英语常用术语翻译

常用翻译术语简述（一）1、内容（content）与形式相对，指原文的思想或其内在意义。

2、形式（form）与内容相对,是传统译论的核心概念之一。

指语言意义的物质表现,包括词(字)形、句型、篇章结构、修辞格、字体排列以及各种音素形式。

3、欠额翻译（under-translation）与过载翻译相对在译语中, 原语信息被译者忽视或打了不应有的折扣，即信息度过小，以致读者得不到理解原文意思的必要信息。

(Newmark)4、过载翻译（over-translation）与欠额翻译相对。

译语的意义容量超过原语的意义容量,即译语的信息度过大，一般为增译不当所致，亦有添油加醋、借题发挥而致。

(Newmark）5、不可译性（untranslatability）与可译性相对,由于原作语言形式上的特异性和不同语言民族之间文化空缺或不可替代性，使译文不可能准确完整地再现原文。

6、可译性（translatability）与不可译性相对,可译论者认为,人类思想具有同一性,认识和思维方式具有普遍性，所以原本(包括它的文体和风格)是可用另一种语言翻译出来的。

7、可译性限度（limit of translatability）因语言形式和文化不同使可译性受到局限。

8、归化（domestication）与异化”相对，指恪守本族文化的语言传统，回归地道的本族语表达方式。

9、异化（alienation）与“归化”相对。

指在翻译方法上迁就外来文化的语言特点,吸纳外语表达方式。

10、回译（back translation）指把被译写成另一种文字的内容再转译成原文的表达。

12、形合（hypotaxis）与“意合”相对,指句子内部的连接或句子间的连接采用句法手段(syntacticdevices)或词汇手段(lexical equivalence)。

13、意合（parataxis）与“形合"相对,指句子内部的连接或句子间的连接采用语义手段(semantic connection)。

中国译协中译英最新发布,各类专业术语直译1.科学发展观 the Outlook of Scientific Development2.倡导公正、合理的新秩序观 call for the establishment of a new just and equitable order3.以平等互利为核心的新发展观 new thinking on development based on equality and mutual benefit4.推动树立以互信、互利、平等和协作为主要内容的新安全观foster a new thinking on security featuring mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality and coordination5.主张形成以尊重多样性为特点的新文明观 foster a new thinking on civilization that respects diversity6.新能源观 new thinking on energy development有关先进文化的词汇1.古为今用、洋为中用旧译 let the ancient serve the present, let the foreign serve the national 现译 draw from past and foreign achievements2.文艺工作 cultural and art work; work in the cultural field3.牢牢把握先进文化的前进方向firmly keep to the direction of an advanced culture/cultural advancement4.文化与经济和政治互相交融interaction between cultural work, and economic and political activitiescultural elements/factorsintermingle with economic and political factors5.民族的科学的大众的社会主义文化a socialist culture that is distinctly Chinese, pro-science and people-oriented6.弘扬主旋律，提倡多样化 promote mainstream values and uphold cultural diversity7.以科学的理论武装人，以正确的舆论引导人，以崇高的精神塑造人，以优秀的作品鼓舞人Equip/empower people with scientific theories, guide them with correct opinions/ convey to them right messages/provide them with correct media guidance, imbue them with a noble spirit and inspire them with excellent/fine works 8.具有中国气派的社会主义文化Chinese-style socialist culture; socialist culture with Chinese appeal9.越是民族的，越是世界的The pride of a nation is also the pride of the world.What's unique for a nation is also precious for the world.When you are unique, the world comes to you.10.文艺应当贴近群众，贴近生活，贴近实际。

