单相交流调压电路的设计

单相斩控式交流调压电路设计概述单相斩控式交流调压电路的设计用于对交流电源进行调压控制，使输出电压能够稳定在需求范围内。

本文将对该调压电路的设计原理、电路构成、工作原理以及参数选取等进行全面详细的探讨。

设计原理单相斩控式交流调压电路的设计原理基于斩波调压技术，通过控制晶闸管的导通时间来改变输出电压的大小。

其基本思想是在每个交流周期的一定时刻截止半导体器件的导通，从而将源电压锯齿状的波形转换为脉宽调制形式，通过改变脉宽来调节输出电压。

电路构成单相斩控式交流调压电路主要由以下几个部分构成：输入滤波电路输入滤波电路主要用于对输入电压进行平滑滤波，降低谐波成分，获得稳定的直流电压。

常用的输入滤波电路包括电容滤波电路和电感滤波电路。

斩波电路斩波电路是单相斩控式交流调压电路的核心部分，用于将交流电压转换为可调的脉冲电压。

斩波电路一般由晶闸管、二极管以及继电器等组成。

控制电路控制电路用于生成脉宽调制信号，对晶闸管的导通时间进行控制，从而实现输出电压的调节。

一般采用微处理器或者模拟控制电路来生成控制信号。

输出滤波电路输出滤波电路主要用于对输出脉冲进行滤波平滑，得到稳定的直流输出电压。

常用的输出滤波电路包括电感滤波电路和电容滤波电路。

工作原理单相斩控式交流调压电路的工作原理如下：1.输入电压经过输入滤波电路进行滤波后，进入斩波电路。

2.斩波电路将交流电压转换为可调的脉冲电压，通过控制电路的控制信号对晶闸管进行导通和截止控制，改变输出脉冲的脉宽。

3.输出脉冲经过输出滤波电路进行滤波平滑后，得到稳定的直流输出电压。

参数选取在设计单相斩控式交流调压电路时，需要选取合适的参数来保证电路的稳定性和性能。

主要包括以下几个方面：输入电压范围根据实际应用情况选择合适的输入电压范围，通常是根据供电网络的标准电压范围来确定。

输出电压范围根据需求确定输出电压的范围，确保设计的电路可以满足实际需求。

控制信号频率控制信号频率越高，调压速度越快，但也会增加电路的复杂度和功耗。

姓名学号年级专业系（院）指导教师一、引言较流-交流变流电路，即把一种形式的交流变成另一种形式交流的电路。

在进行交流-交流变流时，可以改变相关的电压（电流）、频率和相数等。

交流-交流变流电路可以分为直接方式（无中间直流环节方式）和间接方式（有中间直流环节方式）两种。

而间接方式可以看做交流-直流变换电路和直流-交流变换电路的组合，故交-交变流主要指直接方式。

其中，只改变电压、电流或对电路的通断进行控制，而不改变频率的电路称为交流电力控制电路，改变频率的电路称为变频电路。

采用相位控制的交流电力控制电路，即交流调压电路；采用通断控制的交流电力控制电路，即交流调功电路和交流无触点开关。

交流调压电路广泛用于灯光控制（如调光台灯和舞台灯光控制）及异步电动机的软启动也用于异步电动机调速。

在电力系统中，这种电路还常用于对无功功率的连续调节。

此外，在高电压小电流或低电压大电流直流电源中，也常采用交流调压电路调节变压器一次电压。

在这些电源中如果采用晶闸管相控整流电路，高电压小电流可控直流电源就需要很多晶闸管串联，低电压大电流直流电源需要很多晶闸管并联，十分不合理。

采用交流调压电路在变压器一次侧调压，其电压、电流值都比较适中，在变压器二次侧只要用二极管整流就可以了。

这样的电路体积小、成本低、易于设计制造。

其分为单相和三相交流调压电路，前者是后者基础，这里只讨论单相问题。

交流调功电路常用于电炉的温度控制，其直接调节对象是电路的平均输出功率。

像电炉温度这样的控制对象，其时间常数往往很大，没有必要对交流电源的每个周期进行频繁的控制，只要以周波数为单位进行控制就足够了。

通常控制晶闸管导通的时刻都是在电源电压过零的时刻，这样，在交流电源接通期间，负载电压电源都是正弦波，不对电网电压电流造成通常意义的谐波污染。

RO图4-1u 1u oi o VT 1VT 2u 1u o i o u V TωtO ωtO ωtO ωt三、设计方案选择及论证3.1 带电阻性负载 3.1.1 原理图1为电阻负载单相交流调压电路图及其波形。

