莎士比亚sonnet182966中文翻译及评析

莎士比亚的第18首十四行诗的英文赏析我能否将你比作夏天？你比夏天更美丽温婉。

狂风将五月的蓓蕾凋残，夏日的勾留何其短暂。

休恋那丽日当空，转眼会云雾迷蒙。

休叹那百花飘零，催折于无常的天命。

唯有你永恒的夏日常新，你的美貌亦毫发无损。

死神也无缘将你幽禁，你在我永恒的诗中长存。

只要世间尚有人吟诵我的诗篇，这诗就将不朽，永葆你的芳颜。

这首诗的艺术特点首先是在于它有着双重主题：一是赞美诗人爱友的美貌，二是歌颂了诗歌艺术的不朽力量。

其次就是诗人在诗中运用了新颖的比喻，但又自然而生动。

Sonnet 18, often alternately titled Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?, is one of the best-known of 154 sonnets written by the English playwright and poet William Shakespeare. Part of the Fair Y outh sequence (which comprises sonnets 1-126 in the accepted numbering stemming from the first edition in 1609), it is the first of the cycle after the opening sequence now described as the Procreation sonnets. Most scholars now agree that the original subject of the poem, the beloved to whom the poet is writing, is a male, though the poem is commonly used to describe a woman.In the sonnet, the poet compares his beloved to the summer season, and argues that his beloved is better. The poet also states that his beloved will live on forever through the words of the poem. Scholars have found parallels within the poem to Ovid's Tristia and Amores, both of which have love themes. Sonnet 18 is written in the typical Shakespearean sonnet form, having 14 lines of iambic pentameter ending in a rhymed couplet. Detailed exegeses have revealed several double meanings within the poem, giving it a greater depth of interpretation.Sonnet 18 is a typical English or Shakespearean sonnet. It consists of three quatrains followed by a couplet, and has the characteristic rhyme scheme: abab cdcd efef gg. The poem carries the meaning of an Italian or Petrarchan Sonnet. Petrarchan sonnets typically discussed the love and beauty of a beloved, often an unattainable love, but not always.[5] It also contains a volta, or shift in the poem's subject matter, beginning with the third quatrain.A facsimile of the original printing of Sonnet 18.The poem starts with a line of adoration to the beloved—"Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?" The speaker then goes on to say that the beloved being described is both "more lovely and more temperate" than a summer's day. Thespeaker lists some things that are negative about summer. It is too short—"summer's lease hath all too short a date"—and sometimes the sun shines too hot—"Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines." However, the beloved being described has beauty that will last forever, unlike the fleeting beauty of a summer's day. By putting his love's beauty into the form of poetry, the poet is preserving it forever by the power of his written words. "So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see, So long lives this, and this gives life to thee." The hope is that the two lovers can live on, if not through children, then through the poems brought forth by their love which, unlike children, will not fadeA major feature of this poem - analogy. Begins with the first sentence, put "you" and "Summer" as a analogy, compare the second line of the initial determination: Are you more lovely than the summer, more gentle. The difference is due to produce its in-depth analysis of 3 to 14 lines. Specifically, the first line of 3.4.5.6.7.8 enumerated the "summer" all kinds of regrets, and 9.10.11.12.13.14 line tells the "you" all kinds of advantages compared to the natural draw a final conclusion: "Y ou" is far better than "Summer," "you" because in his poetry between the lines but also has a life, and time forever. Also noteworthy is the verse 13 and 14 are also, by analogy emphasized the "eternal nature."Throughout the poem, the poet freely to the "you" talk, it seems that "you" is a living person, to listen to his voice, understanding his thinking. So this poem can be said to be people in the application of techniques based on the written. The poem "Y ou" refers to an object, academia, there are two explanations, one view is that it refers to beauty, and the other that it refers to poetry to express the good things. Now most scholars prefer the latter.One of the best known of Shakespeare’s sonnets, Sonnet 18 is memorable for the skillful and varied presentation of subject matter, in which the poet’s feelings reach a level of rapture unseen in the previous sonnets. The poet here abandons his quest for the youth to have a child, and instead glories in the youth’s beauty.On the surface, the poem is simply a statement of praise about the beauty of the beloved; summer tends to unpleasant extremes of windiness and heat, but the beloved is always mild and temperate. Summer is incidentally personified as the "eye of heaven" with its "gold complexion"; the imagery throughout is simple and unaffected, with the "darling buds of May" giving way to the "eternal summer", which the speaker promises the beloved. The language, too, is comparatively unadorned for the sonnets; it is not heavy with alliteration or assonance, and nearly every line is its own self-contained clause--almost every line ends with some punctuation, which effects a pause.Initially, the poet poses a question―”Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?”―and then reflects on it, remarking that the youth’s beauty far surpasses summer’s delights. The imagery is the very essence of simplic ity: “wind”and “buds.”In the fourth line, legal terminology―”summer’s lease”―is introduced in contrast to the commonplace images in the first three lines. Note also the poet’s use of extremes in the phrases “more lovely,”“all too short,”and “too hot”; these phrases emphasize the young man’s beauty.Although lines 9 through 12 are marked by a more expansive tone and deeper feeling, the poetreturns to the simplicity of the opening images. As one expects in Shakespeare’s sonnets, the proposition that the poet sets up in the first eight lines―that all nature is subject to imperfection―is now contrasted in these next four lines beginning with “But.”Although beauty naturally declines at some point―”And every fair from fair sometime declines”―the youth’s beauty will not; his unchanging appearance is atypical of nature’s steady progression. Even death is impotent against the youth’s beauty. Note the ambiguity in the phrase “eternal lines”: Are these “lines”the poet’s verses or the youth’s hoped-for children? Or are they simply wrinkles meant to represent the process of aging? Whatever the answer, the poet is jubilant in this sonnet because nothing threatens the young man’s beautiful appearance.Sonnet 18 is the first poem in the sonnets not to explicitly encourage the young man to have children. The "procreation" sequence of the first 17 sonnets ended with the speaker's realization that the young man might not need children to preserve his beauty; he could also live, the speaker writes at the end of Sonnet 17, "in my rhyme." Sonnet 18, then, is the first "rhyme"--the speaker's first attempt to preserve the young man's beauty for all time. An important theme of the sonnet (as it is an important theme throughout much of the sequence) is the power of the speaker's poem to defy time and last forever, carrying the beauty of the beloved down to future generations. The beloved's "eternal summer" shall not fade precisely because it is embodied in the sonnet: "So long as men can breathe or eyes can see," the speaker writes in the couplet, "So long lives this, and this gives life to thee."大多数莎学家认为，是作者赞美好友的超常之美的。

