国际音标(IPA)&KK音标对照表
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g g 同上,但声带必须震动
g,gh(词首发本音 此中不发音) girl, ghost
f
f
上齿触下唇,气流从此出无声 f,ff,gh,ph,lf face,off,laugh, phone,shelf
v v 同上,但声带必须震动
v view, cave
s
s
唇微微张开 舌近上齿才出气
s, c, ce, ss sick, ceilling, cell, kiss
e, ee, ea, ie,y me, sea, piece, bee,lady i, y, esit, happy, decide oo, o, ue, ui,ew flew ,cool, fruit, true, do oo, ou, o, u ,look, could, put, wolf au, ou, al, aw,,author,call,law, bought o, a, hot, wash, ir, ur, ear, or,bird, turn, learn, work er, or, ar, ur, pleasure,teacher, actor,dollar u,ou,o,a,i album,ago, delicious, today,direct ar, farm, car a,calm u, o, ou, oo,luck,love,trouble,flood e, a, ea,set, head, many a, fat
jar [dʒɑː]
Kk
/k/ Kite [kaɪt]
cake [keɪk]
black [blæk]
thank [θæŋk]
Ll /l/ Leg [leg]
left [left]
flag [flæg] apple ['æp(ə)l]
old [əʊld]
Mm /m/ map [mæp]
my [maɪ] mouth [maʊθ]
th, this, the, there
唯一咬舌音(摩擦音)
ʃ
ʃ
唇收圆稍突 舌稍卷近舌无声
sh, ti, ci, s,si,ssi,sci ship, motion, social, sure
ӡ
ӡ 同上,但声带必须震动
S,si,g pleasure, usual,vision,rouge
舌端齿龈气擦音(摩擦音)
IPA &KK 对照表
IPA:国际音标 48 个 元音:20 个,辅音:28 个
区别:1 书写形式的不同.如:i: (IPA)------i (K.K.) 等.2.发音的个别不同.美式中加入卷舌音,而英式中没有卷舌音.如
ə:(IPA)------ɝ (K.K.)3.此表中在最末加上了几个常见特殊的组合音标。
radio ['reɪdɪəʊ]
brother ['brʌðə]
racket ['rækɪt]
Ss
/s/ sit [sɪt] miss [mɪs]
this [ðɪs] smile [smaɪl] books [bʊks]
/z/ nose [nəʊz]
those [ðəʊz] rose [rəʊz]
rulers ['ruːləz]
舌尖齿龈开口鼻音(鼻音)
ŋ
ŋ
唇张开,舌抵下齿龈,舌后部 -ng, n sing, English(ng 发 /ŋ g/)
抵软腭,鼻音,声带振动
舌后软鄂撒娇鼻音(鼻音)
ℓ 元音前发“了” l
l 元音前发“儿”
l,light, lose (l 在 alk,alm,alf,ould 中不发音) l,fall, call
box [bɒks]
month [mʌnθ]
mother ['mʌðə] love [lʌv]
Pp /p/ map [mæp]
jeep [dʒiːp]
pig [pɪg] pen [pen] apple ['æp(ə)l]
/kw/ quite [kwaɪt]
quick [kwɪk]
Rr /r/ red [red]
six [sɪks]
fox [fɒks]
Yy /aɪ/ my [maɪ]
fly [flaɪ]
why [waɪ] bye [baɪ]
/j/
yes [jes] yellow ['jeləʊ]
/ɪ/
Happy ['hæpɪ]
baby ['beɪbɪ]
very ['verɪ]
Zz
/z/ zoo [zuː]
zero ['zɪərəʊ]
面贴上腭,声带振动