我的英语翻译—贸易英语—术语例句中英文对照1.TradeTerms贸易术语2.Departure启运3.EXW(ExWorks)工厂交货4.Maincarriageunpaid主要运费未付5.FCA(FreeCarrier)货交承运人6.FAS(FreealongsideShip)装运港船边交货7.FOB(FreeonBoard)装运港船上交货8.Maincarriagepaid主要运费已付9.CFR(Costandfreight)成本加运费10.CIF(CostInsuranceandFreight)成本、保险费的运费11.CPT（CarriagePaidTo）运费付至目的地12.CIP（CarriageandInsurancePaidTo）运费、保险费付至目的地13.Arrival抵达14.DAF（DeliveredAtFrontier）边境交货15.DES（DeliveredExShip）目的港船上交货16.DEQ（DeliveredExQuay）目的港码头交货17.DDU（DeliveredDutyUnpaid）未完税交货18.DDP（DeliveredDutyPaid）完税后交货19.FIO（Freeinandout）船方不负担装卸费20.FI（Freein）船方不负担装货费21.FO（Freeout）船方不负担卸货费22.GrossTerm船方负担装卸费23.ExclusiveSales包销24.Agency代理25.Agent代理人26.Principal本人27.Authorization授权28.GeneralAgency总代理29.ExclusiveAgency或SoleAgency独家代理missionAgency佣金代理31.Consignment寄售32.InvitationtoTender招标33.ToSubmitTender投标34.InernationalCompetitiveBidding，ICB国际竞争性招标35.OpenBidding公开招标36.SelectedBidding选择性招标37.NegotiatedBidding谈判招标38.Two—stageBidding两段招标39.AnnouncementofTender发布招标公告40.BiddingDocuments编制招标文件41.Auction拍卖42.Auctioneer拍卖商43.Bidder竞买者44.DutchAuction荷兰式拍卖45.SealedBids;ClosedBids密封递价46.FuturesTransaction期货交易47.SellingHedging卖期保值48.BuyingHedging买期保值49.CounterTrade对销贸易pensationAgreement补偿协定pensationSystem补偿制52.ProductsBuyback产品回购53.TradeonCompensatoryBasis补偿基础上的贸易54.CounterTrade对销贸易55.Barter易货56.CounterPurchase互购57.Productionsharing产品分成58.Switch转手贸易59.Switcher转手商60.additionalvalue附加价值ofCommodity商品名称62.QualityasperSeller'sSample质量已卖方样品为准63.QualityasperBuyer'sSample质量已买方样品为准64.CounterSample对等样品65.ConfirmationSample确认样品66.Description说明67.FairAverageQuality良好平均品质68.qualitytobeconsiderdeandbeingaboutequaltothesample交货品质和样品大体相符69.condition要件70.Ounce盎司71.Carat克拉72.Gross箩73.Ream令74.Roll、Coil、Reel卷75.Length长度76.Area面积77.Volume体积78.Capacity容积79.Grossweight毛重Weight净重81.ActualTare或RealTare实际皮重82.AverageTare平均皮重83.StandardWeight标准皮重84.CustomaryTare习惯皮重putedTare约定皮重86.ConditionedWeight公量87.LegalWeight法定重量Weight实物净重89.Eachdozeninacardboardboxand20dozensinacarton 纸箱装，每箱20打，每打装一盒90.FlexibleContainer集装包91.Pallet托盘92.Container集装箱93.PriceAdjustmentclause价格调整条款missionRate佣金率95.PriceIncludingCommission含佣金96.ChinaPorts中国港口97.WeatherWorkingDaysof24ConsecutiveHours连续24小时晴天工作日98.CustomaryQuickDespatch习惯快速装卸99.FreefromParticularAverage（FPA）平安险100.WithParticularAverage（WA或WRA）水渍险101.ALLRisks一切险102.Theft，Pilferage&Nondelivery，TPND偷窃提货不着险103.Freshand/orRainWaterDamageRisks，FRWD淡水雨淋险104.RiskofLeakage渗漏险105.RiskofShortageinWeight短量险106.HookDamage钩损险107.RiskofContamination污染险108.RiskofClashingor Break age碰损破碎险109.RiskofOdor串未险110.DamagecausedbySweatingand/orHeating受潮受热险111.Lossand/orDamagecausedby Break ageofPacking包装破裂险112.RiskofRusting锈损险113.WarRisks战争险114.StrikeRisk罢工险115.FailuretoDeliver交货不到险116.ImportDuty进出口关税险117.onDeck舱面险118.Rejection拒收险119.Aflatoxin黄曲霉素险120.WarehousetoWarehouseClause仓至仓条款121.InsurancetobeeffectedbytheBuyer保险由买方办理122.Cashwithorder订货时付现123.DocumentsagainstPayment（D/P）付款交单124.TrustReceipt信托收据125.DocumentsagainstAcceptance（D/A）乘兑交单126.RevocableL/C127.RevocableL/C可撤销信用证128.Confirmed保兑129.ReciprocalCredit对开信用证130.BacktoBackL/C对背信用证131.Stand-byL/C备用信用证132.InspectionCertificate检验证明书133.QualityCertificate品质证明书134.CertificateofAnalysis分析证明书135.WeightCertificate重量证明书136.SanitaryCertificate卫生证明书137.VeterinaryCertificate兽医证明书138.PlantQuarantineCertificate植物检疫证明书139.Inquiry询盘140.Offer发盘141.Counteroffer还盘142.firmcounter-offer还实盘143.Acceptance接受144.BillofExchange，Draft汇票145.Invoice发票mercialInvoice商业发票147.CashDiscount现金折扣148.TradeDiscount贸易折扣149.OptionalCharges选港费150.PortCongestionCharges港口拥挤费151.CertifiedInvoice证实发票152.ReceiptofInvoice收妥发票153.Manufacturer'sInvoice厂商发票154.BillofLading提单155.Consignee提单的收货人156.FreightPrepaid运费已付157.FreighttoCollect运费到付158.InsurancePolicy保险单159.CertificateofOrigin产地证明书160.GeneralizedSystemofPreferencesDocuments普绘制单据161.GSPCertificateoforiginFormA表格A产地证162.CertificateofOriginofTextileProducts纺织品产地证163.ExportLicenceofTextileProducts纺织品出口许可证164.CertificateinregardtoHandlooms,TextileHandcraftsandTraditionalTextileProduc tsoftheCottageIndustry手工制纺织品产地证165.SpunSilkHaboiai绢丝纺166.ShipmentCertificateofTextileProducts纺织品装船证明167.PackingListandWeightMemo装箱单和重量单168.BreachofContract违约169.BreachofCondition违反要件170.BreachofWarranty违反担保171.InnominateTerm无名条款172.MinorBreachofConntract轻微的违约173.MaterialBreachofContract重大的违约174.FundamentalBreachofContract根本性违约175.Non——fundamentalBreachofContract非根本性违约176.Remedies救济方法177.NorminalDamages损害赔偿178.Delivery交货179.Don—delivery不交货180.AcceptanceofGoods接受货物181.ReceiptofGoods收下货物182.Insolvency无力偿付183.Lien留置权184.StoppageinTransit停运权185.theRighttoReselltheGoods转售货物的权利186.WithholdDeliveryoftheGoods扣交货物187.StopDeliveryoftheGoods停止运交货物188.TheHarmonizedCommodityDescriptionandCodingSystem（HS）《商品名称及编码协调制度》189.dateofshipment转船日期，出运口岸190.invoiceno.发票编号191.portofshipment起运地192.portofdestination目的地,到达地193.dateofshipment装船日期,出运口岸moditycode商品编码195.description品名196.quantity数量197.unitprice单价198.totalamount总价weight净重200.grossweight毛重201.measurement尺码202.salescontractno.售货合同编号203.packinglist装箱单204.packageno.包装箱号码205.totalpackages包装总数206.caseno.箱号207.specification规格209.countryoforigin生产国别,原产国210.contractofpurchase定购合同211.salesconfirmation销售确认书212.shipper托运人213.billoflading提单214.consignee收货人215.portofdischarge卸货港216.numberofpackages件数217.surfacetransportcharge地面运输费218.airfreightcharge航空运费219.actualweight实际重量220.chargeableweight计费重量221.airportofdeparture始发站222.airportofdestination目的站223.waybill运单224.airwaybill航空运单225.dateofarrival到达日期226.termsoftrade贸易方式227.importer进口商228.exporter出口商229.termofforeignexchange外汇来源230.countrywhenceconsigned进口国家231.importlicense进口许可证232.validityofimportlicense进口许可证有效期233.exportlicense出口许可证234.meansoftransport运输工具235.consignor发货人寄售人236.placeoforigin产地237.portofdispatch发货口岸238.typeofgoods货物类型239.partialshipment分批装运240.acceptingbank乘兑银行241.acceptinghouse乘兑行242.advaloremduty从价税243.advaloremfreight从价运费244.actualtare实际皮重245.additionalorder追加订单246.adviceofshipment装运通知,装船通知247.airbilloflading空运提单248.airfreight空运费249.amendmentofcontract修改合同250.applicantforthecredit申请开证人251.atsight见票即付252.averageclause海损条款253.bankdraft银行条款254.bartertrade易货贸易255.bearer持票人256.billdrawnpayableatacertaintimeaftersight见票若干日付款的汇票257.billdrawnpayableatsight见票即付的汇票258.billdrawntoorder指定式汇票259.bookinglist订仓清单,装货订舱表260.brokenspace空仓费261.cancelanorder撤销订单262.cancelanoffer撤销发盘263.cargohold货舱264.cargoin bulk散装货265.cargoinsurance货物运输保险266.cashagainstbilloflading凭提单付现267.cashagainstdelivery交货付款268.certificateofquality货物品质证书269.cashagainstshippingdocuments凭单付现270.cashanddelivery付款交货,货到付款271.certificateofquantity货物数量证明书272.checkpayabletobearer不记名支票273.collectionoftheinstrument票据托收274.collectionondocuments跟单托收275.conditionsofcarriage货运条件276.confirmedcredit保兑信用证277.consigneesaddress收货人地址278.confirmingbank保兑银行279.confirminghouse保付商行280.confirmingorder确认书281.consignmentcontract寄售合同282.consignmentagent寄售代理人283.consignmentinvoice寄售发票284.consignmentnote发货通知书285.consignmentsales寄售286.consularinvoice领事签证发票,领事发票287.container集装箱288.container-carryingvessel集装箱船289.containerdepot集装箱装卸站290.contractforthedeliveryofgoodsbyinstallments分批交货的买卖合同291.contractforthepaymentofgoodsbyinstallments分期付款的买卖合同292.contractprice合同(规定的)价格293.cost,insuranceandfreight(C.I.F)成本,保险加运费(价)到岸价294.creditguarantee信贷保证295.customarypacking习惯包装296.customsdrawback海关退税297.customsduty关税298.customsdutyrate关税税率299.customsentry海关进口手续300.customshouse海关301.customsformalities海关手续302.customsfreedepot海关免税仓库303.customsimporttariff海关进口税则304.customsinvoice海关发票305.customsquota关税配额306.customsvaluation海关估价307.dateofdelivery交货日期308.dateofacceptance承兑日期309.deliveryalongsidethevessel船边交货310.cleanbilloflading清洁提单311.dirtybilloflading不清洁提单312.dischargingport卸货港口313.documentsagainstacceptance(D/A)承兑交单314.documentsagainstpayment(D/P)付款交单315.documentsagainstpaymentaftersight(date)远期付款交单316.documentaryacceptance跟单承兑317.documentarybill跟单票据318.documentarycollection跟单托收319.documentarycredit跟单信用证320.documentarydraft跟单汇票321.entryforwarehousing存仓报单322.entryofgoodsinward申报进口323.entryofgoodsoutward申报出口324.exportagent出口代理325.exportbilloflading出口提单326.exportcontrol出口管制327.exportcredit出口信贷328.exportduty出口税329.exportquota出口配额330.exportsusidy出口补贴331.exportdocuments出口单据332.export-processingfreezones加工出口自由(关税)区333.exportpermit出口许可证334.freightbill运费单335.freightcharges运费336.freightrates运费率337.freighttariff运费表338.generalagency总代理339.generalagent总代理人340.generalaverage共同海损341.taxholidays免税期342.immediatedelivery立即交货343.immediatepacking立即包装344.immediatepayment立即支付345.immediateshipment立即装运346.importcontrol进口管制347.importentry进口报关单348.importduty进口税349.importsubstitution进口替代350.importdeposit进口保证金351.importquota进口配额352.importsurcharge进口附加费,进口附加税353.insuranceconditions保险条件354.insurancedocuments保险单据355.instrumentofpayment支付手段356.insurancepolicy保险单ndedprice卸岸价格ndedterms目的港岸上交货价ndedweight到岸重量360.letterofguarantee(L/G)保证书,保函361.letterofcredit(L/C)信用证362.oceanmarinebillofleading海运提货dbilloflading记名提单364.negotiableletterofcredit可转让信用证365.offer报价,报盘366.proformainvoice形式发票367.quotaperiods配额期368.quotaquantities配额数量369.shut-outcargo退关货370.sightletterofcredit即期信用证371.short-landing短卸372.short-landingcertificate短卸证明书373.surveyreportonquality品质鉴定证明书374.surveyreportonweight重量鉴定证明书375.transshipmentgoods转运货物376.transitgoods过境货物377.freeonboard(FOB)船上交货(价)378.freecarrier(FCA)货交承运人(价)379.costinsuranceandfreight(CIF)成本,保险加运费(价)380.promptshipment即刻装运381.irrevocablecredit不可撤销的信用证贸易例句(382-481)382.Excuseme,areyouMr.PierrefromParis?请问,您是从巴黎来的皮埃尔先生吗？383.IworkintheChinaNationalMachineryImportandExportCorporation.我在中国机械进出口总公司工作。