单相交流调压电路仿真设计一、单相交流调压电路原理变压器是单相交流调压电路的核心部件，其主要作用是改变输入交流电压的大小。

变压器由两个或多个线圈组成，其中一个线圈称为初级线圈，另一个线圈称为次级线圈。

交流电压作用在初级线圈上，通过磁耦合作用，可以在次级线圈上产生与输入电压不同的输出电压。

通过调整初级线圈与次级线圈的匝数比，可以实现不同的输出电压。

整流电路主要由二极管构成，用于将交流电压转换为直流电压。

二极管具有单向导电性，可以将交流电压中的正半周或者负半周导通，将其它方向的电压截断。

通过适当选择二极管的导通方向和数量，可以实现不同的整流方式，如半波整流、全波整流等。

滤波电路主要由电容器构成，用于去除整流电路输出电压中的纹波。

在整流电路中，由于二极管导通和截断的不完全性，输出电压中会带有交流成分，称为纹波。

通过选择合适的电容器容值和电阻负载，可以将输出电压中的纹波减小到很小的水平。

在进行单相交流调压电路的仿真设计时，首先需要确定输入电压、输出电压和负载电流等参数。

根据需要的输出电压大小和负载电流大小，可以选择合适的变压器匝数比、二极管种类和数量、电容器容值等。

接下来，可以利用电路仿真软件进行电路图设计，如Proteus、Multisim等。

首先，根据变压器匝数比和输入电压确定初级线圈和次级线圈的参数。

然后，设计整流电路，选择合适的二极管种类和数量，以及电容器和电阻负载参数。

最后，连接电路图中的各个元件，形成完整的单相交流调压电路。

完成电路图设计后，可以对电路进行仿真分析。

通过设置输入电压、输出电压和负载电流等参数，可以模拟电路工作情况。

仿真分析可以得到电路的输入电流、输出电流、纹波大小等参数，以及不同工作条件下的性能指标。

仿真结果可以用于评估电路性能和优化设计。

根据仿真结果，可以调整电路参数，以达到更好的性能要求。

比如，可以尝试不同的变压器匝数比、二极管种类和数量、电容器容值等，看看它们对电路性能的影响。

单相交流调压电路设计（Design of single phase AC voltageregulator circuit）DOC documents may experience poor browsing on the WAP side. It is recommended that you first select TXT, or download the source file to the local view.Design of single phase AC voltage regulating circuit, design of single-phase AC voltage regulating circuit, AC voltage regulating circuit1 design objectives and requirements analysisThe design of a single-phase AC voltage regulator circuit requires a trigger angle of 45 degrees. The back EMF load is E=40 volts and the input is AC U2=210 volts. There are no LB and LB two of.L is large enough, C analysis of large enough requirements: 1. single-phase AC voltage design, main circuit principle; 2. trigger circuit design, analysis of sequence and phase of each switch trigger; 3. protection circuit, overcurrent protection, overvoltage protection principle and setting analysis; the calculation of 4. parameters (including the trigger angle, average output voltage, average output current, output active power calculation, output waveform analysis, determine the rated parameters of the device can add their own analysis parameters); from the above design requirements of the system can be divided into four parts: the AC voltage main circuit, trigger circuit design protection circuit design and related calculation and waveform analysis part. Here are a detailed introduction.2 the design selection adopts two common thyristor reverse parallel design single-phase AC voltage regulating circuit3 single-phase AC voltage regulation main circuit design and analysisAC voltage regulation means that the two thyristors are connected in series in an AC circuit after they are connected in parallel. In each half cycle, the effective value of the output voltage can be adjusted conveniently by controlling the phase of the thyristor. AC voltage regulating circuit is widely used in light control and asynchronous motor soft start, also used in asynchronous motor speed regulation. In addition, in the high voltage, small current or low voltage, high current power supply, AC voltage regulation circuit is often used to adjust the primary voltage of the transformer. The course design is mainly to study the design of single-phase AC voltage regulation circuit. Because the working condition of AC voltage regulating circuit is closely related to the nature of the load, the anti EMF and resistance load are discussed below.OneFigure 1 and Figure 2 are respectively the back EMF, the resistance load, the single-phase AC voltage regulation circuit and the waveform. The thyristors VT1 and VT2 in the picture can also be replaced by a bidirectional thyristor. The output voltage can be adjusted by controlling the phase shift control angle of the VT1 and VT2 in the positive half and half half cycles of the AC power U2.Fig. 1 single phase AC voltage regulation circuit with back EMFresistance loadFig. 2 waveform of input and output voltage and currentThe positive and negative half cycle alpha start times (alpha =0) are voltage zero crossing times. At t = Alpha Omega, applying trigger pulse to VT1, when VT1 positive bias is turned on, the load voltage waveform and power supply voltage waveform in the same; omega = Pi T, power supply voltage zero, due to a resistive load, current is zero, VT1 turned off. stayWhen Omega t = Pi + alpha, a trigger pulse is applied to the VT2, and the waveform of the load voltage is shifted when the VT2 is biased forwardThe same as the supply voltage waveform; at Omega t = 2 pi, the power supply voltage is zero, and the VT2 is turned off naturally. When the power supply voltage reverse zero, because of the back EMF load prevents current changes, so the current can not be immediately