双唇扁平短爷音(半元音)
26 个英文字母常用读音
Aa
/eɪ/
Name [neɪm] cake [keɪk]
/æ/
apple ['æp(ə)l] cat [kæt]
/ɑ:/
ask [ɑːsk] dance [dɑːns]
/ɒ/
What [wɒt]
watch [wɒtʃ]
table ['teɪb(ə)l] map [mæp]
Dd /d/ Desk [desk]
doll [dɒl]
dog [dɒg] dad [dæd]
Ee
/i:/ She [ʃiː]
meet [miːt]
me [miːt]
/e/ Elephant ['elɪf(ə)nt]
egg [eg]
bed [bed]
pen [pen]
Ff
/f/ Fine [faɪn]
Ii
/aɪ/ Fine [faɪn]
bike [baɪk]
five [faɪv] ice [aɪs]
/ɪ/ is [ɪz]
sit [sɪt] miss [mɪs]
pig [pɪg] picture ['pɪktʃə]
Jj /ʤ/
Jeep [dʒiːp]
jam [dʒæm]
jacket ['dʒækɪt]
Bb
/b/ Book [bʊk]
big [bɪg] bag [bæg]
box [bɒks]
Cc
/k/
Cat [kæt]
/s/ Face [feɪs]
cake [keɪk] nice [naɪs]
cup [kʌp] clock [klɒk] pencil ['pens(ə)l; -sɪl]
car [kɑː]
us [ʌs] sun [sʌn]
duck [dʌk]
push [pʊʃ]
Vv
/v/ five [faɪv]
vase [veis]
very ['verɪ]
seven ['sev(ə)n]
Ww
/w/ we [wiː]
window ['wɪndəʊ]
watch [wɒtʃ] want [wɒnt]
Xx
/ks/ box [bɒks]
z
z 同上,但声带必须震动
z, se, ze zoo, shoes, choose, size
气破双唇音(爆破音) 舌尖齿龈气音(爆破音) 气破舌根软鄂音(爆破音) 唇齿相依摩擦音(摩擦音) 气通舌尖齿龈音(摩擦音)
θ
θ 上下齿轻轻咬舌尖且吐气无声 th, thank, mouth
ð ð 同上,但声带必须震动
friend [frend] fly [flaɪ]
fan [fæn]
Gg
/g/ Gun [gʌn] /ʤ/ Age [eɪdʒ]
glass [glɑːs]
glad [glæd]
orange ['ɒrɪn(d)ʒ]
glove [glʌv]
Hh /h/ Hat [hæt]
he [hiː]
house [haʊs] hand [hænd]
p
p 气流冲破紧闭的双唇且无声
p, pen, bag(n,s,t 之前不发音)
b
b 气流冲破紧闭的双唇声带震动 b,bite.(在 t 或 m 前不发音)
t
t
舌尖抵上齿龈弹开舌头且无声 t, tw,tear, fit, two
d d 同上,但声带必须震动
d,dark, afford
k
k
舌后部抵住软腭突然离开无声 k,c,ch,ck,lk cock king, cake, school, box,
h h 嘴自然张开,呵气,无声
h, wh, hi, who(h 在 r 或 k 之后不发音)
大口喘气音(摩擦音)
r
r 舌尖上卷,唇突,声带振动
r,right, red
元音后读儿
四指卷舌音(摩擦音)
ʧ
ʧ
双唇微张突出 舌抵上龈且吐 ch,t tch, church,nature, match
气无声
ʤ ʤ 同上,但声带必须震动
备
类
注
型
发音口形
发此音的字母或字母组合及例举单词
IPA
i: ɪ u: ʊ ɔː ɒ ɜː ə
ɑ: ʌ e æ
KK
i ɪ u ʊ ɔ ɑ ɝ ɚ ə ɑr ɑ ʌ ɛ æ
备注:轻松音简写“轻”,紧张音简写“紧”。舌抵下齿简写“↘”抵上齿“↗”。舌后缩简写“←”。
发音口形主要是讲解 KK 音标。*.双元音(KK 中称双母音)发音时要做到非常连贯。
合口双元音 集中双元音
ju ɔŋ tw ks dw kw
特例补充(KK 音标)
u, ew, student, new, ong,song, long tw,twin, twenty x,box, fox dw,dwell, dwarf qu, question, quick