deliver a paper on Management and Organizational Behavior

高三英语学术报告单选题50题1. In this academic report, the author _______ the importance of environmental protection.A. emphasizedB. stressedC. underlinedD. highlighted答案：A。

解析：这四个词都有强调的意思。

emphasize比较通用，强调通过某种方式使事物更明显或更重要，在这里表示作者强调环境保护的重要性，用法比较常规；stress强调着重指出某件事情的重要性或严重性，更侧重于压力方面的强调；underline通常指在文字下面划线以表示强调，是比较具体的动作，在学术报告这种语境下不太合适；highlight强调突出显示某个部分，使它更引人注目，通常用于强调某个特定的点或者细节，这里表达一般性的强调重要性，emphasize 更合适。

2. The data in the academic report is so _______ that we can draw reliable conclusions.A. accurateB. exactC. preciseD. correct答案：A。

解析：accurate表示准确的，强调与事实相符，没有错误，在描述学术报告中的数据时，表示数据准确从而能得出可靠结论是很合适的；exact表示确切的，强调在数量、细节等方面完全符合事实，更侧重于精确性；precise强调精确、精密，往往含有细致入微的意思；correct只是表示正确的，没有错误，相比之下，accurate更能体现数据的质量在学术语境下对得出结论的重要性。

3. When writing an academic report, one should _______ relevant literature.A. refer toB. look upC. consultD. all of the above答案：A。

