简单句、并列句和复合句[1]

句子结构和成分句子分类句子按结构可分为简单句、并列句和复合句;考点1. 简单句只有一个主语或并列主语和一个谓语或并列谓语;如：He often reads English in the morning.Tom and Mike are American boys.She likes drawing and often draws pictures for the wall newspapers.画线部分为并列谓语,只有一个主语,仍为简单句;改错：It not only costs little money but also comfortable.考点2. 并列句改错：①. He likes English, his English is very good. ×②. His wife was ill, he had to stay at home. ×当一个句子中含有两个简单句时,就要考虑两个简单句的连接问题了;直接用逗号连接两个简单句是错误的;这时我们可以用and, but, or等并列连词来连接这两个句子；也可以用分号;来连接;此时,这两个简单句此时也可称作分句之间是并列关系,不能说一个分句作了另一个分句的什么成分;用并列连词或分号连接起来的句子是并列句;上两句可以改为：①. He likes English；his English is very good. 用分号连接②. He likes English, so/and his English is very good.③. His wife was ill; he had to stay at home. 用分号连接④. His wife was ill, so/and he had to stay at home.考点3. 复合句A.用从属连词连接的句子是复合句;还先看上面的两个错句：①. He likes English, his English is very good. ×②. His wife was ill, he had to stay at home. ×我们还可以用从属连词来连接;这两句话可改为：①. Because he likes English, his English is very good.②. When he likes English, his English is very good.③. Because his wife was ill, he had to stay at home.④. When his wife was ill, he had to stay at home.先看第一个句子;当用because连接时,译为“因为他喜欢英语,所以他的英语非常好”;主要说的是“他的英语非常好”,“他喜欢英语”是他英语好的原因;因此：“his English is very good”是主句,“because he likes English”是原因状语从句;当用when连接时,译为“当他喜欢英语时,他的英语非常好”; 主要说的是“他的英语非常好”,“他喜欢英语”是他英语好的时间;因此,“his English is very good”是主句,“when he likes English”是时间状语从句;同理,句②修改后,前面分别为原因状语从句和时间状语从句,后面是主句;像上面这样,用从属连词连接两个简单句之后,一个句子是主要的主句,另外一个句子从句是说明主要句子发生的时间、原因、条件等,这样构成的句子称为复合句;B.当简单句的一个成分从词或词组变为句子时,整个句子就成为复合句了;从词或词组升级后的句子是从句,除从句以外的是主句,整个句子是复合句;①T he boy over there is my brother. 只有一个主谓结构,是简单句;②T he boy who is wearing a hat is my brother.③当over there变为 who is wearing a hat时,句子就含有两个主谓结构,一个是The boyis my brother,是主句；who is wearing a hat是the boy的定语,称为定语从句;who 既作从句成分,又起着从属连词的作用;④I was doing my homework at six. 只有一个主谓结构,是简单句;⑤I was doing my homework when he came in.⑥I was doing my homework是一个主谓结构,he came in也是一个主谓结构;后面一个主谓结构作前一个的时间状语,是时间状语从句;因此本句是复合句,when是从属连词;⑦It is wrong. 只有一个主谓结构,是简单句;⑧What he said is wrong.⑨what he said,是一个主谓结构;What he said is wrong. 是另外一个主谓结构,What hesaid作主语, is wrong系表结构作谓语,因此,本句是复合句;What he said是主语从句；what既作从句成分又起着从属连词的作用从上面这几个句子,我们可以看出：C.一个句子如果含有从句,如名词性从句主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句、定语从句和状语从句等,这个句子就是复合句;练习1. 判断下列句子是简单句、并列句还是复合句;1.We often study Chinese history on Friday afternoon.2.The boy who offered me his seat is called Tom.3.There is a chair in this room, isn’t there4.My brother and I go to school at half past seven in the morning and come backhome at seven in the evening.5.He is in Class One and I am in Class Two.6.He was fond of drawing when he was yet a child.7.Neither has he changed his mind, nor will he do so.8.What he said at the meeting is very important, isn’t it9.The farmer is showing the boy how to plant a tree.10.Both Tom and Jack enjoy country music.11.Right now it is the summer vacation and I’m helping my Dad on the farm.12.It is the time of year for the rice harvest, so every day I work from dawnuntil dark.13.Sometimes we go on working after dark by the lights of our tractors.14.We grow rice in the south of the States, but in the north where it is colderthey grow wheat.15.Although the farm is large, my Dad has only two men working for him.