新余四中2021届高考年级上学期第一次段考英语试
卷
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What’s John doing now?
A. Playing football.
B. Watching TV.
C. Studying.
2. What can the man do?
A. Swim.
B. Play soccer.
C. Play basketball.
3. When will the meeting be over?
A. At 11:00.
B. At 10:00.
C. At 9:30.
4. What does the woman think of the play?
A. Terrible.
B. Just so-so.
C. Great.
5. What’s the weather like now?
A. Snowy.
B. Rainy.
C. Sunny.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。
6. Where does the man want to go?
A. The library.
B. The lab.
C. The café.
7. What’s the man’s major?
A. Psychology.
B. Physics.
C. Chemistry.
听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10三个小题。
8. Where is the woman going first?
A. The classroom.
B. The library.
C. The gym.
9. What will the woman do in the library?
A. Borrow some books.
B. Return some books.
C. Study for the exam.
10. Why do the speakers go to the gym?
A. To watch a game.
B. To take a PE class.
C. To go swimming.
听下面一段对话，回答第11至第13三个小题。
11. What do we know about the man?
A. He is in poor health.
B. He wants to stay at home today.
C. He hasn’t finished his homework yet.
12. What relation is Mr. Bell to the man?
A. His neighbor.
B. His teacher.
C. His father.
13. What does the man ask the woman to do?
A. Help him hand in his project.
B. Call to ask for leave.
C. Drive him to school right now.
听下面一段对话，回答第14至第16三个小题。
14. What will the man do in the late afternoon?
A. Give a speech.
B. Write a magazine article.
C. Prepare some materials.
15. Where will the man have dinner tonight?
A. At home.
B. In the office.
C. In a meeting room.
16. How will the man go back home?
A. By bus.
B. By car.
C. By taxi.
听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。
17. What can we learn about Pedal Power?
A. It was started in 1996.
B. It gives bicycles to people for free.
C. It sends bicycles to poor areas regularly.
18. What happened to Pedal Power in August 2000?
A. It couldn’t meet its costs.
B. It won an Enterprise Award.
C. It was criticized by the British media.
19. When did Dan Pearman go to Ecuador?
A. In 1993.
B. In 1998.
C. In 2001.
20. Why was Dan Pearman’s neighbor successful in business?
A. He offered many jobs to craftsmen in the town.
B. He was the most skilled craftsman in the village.
C. He could reach customers easily by riding his bike.
第二部分阅读理解（共2节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）
A
What’s on your travel list for 2020? I’ve consulted several travel experts to find out the top places in the USA worth visiting in 2020.
Where: New Orleans, Louisiana
Why: New Orleans is known for its music and food scene, not to mention the festivals. It has about 130 festivals each year so there’s really no bad time to visit. Bourbon Street is the obvious choice for food, drink and jazz and it’s definitely a must-visit location, especially for first-timers to the city.
Where:Vail Village, Colorado
Why:Vail is the perfect destination for travelers looking to find almost everything in one central spot. Stay at the amazing Four Seasons Resort and Residences Vail to be steps away from Vail Village, a popular town with cobblestone (鹅卵石) streets for wandering leisurely. The country’s largest free transportation system runs frequently, making it easy to access almost anywhere from Vail Village to Lionshead Village.
Where: Hudson Valley, New York
Why:The Hudson Valley is where New Yorkers go to escape the city when they need a healthy dose of nature and relaxation. Just an hour and half north of New York City, the Hudson Valley is made up of small, impossibly charming towns, where the air is fresher and things do move slower in the mountains.
21. You can enjoy different things in New Orleans EXCEPT ________.
A. scenery
B. music
C. festivals
D. food
22. Which place would you prefer if you like wandering leisurely?
A. Bourbon Street
B. Vail Village.
C. Lionshead Village.
D. New Orleans.
23. What can New Yorkers enjoy in the Hudson Valley?
A. Ancient towns.
B. Healthy diets.
C. Slow movement.
D. Inner peace.
B
The African grey parrot’s ability to talk and mimic sounds makes it a charming com panion. African grey owners often report that their greys oftentimes talk in context and can understand their people’s emotions (情感). The African grey parrot is not just a top talker — this bird is also known for its extreme intelligence, which gives them the name “The Einsteins of the Bird World”.
The bird is medium-sized, dusty-looking and almost pigeon-like. It has a bright red tail, intelligent orange eyes, and a stunning scalloped (扇形的) pattern to its feathers. Their diet in the wild consists mostly of nuts, seeds, fruits, and leafy matter.