Application Portfolio ManagementAssess and manage all applications, business processes, and objectives with the powerful analysis and visualization tools in APM.BrochureBrochureApplication Portfolio ManagementVisualize Y our Application Portfolio LandscapeThe first step to transforming your organization for the digital age is understanding the status quo. In many organizations, application portfolios have grown beyond the IT organization’s ability to e ffectively manage in a budget-constrained environment. Such bloated portfolios increase IT costs and hamper business agility. APM helps enterprises to reduce redundancies and improve efficiency with robust graphical views of cost, risk, and value measures.Applications Are Always OnFrom back end operations to web based services, applications power your enterprise, but over time, legacy applications have multiplied, and the associated data has ballooned in size. In the quest to maintain a com­petitive advantage and keep IT costs low, your organization may not have retired its legacy applications when it introduced new ones; resulting in an application portfolio that has become bloated and overly complex. Application transformation is defined as a program to streamline and modernize an organization’s application portfolio by reducing the num­ber of applications required to run the business, and ensuring existing applications are delivered in the most cost effective way. In order to help organizations achieve this, OpenT ext™ offers a leadership portfolio of services, software, technology, and experience that delivers the core elements of an application transformation.The Need for Application Portfolio ManagementMany IT organizations fail to maintain an accurate record of all the ap­plications that are being used by the business, which includes what busi­ness processes they support, what are the underlying platforms, and who depends upon them. The Application Portfolio Management (APM) software module from OpenT ext begins by documenting business pro­cess and application dependencies—through both automated bottom up discovery and manual top down surveys, documentation reviews and interviews—and then records the portfolio into a single repository, enabling comprehensive visibility and control of the application portfolio. APM provides the capability to load industry standard business process frameworks, or client specific models, to capture the enterprise’s orga­nization, business objectives, location, server, and of course, applica­tion information. A rich set of analysis tools automates the search for optimization opportunities through relationship and dependency graph­ing and multi dimensional visualization.Answers provided by OpenT ext™ Application Portfolio Management (APM) include:■How are your applications performing over time?■Do the application returns justify the investment and risk of ownership?■Does the application portfolio need to be adapted to new marketconditions?■Are some application assets degrading, while others improve?■Where should we put new money to maximize returns? Application Portfolio Management enables IT to assess and prioritize the portfolio for rationalization and modernization opportunities based on both business goals and IT technology decisions; and then provides ongoing support through business events such as mergers and acquisi­tions, divestiture, and IT sourcing strategy changes. APM is not just about optimizing application roadmaps; it is also about synchronizing “IT priori­ties” with “business priorities”. As a result, APM should be viewed as an extension of the strategic planning of the IT organization, especially given that these applications automate core business operations.T o illustrate how critical strategic alignment is, the Flexera 2020 CIO Priorities Report says:“As organizations advance toward digital transformation, IT strategic alignment with the business becomes increasingly important. IT lead-ers who understand the organization’s strategic goals and align IT with those goals elevate IT from a role of technology implementer to one ofequal partner in the business. In this enhanced role, IT is involved early on in strategic business decisions, especially those regarding technol-ogy direction.”—Flexera 2020 CIO Priorities Report*Figure 1. Elements of application transformationGovernance—a Key to Successful T ransformationsThe application transformation journey is usually undertaken because IT is overcommitted, over budget, and overwhelmed. Once this has been addressed, it is imperative, although not easy, to prevent it from hap­pening again. With multiple operational and strategic activities under evaluation or underway at any given moment, successful delivery and maintenance of your application portfolio is anything but guaranteed.An answer lies in using OpenT ext™ Project and Portfolio Management (PPM) Center software, in conjunction with APM, to manage and en­force governance throughout the application transformation process and beyond. PPM is a comprehensive project and portfolio manage­ment offering that gives you the information you need to make the right business decisions, lower the total cost of running your business, and reduce risk associated to the build out or ongoing maintenance of your application portfolio. You can also manage your portfolio with greater financial transparency to meet your requirements to deliver business value efficiently and effectively. This visibility will give executives the in­formation they need to stay the course or make changes as necessary to the investments that are being made. The PPM foundation is also the same foundation upon which the APM software is built.Figure 2. Role of governance and APM togetherOur Unique Value to Application TransformationOpenT ext has taken many years of IP and learning from delivering ratio­nalization engagements for customers and incorporated much of that knowledge into the software product through standardized models, __________*F lexera, 2020. Flexera 2020 CIO Priorities Report. Accessed Nov 15, 2020. https:///SLO-REPORT-CIO-Priorities-2020flexible information capture capabilities, and the ability to analyze the information across multiple dimensions (technical, business, and so on). This experience has taught us that enterprises sometimes need to make the best decision even when the information is not perfect or comprehensive. Hence, the APM software allows for side by side comparisons of multiple alternatives against a variety of criteria and to quickly modify these criteria, thus evaluating the application portfolio across several dimensions prior to arriving at decisions. Furthermore, since enterprise portfolios often become dated due to the difficulty of information capture, the software incorporates key capabilities, such as periodic surveys based on pre built templates to make sure that ongoing decisions and analysis are based on the most current information.T o Learn MoreIf you’re looking for a way to improve your Application Portfolio Man­agement and Project and Portfolio Management, visit: microfocus. com/ppm/opentext“As organizations advance toward digital transformation, IT strategic alignment with the business becomes increasingly important. ITleaders who understand the organization’s strategic goals and align IT with those goals elevate IT froma role of technology implementer to one of equal partner in the business. In this enhanced role, IT is involved early on in strategic business decisions, especially those regarding technology direction.”FLEXERA 2020 CIO PRIORITIES REPORT*__________*F lexera, 2020. Flexera 2020 CIO Priorities Report. Accessed Nov 15, 2020.https:///SLO-REPORT-CIO-Priorities-2020Figure 3. Synchronizing IT priorities with business priorities。

PURCHASING AGREEMENT米购协议This Purchasing Agreement ( Agreement” is made as of the ________________________ day of ___________ ( “ Effective Date” ) by and betwee[Leviton Electronic (Dongguan) Co., Ltd], a corporation organized under the laws of the People's Republic of China , having an address at ________________________________________ ( “ Leviton ”)and , acorporati on orga ni zed un der the laws of _____________ , hav ing an address at __________________ Supplier”). (Each as Party ” and collectively aParties ” “).本采购协议(“本协议”)于2010年―月___日(“生效日”)由__________________________________ 电子(东莞)有限公司，一家根据中华人民共和国法律成立的公司，住所为__________ (“_________ ”)，与__________ 一家根据____________ 律成立的公司，住所为 ______________ (“供应商”)签订。