莎⼠⽐亚⼗四⾏诗翻译和解读Sonnet 181. Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?Could I compare you to the time/days of summer?2. Thou art more lovely and more temperate:You are more lovely and more gentle and mild than the days.3. Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,The wild wind shakes the favorite flowers of May.4. And summer's lease hath all too short a dateAnd the duration of summer has a limited period of time.5. Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,Sometimes the sun shinning is too hot.6. And often is his gold complexion dimmed,And his gold skin of the face will be dimmed by the clouds.7. And every fair from fair sometime declines,Every beautiful thing and person will decline from previous state of beauty.8. By chance, or nature's changing course untrimmed:(the beauty) will be stripped of by chance or changes of season in the nature.9. But thy eternal summer shall not fade,But your summer exists forever and will not lose color/freshness or vigor. 10. Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow'st,You will never lose your own beauty either.11. Nor shall death brag thou wander'st in his shade,The Death can’t boast that you wander in his shadow.12. When in eternal lines to time thou grow'st,You grow as time grows in the undying lines of my verse.13. So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see,So long as men can live in the world with sight and breath,14. So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.This poem will exist and you will live in it forever.Formal features14 lines4 stanzas: 3 quatrains + 1 coupletRhythm & meter: 10 syllables (5 feet) each line, iambic pentameterRhyme scheme: abab cdcd efef ggStructure:1st – 2nd quatrains: an introduction to and development of a problem3rd quatrain: a volta or a turn “突转”(a change in direction, thought, or emotion)the couplet: a summary or conclusionThe theme:The main theme is t he power of the speaker’s poem to defy time and last forever, carrying the beauty of the beloved down to future generations.What is it about?The speaker opens the poem with a question addressed to the beloved: “Shall I compare thee toa summer’s day?” The next eleven lines are devoted to such a comparison. Summer: (Line 3: rough winds；4：too short；5. too hot；6. too dimmed；7&8. beautiful things will die) Sonnet 18 is the first poem in the sonnets not to explicitly encourage the young man to have children. The “procreation” sequence of the first 17 sonnets ended with the speaker’s realization that the young man might not need children to preserve his beauty; he could also live forever in this poem.Figures of speechIn line (5 ) There is a Metaphor .In line ( 5+6 ) There is a Personification .( eye of Heaven shines ) : Eye of heaven = the sunThe sun became dark because dark of clouds .In Line (9+10+12 ) There is a Hyperbole .In Line ( 11 )There is a personification .In Line ( 14 ) There is an Inverted order .Analysis: （拓展）The poem works at a rather curious level of achieving its objective through dispraise.The summer's day is found to be lacking in so many respects (too short, too hot, too rough, and sometimes too dingy), but curiously enough one is left with the abiding impression that 'the lovely boy' is in fact like a summer's day at its best, fair, warm, sunny, temperate, one of the darling buds of May, and that all his beauty has been wonderfully highlighted by the comparison.Sonnet 1301. My mistress' eyes are nothing like the sun;My lady’s eyes aren’t like the sun at all.2. Coral is far more red, than her lips red:Coral is much redder than her lips.3. If snow be white, why then her breasts are dun;If snow is white, then her breasts are brown.4. If hairs be wires, black wires grow on her head.If hair is as coarse as threads, then her hair is full of black threads.5. I have seen roses damasked, red and white,I have seen the pinkish, red and white roses.6. But no such roses see I in her cheeks;But I can see such kinds of roses in her cheeks.7. And in some perfumes is there more delightThere is much tempting/attractive fragrance.8. Than in the breath that from my mistress reeks.The fragrance is more attractive than her steamy, sweaty and unsavory smells.9. I love to hear her speak, yet well I knowI like listening to her speaking, but I am also aware that10. That music hath a far more pleasing sound:The sound of music is much more favorable than her sound.11. I grant I never saw a goddess go,I admit that I never saw a goddess walking by.12. My mistress, when she walks, treads on the ground:My mistress stamps on the floor when she walks.13. And yet by heaven, I think my love as rare,But I can swear to God that my lover is as precious as15. As any she belied with false compare.As any woman who has been misrepresented by ridiculous comparisons.Formal features14 lines4 stanzas: 3 quatrains + 1 coupletRhythm & meter: 10 syllables (5 feet) each line, iambic pentameterRhyme scheme: abab cdcd efef ggStructure:1st – 2nd quatrains: an introduction to and development of a problem3rd quatrain: a volta or a turn “突转”(a change in direction, thought, or emotion)the couplet: a summary or conclusionThemeThe poet suggests their love is rare because he does not desire her to be something she is not.It's about finding love in spite of (or maybe even because of) physical flaws.It pokes fun at our obsession with looks and to show how ridiculous it is to ask any person to live up to some ideal of perfect beauty.Figures of speechNegative similesSimile may also be expressed in the negative form“My mistress’ eyes are nothing like the sun”Etc.Ironic toneThe sonnet appears to be humorous, but the couplet displays the deeply romantic tone of the poem.Analysis（拓展）In many ways, Shakespeare’s sonnets subvert and reverse the conventions of the Petrarchan love sequence: the idealizing love poems, for instance, are written not to a perfect woman but to an admittedly imperfect man, and the love poems to the dark lady are anything but idealizing, like this one. He describes the woman that he loves in extremely unflattering terms but claims that he truly loves her, which lends credibility to his claim because even though he does not find her attractive, he still declares his love for her.Sonnet 1291. The expense of spirit in a waste of shameThe expenditure of sexual energy in a desert of shameful moral decay2. Is lust in action: and till action, lustIs the lust/letch acting: and before having sexual intercourse, lust3. Is perjured, murderous, bloody, full of blame,Is dishonest, murderous, violent and blameworthy with a lot of guilt.4. Savage, extreme, rude, cruel, not to trust;Barbaric, extreme, rude, cruel, and untrustworthy.5. Enjoyed no sooner but despised straight;As soon as lust has been enjoyed, it is hated.6. Past reason hunted; and no sooner had,Lust is pursued beyond the control of reason, as soon as lust is fulfilled,7. Past reason hated, as a swallowed bait,It is hated irrationally like a bait that a fish swallows8. On purpose laid to make the taker mad.(The bait) set on purpose to make the trapped creature react with frenzy.9. Mad in pursuit and in possession so;10. Had, having, and in quest to have extreme;The taker is insane in pursuing one's lust and mad in possessing the object of lust: going to extremes in having had it, in the having of it, and in seeking to have it;11. A bliss in proof, and proved, a very woe;A heavenly sensation while it is being experienced. Once you are done, it is a true sorrow.12. Before, a joy proposed; behind a dream.An expected joy exists before having it; after having it, it seems like a dream.13. All this the world well knows; yet none knows wellEveryone in the world knows it very well, but no one knows14. To shun the heaven that leads men to this hell.To avoid the tempting sense of delight which leads men to hell.Formal features14 lines4 stanzas: 3 quatrains + 1 coupletRhythm & meter: 10 syllables (5 feet) each line, iambic pentameterRhyme scheme: abab cdcd efef ggStructure:1st – 2nd quatrains: an introduction to and development of a problem3rd quatrain: a volta or a turn “突转”(a change in direction, thought, or emotion)the couplet: a summary or conclusionThemeAbout lust.–Lines 1-2: lust in action (shameful and wasteful...)–Lines 3-4: lust before action (dishonest, murderous, bloody…)–Lines 5-8: a comparison between lust before and after action (enjoyed vs.despised; both are past-reason / mad) – lust causes madness!–Lines 9-12: a comparison between lust before and after action. (bliss vs. woe;joy vs. dream) – lust causes sadness and disillusionment.–Lines 13-14: a conclusion.Figures of speechSimile: taker of lust as a hooked fishPersonification: lust as a personContrasts: "before" vs. "behind" (after), "heaven" vs. "hell," and so on.Analysis （拓展）The profound hatred of sexuality, sexual pessimismIts hatred of sexuality derives from the Christian imperative of the virginal life and the dislike of all bodily functionsIt gives essentially a phallo-centric view of sexImpersonal tone: The speaker never says outright that he is writing about his own experience; instead, he presents the poem as an impersonal description, a catalogue of the kinds of experience offered by lust.。