to zero, the thyristor conduction angle size, not only related to the control angle, but also related with the load impedance angle. The initial control points of gate gates of two thyristors are set at the starting point of each half of the supply voltage respectively. When the steady-state is equal to the positive and negative half weeks, the load voltage waveform is part of the supply voltage waveform, and the waveform of the load current (the supply current) is similar to that of the load voltage.4 trigger circuit designTwoThe thyristor trigger circuit is used to generate gate trigger pulses that meet the requirements and to ensure that the thyristor is switched off to conduction at the desired time. Broadly speaking, thyristor trigger circuit often includes a phase control circuit of the trigger time of the control, but here refers to pulse amplification and output. The thyristor trigger circuit shall meet the following requirements: 1) the width of pulse should ensure reliable thyristor conduction of the converter, back EMF load should be used in pulse width or pulse trigger; 2) trigger sufficient amplitude, on cold outdoor occasions, amplitude of pulse current should be increased to 3-5 times the maximum trigger current, pulse steepness may increase, the general should be 1-2A/us; 3) provided the trigger pulse voltage, current and power should not exceed the thyristor gate and the gate of the quota, the volt ampere characteristics of reliable trigger area; 4) electrical isolation of anti-jamming, stability and temperature the main circuit and the. According to the above requirements analysis, the KC05 phase shift trigger is used to design the trigger circuit.KCO5 silicon controlled phase shift trigger is suitable for AC phase control of bidirectional thyristor or two reverse parallel thyristor. The KC05 pin diagram is shown in figure 3:Figure 3 KC05 pin diagramKC05 trigger chip has the advantages of good sawtooth waveform, wide range of phase shift, simple control mode, easycentralized control, loss of protection, high output current and so on. It is an ideal circuit for AC dimming and voltage regulation. The KC05 circuit is also suitable for phase control of semi controlled or fully controlled bridge lines. Synchronous voltage from 15, 16 feet KC05 input, TP1 can be observed in the sawtooth wave, RP1 potentiometer to adjust the slope of the sawtooth, Rp2 potentiometer to adjust the phase angle, the trigger pulses from the pulse transformer output of ninth feet. Adjust potentiometer RP1, observe sawtooth slope change, adjust RP2, can observe the output pulse phase shift range, how to change the single-phase AC voltage trigger circuit diagram, as shown in figure 4:ThreeFig. 4 Schematic diagram of single phase AC voltage regulating trigger circuit5 protection circuit designIn the power electronic circuit, besides the choice of the parameters of the power electronic device and the design of the drive circuit, proper overvoltage, overcurrent, du/dt protection and di/dt protection are also necessary. 1 over voltage generation and over-voltage protection, the possible overvoltage in power electronic devices is divided into two categories: external factor, over voltage and internal overvoltage. Be mainly from overvoltage reasons, external lightning in the system operation process includes: 1) operating voltage: the overvoltage caused by separate switch, switching operation, fast switch off DC electromagneticprocess often caused by overvoltage in operation.Four2) lightning overvoltage: overvoltage caused by lightning stroke. The switching process, Internal Overvoltage mainly from internal devices of power electronic device includes: 1) commutation overvoltage due to thyristor full controlled devices or anti parallel after not immediately restore blocking diode in phase change after the end of the reverse current flow through the larger, so that the residual carrier recovery, when the restore the blocking capability, reverse current decreases sharply, so the current mutation due to inductance in the two ends of the thyristor full controlled devices or between anode and cathode with diode anti parallel overvoltage. 