(每一方单独称为“ 一方”，合称为“双方”)WHEREAS, Levit on and Supplier con template a customer / supplier relati on ship inv olvi ng the supply of material by Supplier to Leviton, the Parties agree as follows:和供应商意图建立起由供应商向提供物料的客户/供应商的关系，双方同意鉴于，如下：1Products Purchasing产品采购1.1Leviton will purchase from Supplier and Supplier agrees to sell to Leviton the products described in Schedule A( “Products t”)manufacture and sell finished Leviton product ("Finished Products") in the Market (as defined below).The Parties may from time to time ame nd or suppleme nt the list of Products in a writ in g(s) executed by them which, after such executi on, shall be deemed in corporated into such Schedule A.——将向供应商采购，且供应商同意向—销售附录A所述产品(“产品”)，以在市场(定义如下)制造和销售 _______________ 的成品(“成品”)。

管理学英语试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. The term "management" refers to the process of:A. Making decisionsB. Organizing resourcesC. Directing and controlling activitiesD. All of the above答案：D2. Which of the following is NOT a function of management?A. PlanningB. StaffingC. MotivatingD. Selling答案：D3. The process of setting goals and deciding on actions to achieve these goals is known as:A. OrganizingB. LeadingC. PlanningD. Controlling答案：C4. Which of the following is an example of a managementprinciple?A. Division of laborB. CentralizationC. DelegationD. All of the above答案：D5. In the context of management, "controlling" refers to:A. The process of ensuring that things are done as plannedB. The process of making plansC. The process of organizing resourcesD. The process of motivating employees答案：A6. The concept of "span of control" is related to:A. The number of employees a manager can effectively superviseB. The range of activities a manager is responsible forC. The level of authority a manager hasD. The type of control systems a manager uses答案：A7. The management function that involves influencing people to work towards organizational goals is:A. OrganizingB. LeadingC. PlanningD. Controlling答案：B8. Which of the following is a characteristic of effective communication?A. ClarityB. AmbiguityC. DisorganizationD. Lack of feedback答案：A9. The "scientific management" theory was developed by:A. Henri FayolB. Max WeberC. Frederick TaylorD. Abraham Maslow答案：C10. In the context of management, "empowerment" means:A. Giving employees the authority to make decisionsB. Centralizing all decision-making powerC. Reducing the role of employees in decision-makingD. Ignoring employee input in decision-making答案：A二、填空题（每题1分，共10分）1. The four basic functions of management are planning, organizing, leading, and ________.答案：controlling2. The management principle that suggests that there is an optimal span of control for each manager is known as ________.答案：span of control3. The management approach that focuses on the social needsof employees is known as the ________ approach.答案：human relations4. The process of identifying, selecting, orienting, training, and compensating employees is known as ________.答案：staffing5. A management style that involves a high level of task orientation and a low level of relationship orientation is known as ________ leadership.答案：autocratic6. The concept of "management by objectives" was developed by ________.答案：Peter Drucker7. The "Maslow's hierarchy of needs" theory suggests that people are motivated by a series of needs, starting with physiological needs and ending with ________ needs.答案：self-actualization8. In a ________ structure, there is a clear chain of command and a narrow span of control.答案：hierarchical9. The process of comparing actual performance with planned performance is known as ________.答案：budgeting10. The management function that involves setting goals and determining the sequence of actions needed to achieve them is known as ________.答案：strategic planning三、简答题（每题5分，共30分）1. What are the three key characteristics of an effective organizational structure?答案：An effective organizational structure should havethe following characteristics: clarity of roles and responsibilities, a clear chain of command, and a balance between centralization and decentralization.2. Explain the difference between leadership and management.答案：Leadership is the process of influencing, motivating, and directing individuals towards the achievement of organizational goals. Management, on the other hand, is a broader concept that includes planning, organizing, leading, and controlling organizational resources to achieve goals.3. What are the main principles of scientific management according to Frederick Taylor?答案：The main principles of scientific management includethe scientific selection and training of workers, the scientific selection of tasks and tools, the scientific determination of work methods, and the scientific scheduling of work and rest periods.4. Describe the four stages of the control process.。

