上海市闵行区高三4月教学质量调研二模英语试题

上海闵行区2023-2024学年第二学期高三年级学业质量调研英语试卷(考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分)I.Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A,you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers.At the end of each conversation,a question will be asked about what was said.The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it,read the four possible answers on your paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A.A fridge. B.An electric cooker. undry machines. D.Dishes.2.A.$450. B.$500. C.$550. D.$510.3.A.Flowers. B.A gardening tool. C.Cooking appliances. D.A cookbook.4.A.Disappointed. B.Proud. C.Confident. D.Encouraged.5.A.The man. B.The woman. C.Their boss. D.Sarah.6.A.At a concert venue. B.At a movie theater.C.At a hotel reception.D.At a restaurant.7.A.Keep playing video games. B.Get more sleep.C.Buy a comfortable bed.D.Establish a regular bedtime.8.A.She is confused about the software program as well.B.She understands the software program completely.C.She doesn’t care about the software program.D.She has lost the software password.9.A.He wants more recognition for his volunteer work.B.He prefers to keep his volunteer work private.C.He regrets volunteering at the animal shelter.D.He wants to discuss his volunteer work further.10.A.The students were interested in sharing.B.The students were eager to learn knowledge.C.The students were amazed at the learning material.D.The students were respectful towards the teacher.Section BDirections:In Section B,you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation,and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation.The passages and the conversation will be read twice,but the questions will be spoken only once.When you hear a question,read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions11through13are based on the following talk.11.A.In her arm. B.In her lung. C.On her shoulder. D.In her back.12.A.Over five years. B.About three months.C.Less than two weeks.D.A few months.13.A.To find ways to help Mrs.Smith’s family.B.To hear an update on Mrs.Smith’s situation.C.To figure out what’s wrong with Mrs.Smith.D.To discuss the company’s helping policies.Questions14through16are based on the following talk.14.A.Improving artistic theory. B.Putting forward flow theory.C.Holding attractive activities.D.Studying business matters.15.A.To promote the painters’spirit. B.To discover the exception to the theory.C.To study the way to get the flow state.D.To discover the best flow quality.16.A.When they consider nothing seems to matter.B.When they began to learn new skills.C.When they work in different professions.D.When they are engaged in their pursuits.Questions17through20are based on the following conversation.17.A.It was stolen. B.It was involved in an accident.C.It ran out of gas.D.It was parked illegally and pulled away.18.A.It’s only for loading purposes. B.It’s reserved for motorcycles.C.It’s free for anyone to park there.D.It’s for library use only.19.A.The parking services office. B.The main entrance of the library.C.The vehicle storage facility.D.The campus gymnasium.20.A.$10 B.$50 C.$75 D.$85II.Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.By day,Robert Titterton is a lawyer.In his spare time,he goes on stage beside pianist Maria Raspopova—not as a musician but as her page-turner.“(21)________not being a trained musician,I’ve learned to read music to assist Maria in her performance.”Mr Titterton is chairman of the Omega Ensemble but(22)________(act)as the group’s official page-turner for the past four years.His job is to sit beside the pianist and turn the pages of the score.In this way,the musicians don’t have to break the flow of sound by doing it (23)________.He said he became just as nervous as those playing instruments on stage.Being a page-turner requires plenty of practice.Some pieces of music(24)________go for 40minutes and require up to50pages of turns,including back turns for repeat passages.(25)________matters is onstage communication.Each pianist has their own style of“nodding”(26)________(indicate)a page turn that they need to practise with their page-turner.But like all performances,there are moments(27)________things go wrong.“I was turning the page to get ready for the next page,but the draft wind from the turn caused the spare pages to fall off the stand,”Mr Titterton said,“Luckily,I was able to catch them and put them back.”(28)________most page-turners are piano students or up-and-coming concert pianists,Ms Raspopova has once asked her husband to help her out on stage.“Sometimes my husband is not an attentive page-turner.He’s interested in the music,(29)________(feel)every note,but I have to say:‘Turn,turn!’”she laughed.“But Robert is(30)________(qualified)page-turner I’ve had in my entire life.”Section BDirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need.A.contrastB.instructedC.concentratingD.potentialE.touchingF.playedG.betterH.specializedI.spotJ.followK.tracingUnfamiliar Music May Help People Chat at PartiesIf you want your guests to be particularly sociable at an upcoming party,make sure you play music they probably haven’t heard before.To explore how background music affects the way we31conversations,researchers Jane Brown and Gavin Bidelman conducted a study analyzing the brain activity of31individualsaged21and33.During the experiment,participants listened to72minutes of an audiobook(有声读物),which the pair used as a replacement for32on someone talking,while background music was accompanied by the audiobook for most of the time.For half of the