18 莎士比亚的十四行诗总体上表现了一个思想：爱征服一切。

他的诗充分肯定了人的价值、赞颂了人的尊严、个人的理性作用。

诗人将抽象的概念转化成具体的形象，用可感可见的物质世界，形象生动地阐释了人文主义的命题。

诗的开头将“你”和夏天相比较。

自然界的夏天正处在绿的世界中，万物繁茂地生长着，繁阴遮地，是自然界的生命最昌盛的时刻。

那醉人的绿与鲜艳的花一道，将夏天打扮得五彩缤纷、艳丽动人。

但是，“你”却比夏天可爱多了，比夏天还要温婉。

五月的狂风会作践那可爱的景色，夏天的期限太短，阳光酷热地照射在繁阴班驳的大地上，那熠熠生辉的美丽不免要在时间的流动中凋残。

这自然界最美的季节和“你”相比也要逊色不少。

而“你”能克服这些自然界的不足。

“你”在最灿烂的季节不会凋谢，甚至“你”美的任何东西都不会有所损失。

“你”是人世的永恒，“你”会让死神的黑影在遥远的地方停留，任由死神的夸口也不会死去。

“你”是什么？“你”与人类同在，你在时间的长河里不朽。

那人类精神的精华——诗，是你的形体吗？或者，你就是诗的精神，就是人类的灵魂。

诗歌在形式上一改传统的意大利十四行诗四四三三体，而是采用了四四四二体：在前面充分地发挥表达的层次，在充分的铺垫之后，用两句诗结束全诗，点明主题。

全诗用新颖巧妙的比喻，华美而恰当的修饰使人物形象鲜明、生气鲜活。

诗人用形象的表达使严谨的逻辑推理变得生动有趣、曲折跌宕，最终巧妙地得出了人文主义的结论。

二十九首就是其中的一首。

这首诗热情地歌颂爱情,诗人在创作这首诗时,充分发挥了十四行诗的长处,采用了“先抑后扬”手法,层层推进,波澜起伏,道出了诗人的思想感情发展变化过程,开头四句这样写道:When ,in disgrace with Fortune and men’ eyes ,sI all alone beweep my outcast state ,And trouble deaf heaven with my bootless cries , And look upon myself ,and curse my fate ,从这四句我们可以读出,一开始诗人悲悲切切地唱出自己的悲惨处境“in disgrace with Fortune and ,men’ eyes (失去了幸福,又遭人白眼。

