国际贸易单证保险单据

第⼆节　从Ｌ／Ｃ条款谈保单制作 实务中，Ｌ／Ｃ（信⽤证）条款对保单的要求各式各样，由于保单是被保险⼈进⾏索赔的主要依据，且⼜属于有价证券范畴，故缮制保单不可不慎，具体应注意以下⼏个问题： ⼀、有关保单的投保⼈、保险⼈／运输⼯具和运输路线问题 ⒈保单的投保⼈（或被保险⼈）和保险⼈必须符合信⽤证规定 投保⼈（或被保险⼈）是指办理货物运输保险的当事⼈，亦即与保险⼈签订保险合同并承担缴付保费义务者，⼀般为货物出险后有权获得赔偿的受益⼈。

在财产保险合同中，投保⼈与被保险⼈往往是同⼀⼈。

如来证⽆其它规定，保险单据的被保险⼈应是信⽤证上的受益⼈。

但有些来证也会规定以买⽅为被保险⼈，或规定保单抬头⼈为某某银⾏，甚⾄空⽩抬头，有的却规定提交中性单据。

⽽保险⼈（或称承保⼈）是承保货物运输险别的当事⼈，有权向投保⼈收取保费但必须承担保险合同约定的赔偿责任，⼀般为保险公司或其代理⼈。

在“ＣＩＦ”价格条款中，保险由我⽅出⼝公司办理，保险⼈为我⽅保险公司，⽽在“ＣＮＦ”或“ＦＯＢ”价格条款中，保险通常由买⽅办理，保险⼈则为其指定保险公司。

实务中，常见的关于保单的投保⼈（或被保险⼈）和保险⼈问题的有如下Ｌ／Ｃ条款： 例⑴：INSURANCE POLICY OR CERTIFICATE IN NEGOTIABLE FORM ISSUED TO OUR ORDER SHOWING CLAIM PAYABLE AT DESTINATION FOR THE FULL INVOICE VALUE PLUS 10% COVERING THE FOLLOWING RISKS: MARINE, WAR, MINES ALL RISKS INCLUDING MARINE WPA. WAR AND SRCC RISKS. THEFT PILFERAGE AND NON DELIVERY RISKS. FROM WAREHOUSE TO WAREHOUSE. 例⑵：POLICY OF INSURANCE ORDER DISCOUNT BANK (LATIN AMERICA), FOR 110.00 PERCENT CIF VALUE COVERING ALL RISKS: MARINE WAR, MINES TORPEDOS, FIRE THEFT, LARCENY, WPA FROM WAREHOUSE TO WAREHOUSE INCLUDING 60 DAYS AT MONTEVIDEO CUSTOMS HOUSE. 例⑶：INSURANCE POLICY IN DUPLICATE ISSUED TO THE ORDER OF APPLICANT FOR NOT LESS THAN 110% OF CIF INVOICE VALUE COVERING GOODS FROM WAREHOUSE TO WAREHOUSE MARKED CLAIMS PAYABLE IN TURKEY AND INDICATING NAME AND ADDRESS OF INSURANCE CO'S AGENTS IN TURKEY COVERING I.C.C. (A) INSTITUTE STRIKE CLAUSES (CARGO) AND INSTITUTE WAR CLAUSES (CARGO). 例⑷：2 ORIGINAL(S) OF INSURANCE POLICY AND CERTIFICATE MADE OUT TO ORDER AND BLANK ENDORSED, FOR 110 PERCENT OF THE TOTAL CIF- VALUE COVERING ALL RISKS AND WAR RISKS. 例⑸：INSURANCE COVERED IN BANGLADESH, CERTIFICATION OF SHIPMENT TO BE SENT DIRECT TO FEDERAL INSURANCE CO., LTD. IMAMGANJ BR. DHAKA AND TO THE OPENERS IMMEDIATELY AFTER SHIPMENT QUOTING COVER NOTE NO. EIC/IMA/MC-1700/08/99 AND THIS CREDIT NUMBER. 例⑹：INSURANCE COVERED BY OPENERS. ALL SHIPMENTS UNDER THIS CREDIT MUST BE ADVISED BY YOU IMMEDIATELY AFTER SHIPMENT DIRECT TO M/S. QATAR INSURANCE CO., PO BOX. NO. 4066, DUBAI/ U.A.E. AND TO THE OPENERS REFERRING TO THEIR OPEN POLICY NO.40 GIVING FULL DETAIL OF SHIPMENTS. 在例⑴⾄例⑷中，均提及到保单的投保⼈（或被保险⼈），但例⑴的被保险⼈是以开证⾏为抬头（“ＴＯ　ＯＵＲ　ＯＲＤＥＲ”），例⑵是以某指定银⾏为抬头，例⑶是以申请⼈为抬头，例⑷是空⽩抬头，这是进⼝商或开证⾏为保障货物出险后掌握索赔主动权⽽作的规定。