At home, African greys need plenty of toys that challenge their intelligence, such as food searching and puzzle toys. Nutri-Berries by Lafeber Company are a perfect choice, which, with a balance of grains, seeds and other nutrients in the shape of a berry, encourages African greys to hold, bite off, and even play with, just as they do in the wild.
African greys seem especially affected by stress and disturbing noise in their environment and can be put more at ease by placing one corner of the cage against a wall as opposed to in the middle of a room.
African grey parrots are more likely to suffer from lack of Vitamin-A/beta-carotene, and therefore benefit from eating vegetables high in beta-carotene, such as cooked sweet potato and fresh kale. Lack of Vitamin-D is another concern, especially for greys on a poor diet. Offering a balanced, pill-shaped diet, such as Nutri-Berries, helps prevent vitamin and mineral shortage.
24. Why are African grey parrots called “The Einsteins of the Bird World”?
A. Because of their brain size.
B. Due to their talking ability.
C. Owing to their rich emotions.
D. On account of their intelligence.
25. What can “Nutri-Berries” probably be?
A. A brand of bird food.
B. Puzzle toys for birds.
C. A type of round fruit.
D. Wild Intelligence games.
26. What is the characteristic of African grey parrots?
A. They may get ill due to lack of Vitamin
B. B. They are smart and love to have fun.
C. They are dusty looking with blue eyes.
D. They prefer to stay in the middle of the room.
27. Where can we most probably find the passage?
A. In a wildlife magazine.
B. In science fiction.
C. In a travel guide.
D. On a shopping website.
C
It's hard for doctors to do a thorough eye exam on small children. But a new smartphone app takes advantage of parents' fondness for taking pictures of their children to look for signs that a child might be developing an eye disease.
The app is the result of a father's five-year quest to find a way to catch the earliest signs of eye diseases, and prevent loss of vision. Five years ago, doctors diagnosed (诊断) Noah Shaw's retinoblastoma --- a rare type of eye cancer --- when he was 4 months old. To make the diagnosis, the doctors shined a light into Noah's eye, and got a pale reflection from the back of the eyeball, an indication that there was something wrong there. Noah's father Bryan, a scientist, wondered if he could see that same pale reflection in pictures of his baby son.Sure enough, he saw the reflection, which doctors call"white eye", in a picture taken right after Noah was born.
Then Bryan decided to create an app that could scan photos for signs of this reflection. Now, that app exists, called CRADLE. To test the app, Bryan and his colleagues analyzed more than 50,000 pictures taken of 40 children. Half had no eye disease and half had. "On average, the app detected 'white eye ' in pictures collected 1.3 years before diagnosis," says Bryan.
The app isn't perfect. It sometimes misses "white eye" when it's there, and sometimes says it's there when it's not. That latter condition is a problem. Even though the so-called false positive occurs less than 1% of the time, that's not good enough. There are about 4 million children born in the U.S.each year. A 1% false positive rate would mean tens of thousands of children showing up at the doctor unnecessarily.
Still, Bryan is upbeat about the promise of the app. "This is exciting new technology, and this is how I think we're going to go about screening for a number of diseases in the future,” he
says.
28. What inspired Bryan to create CRADLE?
A. His son's diagnosis.
B. His family photos.
C. His hobby of taking pictures.
D. His working experience as a scientist.
29. What do we know about "white eye”？
A. It is a sign of some eye diseases.
B. It hardly causes serious loss of vision.
C. It refers to the white part of an eyeball.
D. It occurs when no light is reflected from the eye.
30. Why is a 1% false positive rate still a problem?
A. It may delay the treatment of a patient.
B. It may badly affect the future of the app.
C. It may raise serious doubts about doctors.
D. It may cause a waste of medical resources.
31. Which of the following can best replace the underlined word "upbeat" in the last paragraph?
A. Curious.
B. Cautious.
C. Optimistic.
D. Worried.
D
In a classic episode (片段) of The Simpions, Homer's class reunion ends in shame when one of Homer's guilty secrets is exposed: he never graduated from high school. To get this diploma, he must pass a science test. As he sits down to retake the exam, he holds one of his trademark dialogues with his brain. "All right, brain. You don't like me and I don't like you. But let's just do this and I can get back to killing you with beer."
Many a true word is spoken as a joke. Homer Simpson's Everyman character really is an Everyman. For most people, engaging in the kind of effortful thinking that is required to pass a science test feels too much like hard work. It is so much easier to quit and let the brain's autopilot talker over.