experiment,the participants were asked to focus on2-minute parts of an unfamiliar audiobook read by a man.The rest of the time,they were told to focus on four background songs,which were similarly33for2minutes at a time.This34in voices aimed to assess participants’ability to shift attention between two distinctly different voices.During the experiment,all the participants wore35caps to monitor the electrical activity taking place in their brains.This36of electrical activity was the key.It allowed Brown and Bidelman to discover how efficiently these individuals could focus on either the audiobook or the music when37to do so.The finding revealed that the participants could38turn their attention to the audiobook if the background music was unfamiliar to them.Following the task,the participants completed a music perception survey evaluating their musical skills,such as the capacity to39whether a pair of similar-sounding tunes are the same.Notably,those with lower musical scores demonstrated slower attentional shifts between songs and audiobooks,suggesting a(n)40link between musical ability and attention management skills.III.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B, C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.In Favour of Simple WritingDo you edit text messages carefully before sending them?If so,you may be the kind of person who takes pride in41even the simplest message.If you do not,you may see yourself as a go-getter,one who values excitement and speed over42:get it done decently now rather than perfectly later.People are constantly receiving messages,from the mailbox to the inbox to the text-message alert.What to read,what to skim(略读)and what to ignore are decisions that nearly everyone has to make dozens of times a day.A new book titled All Readers are Busy Nowadays makes the argument for being the careful kind of43,even in informal lines.The authors also present well-established44that have long been prized in guides to writing.Take“less is more”.Most books on writing well advocate the advice to45needless words.The authors,however,have46the idea.In an email to thousands of school-board members asking them to take a survey,cutting the count from127to49words almost47 the response rate.Keeping messages to a48idea—or as few as absolutely needed—helps ensure that they will be read,remembered and acted on.49the number of the available options has thesame effect,too.A link in an email,50,attracted50%more clicks when presented alone than when it was sent alongside a second additional link.Syntax(句法)and51matter,too.It is more52to adopt short and active sentences,with common words familiar to everyone.From Facebook posts to online-travel reviews,even brief,informal pieces of writing that follow these rules get more likes and shares.If everyone is a busy reader,everyone is a busy writer,too.That may make it tempting to sent as many messages as53as possible and hope for the best.But from essays to text messages organizing dinner plans,devoting time to the needs of readers has provable54.If you are so busy that you write an undisciplined message which readers scan,ignore and delete, then you might as well have not55it at all.41.A.conveying B.understanding C.crafting D.sending42.A.care B.quantity C.simplicity D.technology43.A.reader B.poster C.learner D.writer44.A.structures B.principles C.aims D.alternatives45.A.remove B.ignore C.reconsider D.interpret46.A.conveyed B.translated C.tested D.shaped47.A.lowered B.affected C.doubled D.maintained48.A.basic B.positive C.definite D.single49.A.Recording B.Reducing C.Counting D.Estimating50.A.in comparison B.after all C.for instance D.in particular51.A.word-choice B.pattern-design C.target-setting D.platform-selection52.A.difficult B.suitable C.challenging mon53.A.carefully B.often C.politely D.quickly54.A.outcomes B.points C.figures D.benefits55.A.received B.written C.read D.answered Section BDirections:Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(A)Growing up in Ukraine,Vadim didn’t know what it was like to live in a safe,stable home. His parents were alcoholics who would often beat him.They’d even stuff him into a wine container,breaking his little body and leaving only a small opening at the top so he could breathe and see—but only just a little.By the time Vadim turned9,he was living in an orphanage(孤儿院).Unfortunately,as is the case with far too many little ones,his life only got worse there.Not only was he hurt,but he was placed in a room on the third floor,making it impossible to get downstairs in a wheelchair.This left Vadim crawling up and down the stairs,an activity that was both physically and mentally exhausting.He’d often be late for meals.If the food wasn’t already gone by the time he arrived,other kids would steal from him.Then,a chain effec t began when some special folks visited the orphanage.They told him a story about a spiritual figure who advocated love and forgiveness.This conv ersation helped the 14-year-old find his faith and,in turn,he had more hope than he ever had before.Today,Vadim is on longer the boy subject to fate.He is a father to his own kids,and his life couldn’t be more different or better.Over the years,he’s discovered a gift for expressing himself through art.This inspired Tim Tebow Foundation,an organization fighting for the most vulnerable(脆弱的)people around the world,to ask if he’d like to create a piece that representedwhat it looked and felt like for him to havegone from“darkness to light.”The result?A truly remarkable paintingthat features Vadim,in his wheelchair,leavingbehind his old