【文档模板范本】第八章国际贸易单证保险单据一、前言本文档旨在介绍国际贸易中所涉及的单证保险单据，包括但不限于以下内容：（列举具体内容）。

二、保险单据概述在国际贸易中，保险单据是为了规避贸易风险而必要的。

通常情况下，出口商会购买货物运输保险，以确保在货物运输期间发生的任何损失都得到赔偿。

保险单据包括但不限于以下几种类型：（列举具体的保险单据类型及其作用）。

三、保险单据流程在国际贸易中，保险单据的使用流程如下：1. 买方与卖方签订合同，约定交货条件和保险条款。

2. 出口商根据合同约定购买货物运输保险。

3. 出口商向保险公司提供有关单据，以获得货物运输保险。

4. 保险公司根据保险单据对货物进行投保，并承担货物在运输过程中所发生的损失。

5. 在货物运抵目的地后，买方对货物进行验收。

6. 如有质量、数量或者其他问题，买方可根据保险单据向保险公司提出索赔。

四、补充条款在实际操作中，还需要注意以下补充条款：1. 运输保险行业标准：（列举相关的行业标准）。

2. 保险公司选择：应优先选择信誉良好、经验丰富的保险公司。

3. 商品险种：不同的商品对应不同的保险险种，要根据商品的特殊性选择合适的保险险种。

4. 保险金额：应根据货物的价值和数量选择适当的保险金额。

5. 情况说明：在保险单据中，应详细说明保险事故的情况和原因。

五、总结1、列举本文档所涉及简要注释如下：- 保险单据：是指在国际贸易中用于规避贸易风险而必要的单据。

- 货物运输保险：是指出口商为其所售货物购买的一种保险，以保障货物在运输过程中所发生的任何损失都得到赔偿。

- 索赔：是指在货物受损或者丢失时，买方根据保险单据向保险公司提出的要求赔偿损失的一种程序。

2、列举如下本文档所涉及的法律名词及注释：- 《保险法》：是中华人民共和国制定的保险业专门法律，旨在规范和保护保险市场，保障消费者利益。

国际贸易单证保险单据1.保险单据的目的保险单据是贸易过程中的重要文件，用于保障贸易双方的权益以及降低贸易风险。

通过保险单据，买卖双方可以确保货物在运输中的安全，并在发生意外情况时得到赔偿。

2.保险单据的种类2.1 装运保险单据：用于货物装运时的保险，包括出口装运保险单据和进口装运保险单据。

2.2 运输保险单据：用于货物运输过程中的保险，包括陆运保险单据、海洋运输保险单据和航空运输保险单据。

3.装运保险单据3.1 出口装运保险单据出口装运保险单据通常由出口商或出口代理人填写，包括以下内容：●出口商及买方信息：包括名称、地质、等。

●货物信息：包括货物名称、数量、单价、总价值等。

●运输方式及目的地：包括运输方式（海运、空运、陆运）、船名（或航班号）、目的地等。

●保险费及保额：包括保险费用和保险金额。

●保险要求及条款：包括保险责任、保险期限、免赔额等。

3.2 进口装运保险单据进口装运保险单据通常由进口商或进口代理人填写，内容与出口装运保险单据类似，包括以下内容：●进口商及卖方信息：包括名称、地质、等。

●货物信息：包括货物名称、数量、单价、总价值等。

●运输方式及起运地：包括运输方式（海运、空运、陆运）、船名（或航班号）、起运地等。

●保险费及保额：包括保险费用和保险金额。

●保险要求及条款：包括保险责任、保险期限、免赔额等。

4.运输保险单据4.1 陆运保险单据陆运保险单据通常由承运人或货物所有权人填写，包括以下内容：●承运人及货物所有权人信息：包括名称、地质、等。

●货物信息：包括货物名称、数量、单价、总价值等。

●运输方式及目的地：包括运输方式（公路运输、铁路运输）、目的地等。

●保险费及保额：包括保险费用和保险金额。

●保险要求及条款：包括保险责任、保险期限、免赔额等。

4.2 海洋运输保险单据海洋运输保险单据通常由船东或货物所有权人填写，内容与陆运保险单据类似，包括以下内容：●船东及货物所有权人信息：包括名称、地质、等。

Chapter1: Introduction to Trade Documentation(国际贸易单证简介)1.Definition of document: A document is an official paper that serves as “proof” or “evidence”of something.1）Different roles of different documents★Proof of ownership of shipment (B/L )★Evidence of particulars of sale (Invoice )★Evidence of country of origin of goods ( Certificate of origin )★Evidence of insurance coverage ( Insurance polic)★Reassurance of the quality or quantity of goods in shipment ( Inspection certificate ) 2）Nature of Documents（1）Financial documents金融单据——Bill of exchange 汇票——Promissory note 本票——Check 支票（2）商业单据（commercial documents）——Invoice 发票——Transport/shipping documents 运输单证——Insurance policy 保险单证——Packing list 装箱单证——The others 其他2.The differences among the Document, Documents and Documentary.Document means an individual document or form(个别的单证或表格)Documents means package document(一揽子单证)Documentary means that document from the basis for concluding some agreed upon action or requirement between the parties to a transaction（单证是各方当事人完成某特定交易的基础单证的、跟单的）3. Issues Concerning Trade Documents(国际贸易单证的有关问题)2）The nature of Goods traded：Regulated goods fall into a number of categories:Restricted goods （禁止类商品）Prohibited goods （限制类商品）Strategic goods （战略性产品）Quotas goods (配额产品)3）Some principles for making documents①Consistency among documents②No ambiguity●Avoid the ambiguity of issuers in documents●Avoid the ambiguity of authentication of documents⏹The importer/buyer may state that a document be “certified” , “notarized ” or“endorsed”.⏹Eg. The inspection certificate of this cargos should be notarized.⏹Eg. The B/L should be endorsed③Definitely right (document date)4.Categories of Documents Used in International Trade（国际贸易单证种类）1）Transaction Documents(交易单证)The letter of inquire/inquiry sheet(询价单)/request for proposal (RFP)（征求建议书）Request for quotation (RFQ) （报价需求/采购直达）: A letter written by the buyer asking the seller to submit a formal price quotation for a specified product and quantity.proposal（建议、提案）Letter of intent（合作意向书）Purchase order/purchase contract（订购单/采购订单）/ contract of sales(销售合同)Pro forma invoice （形式发票）: A (preliminary 初步的) invoice issued by the exporter at the importer’s request before an order is placed or before the goods all the details and the cost of the goodsCommercial invoice（商业发票）: The prime transaction document.2）Transport(Shipping) Documents (运输单证)Shipping Advice (装运通知)：It’sPacking List (装箱单)：A document prepared by the shipper listing the kinds and quantities of merchandise in a particular shipment.Shipping