And no wonder. Evolution has blessed the human brain with all kinds of mental shortcuts that make life manageable. If we had to think about every action or weigh up every decision, we would break down. As a result, certain ideas and modes of thinking come naturally to us, such as effortless thinking.
But at huge cost. Our mental shortcuts work fine at the level of individuals and small scale societies, but in an increasingly interconnected and globalized world, they are a danger to society. Effortless thinking is at the root of many of the modern world's most serious problem: terrorism, hatred, inequality and elisious exremism. All are caused by people disengaging (摆脱) their critical thinking and going with their gut (非理性的) feeling.
Everybody is capable of gut feeling, but also of the critical thinking. Both thinking styles are needed to make the world go round. Unfortunately, the latter requires training that is unavailable or unappealing to many people.
One of the bright spots in 2020 was the start of a movement called the March For Science. Those who believe in the power of science need to keep on marching, or give more power to people who don't much like their own brains or other people's.
32. What does the author want to convey through Homer's story?
A. Feeling is very important.
B. Drinking beer is harmful to one's brain.
C. High school seniors should work hard.
D. Most people hate effortful thinking like Homer.
33. What is the fourth paragraph mainly about?
A. Our mental shortcuts function well.
B. Effortless thinking is expensive for people.
C. Effortless thinking is dangerous to society.
D. People prefer effortless thinking to critical thinking
34. What does the author think of critical thinking?
A. It makes the world go round.
B. It needs necessary training.
C. It works fine at the level of personal affairs.
D. It leads to the March For Science in 2020.
35. What is the best title for the text?
A. We Need to March Towards Science.
B. Thinking Contributes to Social Problems.
C. Effortless Thinking Is Out of Date.
D. Critical Thinking Is Urgently Needed.
第二节（共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
In Stressful Times, Make Stress Work for You
These are stressful times. Fortunately, we can actually use that stress to improve our health and well-being. Over a decade of research suggests t hat it’s not the type or amount of stress that determines its impact. ____36____.
Step 1: Acknowledge Your Stress
Labeling your stress consciously and deliberately moves neural activity from the amygdala — the center of emotion and fear — to the prefrontal cortex, which is responsible for executive control and planning.
In other words, when we take a moment to acknowledge our stress, it moves us from operating from a fearful, reactive place to a position where we can be thoughtful and deliberate (深思熟虑).
____37____.
Step 2: Own Your Stress
The next step is to welcome, or “own,” your stress. We only stress about things that we care about. ___38___. If we deny or avoid our stress, we my actually be denying or disconnecting ourselves from the things we value and treasure most.
Step 3:___39___
Connecting to the core values behind your stress sets you up for the third and most essential step: using stress to achieve your goals and connect more deeply with the things that matter most.
Ask yourself: Are your typical responses in alignment (一致) with the values behind your stress? Think about how you might change your response to this stress to achieve your goals and your purpose.
There’s so much happening right now that we can’t control. ____40____. Some psychologists argue that true transformative (革新的) change can occur only during stress or crises. The trick is to channel your coronavirus stress as energy to make the most of this time.
A. Use Your Stress
B. Release Your Stress
C. By owning our stress, we connect to the positive motivation or personal value behind our stress.
D. But — as many people are noticing — there are also novel opportunities.
E. Instead, it’s our mind-set about stress that matters most.
F. But later, we will be able to ask ourselves how we each responded to this crisis.
G. This step is also an opportunity to understand what’s at the heart of your personal stress or anxiety.
第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分,满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
When October Books, a small bookshop, was moving to a new location down the street, it faced a problem. How could it move its entire stock to the new 41 , without spending a lot of money or 42 for long?
The shop came up with a clever 43 : They put out a call for 44 to act as a human conveyor belt (传送带). Having asked people who 45 the shop if they’d join in and help, they 46 perhaps 100 people to help.
" 47 , we had over 200 people turn out on that day, which was an amazing 48 ." Amy Brown, the shop’s staff, told NPR. Shoulder to shoulder, community members 49 a line 500 feet long.
Cafés 50 cups of tea to the volunteers. Passers-by asked what was 51 , and then joined the chain themselves.
When it began, she was in the stockroom. "I was 52 books to people without seeing the entire of it. It was after about 20 minutes I went out and saw the 53 of the people," she said.
In just one hour, the community passed more than 2,000 54 , hand to hand, to the new shop.
"It was really sort of surprising and 55 , and just a really moving experience to see people participating because they wanted to 56 . And they wanted to be part of
something 57 ," Brown said.
October Books has lots of 58 customers. It sells all kinds of books and some food and fair-trade 59 . Its new location is be ing built out. There’s a lot to get ready for the shop’s next 60 .