综合管理试题及答案英语一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. The correct spelling of the word "management" is:A) manegmentB) manegmentC) managemnetD) management答案：D2. Which of the following is not a function of management?A) PlanningB) OrganizingC) LeadingD) Innovating答案：D3. The process of setting goals and deciding on actions to achieve these goals is known as:A) OrganizingB) LeadingC) ControllingD) Planning答案：D4. Who is considered the father of scientific management?A) Henry FordB) Frederick Winslow TaylorC) Peter DruckerD) Max Weber答案：B5. What is the term used to describe the process of making things happen in an organization?A) MotivationB) CoordinationC) ExecutionD) Delegation答案：C6. In management, "span of control" refers to:A) The number of employees a manager can effectively manageB) The number of products a company producesC) The number of departments in an organizationD) The number of years a manager has been in their position答案：A7. Which of the following is a characteristic of an effective team?A) Clear communicationB) Lack of trustC) Poor leadershipD) Conflict avoidance答案：A8. What is the process of making decisions in an organization?A) PlanningB) OrganizingC) LeadingD) Decision-making答案：D9. The management concept that emphasizes the importance of employee satisfaction and motivation is known as:A) Scientific managementB) Administrative managementC) Human relations movementD) Systems theory答案：C10. In the context of management, "feedback" is:A) Information about the results of a decision or actionB) The process of setting goalsC) The process of organizing resourcesD) The process of motivating employees答案：A二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1. The four main functions of management are planning, organizing, leading, and ________.答案：controlling2. The management theory that focuses on the importance ofthe social and psychological aspects of work is known as the________ theory.答案：human relations3. A management style that involves providing employees with the freedom to make decisions is known as ________ leadership. 答案：autonomous4. The process of ensuring that activities are carried out as planned is called ________.答案：monitoring5. The management principle that states that managers should focus on the most important tasks is known as the ________ principle.答案：80/206. A management technique that involves breaking down a large task into smaller, more manageable parts is known as ________. 答案：task analysis7. The process of identifying the causes of a problem and determining the best course of action to solve it is called________.答案：problem-solving8. The management concept that suggests that organizations should be structured in a way that reflects their goals and objectives is known as ________.答案：organizational design9. The process of measuring the performance of anorganization against its goals is called ________.答案：performance evaluation10. The management theory that suggests that organizations should be viewed as a whole, with each part interacting with the others, is known as ________ theory.答案：systems三、简答题（每题10分，共40分）1. Explain the difference between leadership and management.答案：Leadership is about inspiring and motivating a team to achieve a common goal, while management involves planning, organizing, and coordinating the efforts of a team to accomplish tasks efficiently.2. What is the significance of delegation in management?答案：Delegation is significant in management as it empowers employees, improves productivity, and allows managers tofocus on strategic tasks. It also helps in developing theskills of subordinates and fostering a sense ofresponsibility.3. Describe the role of communication in effective management. 答案：Effective communication is crucial in management as it ensures that information is accurately and timely conveyed, facilitates collaboration among team members, and helps in resolving conflicts. It also aids in setting clearexpectations and feedback mechanisms.4. How can a manager ensure ethical behavior in an organization?答案：A manager can ensure ethical behavior by setting a good example, establishing clear ethical guidelines, providing training on ethical practices, encouraging open communication, and implementing a system for reporting unethical behavior without fear of retaliation.。