Abberbation 缩写；缩略Ablative case 夺格（即第五个或工具格）Absolute synonym 绝对同义词Accusative case 直接宾格Acronym 首字母缩略词Aderbial clause of concession 让步状语从句Affix 词缀Affixation 词缀法Alien 外国词Alliteration 头韵Alphabetical order 字母表顺序Amelioration 进化Analogy 类比Analytic language 分析性语言Anthropomorphic 拟人化的Antonym 反义词Antonymy 翻译关系Approach to 方法Archaism 古词Arbitrary 任意的Argot 黑话Autosemantic 词本身有独立意义的Base 词基Back-formation 逆成法Bilingual 双语的Blend 拼缀词Blending 拼缀法Borrowed word 借词Borrowing 借词Bound morpheme 粘着形位Briton 布立吞人Capitalization 大写Case 格Classical element 古典成分Clipping 缩短法Collocability 词的搭配能力Collocation 词的搭配Colloquialism 口语词Colloquial style 口语语体Combining form 构词成分Complementaries 互补性反义词Complex word 复合词Compound 合成词Compound word 合成词Compounding 合成法Concatenation 连锁型语义演变过程Conjugation 动词变位Connotative meaning 内含意义Context 语境Contraries 相对性反义词Conventional 约定俗成的Converging sound-development 语音发展的一致性Conversion 转类法Conversives 换位性反义词Cosmopolitan character 国际性Dative case 与格（第三格）De-adjectival 由形容词转变而来的Declension 名词、形容词等的变格Degradation of meaning 意义的降格Denizen 外来词Denominal nouns :abstract 纯名词表示抽象意义Denominal nouns :concrete 纯名词表示具体意义Denotative meaning 外延意义Derivative antonym 派生反义词Deterioration 退化Deverbal noun 由动词派生的名词Diachronic approach 历时分析法Diachronic dictionary 历史语言学词典Diachrony 历时分析Dialect 方言Double genitive case 双生格Doublets 两词一组的同义词Elevation of meaning 意义的升格Encyclopaedic dictionary 百科全书词典Entry 词条Etymology 词源学Euphemism 委婉语Euphony 语音的和谐悦耳Existing word 现行的词Exocentric word 离心结构合成词Extension of meaning 意义的扩大Figure of speech 修饰手段Figurative use 比喻用法Foreign element 外来语成分Formal word 书面词Form-word 虚词Free from 自由形式Free morpheme 自由形位Free phrase 自由词组French element 法语成分Full conversion 完全转类法Full word 实词Functional word 虚词Generalization 一般化Genitive case 生格（第二格）General dictionary 一般性词典Glossary 难词Headword 词目Homoform 同语法形式异义词Homograph 同形异音异义词Homonym 同音异义词；同形异义词；同音同形异义词Homonymy 同音、同形、同音同形异义词的研究Homophone 同音异形异义词Hybrid 混合词Hyponym 下意词Hyponymy 上下意关系Idiom 习语Idiomatic phrase 惯用语词组Imperative sentence 祈使句Indo-European family 印欧语系Inflected language 曲折性语言Informal word 口语词Jargon 行话Latin element 拉丁语成分Leveled inflections 曲折变化弱化Linguistic context 语言语境Literal use 字面用法Loan-word借词Locative case 位置格Locative prefix 表示地点的前缀Lost inflections 曲折变化消失Main stress 主重音Medium-sized dictionary 中型词典Metaphor隐喻Middle English 中古英语Miscellaneous prefix 混合型前缀Monosemy 一词单意Morpheme 形位Morphology 词法Motivation 理据Multilingual 用多种语言表达的；多语的Narrowing of meaning 意义的缩小Native element 本族语成分Native word 本族语词Negative prefix 表示否定的前缀Neo-classical 新古典主义的Neologism 新词New word 新词Nominative case 主格Nonce word 临时造的词Non-linguistic context 非语言语境Notional word 实词Number prefix 表示数目的前缀Obsolete word 费词Official language 官方语言Old English 古英语Onomatopoeia 象声词Open 分开写的Orthographic criterion 正字法标准Part of the speech 词类Partial conversion 部分转类法Pejorative prefix 表示贬义的前缀Pahatic communion 交际性谈话Phonetics 语音学Phonology 音位学Phraseological idiom 熟语Physiology 生理学Pocket dictionary 小型词典Polarity 对立性Polysemic character 一词多义性Polysemy 一词多义Popular 通俗的Possessive case 所有格Preciseness 精确性Prefix 前缀Prefixation 前缀法Private prefix 表示反义的前缀radiation 放射型的语义演变过程reduplicative compound 或者reduplicative(s )重叠合成词reference 语词所指涵义referent 语词所指事物relative synonym 相对同义词repetition 重复representative work 代表作reversative prefix表示反义的前缀rhyme 韵脚richness丰富性root 词根root antonym词根反义词Scandinavian element 斯堪的纳维亚语成分Secondary stress次重音Semantic borrowing(s)义借词Semantics语义学Semiotic triangle三角关系符号学理论Sense-shift语义转换Shade of meaning意义的（细微）差别Shortening缩短法(the)sign theory of Saussure索绪尔符号理论Signified（借助符号进行交际的）事物的概念或涵义Signifier代表事物的概念或涵义符号Simile明喻Slang俚语solid(合成词中两个词）连起来写的special dictionary专门性词典specialization 特殊化Spelling拼写Stem词干Stylistics文体学Suffix后缀Suffixation后缀法(the)superordinate (term)上义词Survival(s)(vestiges)保留下来的词Sychronic approach共时分析法Sychronic dictionary共时语言学词典Synchrony共时分析Synesthetic（产生）联觉的Synecdoche提喻法Synonym同义词Synonymy 同义关系Synsemantic 与其他词连用时才有意义的Teutonic language条顿（日耳曼）语言The Angles,Saxons and Jutes盎格鲁人撒克逊人，朱特人The Norman conquest 诺曼征服英国Translation-loans译借词Triplets三词一组的同义词Unabridged dictionary 大型（无任何删节的）词典Variety (语言的）变体Word-class 词类Word -formation word-building 构词法Word-forming ability 构词能力Word-stock词汇Working language 工作语言。