莎士比亚十四行诗第十八首的英文评论和赏析18 18我是否可以把你比喻成夏天？Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?虽然你比夏天更可爱更温和：Thou art more lovely and more temperate:狂风会使五月娇蕾红消香断，Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,夏天拥有的时日也转瞬即过；And summer's lease hath all too short a date:有时天空之巨眼目光太炽热，Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,它金灿灿的面色也常被遮暗；And often is his gold complexion dimmed, 而千芳万艳都终将凋零飘落，And every fair from fair sometime declines,被时运天道之更替剥尽红颜；By chance, or nature's changing course untrimmed:但你永恒的夏天将没有止尽，But thy eternal summer shall not fade,你所拥有的美貌也不会消失，Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow'st,死神终难夸口你游荡于死荫，Nor shall death brag thou wander'st in his shade,当你在不朽的诗中永葆盛时；When in eternal lines to time thou grow'st,只要有人类生存，或人有眼睛，So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see,我的诗就会流传并赋予你生命。

So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.注：第11行语出《旧约•诗篇》第23篇第4节：“虽然我穿行于死荫之幽谷，但我不怕罹祸，因为你与我同在……”英文赏析：This is one of the most famous of all the sonnets, justifiably so. But it would be a mistake to take it entirely in isolation, for it links in with so many of the other sonnets through the themes of the descriptive power of verse; the ability of the poet to depict the fair youth adequately, or not; and the immortality conveyed through being hymned in these 'eternal lines'. It is noticeable that here the poet is full of confidence that his verse will live as long as there are people drawing breath upon the earth, whereas later he apologises for his poor wit and his humble lines which are inadequate to encompass all the youth's excellence. Now, perhaps in the early days of his love, there is no such self-doubt and the eternal summer of the youth is preserved forever in the poet's lines. The poem also works at a rather curious level of achieving its objective through dispraise. The summer's day is found to be lacking in so many respects (too short, too hot, too rough, sometimes too dingy), but curiously enough one is left with the abiding impression that 'the lovely boy' is in fact like a summer's day at its best, fair, warm, sunny, temperate, one of the darling buds of May, and that all his beauty has been wonderfully highlighted by the comparison。

莎士比亚十四行诗第18首鉴赏引言莎士比亚是英国文学史上最伟大的戏剧家和诗人之一，他的作品被广泛翻译和演绎，深受全球读者的喜爱。

其中，莎士比亚的十四行诗尤为经典，其中包括了《第18首》。

本文将对《莎士比亚十四行诗第18首》进行鉴赏，探讨其主题、情感表达以及艺术价值。

一、主题分析1. 什么是莎士比亚十四行诗莎士比亚十四行诗（Shakespearean sonnet）是由莎士比亚创作的一种诗体形式，其特点是由14行组成，按照特定的韵律和押韵方式排列。

莎士比亚十四行诗被视为英文文学中最传统的诗歌形式之一。

2. 《莎士比亚十四行诗第18首》的主题《莎士比亚十四行诗第18首》的主题是爱情和美丽。

诗中通过描述爱人的美丽和对其的赞美，表达了对爱情的讴歌和赞美。

3. 主题的呈现方式莎士比亚通过运用比喻、夸张等修辞手法，将爱人的美丽与一系列自然现象进行比较，并将其美丽提升到超越自然的境界，以突出爱人的独特之处。

二、情感表达分析1. 诗人的情感诗人通过对爱人的赞美表达了自己深深的爱意和对其美丽的敬仰。

诗人充满了爱的激情和对爱人的赞美之情，把自己的情感融入到诗中。

2. 诗中情感的转折《莎士比亚十四行诗第18首》中情感经历了由赞美到忧伤的转折。

在诗的前几行，诗人对爱人进行了赞美，表达了自己对其美丽的深深敬仰之情。

然而，在诗的后半部分，情感转向了忧伤，诗人担心时间的流逝会将爱人的美丽消逝，这种忧伤的情感为整首诗增添了深刻的情感色彩。

三、艺术价值分析1. 诗歌运用的修辞手法《莎士比亚十四行诗第18首》使用了丰富多样的修辞手法，比如比喻、夸张、对比等，这些修辞手法使整首诗充满了艺术魅力，具有很高的艺术价值。

2. 渲染的意境诗中通过对爱人美丽的描绘和对时间流逝的担忧，营造了一种诗意的意境。

诗人通过对自然现象的描绘，将爱人的美丽与大自然相较，突出了爱人的独特之处，同时也增加了诗歌的艺术感染力。

3. 对爱情的思考《莎士比亚十四行诗第18首》可以说是对爱情最美丽和深刻的思考之一。

莎士比亚十四行诗Sonnet 181. 诗人简介莎士比亚（William Shakes Beare，1546-1616）, 英国戏剧家和诗人。

出生于英国沃里克郡斯特拉福镇一个富裕的市民家庭，13岁时因家道中落而辍学。

从此走上独自谋生之路。

他当过肉店学徒，也曾在乡村学校教过书，还干过其他各种职业，这使他增长了许多社会阅历。

22岁时离开家乡前往伦敦，先在剧院门前为贵族顾客看马，后逐渐成为剧院的杂役、演员、剧作家和股东。

莎士比亚是16世纪后半叶到17世纪初英国最著名的作家，也是欧洲文艺复兴时期人文主义文学的集大成者，本·琼斯称莎士比亚为“时代的灵魂”，马克思称他为“人类最伟大的天才之一”，恩格斯盛赞其作品的现实主义精神与情节的生动性、丰富性。