考点4. 引导的是什么从句,不仅要根据连词,还要根据句子结构和句意来判别练习2. 说出下列复合句中,where引导的是什么从句;1.You can find it where you left it.2.Tell me the address where he lives.3.I don’t know where he comes from.4.Where he was born is not known yet.5.This place is where they once lived.考点5. 一个句子有两个主谓结构时,要考虑它们之间的连接问题直接用逗号连接的两个简单句是错误的;一个句子如果出现两个主谓结构,那它就不是简单句了,要么是并列句,要么是复合句;这时我们就要考虑连接词的问题;这时,我们有三种方法来改正这个错句：A.改为并列句：我们可以使用and, so, but等并列连词来把它们连接起来；或者把逗号改为分号;B.改为复合句：加上从属连词,把其中的一个分句改为状语从句、定语从句或名词性从句;C.改为简单句：把其中的一个主谓结构的谓语破坏掉,从而使其变成独立主格结构;I like English, my English is very good. ×可以改为：并列句：I like English and my English is very good.I like English, so my English is very good.I like English; my English is very good.复合句：As/Because I like English, my English is very good.含有原因状语从句的复合句When I like English, my English is very good.含有时间状语从句的复合句简单句：I liking English, my English is very good.把一个分句改为独立主格结构再如：I have a house, its windows are very big. ×可以改为：并列句：I have a house and/but its windows are very big.I have a house; its windows are very big.复合句：I have a house, whose windows are very big.含有定语从句的复合句考点6. 两个分句一般只用一个连词用了“因为because, as, since等”不用“所以so”；用了“虽然although, though”不用“但是but”;改错：Because I like English, so I am good at it.Although he is not intelligent, but he does well in all his subjects.I.单句改错A.注意分句连接1.2014新课标Ⅰ Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same place yearafter year, but we have never had any disease or insect attack problems.2.2005天津As she gave it to me, when the phone rang and she went to answer it.3.2006全国ⅠThey did not want breakfast because that they were going out earlyin the morning.4.2004全国ⅡBut I have spent most my money, so I cannot even go out of town. 不要受心理定势影响5.2013 辽宁With little sleep and hardly any break, so he works from morning tillnight.6.2013 新课标ⅠHe had a deep voice, which set him apart from others in our smalltown, he was strong and powerful.7.2009陕西Some friends of his go to see him everyday, they take him lots of goodbooks and fresh fruit.8.My name is Zhang Hong, and 20 years old.B.注意并列成分9.2014大纲卷The understanding between two friends means both of them have similarideas and trusting each other.10.2014新课标ⅡWe can lie on the grass for a rest, or sat by the lake listeningto music.11.2005湖北In other words, they help to keep people strong and feel good.12.2009重庆However, every kind of Chinese food is worth trying, because eachhas a delicious taste and good for health.13.I didn’t communicate with others in English and not willing to practiceit either.14.2012全国大纲ⅠFor example, how many times have you walked out of a roomand leave the lights or television on when no one else was there15.16.17.2008浙江I headed for the company, feeling sure I would easily finish 300envelops in five hours and to earn the money.18.2015课标ⅡA woman saw him crying and telling him to wait outside a shop. II.