2) turn off overvoltage: the full controlled device works at higher frequencies. When the device is turned off, the voltage across the device is induced by the inductance of the line inductance due to the rapid decrease of the forward current. According to the different parts of the overvoltage protection circuit overvoltage protection circuit is generated, adding different, when reaching certain voltage, automatically open circuit protection, overvoltage protection circuit formed by the pathway of electromagnetic energy consumption, overvoltage storage, so that the energy is not added to the main switching device Overvoltage on protection of power electronic devices. In order to achieve the protection effect, the resistance capacitance protection circuit can be used. When the capacitor is connected in the loop, when the voltage spike voltage occurs in the circuit, the voltage at both ends of the capacitor can not be mutated, and the overvoltage in the circuit can beeffectively suppressed. A resistor connected in series with the capacitor can consume part of the overvoltage energy, while suppressing the inductance and capacitance in the circuit to oscillate. The overvoltage protection circuit is shown in figure 5.Figure 5 RC resistance capacitance overvoltage protection circuit2 over current protection. Excessive current may occur when the power electronics circuit is not operating properly or when a fault occurs. When the device breakdown or short circuit, trigger circuit or control circuit failure, overload, short circuit, reversible DC transmission system produces circulation or inverter failure, and AC power supply voltage is too high or too low, the lack of equal, can cause the flow. Since the current overload capacity of power electronic devices is relatively poor, it is necessary to carry out over-current protection for converters. Fast fuse is the most effective and widely used over-current protection method in power electronic devices.FiveFig. 6 overcurrent protection circuitThe overcurrent protection circuit as shown in Figure 6, the AC side connected fast fuse tube protection short circuit element short circuit and DC side of thyristor, but normal operation, fast fuse current rating is greater than the current of the thyristor protection effect of this poor quota, thecomponents of the short circuit fault. The DC side quick fuse only protects the short circuit from the load and has no protective effect on the component. Only thyristor directly connected to a fast fuse is the best protection for components because they flow through the same current and are widely used. As the first electronic circuit protection fuse protection only as part of the section of short circuit, DC fast circuit breaker setting protection in electronic circuit, overcurrent relay operating in overload.Parameter setting and calculation of 6 phase AC voltage regulation circuit1) parameter setting of single-phase AC voltage regulator: the trigger angle is 45 degrees, the back EMF load is E=40 volts, and the input is AC U2=210 volts. There are two cases of LB and no LB. The L is large enough and the C is large enough. 2) single-phase AC voltage regulator converter circuit analysis: in the single-phase AC voltage regulator circuit diagram, thyristor VT1 and VT2 can also be replaced by a bidirectional thyristor. The output voltage can be adjusted by controlling the turn-on angle of VT1 and VT2 in the positive half and negative half cycles of the AC power U2. The starting time (=0) of positive and negative half cycles is zero crossing time. In the steady state, it should be equal to the positive and negative half weeks. It can be seen that the load voltage waveform is part of the voltage waveform of the power supply, and the waveform of the load current is the same as the load voltage. 3) output average voltage, current and output active power calculation, first set resistance value R = 100, divided into LB and no LB two cases analysis. When there is no leakagesense LB, when the opening angle is set as alpha, the effective value of the load voltage is U0, the effective current value of the load current is I0, the RMS current of the thyristor current is IVT, and the power factor of the circuit is lambda. According to the formula, the following results are obtained:= U01 PI + alpha formula (2U2 sin T 2 D (omega) = Alpha PI Omega T) =201.87VI0 = U0, =2.02A, R(1)(2)SixIVT=1 PI + alpha 2U2 sin WT (2) d (WT) = 2 pi alpha 1.43A formula RLambda = P, U0I0, =0.961 = S, U 2, I0(3)(4)When the leakage inductance is considered, there is alwaysleakage in the transformer windings LB. Because the inductance is a hindrance to the current change, the inductance current can not be mutated, so the commutation process can not be completed instantaneously, but will last for some time. The influence of leakage inductance LB on the related parameters in the commutation process is analyzed below. In the commutation process, the instantaneous value of