在西方世界，一般人家必备的两本书，一本是《圣经》，一本就是《莎士比亚全集》。

1984年选举世界10名伟大作家，莎士比亚名列第一。

他被誉为“奥林匹亚山上的宙斯”，而他的戏剧则被公认为是不可企及的典范。

英国有句谚语：“宁可不要100个印度，也不能没有莎士比亚。

”由此可见莎士比亚在英国人心中至高无上的文学地位。

莎士比亚一生共写有37部戏剧，154首十四行诗、两首长诗和其他诗歌。

莎剧创作可分为3个时期。

第一时期（1590～1600）以写作历史剧、喜剧为主，有9部历史剧、10部喜剧和2部悲剧。

《约翰王》、《理查三世》、《理查二世》、《亨利四世》、《亨利五世》、《亨利六世》等历史剧概括了英国历史上百余年间的动乱，塑造了一系列正、反面君主形象，反映了莎士比亚反对封建割据，拥护中央集权，谴责暴君暴政，要求开明君主进行自上而下改革，建立和谐社会关系的人文主义政治与道德理想。

《错误的喜剧》、《驯悍记》、《维洛那二绅士》、《爱的徒劳》、《仲夏夜之梦》、《威尼斯商人》、《温莎的风流娘儿们》、《无事生非》、《皆大欢喜》和《第十二夜》10部戏剧则大都以爱情、友谊、婚姻为主题，主人公多是一些具有人文主义智慧与美德的青年男女，通过他们争取自由和幸福的斗争，歌颂进步、美好的新人新风，同时也温和地揭露和嘲讽旧事物的衰朽和丑恶，如禁欲主义的虚矫、清教徒的伪善和高利贷者的贪鄙等。

莎士比亚十四行诗第十八首的诗作分析莎士比亚的第十八首十四行诗是一首赞美年轻朋友的诗，同时也表达了时间的无情和生命的短暂。

这首诗分为三部分：引言、矛盾和解决矛盾。

一、引言在引言部分，诗人表达了他对朋友的赞美之情。

他把朋友比作夏天的美好，认为朋友的美丽和魅力就像夏天一样灿烂和耀眼。

诗人用生动的语言描述了夏天的美好，比如“你的永恒夏季定会在诗中发扬”。

这里，诗人使用了“永恒夏季”这个比喻来形容朋友的美丽和魅力，表达了他对朋友的无限赞美之情。

二、矛盾然而，在诗的第二部分，诗人引入了一个矛盾。

他写道，“尽管篡改大自然的定规，你还是会衰老”。

这里，诗人指出尽管朋友现在年轻美丽，但是时间是无情的，朋友也会随着时间的推移而衰老。

这个矛盾在诗人的心中引起了深深的忧虑和不安。

三、解决矛盾在第三部分，诗人试图解决这个矛盾。

他提出了一个假设，“但你的不朽将超越人的命运”。

这里，诗人认为朋友的美德和才华将使他/她在人们的心中永存不朽。

诗人认为，尽管时间会摧毁人的肉体，但是人的精神和美德将永存不朽。

诗人接着写道，“当自然的岁月悄然流逝，你的美将留在诗篇里”。

这里，诗人表达了他对诗歌的信仰，认为诗歌可以使人的美德和才华永存不朽。

最后，诗人总结了他的观点，“只有美德才能流芳百世”。

这里，诗人强调了美德的重要性，认为只有美德才能真正使人永存不朽。

四、主题和意义这首诗的主题是时间和生命的短暂以及美德的不朽。

诗人通过对朋友的赞美和忧虑，表达了他对时间的无情和生命的短暂的感慨。

然而，他也指出美德和精神可以超越时间和生命的限制，永存不朽。

这首诗的意义在于提醒人们珍惜时间和生命，追求美德和精神的不朽。

五、艺术手法这首诗的艺术手法主要包括比喻、对比和象征等。

诗人通过比喻将朋友比作夏天的美好，突出了朋友的美丽和魅力。

同时，诗人也通过对比引入了矛盾，指出时间是无情的，朋友也会衰老。

最后，诗人通过象征将诗歌视为美德和精神的不朽载体，强调了诗歌的价值和意义。

sonnet 18诗歌赏析摘要：一、概述莎士比亚sonnet 18诗歌背景及地位二、分析诗歌主题及情感表达三、解读诗歌艺术手法及特点四、评价诗歌在文学史上的影响和价值正文：莎士比亚的sonnet 18诗歌是著名的十四行诗之一，被誉为“莎士比亚十四行诗中最美丽的一首”。