语法填空每空至多填三词由高考真题中改错题改编19.2004天津At weekends, we would play basketball, ______游泳 in the pool orgo for a picnic.20.21.2004全国ⅡI am thinking of making a trip to London, and ______visittheBritish Museum and some parks.22.2004湖南Then, I put my book under my desk, ______ open it and startedlooking for the answers.23.2004福建She stopped to look out of the window and ______ find a cloud ofsmoke coming out of her neighbor’s house.24.2005浙江At first I was not quite willing to sit down and ______ 观看 the90-minute football match.25.2011浙江I guessed, even at that age, I would never be able to enjoy playingwith the toy or ______ 面对 my cousin again.答案：第1讲简单句、并列句和复合句练习1. 判断下列句子是简单句、并列句还是复合句;1.简单句;2.复合句, The boy is called Tom是一个主谓结构,who offered me his seat也是一个主谓结构,为定语从句,作前一个主谓结构中主语the boy 的定语;3.简单句,反义疑问句;4.简单句,my brother and I 是并列主语,后面go to school和come back为并列谓语,因此也只有一个主谓结构;5.并列句;6.含有时间状语从句的复合句;7.并列句;8.复合句,what he said也是一个主谓结构,名词性从句作主语;9.简单句,只有一个主谓结构;10.简单句,前面为并列主语;11.and连接的并列句;12.由so连接的并列句;13.简单句;14.but连接前后为并列句,但后面又是一个含有定语从句的复合句;15.含有让步状语从句的复合句;练习2. 说出下列复合句中,where引导的是什么从句;1.地点状语从句2.定语从句3.宾语从句4.主语从句5.表语从句练习3. 利用英语句子结构规律做下列各题;1. D2. D3. D4. C5. B6. B7. D8. D1.but去掉或者改为yet；两个简单句用一个连词连接就行,用了“虽然”,不用“但是”,yet可以作副词;2.去掉when；the telephone rang应为主句;3.去掉that；because本身就是连词,不能再用that;4.在my前加of；But是在意思上与前面连接,因此后面用so是正确的;5.去掉so；前面with的复合结构不是一个分句,因此整个句子还是简单句,所以后面不必用连词;6.后句的he前加and；which引导的是定语从句,其前后的两个句子构成了并列句,要有并列连词连接;7.they前加and；两个简单句直接用逗号连接是错误的;8.and后加I’m；20 years old的主语不是My name;9.t rusting改为trust；trust和have是并列的;10.sat改为sit；sit和lie构成并列谓语;11.feel改为feeling；feeling good和strong是并列的,都是作keep的补语;keep 后跟现在分词作补语;12.good前加is；后句中each是主语,has a delicious taste是第一个谓语,is goodfor health是第二个谓语;13.在not前加were；willing是形容词,前面加be才能作谓语;14.leave改为left；left和walked是并列的;15.去to；earn和finish是并列的,所以要用动词原形;16.telling改为told; told和saw是并列关系;17.swim；play, swim和go是并列关系;18.visiting；visiting和making是并列的,都是thinking of的宾语;19.opened；put, opened和started是并列谓语;20.found；found和stopped是并列的;21.watch；watch和sit是并列的;22.face；face和enjoy是并列的;23.Thank you so much for not only giving me life, but also teaching me howto be a good person.24.I particularly enjoy sitting beside you and listening to you tell stories.25.In the past, we had to sit at our desks in silence and pay attention towhat the teachers were saying.26.I still remember getting up early that day and feeling anxious about thenew world.27.I dream of standing on the platform in the classroom and giving lessonsto lovely boys and girls.。