41. A. spot B. scene C. debt D. square
42. A. opening up B. closing down C. breaking out D. taking off
43. A. service B. effect C. skill D. solution
44. A. fans B. actors C. volunteers D. passers-by
45. A. advertised B. ran C. frequented D. cleaned
46. A. required B. expected C. allowed D. challenged
47. A. However B. Gradually C. Similarly D. Immediately
48. A. memory B. experiment C. process D. sight
49. A. blocked B. formed C. jumped D. signed
50. A. enjoyed B. lent C. promoted D. offered
51. A. happening B. selling C. wondering D. giving
52. A. sharing B. reading C. handing D. counting
53. A. variety B. care C. silence D. range
54. A. books B. dollars C. cups D. workers
55. A. necessary B. positive C. relaxing D. objective
56. A. leave B. move C. laugh D. help
57. A. abnormal B. bigger C. free D. happier
58. A. devoted B. romantic C. casual D. grateful
59. A. reward B. hobby C. products D. delivery
60. A. dilemma B. method C. chapter D. share
第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
So far, China's BeiDou Navigation Satellite System has been widely used in agriculture. It is helping 61 (farmer) apply fertilizers (化肥) and pesticides more 62 (precise). An intelligent fertilizer-pesticide distributor, 63 (assist) by the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System and big data technology, has been working in the wheat field in Hancun village in Jiangdu county, east
China’s Jiangsu Province. Through the remote network technology service platform, the machine can provide high-precision fertilizer 64 (distribute). When the movement of the machine deviates (偏离) from the target path, 65 system could correct the deviation in real time.
Han Baolong, a farmer in the village, said the automatic distributor helped him a lot because the coronavirus outbreak since January had caused a severe lack of workers, 66 traditionally applied fertilizers and pesticides by hand.
The BDS system has also made agricultural production 67 ( smart) and more precise. Self-driving tractors and unmanned farming vehicles based 68 the BDS system have been used to explore precision farming in northwestern Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, northeastern Heilongjiang Province, and at an automated farm in eastern Jiangsu Province. By April, 2019, the BDS system 69 (serve) more than 50,000 pieces of agricultural machinery, 70 ( save) 10 percent of fuel.
第四部分：写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节短文改错（共10个小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句不超过两个错误。错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下面划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。
只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Last Friday, I boarded the train in Delhi, that the staff treated me like a king. They took care of my luggages and showed me to my room. Everything was very grand that it took my breath away! Soon, the other passengers and I was on our way. We enjoyed delicious lunch as they watched the scenery go by. It was really a good sight. We soon reached for Agra and the famous Taj Mahal. It was amazing to seeing in person! Then, we returned to the train for dinner or our first night's rest. Tired as we were, we felt happily in deed.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
刚刚过去的中秋节，恰逢国庆。请写一篇英文日记，记述自己与家人团聚的温情时刻，
表达对祖国的美好祝愿。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 文章开头已经给出，不计入总词数。
Thursday, October 1 Fine
新余四中2021届高考年级上学期第一次段考英语答案
一、听力：
1-5 CCACB 6-10 ABABC 11-15 ABACA 16-20 BCAAC
二、阅读：
21-23 ABD 24-27 DABA 28-31 AADC 32-35 DCBD
36-40 EGCAD
三、完形：
41-45 ABDCC 46-50 BADBD 51-55 ACDAB 56-60 DBACC
四、语法填空：
61. farmers 62. precisely 63. assisted 64. distribution 65. the
66. who 67. smarter 68. on 69. had served 70. saving
五、短文改错：
1. that→where
2. luggages→luggage
3. very→so
4. was→were
5. delicious前加a
6. they→we
7. 去掉for
8. seeing→see
9. or→and 10. happily→happy
六、书面表达：
Today is the Mid-Autumn Festival. It’s very special, because it coincides with National Day.
My parents and I set out early for my grandparents’. Seeing our arrival, my grandparents were so happy. To my great joy, my uncle, who works outside all year, went back to see my grandparents too. It’s a day for family reunion! We spent time together having a big dinner, chatting and enjoying mooncakes.
We failed to appreciate the moon because of the cloudy weather. What a pity! Fortunately, CCTV Mid-Autumn Festival Gala comforted us greatly later.
I’m very proud of our peaceful and harmonious country. I have a high expectation that we will grow stronger and stronger. Happy birthday to you my homeland!
听力材料
Text 1
M: Kate, don’t make noise. This football match is great.
W: I think you should turn off the TV. Both John and I are preparing for the final exam.