这首诗歌以对美丽永恒的赞美为主题，表达了人类对美好事物的渴望与珍视。

首先，诗歌背景方面，sonnet 18与莎士比亚的其他十四行诗一样，创作于16世纪末17世纪初。

这首诗歌写给了一位年轻的男子，表达了诗人对这位男子美丽、纯洁和才华的赞美。

在诗歌中，莎士比亚将这位男子比喻为春天的花朵，寓意着他的美丽和青春。

其次，诗歌主题及情感表达方面，sonnet 18以春天为背景，通过对大自然的描绘，表现了诗人对美丽事物的热爱。

诗歌中，莎士比亚运用了诸多比喻、拟人等修辞手法，将自然景象与男子的美貌、气质相融合，传达出诗人对美好事物的渴望和珍视。

同时，诗人也意识到美丽是短暂的，春天总会过去，因此诗歌中蕴含着对永恒美丽的追求。

在艺术手法及特点方面，sonnet 18遵循了莎士比亚十四行诗的格式，具有典型的三韵句和五韵句结构。

诗歌韵律优美，行文流畅，充满了诗意。

此外，诗人巧妙地运用了押韵、抑扬顿挫等手法，使诗歌更具音乐性。

在语言上，莎士比亚运用了大量生动的描绘性词汇，形象地展现了大自然的美丽。

最后，在文学史上的影响和价值方面，sonnet 18被誉为莎士比亚十四行诗的代表作之一，对后世文学创作产生了深远的影响。

这首诗歌展示了莎士比亚卓越的文学才华和审美观，为后世诗人树立了典范。

同时，sonnet 18也成为了英语文学史上不可或缺的一部分，丰富了英语诗歌的传统。

总之，莎士比亚的sonnet 18是一首表达了对美丽永恒追求的诗歌。

通过对春天景象和男子美貌的赞美，诗人展现了人类对美好事物的渴望与珍视。

18莎士比亚的十四行诗总体上表现了一个思想：爱征服一切。

他的诗充分肯定了人的价值、赞颂了人的尊严、个人的理性作用。

诗人将抽象的概念转化成具体的形象，用可感可见的物质世界，形象生动地阐释了人文主义的命题。

诗的开头将“你〞和夏天相比较。

自然界的夏天正处在绿的世界中，万物繁茂地生长着，繁阴遮地，是自然界的生命最昌盛的时刻。

那醉人的绿与鲜艳的花一道，将夏天打扮得五彩缤纷、艳丽动人。

但是，“你〞却比夏天可爱多了，比夏天还要温婉。

五月的狂风会作践那可爱的景色，夏天的期限太短，阳光酷热地照射在繁阴班驳的大地上，那熠熠生辉的美丽不免要在时间的流动中凋残。

这自然界最美的季节和“你〞相比也要逊色不少。

而“你〞能克服这些自然界的不足。

“你〞在最灿烂的季节不会凋谢，甚至“你〞美的任何东西都不会有所损失。

“你〞是人世的永恒，“你〞会让死神的黑影在遥远的地方停留，任由死神的夸口也不会死去。

“你〞是什么？“你〞与人类同在，你在时间的长河里不朽。

那人类精神的精华——诗，是你的形体吗？或者，你就是诗的精神，就是人类的灵魂。

诗歌在形式上一改传统的意大利十四行诗四四三三体，而是采用了四四四二体：在前面充分地发挥表达的层次，在充分的铺垫之后，用两句诗结束全诗，点明主题。

全诗用新颖巧妙的比喻，华美而恰当的修饰使人物形象鲜明、生气鲜活。

诗人用形象的表达使严谨的逻辑推理变得生动有趣、曲折跌宕，最终巧妙地得出了人文主义的结论。

二十九首就是其中的一首。

这首诗热情地歌颂爱情,诗人在创作这首诗时,充分发挥了十四行诗的长处,采用了“先抑后扬〞手法,层层推进,波澜起伏,道出了诗人的思想感情发展变化过程,开头四句这样写道:When ,in disgrace with Fortune and men’ eyes ,sI all alone beweep my outcast state ,And trouble deaf heaven with my bootless cries ,And look upon myself ,and curse my fate ,从这四句我们可以读出,一开始诗人悲悲切切地唱出自己的悲惨处境“in disgrace with Fortune and,men’ eyes (失去了幸福,又遭人白眼。

莎士比亚十四行诗之十八（译）文言译本：美人当青春，婉丽自销魂。

焉知东风恶，良辰讵待人？朝日何皋皋，暮色何昏昏。

众芳俱摇落，天意倩谁询？我有丹青笔，腾挪似有神。

为君驻颜色，风霜不可侵。

丹青亦难久，罔若诗与琴？延年歌一曲，万古扬清芬。

白话译本：我能否将你比作夏天？你比夏天更美丽温婉。

狂风将五月的蓓蕾凋残，夏日的勾留何其短暂。

休恋那丽日当空，转眼会云雾迷蒙。

休叹那百花飘零，催折于无常的天命。

唯有你永恒的夏日常新，你的美貌亦毫发无损。

死神也无缘将你幽禁，你在我永恒的诗中长存。

只要世间尚有人吟诵我的诗篇，这诗就将不朽，永葆你的芳颜。

英文原文：William Shakespear SonnetsSonnet 18Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?Thou art more lovely and more temperate: Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, And summer's lease hath all too short a date; Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,And often is his gold complexion dimm'd,And every fair from fair sometime declines,By chance or nature's changing course untrimm'd: But thy eternal summer shall not fadeNor lose possession of that fair thou ow'st,Nor shall Death brag thou wand'rest in his shade, When in eternal lines to time thou grow'st.So long as men can breathe or eyes can see,So long lives this,and this gives life to thee.十四行诗第29首莎士比亚我一旦失去了幸福,又遭人白眼;就独自哭泣,怨人家把我抛弃,白白地用哭喊来麻烦聋耳的苍天,又看看自己,只痛恨时运不济,愿自己像人家那样:或前途远大,或一表人才,或胜友如云广交谊,想有这人的权威,那人的才华,于自己平素最得意的,倒最不满意;但在这几乎是看轻自己的思想里,我偶尔想到你呵,---我的心怀顿时像破晚的云雀从阴郁的大地,冲上了天门,歌唱起赞美诗来,我记得你的甜爱,就是珍宝,教我不屑把处境跟帝王对调．何忍弃你于浊世——莎士比亚十四行诗第66首中译Sonnet 66何忍弃你于浊世Tired with all these, for restful death I cry, 厌倦了这一切，我渴求安息——As to behold desert a beggar born,眼见天生良材注定街头行乞，And needy nothing trimm'd in jollity,一无是处的饭桶披着光鲜外衣，And purest faith unhappily forsworn,至信忠诚，却只赢得无情背弃，And gilded honour shamefully misplac'd, 尊贵的荣誉授给了无耻屑小，And maiden virtue rudely strumpeted,美德横遭玷污，如贞女沦为娼妓，And right perfection wrongfully disgrac'd, 公道屡被欺凌，至善徒惹嗤笑，And strength by limping sway disabled 权势倒行逆施，摧残人间正气，And art made tongue-tied by authority, 学术结舌失语，饱受当局钳制，And folly, doctor-like, controlling skill,博士状的蠢货打压着真才实学，And simple truth miscall'd simplicity,淳朴与诚实被讥笑为天真幼稚，And captive good attending captain ill:善良成为俘虏，被迫委身奸邪。