home,including the winecontainer his parents stuffed him into.His newdirection includes a beautiful forest full of fallleaves and bright light,showing the hope he issaid to have found in the inspiring story.56.According to the passage,Vadim’s parents treated him________.A.abusivelyB.forgivinglyC.thoughtfullyD.strictly57.Why did Vadim crawl up and down the stairs when living in the orphanage?A.Because his little roommates often did damage to his wheelchair.B.Because other children would take his meal without permission.C.Because he couldn’t use the wheelchair to go downstairs from a high floor.D.Because getting downstairs was demanding for him physically and mentally.58.The phrase“a chain effec t”in paragraph4refers to_________.A.an effective treatment for Vadim’s disabilityB.a series of positive changes occurring in Vadim’s lifeC.a sense of hope from the story of a spiritual figureD.a helping hand from Tim Tebow Foundation59.What is the message that Vadim wants to convey in his remarkable painting?A.He admires the beauty and harmony of nature.B.He leads a miserable life with his own kids.C.He excels in delicate painting techniques.D.He says farewell to the past and harvests happiness.(B)The Role of Crowdfunding in Business GrowthCrowdfunding is a fundraising method that makes use of the power of the Internet and social networks.It involves raising small amounts of money from a large number of individuals or investors,typically through online platforms.These platforms connect entrepreneurs(创业者) with potential backers who contribute funds to support a specific project,business,or idea.Types of Crowdfunding●Reward-Based Crowdfunding—Backers get a reward,such as a product sample or easy access,in exchange for their contribution.This model is popular for startups and creative projects.●Equity(股权)Crowdfunding—Investors receive shares or equity in the business in exchange for their funding.This model is ideal for small businesses looking to raise substantial capital and is subject to specific regulations.●Debt Crowdfunding—Entrepreneurs borrow money from backers and agree to repay it with interest over time.This model is similar to a loan and is suitable for businesses with a clear repayment plan.Tips for a Successful Crowdfunding Campaign●Set clear goals:Define your funding goal,the purpose of the funds,and how you’ll use the money.●Persuasive story:Make an appealing and genuine story about your business.Explain why it matters and how backers’contributions will make a difference.●Engage your network:Mobilize your existing network of friends,family,and professional contacts to support your campaign.Their initial contributions can build momentum (动力).●Transparency:Be transparent and honest about your project’s progress and any challenges you encounter.Backers appreciate honesty.●Fulfill promise s:Once your campaign is successful,fulfill your promises to backers timely and communicate regularly.60.According to the passage,which of the following is accurate about crowdfunding?A.Reward-Based Crowdfunding is the most popular type of crowdfunding.B.Backers can get the same kinds of rewards in the three types of crowdfunding.C.Crowdfunding is a fundraising technique that relies on offline platforms.D.Debt Crowdfunding is fit for businesses with a specific repayment schedule.61.The4th tip“Transparency”probably means“________”.A.carefulnessB.perseveranceC.franknessD.optimism62.The owners of Exploding Kittens,a card game corporation established six years ago,plan toraise a large sum of capital to start a promotion campaign.They are highly recommended to ________.A.prefer Reward-Based Crowdfunding to Equity CrowdfundingB.draft an attractive story about the campaign based on real informationC.realize their promises to backers on time even if the campaign is a failurepare the initial support provided by different existing contacts(C)Hundreds of people die at sea every year due to ship and airplane accidents.Emergency teams have little time to rescue those in the water because the probability of finding a person alive falls dramatically after six hours.Beyond tides and challenging weather conditions,unsteady coastal currents often make search and rescue operations extremely difficult.New insight into coastal flows gained by an international research team led by George Haller, Professor of Nonlinear Dynamics at ETH Zurich,promises to enhance the search and rescue techniques currently in ing tools from dynamical systems theory and ocean data,the team has developed an algorithm(算法)to predict where objects and people floating in water will go.“Our work has a clear potential to save lives,”says Mattia Serra,the first author of a study recently published in Nature Communications.In today’s rescue operations at sea,complicated models of ocean dynamics and weather forecasting are used to predict the path of floating objects.For fast-changing coastal waters, however,such predictions are often inaccurate due to uncertain boundaries and missing data.As a result,a search may be launched in the wrong location,causing a loss of precious time.Haller’s research team obtained mathematical results predicting that objects floating on the ocean’s surface should gather along a few special curves(曲线)which they call TRansient Attracting Profiles(TRAPs).These curves can’t be seen with our eyes but can be tracked frominstant ocean surface current data using recent mathematical methods developed by the ETH team. This enables quick and precise planning of search paths that are less sensitive to uncertainties in the time and place of the accident.In cooperation with a team from MIT,the ETH team tested their new,TRAP-based search algorithm in two separate ocean experiments near Martha’s Vineyard,which is on the northeastern coast of the United States.Working from the same real-time data available to the Coast Guard,the team successfully identified TRAPs in the region in real-time.They found that buoys and manikins(浮标和人体模型)thrown in the water indeed quickly gathered along these emerging curves.