高三英语学术文章单选题50题1. In the scientific research paper, the term "hypothesis" is closest in meaning to _.A. theoryB. experimentC. conclusionD. assumption答案：D。

解析：“hypothesis”的意思是假设，假定。

“assumption”也表示假定，假设，在学术语境中，当提出一个假设来进行研究时，这两个词意思相近。

“theory”指理论，是经过大量研究和论证后的成果；“experiment”是实验，是验证假设或理论的手段；“conclusion”是结论，是研究之后得出的结果，所以选D。

2. The historical article mentioned "feudal system", which refers to _.A. democratic systemB. hierarchical social systemC. capitalist systemD. modern political system答案：B。

解析：“feudal system”是封建制度，它是一种等级森严的社会制度。

“democratic system”是民主制度；“capitalist system”是资本主义制度；“modern political system”是现代政治制度，与封建制度完全不同概念，所以选B。

3. In a literary review, "metaphor" is a figure of speech that _.A. gives human qualities to non - human thingsB. compares two different things without using "like" or "as"C. uses exaggeration to emphasize a pointD. repeats the same sound at the beginning of words答案：B。

高中英语必修4复习：重点词汇短语句子总结必修四.M4 Unitl重点单词con diti on welfare conn ecti on argue achieve/achieveme ntcampaig norga ni zationspecialistdevotebehave/behaviorworthwhile respect en tertainmentinspireobserve/observationsupport com muni catio n strike explain medicalcon siderati on considerate deliver modestshadewan der n est bond childhood en viro nment cheer support abroad rate careercoun tryside drive improve prize projectin stitute encourage protect found intenddisease affect research emerge ncy gen erati ondeterm in ati on kindn ess argue mean doin g/mea n to do重点短语devote …to rather tha n argue for/aga in st/withset up look dow n upon/on refer tocare for as well as make surehave …in com mon put to death concern on eself within stead of com muni cate with body Ianguagework out lead a life crowd insay to on eself carry on by chaneecome across catch one ' eyes can 'wait to do重点句子1. She spe nt years observi ng and record ing their daily activities.2. Only after her mother came to help her for the first few mon ths was she allowed to begi n herproject.3. It seem that she had been very busy in her chosen career, traveling abroad to study as well aswriting books and articles.4. Further readi ng made me realize that it was hard work and determ in ati on as well as her gen tlen ature that got her into medical school.5. Watch ing a family of chimps wake up is our first activity of the day.6. This means going back to the place where we left the family sleep ing in the tree the ni ght before.7. It was unu sual for a woma n to live in the forest.8. Her work cha nged the way people think about chimps.9. She actually observed chimps as a group hunting a mon key and the n eat ing it.…helped her work out their social system.However the evening make it all worthwhile.We watch the mother chimp and her babies play in the tree.必修四M4 Unit2重点单词hunger sunburn sunburnt struggle super product expand circulate equip freedom export suitable chemical con fuse mi neral reduce supply bacteria graduate agricultur alwhatever summary nu tritio n disturb ing output hobby affect level awake dan gerous farmi ng harvest grain cropcomfortab le therefore un derl ine decade product ion root statistics min erals discovery orga nic goalavoidcomme ntfertilecom mon重点短语lead a lifewith the hope of free fromin sist on search for be satisfied with get/feel/be exhaustedin additi on focus onrid …oftha nks to care aboutas well aslead tobuild up重点句子1. Dr Yuan Longping grows what is called super hybrid rice.2. The special strain of rice makes it possible to produce one-third more of the crop in the same field.3. Dr Yua n searched for a way to in crease rice harvests without expa nding the area of the fields.4. Dr Yua n is quite satisfied with his life.袁博士对生活非常满足。