point, seems to be just the speaker’s opinion, but to prove the poem more temperate, he explains, “Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May”: the “rough winds” that blow the young buds of flowers about is certainly not mild or temperate. And also summer just does not last very long; it has “all too short a date.”The poem, when compared to a summer’s day, is better; its beauty and mildness do not end as summer along with its “summer’s day”does. The reader wonder why the speaker, just after claiming his intention of comparing the poem to a “summer’s day,” then first compares it to a spring day—“the darling buds of May.”Even before summer begins, the May flowers are being tossed about by intemperate breezes; therefore, it stands to reason that if the prelude to summer has its difficulties, one can expect summer have its own unique problems that the poem, of course, will lack. Second Quatrain –“Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines” In the second quatrain, the speaker continues elucidating his complaints that diminish summer’s value in this comparison: sometimes the sunshine makes the temperature too hot: “Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines.” The sun often hides behind clouds, “often is his gold complexion dimm’d.”The reader can realize the implications here: that these inconvenient qualities do no plague the poem. Then the speaker makes a generalization that everything in nature including the seasons—and he has chosen the best season, after all; he did not advantage his argument by comparing the poem to a winter day—and even people degenerates with time, either by happenstance or by processes the human mind does not comprehend or simply by the unstoppable course of nature: "And every fair from fair sometime declines, / By chance, or nature’s changing course untrimm’d.” So far, the speaker has mused that he shall compare the poem to a summer day, and the summer day is losing: even before summer begins, the winds of May are often brutal to the young flowers; summer never lasts long; sometimes the sun is too hot and sometimes it hides behind clouds, and besides everything—even the good things—in nature diminishes in time. Third Quatrain –“But thy eternal summer shall not fade” In the third quatrain, the speaker declares the advantages that the poem has over the summer day: that unlike the summer day, the poem shall remain eternally; its summer will not end as the natural summer day must. Nor will the poem lose its beauty, and even death cannot claim the poem, because it will exist “in eternal lines”that the poet will continue to write, “When in eternal lines to time thou grow’st.” The Couplet –“This gives life to thee” The couplet—“So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see, / So long lives this, and this gives life to thee”—claims that as long as someone is alive to read it, the poem will have life.。

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文档下载后可定制修改，请根据实际需要进行调整和使用，谢谢!并且，本店铺为大家提供各种类型的经典范文，如诗歌散文、原文赏析、读书笔记、经典名著、古典文学、网络文学、经典语录、童话故事、心得体会、其他范文等等，想了解不同范文格式和写法，敬请关注!Download tips: This document is carefully compiled by this editor.I hope that after you download it, it can help you solve practical problems. The document can be customized and modified after downloading, please adjust and use it according to actual needs, thank you!In addition, this shop provides you with various types of classic sample essays, such as poetry and prose, original text appreciation, reading notes, classic works, classical literature, online literature, classic quotations, fairy tales, experience, other sample essays, etc. if you want to know the difference Please pay attention to the format and writing of the sample essay!莎士比亚诗歌《十四行诗第十八首》原文及赏析【导语】：我怎样能把你比做夏天? 你比它更可爱也更温和; 五月的娇蕾有暴风震颠, 夏季的寿命很短就度过。

莎士比亚十四行诗第18首汉译1，朱湘译文我来比你作夏天，好不好？不，你比它更可爱，更温和：暮春的娇花有暴风侵扰，夏住在人间的时日不多：有时候天之目亮得太凌人，他的金容常被云霾掩蔽，有时因了意外，四季周行，今天的美明天已不再美丽：你的永存之夏却不黄萎，你的美丽亦将长寿万年，你不会死，死神无从夸嘴，因为你的名字入了诗篇：一天还有人活着，有眼睛，你的名字便将于此常新。

2，李霁野译文我来将你比作夏天吗?你比夏天更为可爱,更为温和:暴风摇落五月的柔嫩花芽,夏季的租赁期限要短得多:有的时候太阳照得太热,他的金色面孔常变阴暗;每种美有时都会凋零衰谢,由于机缘,或者由于自然变幻;但是你的永久夏季不会衰败,你的美也永远不会丧失;死亡不至夸口:你在他的阴影里徘徊, 当你在不朽的诗行中度日:——只要人还能呼吸，眼睛还能看望，这些诗行就会永存，使你万寿无疆。

3，梁宗岱译文我怎么能够把你来比作夏天？你不独比它可爱也比它温婉：狂风把五月宠爱的嫩蕊作践，夏天出赁的期限又未免太短：天上的眼睛有时照得太酷烈，它那炳耀的金颜又常遭掩蔽：被机缘或无常的天道所摧折，没有芳艳不终于雕残或销毁。

但是你的长夏永远不会雕落，也不会损失你这皎洁的红芳，或死神夸口你在他影里漂泊，当你在不朽的诗里与时同长。

只要一天有人类，或人有眼睛，这诗将长存，并且赐给你生命。

4，梁实秋译文我可能把你和夏天相比拟？你比夏天更可爱更温和：狂风会把五月的花苞吹落地，夏天也嫌太短促，匆匆而过：有时太阳照得太热，常常又遮暗他的金色的脸；美的事物总不免要凋落，偶然的，或是随自然变化而流转。