“Of several competing approaches tested in this project,this was the only algorithm that consistently found the right location”,says Haller.“Our results are rapidly obtained,easy to interpret,and cheap to perform,”points out Serra. Haller stresses:“Our hope is that this method will become a standard part of the tool kit of coast guards everywhere.”63.In a search and rescue operation,________.A.the survival rate drops to almost zero after six hoursB.the use of dynamics leads to the wrong locationC.weather conditions are a determining factorD.changing currents present a challenge64.The main significance of the new algorithm is________.A.accurately predicting weather conditions during rescue operationsB.dependence on satellite technology to locate distressed individuals at seaC.cost-effective,efficient tracking of objects and individuals in coastal watersD.predicting the exact time and location of ocean accidents65.Paragraph5mainly talks about________.A.the collection of dataB.the testing of the algorithmC.the identification of the TRAPsD.the cooperation of two research teams66.Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A.How Mathematics Can Save Lives at SeaB.How Coastal Waters Affect Saving LivesC.Why Algorithms Are Popular in Rescue OperationsD.Why Success Rates of Rescue Operations Have FallenSection CDirections:Read the following passage.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.Such media doesn’t just entertain.B.You can easily pick out the differences among your siblings.C.As we journey through adulthood,it’s crucial to reflect on its impact.D.Media exposure during childhood impacts each child in distinct ways.E.Additionally,media have proven to have long-term effects on individuals.F.However,our mental and physical states may not be adequately equipped to handle it.Childhood Media Shaping FuturesMuch of the media we consume during our formative years shapes us into the people we are today.Reflect on a particular piece of media from our childhood—perhaps it’s the TV show we eagerly awaited every weekend during visits to our grandmother’s house.67It shapes our dreams and fears and even drives us to future careers.68Older children may have had a lot more restrictions,like TV shows,movies, and social media access.And because of these,they were able to be a child for longer compared to their siblings(兄弟姐妹).Children who have older siblings tend to show more mature tendencies and can appear to“grow up quicker”than other children their age.While they might have been restricted from social media accounts until a certain age,once given access,they tend to be more prepared.The media exposure of our generation has undoubtedly led to an increased maturation at younger ages.699Simply looking back at previous generations and the rate of consumption and processing of information that we experience every day,the effects of such are only beginning.As soon-to-be or current adults,we are already facing issues such as depression,anxiety,and delays in certain learning and social skills,just to name a few.Are we“more mature?”or are we overexposed and at risk for exceptional mental,physical,and emotional consequences?In conclusion,childhood media consumption significantly influences our lives.70Striking a balance between media exposure and mental well-being is essential for our growth in today’s media-rich world.IV.Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage.Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no more e your own words as far as possible.Have You Got Success Amnesia?Have you heard yourself say“it was nothing really”when someone congratulates you on a job well done?Or have you drawn a blank when you are asked to make a list of what you have achieved?If so,you have suffered success amnesia.Failing to acknowledge your hard work is often a sign of success amnesia.It signals that there might be a gap between how others view your achievements and how you see them.People who have success amnesia often have a strong track record at work or get it sorted for family members.They are people who others would describe as successful and yet they find it difficult to acknowledge and own their results.They don’t hold their achievements in their memory bank.This particular type of memory loss robs them of the satisfaction and pleasure that can follow in achieving a goal.And,perhaps more importantly,it robs them of confidence. Confidence does not guarantee success,but it does increase the chance of success.Why not try some practical methods?Ask for feedback about the impact you’ve had and then listen carefully.Watch out for anything that you begin to tell yourself“It wasn’t that big a deal.”Try to absorb what you hear. You can also look back over the past6or12months,capture every success you can think of, whether large or small,and write them down clearly.Purposefully acknowledging and admitting your achievements can help to bring them into more realistic focus.Besides,be mindful that you have a tendency to forget or minimize your achievements.A sticky note on your laptop screen might help:my strengths and achievements are bigger than they appear to me.V.TranslationDirections:Translate the following sentences into English,using the words given in the brackets.72.这种新产品防水耐高温，卖得很好。