会展英语 (English for MICE Business)_上海师范大学中国大学mooc课后章节答案期末考试题库2023年1.8. They guard the health and safety of people ________ CIIE.参考答案:at2.18.东方风来参考答案:Wind from the Orient3.8. The facade was designed as plateau, beach and rain forestthe diversenatural environment to convey the concept of “the beautiful city community lifethe harmony and co-existence between heaven, earth and people”.参考答案:to illustrate; being4.7. Australia Pavilion has the self-sealing steel and highly durable steel facadethat canthe Shanghai climate by developing an increasingly deep, red-ochre color.参考答案:keep up with5. 6. It looks like a white floating palace,the beauty of future color and watercharm.参考答案:showing6. 5. The Germany Pavilion has been designed as a sculpture in spacefour largeexhibition structures only find a stable balance in their interaction with each other.参考答案:whose7. 4. Visitors can relax around the open space or enter the "Seed Cathedral" toadmire the seeds in the spines, marvelingsuch tiny seeds can producewonders of nature and life.参考答案:how8. 3. The pavilion uses solar energy collection batteriesin the double-layermembrane, and the cave collect rainwater to spray on its exterior surface to keep temperatures cool.参考答案:hidden9. 2. The Saudi Arabia Pavilion waspavilion.参考答案:the second largest10.II. E-C TranslationDirections:Translate the following sentences/phrases intoChinese. You should choose the best one from four choices marked A), B), C) and D)based on the Chapter you have finished watching and studying.1. In accordance with its nature, a meeting can be divided into governmentalmeeting, corporate meeting and community meeting.参考答案:按照性质，它可以分为政府性、公司性及社团性会议。

Knowledge Management Advances and ApplicationsKnowledge management (KM) has made significant advances and applications in various fields, revolutionizing the way organizations handle and leverage their knowledge assets. From the early days of simply managing documents and information, KM has evolved into a strategic tool for driving innovation, improving decision-making, and enhancing organizational performance. This essay will explore the advances and applications of knowledge management from multiple perspectives, including its impact on business, technology, and society.From a business perspective, knowledge management has become a critical component of organizational success. By effectively capturing, organizing, and sharing knowledge, companies can gain a competitive edge in the marketplace. For example, through the use of knowledge management systems, organizations can streamline their internal processes, improve collaboration among employees, and ultimately deliver better products and services to their customers. Additionally, knowledge management enables companies to avoid reinventing the wheel by leveraging existing knowledge and expertise, leading to cost savings and increased efficiency.On the technological front, knowledge management has seen significant advancements in recent years. The development of sophisticated knowledge management tools and platforms has made it easier for organizations to collect, store, and access vast amounts of information. Artificial intelligence and machine learning algorithms have also been integrated into knowledge management systems, allowing for advanced data analysis and predictive insights. These technological advances have not only made knowledge management more efficient but have also opened up new possibilities for leveraging knowledge in innovative ways.Moreover, knowledge management has had a profound impact on society as a whole. By enabling the sharing of knowledge and expertise, KM has facilitated collaboration and learning across different communities and cultures. For instance, in the academic and research fields, knowledge management has played a crucial role in advancing scientific discoveries and sharing valuable insights with the broader global community. Furthermore,in the healthcare sector, knowledge management has contributed to improved patient care by enabling medical professionals to access the latest research and best practices.Despite these advances and applications, knowledge management still faces challenges and limitations. One of the key challenges is the difficulty of capturing and codifying tacit knowledge, which is often deeply rooted in personal experience and intuition. Additionally, the sheer volume of information available today can make it overwhelming for organizations to effectively manage and utilize their knowledge assets. Furthermore, there are concerns about the security and privacy of sensitive knowledge, especially in the era of big data and cyber threats.In conclusion, the advances and applications of knowledge management have had a profound impact on business, technology, and society. By enabling organizations to effectively capture, organize, and leverage their knowledge assets, KM has become a strategic tool for driving innovation and improving performance. However, challenges still exist, and it is essential for organizations to continue evolving their knowledge management strategies to stay competitive in the rapidly changing global landscape.。