但是你的永恒之夏不会褪色；你不会失去你的俊美的仪容；死神不能夸说你在他的阴影里面走着，如果你在这不朽的诗句里获得了永生；只要人们能呼吸，眼睛能看东西，此诗就会不朽，使你永久生存下去。

5，屠岸译文能不能让我把你比拟作夏日？你可是更加温和，更加可爱：狂风会吹落五月的好花儿，夏季的生命又未免结束得太快：有时候苍天的巨眼照得太灼热，他那金彩的脸色也会被遮暗；每一样美呀，总会离开美而凋落，被时机或者自然的代谢所摧残；但是你永久的夏天决不会凋枯，你永远不会失去你美的仪态；死神夸不着你在他影子里踯躅，你将在不朽的诗中与时间同在；只要人类在呼吸，眼睛看得见，我这诗就活着，使你的生命绵延。

Sonnet18Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?Thou art more lovely and more temperate: Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, And summer's lease hath all too short a date: Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,And often is his gold complexion dimm'd;And every fair from fair sometime declines,By chance or nature's changing course untrimm'd; But thy eternal summer shall not fadeNor lose possession of that fair thou owest;Nor shall Death brag thou wander'st in his shade, When in eternal lines to time thou growest:So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see,So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.point, seems to be just the speaker’s opinion, but to prove the poem more temperate, he explains, “Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May”: the “rough winds” that blow the young buds of flowers about is certainly not mild or temperate. And also summer just does not last very long; it has “all too short a date.”The poem, when compared to a summer’s day, is better; its beauty and mildness do not end as summer along with its “summer’s day”does. The reader wonder why the speaker, just after claiming his intention of comparing the poem to a “summer’s day,” then first compares it to a spring day—“the darling buds of May.”Even before summer begins, the May flowers are being tossed about by intemperate breezes; therefore, it stands to reason that if the prelude to summer has its difficulties, one can expect summer have its own unique problems that the poem, of course, will lack.Second Quatrain –“Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines”In the second quatrain, the speaker continues elucidating his complaints that diminish summer’s value in this comparison: sometimes the sunshine makes the temperature too hot: “Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines.” The sun often hides behind clouds, “often is his gold complexion dimm’d.” The reader can realize the implications here: that these inconvenient qualities do no plague the poem.Then the speaker makes a generalization that everything in nature including the seasons—and he has chosen the best season, after all; he did not advantage his argument by comparing the poem to a winter day—and even people degenerates with time, either by happenstance or by processes the human mind does not comprehend or simply by the unstoppable course of nature: "And every fair from fair sometime declines, / By chance, or nature’s changing course untrimm’d.”So far, the speaker has mused that he shall compare the poem to a summer day, and the summer day is losing: even before summer begins, the winds of May are often brutal to the young flowers; summer never lasts long; sometimes the sun is too hot and sometimes it hides behind clouds, and besides everything—even the good things—in nature diminishes in time.Third Quatrain –“But thy eternal summer shall not fade”In the third quatrain, the speaker declares the advantages that the poem has over the summer day: that unlike the summer day, the poem shall remain eternally; its summer will not end as the natural summer day must. Nor will the poem lose its beauty, and even death cannot claim the poem, because it will exist “in eternal lines”that the poet will continue to write, “When in eternal lines to time thou grow’st.”The Couplet –“This gives life to thee”The couplet—“So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see, / So long lives this, and this gives life to thee”—claims that as long as someone is alive to read it, the poem will have life.。

莎士比亚十四行诗_Sonnet_18
莎士比亚的十四行诗《Sonnet 18》是一个典型的爱情诗歌，描绘了一个男人对他所爱的女人的深情表达。

这首诗非常有名，因为它的语言优美，情感深沉，而且它以一种独特的方式表达爱情。

诗歌开头，莎士比亚问：“夏天真是如此美好吗？”然后他列举了夏季的缺点，如小鸟走失和温暖的天气过快地消退。

接着，莎士比亚把夏天和他所爱的女人相比较，认为她比夏天更美，更可爱。

“但我亲爱的比这夏季更加美好，更加温暖。

”他写道。

在诗的下半部分，莎士比亚继续表达他对这个女人的爱。

他说，即使时间流逝，这个女人的美貌也不会消失。

他写道，“你的美丽将永存于此，并且你的一切将继续存留在我记忆之中。

”
莎士比亚通过诗歌来赞美他所爱的女人，措辞优美，充满感情。

他把夏季的短暂和不稳定与他所爱的女人的美丽和稳定相比较，强调了他的爱情之深。

诗歌的最后两行是著名的，“你的美貌将永垂不朽”，这表明这个女人在他心中的位置是不会改变的。

总之，莎士比亚的十四行诗《Sonnet 18》表达了一种深情的爱情，是被人们广泛引用的经典之作。

它展现了莎士比亚的语言造诣和文学天赋，更引领了爱情诗歌的一股风潮。

莎士比亚第18首诗歌Shakespeare's 18th Sonnet莎士比亚，作为英国文学史上最伟大的戏剧家和诗人之一，他的作品广为人知。

他的第18首诗歌被认为是他最经典的作品之一。

这篇文章将探讨莎士比亚第18首诗歌的主题、结构和意义，并对其中一些关键的诗句进行解读。

首先，我将引用莎士比亚第18首诗歌的全文："Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?Thou art more lovely and more temperate:Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,And summer's lease hath all too short a date:Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,And often is his gold complexion dimmed;And every fair from fair sometime declines,By chance, or nature's changing course, untrimmed;But thy eternal summer shall not fadeNor lose possession of that fair thou owest;Nor shall Death brag thou wand'rest in his shadeWhen in eternal lines to time thou growest:So long as men can breathe or eyes can see,So long lives this, and this gives life to thee."这首诗歌以修辞上的问句“Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?”开始，表达了诗人想要把最美好的事物与受讲者相比较的愿望。