the output voltage isUd = Ua + LBDik, Dik, Ua + Ub = Ub = LB = DT DT 2(5)It can be seen that in commutation process, the rectifier voltage U D is the average value of the two thyristors with the corresponding two phase voltages simultaneously. Compared with the transformer leakage inductance, the U D is reduced by one piece each time, which leads to the average reduction of U D, and reduces the number of U D. This is called the phase change voltage drop. (6)Ud = X, B, IdPIWhere XB=w LB. XB converts the leakage inductance of the LB transformer to the two term leakage reactance. At the same time, we can obtain the change of overlap angle gamma, which can be obtained by the lower form.Cos alpha cos (alpha + lambda) =IdXB 2U 2(7)The change law of the change phase overlap angle with other parameters is as follows: when Id is bigger, the gamma is bigger; when XB is bigger, the gamma is bigger; when alpha <=90 degrees, the alpha is smaller, then the gamma is bigger. The influence of leakage inductance on the circuit is analyzed as follows: (1) the phase change overlap angle and the average output voltage of rectifier Ud are decreased. (2) the working state of the rectifier circuit is increased (3) the di/dt of the thyristor is reduced, which is beneficial to the safe opening of the thyristor. Sometimes artificial input line reactors are used to suppress the thyristor di/d t. (4) when the commutation occurs, the thyristor voltage gap occurs, resulting in a positive du/dt, which may cause the thyristor to mislead. Therefore, an absorption circuit must be added.Seven(5) commutation causes the voltage of the grid to become a source of interference.Harmonic analysis of 7 single-phase AC voltage regulating circuitThe load voltage and load current of single phase AC voltageregulating circuit are not sinusoidal wave, and contain a large amount of harmonic. Taking the resistive load as an example, the harmonic analysis of the load voltage U0 is made. Since the positive and negative half wave of the wave is symmetrical, there is no DC component or even harmonic.8 design summary and experienceThe power electronic technology curriculum design, so that we have the opportunity to learn the theoretical knowledge used in the classroom in practice. And through the comprehensive utilization of knowledge, the necessary analysis, comparison. And further verify the theoretical knowledge. At the same time, the curriculum design for our future study to lay the foundation. Guide us in the future study, many brains at the same time, should be good at finding and solving problems. The curriculum design, but also let me know, the most important thing is mentality, you get the title will feel difficult, but as long as full of confidence, will certainly be completed. Through the power electronic technology curriculum design, textbook for me to deepen the understanding of professional knowledge, usually is the theory of knowledge, in the curriculum design, truly design their own access to information, to complete a basic assembler. In the design process,I am more familiar with the principle of single-phase AC voltage regulator circuit and the design of trigger circuit. Of course, in this process, I also encountered difficulties, discuss each other through access to information, I accurately identify the errors and corrected in time, this is my biggest harvest, so that their practical ability has been further improved, let mehave more confidence in the future study and work. Through this curriculum design that I only theoretical knowledge is not enough to understand, only the theory knowledge and practice combined, draw conclusions from theory, the ability to improve their practical ability and independent thinking. In the design process will inevitably encounter various problems, and found his shortcomings in the design process, the previously learned knowledge to understand deeply enough, enough to grasp firmly, through the curriculum design, the previously learned knowledge of the new review and consolidate what they have learned knowledge.Eight7 referencesWang Yunliang [1]. The power electronic technology. Beijing: Electronic Industry Press, 2004. [2] Zhao Liangbing modern power electronics technology. Beijing: Tsinghua University press, 1999 [3] Huang Jun, Wang Zhaoan. Power electronic converter technology. Beijing: Mechanical Industry Press, 2001.[4] Wang Zhaoan, Huang Jun of power electronic technology. Beijing: Mechanical Industry Press, 2000.. Zhou Kening [5] power electronic technology. Beijing: Mechanical Industry Press, 2004NineOne。

