. why sports are so popular in AmericaD. what affect American’s everyday lifeDThe sharing economy, represented by companies like Airbnb or Uber, is the latest fashion craze. But many supporters have overlooked the reality that this new business model is largely based on escaping regulations and breaking the law.Airbnb is an internet-based service that allows people to rent out spare roomsto strangers for short stays. Uber is an internet taxi service that allows thousands of people to answer ride requests with their own cars. There are hundreds of other such services.The good thing about the sharing economy is that it promotes the use of underused resources. Millions of people have houses or apartments with empty rooms, and Airbnb allows them to profit from these rooms while allowing guests a place to stay at prices that are often far less than those charged by hotels. Uber offers prices that are competitive with standard taxi prices and their drivers are often much quicker and more trustworthy.But the downside of the sharing economy has gotten much less attention. Most cities and states both tax and regulate hotels, and the tourists who stay in hotels are usually an important source of tax income. But many of Airhnb’s customers are not paying the taxes required under the law.Airbnb can also raise issues of safety for its customers and trouble for hosts' neighbors. Hotels are regularly inspected（检查） to ensure that they are not fire traps and that they don't form other risks for visitors. Airbnb hosts face no such inspections.Since Airbnb is allowing people to escape taxes and regulations, the company is simply promoting thefts. Others in the economy will lose by bearing an additional tax burden or being forced to live next to an apartment unit with a never-ending series of noisy visitors.The same story may apply with Uber. Uber is currently in disputes over whether its cars meet the safety and insurance requirements imposed on standard taxis. Also, if Uber and related services flood the market, they could harm all taxi drivers' ability to earn a minimum wage.This downside of the sharing needs to be taken seriously, but that doesn't mean the current tax and regulatory structure is perfect.32. What is the positive thing about the sharing economy?A. It makes use of spare resources.B. It is beyond regulations.C. It is a global trend.D. It brings in modest profits.33. What is the problem with Airbnb customers according to the passage?A. They are not regularly inspected.B. They may disturb hosts’ neighbours.C. They are not allowed to escape taxes.D. They are likely to commit thefts.34. What is the argument over Uber according to the passage?A. Whether it lowers customers' expenses.B. Whether it provides reliable services.C. Whether it guarantees customers' safety.D. Whether it can compete with standard taxis.35. What will be talked about in the following paragraphs?A. Existing regulations and laws.B. Necessary improvements of current laws.C. Further development of Airbnb and Uber.D. More downsides of Airbnb and Uber.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

重庆市第一中学2018-2019学年高二英语下学期期中试题英语试题卷共9页。

满分150分。

考试时间120分钟。

注意事项：1. 答题前，务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡规定的位置上。

2. 答选择题时，必须使用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

3. 答非选择题时，必须使用0.5毫米黑色签字笔，将答案书写在答题卡规定的位置上。

4. 所有题目必须在答题卡上作答，在试题卷上答题无效。

第I卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1. What does the woman suggest?A. They don’t have to go to the concert.B. His brother will let them use the car.C. The bus is fine for them.2. What do we know about the match?A. It can’t be much fun.B. It must be exciting.C. It may be put off.3. What is wrong with the printer?A. It doesn’t flash.B. There isn’t ink.C. It’s broken.4. What is the woman interested in?A. Sports.B. Fashion.C. Politics.5. What are the two speakers mainly talking about?A. New dictionaries.B. Language forms.C. The development of languages.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。