英语中机械加工常用术语抛光polishing安装to assemble扳手wrench半机械化semi-mechanization; semi-mechanized半自动滚刀磨床semi-automatic hob grinder半自动化semi-automation; semi-automatic备件spare parts边刨床side planer变速箱transmission gear柄轴arbor部件units; assembly parts插床slotting machine拆卸to disassemble超高速内圆磨床ultra-high-speed internal grinder车床lathe; turning lathe车刀lathe tool车轮车床car wheel lathe车削turning车轴axle衬套bushing 按英文字母排序3-Jaws indexing spacers 三爪、分割工具头A.T.C.system 加工中心机刀库Aluminum continuous melting holding furnaces 连续溶解保温炉Balancing equipment 平衡设备Bayonet 卡口Bearing fittings 轴承配件Bearing processing equipment 轴承加工机Bearings 轴承Belt drive 带传动Bending machines 弯曲机Blades 刀片Blades,saw 锯片Bolts,screws nuts 螺栓,螺帽及螺丝Boring heads 搪孔头Boring machines 镗床Cable making tools 造线机Casting,aluminium 铸铝Casting,copper 铸铜Casting,gray iron 铸灰口铁Casting,malleable iron 可锻铸铁Casting,other 其他铸造Casting,steel 铸钢Chain drive 链传动899Chain making tools 造链机Chamfer machines 倒角机Chucks 夹盘Clamping/holding systems 夹具/支持系统CNC bending presses 电脑数控弯折机CNC boring machines 电脑数控镗床CNC drilling machines 电脑数控钻床CNC EDM wire-cutting machines 电脑数控电火花线切削机CNC electric discharge machines 电脑数控电火花机CNC engraving machines 电脑数控雕刻机CNC grinding machines 电脑数控磨床CNC lathes 电脑数控车床CNC machine tool fittings 电脑数控机床配件CNC milling machines 电脑数控铣床CNC shearing machines 电脑数控剪切机CNC toolings CNC刀杆CNC wire-cutting machines 电脑数控线切削机Conveying chains 输送链Coolers 冷却机Coupling 联轴器Crimping tools 卷边工具Cutters 刀具Cutting-off machines 切断机Diamond cutters 钻石刀具Dicing saws 晶圆切割机Die casting dies 压铸冲模Die casting machines 压铸机Dies-progressive 连续冲模Disposable toolholder bits 舍弃式刀头Drawing machines 拔丝机Drilling machines 钻床Drilling machines bench 钻床工作台Drilling machines,high-speed 高速钻床Drilling machines,multi-spindle 多轴钻床Drilling machines,radial 摇臂钻床Drilling machines,vertical 立式钻床drills 钻头Electric discharge machines(EDM) 电火花机Electric power tools 电动刀具Engraving machines 雕刻机Engraving machines,laser 激光雕刻机Etching machines 蚀刻机Finishing machines 修整机Fixture 夹具900Forging dies 锻模Forging,aluminium 锻铝Forging,cold 冷锻Forging,copper 铜锻Forging,other 其他锻造Forging,steel 钢锻Foundry equipment 铸造设备Gear cutting machines 齿轮切削机Gears 齿轮Gravity casting machines 重力铸造机Grinder bench 磨床工作台Grinders,thread 螺纹磨床Grinders,tools & cutters 工具磨床Grinders,ultrasonic 超声波打磨机Grinding machines 磨床Grinding machines,centerless 无心磨床Grinding machines,cylindrical 外圆磨床Grinding machines,universal 万能磨床Grinding tools 磨削工具Grinding wheels 磨轮Hand tools 手工具Hard/soft and free expansion sheet making plant 硬(软)板(片)材及自由发泡板机组Heat preserving furnaces 保温炉Heating treatment funaces 熔热处理炉Honing machines 搪磨机Hydraulic components 液压元件Hydraulic power tools 液压工具Hydraulic power units 液压动力元件Hydraulic rotary cylinders 液压回转缸Jigs 钻模Lapping machines 精研机Lapping machines,centerless 无心精研机Laser cutting 激光切割Laser cutting for SMT stensil 激光钢板切割机Lathe bench 车床工作台Lathes,automatic 自动车床Lathes,heavy-duty 重型车床Lathes,high-speed 高速车床Lathes,turret 六角车床Lathes,vertical 立式车床Lubricants 润滑液Lubrication Systems 润滑系统Lubricators 注油机Machining centers,general 通用加工中心901Machining centers,horizontal 卧式加工中心Machining centers,horizontal & vertical 卧式及立式加工中心Machining centers,vertical 立式加工中心Machining centers,vertical double-column type 立式双柱加工中心Magnetic tools 磁性工具Manifolds 集合管Milling heads 铣头Milling machines 铣床Milling machines,bed type 床身式铣床Milling machines,duplicating 仿形铣床Milling machines,horizontal 卧式铣床Milling machines,turret vertical 六角立式铣床Milling machines,universal 万能铣床Milling machines,vertical 立式铣床Milling machines,vertical & horizontal 立式及卧式铣床Mold & die components 模具单元Mold changing systems 换模系统Mold core 模芯Mold heaters/chillers 模具加热器/冷却器Mold polishing/texturing 模具打磨/磨纹Mold repair 模具维修Molds 模具Nail making machines 造钉机Oil coolers 油冷却器Overflow cutting machines for aluminium wheels 铝轮冒口切断机P type PVC waterproof rolled sheet making plant P型PVC高分子防水PCB fine piecing systems 印刷电器板油压冲孔脱料系统Pipe & tube making machines 管筒制造机Planing machines 刨床Planing machines vertical 立式刨床Pneumatic hydraulic clamps 气油压虎钳Pneumatic power tools 气动工具Powder metallurgic forming machines 粉末冶金成型机Presses,cold forging 冷锻冲压机presses,crank 曲柄压力机Presses,eccentric 离心压力机Presses,forging 锻压机Presses,hydraulic 液压冲床Presses,knuckle joint 肘杆式压力机Presses,pneumatic 气动冲床Presses,servo 伺服冲床Presses,transfer 自动压力机Pressing dies 压模Punch formers 冲子研磨器902Quick die change systems 速换模系统Quick mold change systems 快速换模系统Reverberatory furnaces 反射炉Rollers 滚筒Rolling machines 辗压机Rotary tables 转台Sawing machines 锯床Sawing machines,band 带锯床Saws,band 带锯Saws,hack 弓锯Saws,horizontal band 卧式带锯Saws,vertical band 立式带锯shafts 轴Shapers 牛头刨床Shearing machines 剪切机Sheet metal forming machines 金属板成型机Sheet metal working machines 金属板加工机Slotting machines 插床spindles 主轴Stamping parts 冲压机Straightening machines 矫直机Switches & buttons 开关及按钮Tapping machines 攻螺丝机Transmitted chains 传动链Tube bending machines 弯管机Vertical hydraulic broaching machine 立式油压拉床Vises 虎钳Vises,tool-maker 精密平口钳Wheel dressers 砂轮修整器Woven-Cutting machines 织麦激光切割机Wrenches 扳手903。