斩控式单相交流调压电路设计一、电路结构1.调压变压器：调压变压器用于将输入电压调整为需要的输出电压。

其一次侧连接到交流电源，二次侧连接到斩波电路。

2.斩波电路：斩波电路由开关管和与之配套的电路组成。

开关管负责控制电源的通断，电路则根据开关管的导通状态，控制输出电压。

3.滤波电路：滤波电路用于对输出电压进行平滑处理，减小其峰值值波动。

4.负载：负载是电路的输出部分，可以是电阻、电感或电容等元件。

二、电路原理1.斩波原理斩波电路采用开关管控制输出电源通断，实现对交流电压的控制。

在正半周，开关管导通，电源输出；在负半周，开关管关断，电源不输出。

通过控制开关管的导通时间，可以实现对输出电压的控制。

2.滤波原理滤波电路主要通过电感、电容等元件，对输出电压进行平滑处理，减小其峰值值波动。

电感对交流信号有滤波作用，而电容则具有存储电荷的特性，可以增大负载电流。

三、设计步骤1.确定输出电压根据实际需求，确定所需的输出电压。

2.选择调压变压器根据所需的输出电压和电流，选择合适的调压变压器。

3.选择开关管根据输出电压和负载要求，选择合适的开关管。

常用的开关管有MOSFET和IGBT等。

4.设计斩波电路根据开关管的参数和工作原理，设计和优化斩波电路。

可以使用各种控制技术，如脉冲宽度调制(PWM)等。

5.设计滤波电路根据输出电压的波动情况，选择合适的滤波电路设计。

可以使用RC 滤波电路、LCL滤波电路等。

6.验证电路设计使用仿真软件对电路进行仿真验证，检查输出电压波形是否稳定、峰值值是否满足要求。

根据仿真结果进行优化调整。

7.电路实现与调试根据设计结果，搭建电路原型并进行实际调试。

检查输出电压是否符合要求，观察电路工作是否稳定。

8.性能评估与改进对实际搭建的电路进行性能评估，并进行必要的优化改进。

通过以上步骤，可以设计出符合实际要求的斩控式单相交流调压电路。

在实际应用中，还需要考虑电压变化范围、功率损耗、开关管和滤波元件的选取等问题。

各部分电路的作用 (2)电路与变压器变比的设计参数计算2.8 设计总结1、按课程设计指导书提供的课题, 根据第下表给出的基本要求及参数独立完成设计, 方案的经济技术论证。