by consignor and gives specific字样：“Shipped on Board”“Landed on Board”“On Board”表示已装船Forwarder’s Instruction (货运代理指示): It’s issued by consignor and gives specific and formalStowage Instruction (配载指示): There are specific instructions given by the consignor in a letteror on a shipping line or freight forwarder’s pre-Hazardous Materials Instructions/Declaration (危险货物说明):A substance or product that iscapable of posing a risk to health, safety or property when transported in commerce. Hazards are classified as “Other Regulated Materials” (ORM-A through ORM-E) and include irritating(刺激性的)，corrosive(腐蚀性的), caustic(腐蚀性的), flammable(易燃的), radioactive(放射性的), and other life or health threatening materials.Dock Receipt （码头收据）：A receipt issued by a port officer（港务局）or warehouse supervisor （货仓负责人）certifying that a shipment of goods has been received from the domestic carrier or consignor（发货人、委托人）and that accountability (受托责任、有义务、可说明性) for the goods has transferred to the named transport company.Mate’s Receipt （大副收据）：A document issued by the captain or mate of a vessel as a receipt for goods shipped. If the captain or mate sees a discrepancy (不符、矛盾) in number of units received or damage to a package, it will be noted on the receipt ( “claused ”清洁但有批注的or “unclean” 不清洁receipt).by ship’s captain (or master) and“Acts of God”,catastrophic natural events自然灾害, piracy海盗, mutiny反叛暴动, collisions碰撞).Delivery Order (提货单)Types of Bill of Lading Defined(提单的种类)Bill of Lading (海运提单): The key transport document that identify the consignor, the consignee, the carrier, the mode of transport and other facts about the shipment (issued by the shipping line or carrier of the goods).Seaway/Marine Bill (海运单): A transport document covering port-to-port shipments of goods (for carriage of goods solely by sea).Airway Bill (航空运单): A non-negotiable transport document covering transport of cargo by air from airport to airport.Railway Bill (铁路运单): A transport document covering transport of cargo from named points via truck, rail or barge airport.Multi-modal Bill of Lading (多式联运提单): A bill of lading covering a shipment by two or more modes of transport.Straight Bill of Lading (记名提单，不可转让)Shipper’s Order (凭托运人指示的提单，可转让)Blank Endorsed Negotiable Bill of Lading (空白背书的可转让提单，可议付的)Courier Receipt (快递收据): A document issued by a courier (快递员) or expedited delivery service（加快送货服务）evidencing receipt of goods for delivery to a named consignee.Post Receipt (邮政收据)：A document issued by the postal service of a country evidencing receipt of goods for delivery to a named consignee.Clean Bill of Lading (清洁提单)Claused Bill of Lading (不清洁提单，有批注的提单)3）Export Documents (出口单证)Commercial invoice（商业发票）: The prime transaction document (issued by exporter/seller) Bill of Lading (海运提单): The key transport document that identify the consignor, the consignee, the carrier, the mode of transport and other facts about the shipment (issued by the shipping line or carrier of the goods).Export Declaration (出口报关单): The formal statement by the exporter to the export authority identifying the seller, the buyer, goods shipped, date of insurance, country of origin and country of final destination, quantity and description of the goods, and other shipping details. (issued by the exporter)Packing List (装箱单)：A document prepared by the shipper listing the kinds and quantities of merchandise in a particular shipment. (issued by the exporter)Certificate of Origin(原产地证明)（C/O , COO）: This document declares the country of origin of the goods shipped.Insurance Document(保险单证)：This document provides proof of insurance for the shipment.4)Import Document(进口单证)Import Declaration (进口报关单)The same: Commercial invoice; Bill of Lading; Packing List; Certificate of Origin; Insurance Document.5)Banking Documents(银行单证)2)Rules to make draft:Bill of exchange (汇票) short form: B/EUsual practice, it is in duplicate, and in the first copy always says:( Second being unpaid付一不付二); in the Second copy, it says:(first being unpaid 付二不付一). There is no any difference between first and second copy from the perspective of law. They have the same legal force.3）Time/ Usance draft:有四种填写情况(1)见票后××天付款，填上“at ××days after sight”，即以付款人见票承兑日为起算日，××天后到期付款。