英语语音教学术语中英文对照-CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN英语语音教学术语发音 pronunciation音（素/标） sound: as in English sounds音素 phoneme变体音 / 音位变体 allophone英语音标（符号）phonetic symbol(s) for English国际音标 international phonetic symbol(s) 整体拼读（语音体系） phonics读音规则 / 拼读规则 spelling rule(s) 或 pronunciation rule(s)发音 articulation发音方式 manner(s) of articulation发音部位 place(s) of articulation音节 syllable(s) 单音节（的） monosyllabic 多音节（的） polysyllabic开音节 open syllable(s) 闭音节 closed syllable(s)重读闭音节 stressed closed syllable(s) 或 accented closed syllable(s)（主）重音 primary stress次重音 secondary stress重音飘移 / 重音转移 stress shift重读音节 stressed syllable(s)非重读音节 non-stressed syllable(s)强音形式 strong form(s)弱读（音）形式 weak form(s)非重读央元音 schwa: as /ә/ in I was …; We can …元音（音素）vowel(s)半元音 semivowel(s)长/短元音 long/short vowel(s)单元音 monophthong(s)双元音 diphthong(s)弱读元音（弱化元音） weak vowel(s)辅音（音素）consonant(s)爆破音 plosive(s)摩擦音 fricative(s)破擦音 affricate(s)鼻（辅）音 nasal(s)舌边音 liquid(s)半元音 semivowel(s)成节音 syllabic consonant(s)辅音连缀 / 辅音连读 consonant cluster(s)连读 liaison R字母连读 R-liaison省音 elision同化assimilation连音 / 音渡 juncture: as ice cream vs. I scream爆破plosive 不完全爆破 incomplete plosive浊音（的）/ 浊化（的） voiced: voiced consonant(s)弱浊化（的） devoiced清音（的）/ 气流音 voiceless: voiceless consonant(s)语调 intonation 或 tone升调rising tone或 rising intonation 降调falling tone或falling intonation 降升调falling-rising tone或falling-rising intonation韵脚 / 韵律 / 音韵 rhyme 韵脚节拍rhythmic beat 音高pitch。