Text 2
M: You know, Jason can play tennis, swim, play soccer… but I can’t.
W: It doesn’t matter. I mean, you can play the guitar, play basketball, cook and even speak three languages. You are great.
Text 3
M: When will the meeting begin?
W: According to the schedule, it should start at 9:30, and it will last for an hour and a half.
Text 4
M: Did you get to watch the play Sunshine in the Capital Theater yesterday?
W: Yes, it couldn’t be better. But I didn’t like the people there. They always made noises.
Text 5
M: It’s raining again. The weather report says it’s going to snow tonight. I don’t like this kind of weather.
W: But it’s going to be sunny this weekend.
Text 6
M: Can you give me a ride to the library?
W: Studying at the library again? I take just as many classes as you do, but I only have about an hour of studying to do every day. And I can get all my work done either here at home or at the cafédown the road.
M: Well, I’m majoring in physics. I have several projects due each month, and that’s after I spend ten or fifteen hours a week in the lab. You’re a psychology major. You have one midterm and one
final exam for each class, right?
W: Yeah…
M: You’ve got it so easy!
Text 7
M: Hi, Jenny. Are you going to school now?
W: Yup. I have English at 9:00 in the morning.
M: We will have our midterm exams next month. I plan to look for some important books in the library. Do you want to join me?
W: Sure. I need to return some books.
M: Great. We can go to the swimming pool in the gym after that.
W: That sounds like a good idea. We can chill out a little in such a hot summer.
Text 8
W: Oh, you look ill.
M: I don’t feel too good. I must admit.
W: Then you shouldn’t go to school today.
M: Oh, I have to. I ca n’t stay at home today —we’ve got to hand in our geography projects. It’s the last chance. And it’s just a cold. You always feel worse when you first get up. I’ll be fine once I’ve had a wash and a bit of breakfast.
W: It won’t hurt to miss a day. You look very pale, and there’s a flu virus going round at the moment. Ella next door has got flu.
M: I haven’t got the flu, mom. And Mr. Bell will think that I’m absent because today’s the deadline for the project and I haven’t finished it.
W: Don’t be silly —you’re one of his star pupils. Surely, he’s not going to fail you because you are ill. You haven’t even missed a day all year as far as I remember.
M: Oh well, I suppose you’re right. Perhaps I will stay at home, just today. But could you do me a favor? Drive round to school and deliver my project to Mr. Bell.
W: It’s quite unnecessary. I will call Mr. Bell right now.
Text 9
M: I have such a busy day today. I don’t know when I’ll be home. Can you pick up our son from school today?
W: Oh, you have to speak at the High School of Science and Technology today?
M: That’ll be finished by 3 o’clock. But then I have to go to the office and prepare my notes for my speech at the Computer Society’s annual dinner tonight.
W: Well, at least your magazine article has already been written and given to your editor. It was due today, wasn’t it?
M: Yes, at least that’s done. In fact, it should be published sometime next month.
W: Do you think you’ll be given time to eat tonight or will you have to spend the entire eveni ng answering questions?
M: I might be asked to speak as soon as everyone sits down for dinner. In that case, I guess I’ll be pretty hungry when I get home.
W: Do you have any idea what time you’ll be finished?
M: No.
W: Well, I’ll have something ready fo r you to eat. Can you catch the last bus? Or maybe you should take a taxi.
M: Don’t worry, dear. That’s already been taken care of. The Computer Society is sending a car for me. It’s picking me up at the office at six and will bring me home after the meet ing.
Text 10
M: Pedal Power is a small charity based mainly in the UK. At Pedal Power, they collect second-hand bikes in the UK and send them to some of the poorest regions in the world. When they distribute bikes overseas, they don’t give them away for f ree. In order to continue operating they need to have a constant supply of bikes which they send out every six months. In August 2000, they simply ran out of money. It was a terrible situation. Fortunately, in October 2001 they won an Enterprise Award which helped them enormously.
Dan Pearman is the founder of Pedal Power. He got the idea of exporting bicycles to developing countries while he was in Ecuador. Dan Pearman went there in 1993 and he joined a voluntary organization. Where Dan Pearman lived in Ecuador was a rural area. His neighbor had the only bicycle in the village, whereas everyone else walked everywhere. His neighbor’s business was very successful. For years Dan Pearman couldn’t understand why. Then he realized having a bike meant his neighbor could reach anywhere he liked without much trouble. Other local carpenters could only accept jobs nearby, so no matter how skilled they were, they could never do as many
jobs as his neighbor. When he returned to the UK in 1998, he started planning Pedal Power.