第八章国际贸易单证保险单据第八章：国际贸易单证保险单据1. 引言在国际贸易中，一份完整的贸易单证是非常重要的，它用于确保交易双方之间的权益和义务。

其中，保险单据在国际贸易中起着至关重要的作用，它提供了保险公司对货物、运输和其他相关风险的保障。

本章将重点讨论国际贸易中的保险单据，并对其内容和重要性进行详细介绍。

2. 保险单据的种类国际贸易中有许多种类型的保险单据，主要包括以下几类：装运保险单（Marine Insurance Policy）：用于保障货物在海上运输中的损失或损害。

空运保险单（r Cargo Insurance Policy）：针对货物通过空运方式进行保险。

陆运保险单（Land Transportation Insurance Policy）：主要用于保险货物在陆路运输中的损失或损害。

综合保险单（Comprehensive Insurance Policy）：综合性的保险单据，覆盖海运、空运和陆运等多种运输方式。

3. 保险单据的内容要素在国际贸易中，保险单据通常应包含以下内容要素：投保人信息（Insured）：投保人的名称、地质和。

受益人信息（Beneficiary）：指定受益人的名称、地质和。

货物信息（Goods）：包括货物的名称、数量、价值等相关信息。

保险金额（Insurance Amount）：对应保险金额的数值。

保险费（Premium）：对应保险费用的数值。

保险起止日期（Effective Dates）：保险开始和结束的日期。

赔付条款（Indemnity Clause）：定义了保险公司的赔偿条件和责任范围。

装运条款（Shipment Clause）：规定了货物装运的起始地和目的地，以及运输方式。

保险单据编号（Policy Number）：保险公司为每份保险单据分配的唯一编号。

4. 保险单据的重要性保险单据在国际贸易中扮演着重要角色，具有以下重要性：4.1. 保障货物安全保险单据可以为贸易双方提供保障，确保货物在运输过程中的安全。