central processing unit 中央处理单元plug and play即插即用electronic commerce电子商务artificial intelligence人工智能URL（Uniform Resource Locator）网址software life cycle软件生命周期e-journal 电子期刊FAQ（Frequently Asked Question）常问问题network security 网络安全objective-oriented 以目标为导向Trojan horse 木马ink cartridge 墨盒object linking and embedding (OLE)对象链接和嵌入procedural language 程序语言Windows socket 窗口操作系统插座character set字集cost effectiveness成本效益run a computer program 运行的计算机程序event-driven programming 事件驱动编程scroll bar 滚动条analogue computer模拟计算机polymorphism多态性rotating shafts and gears 旋转轴和齿轮numerical approximation 数值逼近equation 方程middleware中间件integrated circuit 集成电路transistor 晶体管fabricate 编造scalability可扩展性silicon substrate 硅衬底throughput吞吐量operating instruction 操作指令microminiaturization 微型化superconductivity超导parser分析器convergence收敛Data Modification Language (DML)数据修改语言Distributed Component Object Model (DCOM)分布式组件对象模型electronic bulletin board电子公告板Random Access Memory (RAM)随机存取存储器assignment statement赋值语句relational database关系型数据库data access数据访问bootstrap sector引导扇区system expandability系统的可扩展性entity relationship diagram实体关系图permanent table永久表clustered index聚集索引synchronization同步file transfer protocol (FTP)文件传输协议load balancing负载均衡data encryption数据加密graphical user interface (GUI) 图形用户界面universal serial bus (USB)通用串行总线OSI(Open System Interconnection)开放系统互连virtual reality虚拟现实liquid crystal display (LCD) 液晶显示器database management system (DBMS)数据库管理系统development tool开发工具peer-to-peer network对等网络prototype原型赋值语句Assignment statement非易失性 Nonvolatile(NV)关系数据库Relational Database数据存取Data Access外围设备Peripheral Equipment系统可扩展性 System scalability多核处理器Multi-core processors实体关系图Entity Relationship Diagram(ERD)派生类 Derived class数据修改语言 Data Modification Language神经网络Neural Network永久（固定）表Permanent (fixed) Table簇索引Clustered index体系结构框架 Architecture Framework分布式组件对象模型 Distributed Component Object Model对象关系数据库Object-Relational Database电子公告板Electronic bulletin board随机存储器Random Access Memory(RAM)网络适配器 Network Adapter文件传输协议File Transfer Protocol(TCP)负载平衡Load Balancing嵌入式操作系统 Embedded operating system图形用户接口Graphical User Interface通用串行总线Universal Serial Bus(USB)Open Systems Interconnection Reference Model 开放式系统互联参考模型液晶显示器LCD display数字用户线路 Digital Subscriber Line(DSL)数据库管理系统Database Management Systems开发工具 Development Tools元数据 Metadata对等网络 Peer network谓词演算Predicate calculus。