2、主电路设计。

3、通过计算选择整流器件的具体型号。

4、确定变压器变比及容量。

5、确定平波电抗器。

7、触发电路设计或选择。

第1章课程设计内容将一种交流电能转换为另一种交流电能的过程称为交流-交流变换过程, 凡能实现这种变换的电路为交流变换电路。

对单相交流电的电压进行调节的电路。

用在电热控制、交流电动机速度控制、灯光控制和交流稳压器等场合。

与自耦变压器调压方法相比, 交流调压电路控制方便, 调节速度快, 装置的重量轻、体积小, 有色金属消耗也少。

结构原理简单。

该方案是由变压器、触发电路、整流器、以及一些电路构成的, 为一台电阻炉提供电源。

输入的电压为单相交流220V, 经电路变换后, 为连续可调的交流电。

2.2 各部分电路作用220V交流输入部分作用: 为电路提供电源, 主要是市电输入。

调压环节的作用: 将交流220V电源经过变压器、整流器等电路转换为连续可调的交流电输出。

触发电路部分作用: 为主电路提供触发信号。

输出连续可调的交流电源部分作用: 为电阻炉提供电源。

发电路与变压器变比的设计闸管触发电路的作用是产生符合要求的门极触发脉冲, 保证晶闸管在需要的时刻由阻断转为导通。

晶闸管触发电路应满足下列要求:1) 触发脉冲的宽度应保证晶闸管可靠导通, 对感性和反电动势负载的变流器应采用宽脉冲或脉冲列触发, 对变流器的起动、双星形带平衡电抗器电路的触发脉冲应宽于30o, 三相全控桥式电路应采用宽于60o 或采用相隔60o 的双窄脉冲。

2) 触发脉冲应有足够的幅度, 对户外寒冷场合, 脉冲电流的幅度应增大为器件最大触发电流的3~5倍, 脉冲前沿的陡度也需增加, 一般需达1~2A/μs 。

3) 所提供的触发脉冲应不超过晶闸管门极的电压、电流和功率定额, 且在门极伏安特性的可靠触发区域之内。

1.单相交流调压电路（阻-感性负载）1.1单相交流调压电路电路结构（阻-感性负载）单相交流调压电路，它用两只反并联的普通晶闸管或一只双向晶闸管与负载电阻R电感L串联组成主电路。

单相交流调压电路（阻-感性负载）电路图如图1所示。

图1.单相交流调压电路（阻-感性负载）电路图1.2单相交流调压电路工作原理（阻-感性负载）当电源电压U2在正半周时，晶闸管VT1承受正向电压，但是没有触发脉冲晶闸管VT1没有导通，在α时刻来了一个触发脉冲，晶闸管VT1导通，晶闸管VT2在电源电压是正半周时承受反向电压截止，当电源电压反向过零时，由于负载电感产生感应电动势阻止电流变化，故电流不能马上为零，随着电源电流下降过零进入负半周，电路中的电感储存的能量释放完毕，电流到零，晶闸管VT1关断。

当电源电压U2在负半周时，晶闸管VT2承受正向电压，但是没有触发脉冲晶闸管VT2没有导通，在π+α时刻来了一个触发脉冲，晶闸管VT2导通，晶闸管VT1在电源电压是负半周时承受反向电压截止，当电源电压反向过零时，由于负载电感产生感应电动势阻止电流变化，故电流不能马上为零，随着电源电流下降过零进入负半周，电路中的电感储存的能量释放完毕，电流到零，晶闸管VT2关断。

1.3单相交流调压电路仿真模型（阻-感性负载）单相交流调压电路（阻-感性负载）仿真电路图如图2所示：图2.单相交流调压电路（阻-感性负载）仿真电路图电源参数，频率50hz，电压100v，如图3图3.单相交流调压电路（阻-感性负载）电源参数VT1脉冲参数设置，振幅3V，周期0.02，占空比10%，时相延迟α/360*0.02，如图4图4.单相交流调压电路（阻-感性负载）脉冲参数设置VT2脉冲参数设置，振幅3V，周期0.02，占空比10%，时相延迟（α+π）/360*0.02，如图5图5.单相交流调压电路（阻-感性负载）脉冲参数设置1.4单相交流调压电路仿真参数设置（阻-感性负载）设置触发脉冲α分别为30°、60°、90°、120°。