简单句、并列句和复合句常考点解读1．熟练运用S+V+P，S+V，S+V+O，S+V+IO+DO，S+V+O+OC五种基本句型。

2．考查并列句的连接词。

3．识别简单句、并列句和复合句。

易混点突破一．简单句只有一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)。

如：Tom and Mike are Americans．She likes drawing and often draws pictures for the wall newspapers．二．并列句由并列连词(and，but，or，so，for等)或分号(；)把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起的句子。

如：You help him with his English and he helps you study math．并列句的分类：(1)表示连接两个同等概念，常用and，not only…but also…，neither…nor…，then等连接。

如：My English teacher likes soccer and my math teacher likes playing Chinesechess．(2)表示选择，常用的连词有or，either…or…等。

如：Hurry up，or you’ll miss the early bus．(3)表示转折，常用的连词有but，however，while等。

如：He was short，but he ranvery fast．(4)表示因果关系，常用的连词有so，for等。

如：He felt bad，so he didn’t go to schoolthis morning．三．复合句复合句指的是含有两个或更多的主谓结构的句子，其中有一个(或更多)主谓结构充当句子某一(些)成分，如主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、同位语等，主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句、定语从句和状语从旬都属于复合句。

简单句英语句型分类根据语法形式，即句子的结构，英语的句子可分为简单句、并列句和复合句。

基本形式简单句的基本形式是由一个主语加一个谓语构成。

其它各种句子形式都是由此句型发展而来，如五大基本句型：五大基本句型1.主语+谓语谓语一定是动词这种句型简称为主谓结构，其谓语一般都是不及物动词，例：Things change.事物是变化的。

Nobody went.没有人去。

--Did you go by sea？你们走的是海路吗？--NO，we flew.不，我们是飞去。

2.主语+连系动词+表语也叫做主系表这种句型称为主系表结构，其实连系动词在形式上也是一种谓语动词，但实质上表语成了谓语，例：Mr. Turner is an artist.特纳先生是位画家。

The milk went sour.牛奶变酸了。

She became a lawyer.她当了律师。

注：我们平常所说的be动词有两种含义：1、助动词的be；2、作为连系动词的be；3.主语+谓语+宾语宾语有两种：间接宾语和直接宾语这种句型可称为主谓宾结构，它的谓语一般多是及物动词，例：We never beat children.我们从来不打孩子。

My sister will fix everything.我姐姐会料理一切。

4主语+谓语+宾语+宾语这种句型可称为主谓宾宾结构，其谓语应是可有双宾语的及物动词，两个宾语一个是间接宾语，一个是直接宾语，例：He gave the book to his sister.他把这本书给了他的妹妹。

I'll write you a long letter.我将写给你一封长信。

5.主语+谓语+宾语+宾补所谓宾语补足语就是补充说明前面的宾语这种句型可简称为主谓宾补结构，其补语是宾语补语，与宾语一起即构成复合宾语，例：I found the book easy.我发现这本书不难。

（形容词easy作补语）I'll let him go.我将让他去。

英语句子结构分类英语句子结构分类：简单句，并列句和复合句的概念及区别1.简单句：无论句子长短，只包含一套主谓结构，句子中个个成分都是单词或短语。

有时主语或谓语可以是并列结构。

请划出下面句子的主谓宾成分。

The accident happened yesterday afternoonOur English teacher is thirty years old.He put the dictionary in the backpack.Grandma told me an interesting story last night.She kept the door open.My classmates and friends all received my Christmas cards and thanked me very much.2.并列句: 由并列连词and/but/or/so/however/for等把两个或两个以上的简单句连接起来。

如：Come here and I’ll help you. 请划出两个分句并判断各分句的成分。

并列连词：一、表转折的并列连词主要有but(但是), yet(可是), while(而，却)等二、表选择的并列连词主要or (或者，还是，否则), either, or (不是、就是), neither, or,(既不、也不) otherwise (要不然)等。

三、表联合的并列连词主要有and, not only, but also,(不但,而且), when(=and just at this time 就在这时)等。

四、表因果的并列连词主要有for(因为), so(因此)等。

并列句例句：1. This is the custom of China. They are not like us to finish it in one drink, _____but_____prefer to drink by taking a small amount at a time.2. My mother wants to decorate our rooms in a modem look__while_____my father prefers a traditional style.3. It was time for her to have a new baby, ___and____it was also time for the young panda to independent.4. He is a shy man，__but/yet_______he is not afraid of anything or anyone. 解析：But/yet转折连词。

名师手记之：英语篇〔简单句、并列句和复合句〕1.简单句、并列句和复合句① 句子种类两种分类法按照句子的用途，英语的句子可分：陈述句(肯定、否认)、疑问句(一般、特殊、选择、反意)、祈使句、感慨句等四种。