英语词汇学术语翻译 Ting Bao was revised on January 6, 20021T e r m i n o l o g y T r a n s l a t i o n s o n l e x i c o l o g y英语词汇学术语翻译Aacronym 首字母拼音词acronymy 首字母拼音法addition 增词adjective compound 复合形容词affective meaning 感情意义affix 词缀affixation 词缀法Albanian 阿尔巴尼亚语（族）aliens 非同化词alliteration 头韵（法）allomorph 词素（形位）变体ambiguity 歧义amelioration of meamng 词义的升华analogy 类推analytic language 分析性语言antithsis 对偶antonym 反义词antonymy 反义关系appreciative term 褒义词archaic word 古词archaism 古词语argot 隐语（黑话）Armenian 亚美尼亚语（族）Associated transfer 联想转移association 联想associative meanings 关联意义Bback－formation 逆生法back clipping 词尾截短Balto－Slavic 波罗斯拉夫语（族）bilinguall 双语的basic word stock 基本词汇blend 拼缀词blending 拼缀法borrowed word 借词bound form粘着形式bound morpheme 粘着语素（形位）bound root 粘着词根Ccasual style 随便文体catchPhrase 时髦语Celtic 凯尔特语（族）central meaning 中心意义Clipping 截短法collocability 搭配能力collocation 搭配collocative meaning 搭配意义colloquialism 口语词（口语体）complete synonym 完全同义词complex word 复杂词composition 复合法compound 复合词compounding 复合法concatenation 连锁型concept 概念conceptual meaning 概念意义connotation 内涵connotative meanins 内涵意义constituent 要素．成分consultative style 交谈体（咨询体）content word 实义词context 语境contradictory term矛盾反义词contrary terms 对立反义词conversion 转类法couplet 成对词Dde－adjective 由形容词转化的de－adjectival 由形容词转化的degradation of meaning 词义的降格deletion 减词denizen 同化同denominal 由名词转化的denotation外延denotative meaning 外延意义derivation 派生法derivational affiX 派生词缀derivative 派生词derived meaning 派生意义derogatory sense 贬义desk dictionary 案头词典deverbal noun 由动词转化的名词deverbal suffix 加于动词的后缀diachronic approach 历时角度dialectal word 方言词discipline 学科dismembering 肢解distribution分布doublet 成对词duplication of synonyms 同义词并举Fformal 正式的free form 自由形式free morpheme 自由语素（形位）free root 自由词根frontclipping 首部截短front and back clipping 首尾部截短frozen style 拘谨体full conversion 完全转换functional shift 功能转换Ggeneralisation of meaning 词义的扩大Germanic 日耳曼语族grammatical meaning 语法意义gradable adjective 等级形容词grammatical context 语法语境grammatical feature 语法特征graphology 书写法；图解法HHellenic 希腊语族heterogeneous 多质的highly－inflected 高度屈折化的homograph 同形异义词homonym 同形同音异义词homonymy 同形同音异义关系homphone 同音异义词hyperonym 上义（位）词hyponym 下义（位）词hyponymy 上下义（位）关系Iidiom 习语idiomatic expression 习惯表达idiomaticity 习语程度Indo-European Language Family 印欧语系Indo-Iranian 印伊语族inflection 屈折变化inflectional affix 屈折词缀intensity of meaning 意义强度initialism 首字母缩略词intermediate member 中间成分intimate style 亲昵语体Italic 意大利语族Jj uxtaposition of antonyms反义词并置L1exical context 词汇语境lexical item 词汇项目lexicography 词典学lexicology 词汇学lexis 词汇linguistic context 语言语境literary 书面的loan word 借词lexical meaning 词汇意义Mmarked term有标记项metaphor 暗喻metonymy 换喻monolingual 单语的morph 形素monomorphemic 单语素的monosemic 单义的morpheme 词素（形位）morphological structure 形态结构morphology 形态学motivation 理据motivated 有理据的Nnative word 本族语词neoclassical 新古典词的neologism 新词语notional word 实义词Oobjective meaning 客观意义obsolete 废弃词onomatopoeic motivation 拟声理据Orthographic feature 拼写特征PPartial conversion 部分转化Pejoration 贬义化Perpect homonym 同形同音异义词phonetic feature 语音特征phono1ogical 音位学的phonology 音位学phrasal verb 短语动词phrase clipping 短语截短pocket dictionary 袖珍词典polysemic 多义的polysemous 多义的polysemant 多义词polysemantic 多义的polysemy 多义关系pormanteau word 拼级词positionshifting 移位prefix 前缀prefixation 前缀法primary meaning 原始意义productivity 多产性pun 双关语Rradiation 辐射range of meaning 词义范围reduplication 重叠referent 所指物reference 所指关系referential meaning 所指意义regional variety 地域变体register 语域reiteration（意义）重复。