单项交流调压电路课程设计一、课程目标知识目标：1. 学生能够理解并掌握单项交流调压电路的基本原理和电路构成；2. 学生能够描述并解释调压电路中各元件的作用及其工作原理；3. 学生能够掌握并运用相关的物理公式和电路分析方法，对单项交流调压电路进行计算和分析。

技能目标：1. 学生能够运用所学知识，设计并搭建简单的单项交流调压电路；2. 学生能够运用电路测试仪器，对单项交流调压电路进行性能测试和参数调整；3. 学生能够通过实际操作，培养动手能力和问题解决能力。

情感态度价值观目标：1. 学生通过学习单项交流调压电路，培养对电子技术的兴趣和热情；2. 学生在学习过程中，培养合作意识、团队精神和创新思维；3. 学生能够认识到电子技术在日常生活中的应用和重要性，提高社会责任感和环保意识。

课程性质：本课程为电子技术基础课程，旨在让学生掌握单项交流调压电路的基本知识和技能。

学生特点：本课程面向初中年级学生，他们对电子技术有一定的好奇心，动手能力强，但理论知识相对薄弱。

教学要求：结合学生特点，注重理论与实践相结合，提高学生的实际操作能力和问题解决能力。

通过分解课程目标，确保学生能够达到预期学习成果，为后续教学和评估提供依据。

二、教学内容1. 理论知识：- 电路基础知识：电流、电压、电阻的概念及其相互关系；- 单项交流电特点：正弦波、频率、周期、峰值、有效值等；- 调压电路原理：自耦变压器、串联电容、并联电容的调压原理。

2. 实践操作：- 电路元件识别：电阻、电容、电感、二极管、晶体管等；- 单项交流调压电路搭建：自耦变压器调压电路、电容滤波电路；- 性能测试：使用万用表、示波器等设备测试电路参数。

3. 教学大纲安排：- 第一课时：电路基础知识回顾，单项交流电特点介绍；- 第二课时：调压电路原理讲解，分析各元件作用；- 第三课时：电路元件识别，实践操作指导；- 第四课时：单项交流调压电路搭建，性能测试与参数调整；- 第五课时：总结与评价，拓展知识介绍。

晶闸管单相交流调压与调功电路设计晶闸管（thyristor）是一种常用的电子元件，可用于单相交流调压和调功电路的设计。

下面将详细介绍晶闸管单相交流调压与调功电路的设计过程。

一、晶闸管单相交流调压电路设计1.电路组成2.电路原理电路的原理是将交流电压输入到变压器的一侧，然后通过晶闸管控制电路的导通角度来改变输出电压。

3.电路设计步骤（1）选择合适的晶闸管和变压器，根据负载的要求确定需要的输出电压范围。

（2）根据输出电压范围选择合适的电阻和电容元件，用于过滤电路中的谐波。

（3）利用适当的控制电路来控制晶闸管的导通，以达到对输出电压的调节和控制。

4.电路设计要点（1）选择合适的晶闸管和变压器，要考虑其额定电流和功率，以及负载要求的输出电压范围。

（2）合理选择电阻和电容元件，以滤除谐波，确保输出电压质量。

（3）合理设计控制电路，使其能够准确控制晶闸管的导通角度。

1.电路组成2.电路原理电路的原理是将交流电输入到变压器的一侧，然后通过晶闸管控制电路的导通角度来改变输出电功率。

3.电路设计步骤（1）选择合适的晶闸管和变压器，根据负载的要求确定需要的输出功率范围。

（2）合理设计控制电路，使其能够准确控制晶闸管的导通角度。

4.电路设计要点（1）选择合适的晶闸管和变压器，要考虑其额定电流和功率，以及负载要求的输出功率范围。

（2）合理设计控制电路，使其能够准确控制晶闸管的导通角度，以实现对负载电功率的调节和控制。

以上是晶闸管单相交流调压与调功电路的设计过程。

根据具体的应用需求和负载要求，可以选择合适的晶闸管和变压器，并合理设计控制电路，以实现对交流电压和功率的调节和控制。