按照句子的构造可分：简单句并列句和复合句三种。

简单句只有一个主语或并列主语和一个谓语或并列谓语。

并列句由并列连词and, but, or，so等)或分号(;)把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起构成。

复合句：含有一个或一个以上从句的句子。

复合句包含：状语从句\名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句)和定语从句等三种。

② 并列句的分类并列句指把两个同等重要的句子连接在一起，句子之间常用and, not only…but also…, neither…nor…, then等并列连词连接。

表示选择关系常用的连词有：or, either…or…, otherwise等表示转折关系常用的连词有：but, still, however, yet, while, when等。

表示因果关系常用的连词有：so, for, therefore等。

2.状语从句：(1)状语从句的分类状语从句通常修饰主句的动词或整个句子，由附属连词引导，附属连词在从句中不充当句子成分。

根据状语从句所表达的不同意义和功能，可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、比拟、方式等状语从句。

(2)连接状语从句的词语时间状语从句：when, whenever每当……，after, before, as, as soon as, hardly/ scarcely...when..., no sooner...than.。

.一……就……，while, till, until, since,once。

名词词组the first time第一次，last time最后一次，every/each time每次，the next time下次，the next day第二天， the moment, the minute, the second, the instant 一……就……;副词immediately, instantly, directly等也可作连词使用。

简单句-并列句-复合句(总3页)--本页仅作为文档封面，使用时请直接删除即可----内页可以根据需求调整合适字体及大小--简单句、并列句和复合句一句子可以分为简单句、并列句和复合句:1) 简单句:有时句子虽长, 但只有一个主谓结构, 仍是简单句, 例如:Yesterday we went to an exhibition on the life and work of Lenin, the great revolutionary leader of the working class.有时一个句子有两个(或两个以上)并列的主语或谓语, 也仍然是简单句There he was a leader of the student movement and took an active part in revolutionary work. Both the teachers and the students were very active in physical labour.Comrade Yang and I often study together and help each other.2) 并列句:一个句子如果包含两个或更多的互不依从的主谓结构, 就称为并列句。

He was always close to the people, and the people loved him.I didn't make any mistakes in the test, but my handwriting was poor.Some are walking by the lake, others are sitting on the benches and chatting.并列的各个部分(即各个主谓结构)称为分句。

各个分句用并列连词(如 and, but 等)连接；在上下文紧密联系的情况下也可不用连词, 而以逗号隔开(如上面第三句)。

简单句、并列句、复合句根据语法形式，即句子的结构，英语的句子可分为简单句、并列句和复合句。

1简单句句型：主语+谓语只包含一个主谓结构，而句子的各个结构都只由单词或短语表示They are playing baseball in the garden.他们正在公园里打棒球。

Her brother and sister both are teachers.她的哥哥和姐姐都是老师。

2并列句句型：简单句+并列连词+简单句（常见的并列连词有and，but，or）并列句是由两个或两个以上的简单句连接而成。

并列句中的各简单句意义同等重要，相互之间没有从属关系，是平行并列的关系。

它们之间用连词连结。

Her father is a doctor and her mother is a teacher.I liked the story very much but Li Ming wasn''t interested in it.Hurry up，or you''ll be late.3 复合句句型：主句+连词+从句；或连词+从句+主句（包含一个主句、一个或一个以上的从句，或只包含一个从句，但有两个或两个以上的主句的句子叫复合句。

）复合句（The Complex Sentence）：句子中有一个或一个以上的从句，叫做复合句。

复合句可分为：1).定语从句（The Attributive Clause）；2).状语从句（The Adverbial Clause）；3).名词性从句（The Noun Clause）：一、定语从句定语从句的定义定语从句在句子中作定语，用来修饰一个名词、名词词组或者代词。

先行词和引导词被修饰的名词、名词词组或代词叫做先行词；在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用的词叫做引导词。

引导词分为“关系代词”和“关系副词”。

关系代词和关系副词关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which, as。