五重奏quintet由五件乐器分奏五个声部的室内乐弦乐五重奏string quintet由两把小提琴、两把中提琴、一把大提琴（或一把中提琴、两把大提琴）演奏的室内乐钢琴五重奏piano quintet由四件弦乐器与钢琴演奏的室内乐歌剧opera综合音乐、诗歌、舞蹈等艺术而以歌唱为主的一种戏剧形式。

轻歌剧operetta题材轻松、内容抒情、结构短小的一种戏剧性歌剧音乐喜剧musical comedy融戏剧、歌舞、音乐于一体的一种音乐剧。

富于幽默情趣与戏剧色彩，音乐通俗易懂。

咏叹调aria西洋歌剧、清唱剧或康塔塔中的独唱曲宣叙调recitative一种用以代替对白的歌剧。

节奏自由，曲调接近与朗诵歌曲song由歌词和音乐相结合、以表达思想、抒发情感的一种声乐体裁。

艺术歌曲art song侧重表现人的内心世界，歌词多采用著名诗词，曲调表现力强的抒情歌曲声乐套曲song cycle以同一诗人的诗为歌词，由一组内容为同一主题，同一故事歌曲组成的音乐统一体民歌folksong民间口头流传的歌曲牧歌madrigal由14世纪意大利田园曲演变成的多声部声乐曲清唱剧oratorio神剧或圣剧，介于歌剧和康塔塔之间的多乐章大型声乐套曲康塔塔cantata多乐章的大型声乐套曲大合唱grand vocal cycle包括独唱、重唱、对唱、齐唱与合唱（有时穿插朗诵）的，通常由管弦乐队伴奏的多乐章的大型声乐套曲声部voice凡结合两行以上的旋律或两个以上的音同时进行的音乐，称多声部音乐，其中每一行旋律或构成和弦进行的每一条音的线条即为一个声部美声唱法bel canto意大利文为优美的歌唱，并兼有美丽的歌曲的含义女高音soprano女声音域中最高的声部次女高音mezzo soprano次于女高音的女声。

音域在女高音与女中音之间。

（有人将次女高音称为女中音）女中音alto或contralto女声最低的声部。

（有人将女中音称为女低音）抒情女高音Lyric soprano音色柔美、清丽的女高音花腔女高音coloratura soprano音色绚丽轻巧而富有弹性的女高音戏剧女高音dramaltic soprano音色壮实，浑厚有力的女高音男高音tenor最高的男声男中音bariton次于男高音的男声男低音bass次于男中音的男声抒情男高音Lyric tenor音色恬美柔和而富于歌唱性的男高音戏剧男高音dramatic tenor音色浓厚、壮实而饱满的富有英雄气慨的男高音童声child’s voice少年儿童在未变声以前的嗓音，音色与女声相似。