上海市闵行区2023届高三二模英语试题(含听力）一、听力选择题1. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A．Strangers.B．Co-workers.C．Driver and passenger.2. When did the woman expect the package to arrive?A．Yesterday.B．Today.C．Tomorrow.3.A．In an Italian library.B．In a local bookstore.C．At an art gallery.D．At a travel agency.4. What are speakers talking about?A．They are talking about a test soon.B．They are talking about an exam tomorrowC．They are talking about a math test.5. What is the man considering doing?A．Joining a research team.B．Starting his own business.C．Attending more interviews.二、听力选择题6. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

1. What does the man usually do?A．He exercises at the gym.B．He talks to friends.C．He plays games a lot.2. How should the man do a crossword puzzle according to the woman?A．Twice a day.B．Step by step.C．As fast as possible.3. What was the study about?A．Playing games.B．Counting numbers.C．Learning languages.7. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

上海市闵行区2023届高三二模英语试题(含听力）(高频考点)一、听力选择题1. What’s the woman trying to do?A．Ask for help.B．Give a warning.C．Offer encouragement.2. Who will the mango shopping with?A．The woman.B．Alice.C．His family.3. 听下面句子。

从所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出你所听到的单词或短语。

A．potential B．powerful C．practical4. What does the man mean?A．August was quite warm.B．They will go to the city.C．He prefers the mountains.5.A．Give the cat away.B．Choose a good name for the cat.C．Learn to care for the cat.D．Hide the cat in the dormitory room.二、听力选择题6. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

1. Why does Nancy come to the store?A．To learn to make a cake.B．To get some tools for baking.C．To buy a few things for a cake.2. What kind of birthday cake does Nancy prepare for her grandmother?A．A fruit one.B．A chocolate one.C．A cheese one.3. What does Nancy think of making a cake all by hand?A．Very easy.B．Quite boring.C．A little difficult.4. What will Nancy do next?A．Return home.B．Go to a bakery.C．Chat with the man.7. 听下面一段长对话，回答以下小题。

2020届上海市闵行中学高三英语二模试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AVail Marriott Mountain ResortVail Winter Weather GuideCovered in grand mountains，flashing lights and snowy pines, Vail is perfect for explorers and people who love adventures alike. Whether skiing down the slopes for the first time or the hundredth, this guide will ensure that you're ready for everything this city has to offer.Best Time to VacationDecember through to March tends to be the best time for those interested in skiing down the slopes in style.Know Before You GoMake the necessary preparations and reservations in advance：• Ski and Snowboard Rentals（租赁）：Don't have your own equipment! Vail Sports rents out a variety of skis and snowboards for all ages and abilities, as well as snow shoes and helmets.• Clothing Rentals：For those not interested in purchasing hundreds of dollars of ski clothing for one vacation. Mountain Threads has a rental program just for you, where you can get mountain necessities like coats, pants and goggles（护目镜）.• Suncream：You might not think about getting sunburn, but it happens to skiers and snowboarders every day.• Difficulty levels：It's important to know what level you're at before jumping on a ski lift and heading up the mountain. Use a free trail map and plan the slopes you're going to ski down ahead of time based on the following levels you'll find up the mountain：• Green Circle：These are the easiest slopes.• Blue Square：These indicate average to medium levels.• Black Diamond：The most advanced slopes. Some mountains will feature double black diamonds, indicating even higher difficulty.While Vail is famous for snow sports, you'll find plenty of other fun things to do once the sun goes down or you are tired. Explore the rest of our website for more information!1. When is the best time to visit Vail if you like skiing?A. In March, April June and DecemberB. In December, February, April and MarchC. In January, February, March and DecemberD. In September, October, November and December2. Before you go to the Vail Marriott Mountain Resort, you will have to take ________with you.A. helmetsB. gogglesC. suncreamD. a trail map3. What will a skiing beginner who wants to enjoy himself prefer to choose?A. Blue SquareB. Black DiamondC Double Black Diamonds D. Green CircleBA team of engineers atHarvardUniversity in trying to create the first robotic fly. Designed to do what a fly does naturally, the tiny is the size of a fat housefly. Its mini wings allow it to stay in the air and perform controlled flight tasks."The added difficulty with a project like this is that actually none of its components is off the shelf and so we have to develop them all on our own’ said Robert Wood, a Harvard engineering professor.They engineered a series of systems to start and drive the robotic fly. “The seemingly simple system which just moves the wings hasa number of interdependencies (相互依赖）on the individual components, each of which individually has to perform well, but then has to be matched well to everything it d connected to,” said Wood.While this first robotic flyer is linked to a small, off-board power source, the goal is eventually to equip it with a built-in power source, so that it might someday perform data-gathering work at rescue sites，in farmers’ fields or on the battlefield. "Basically it should be able to take off, land and fly around，” he said.Wood says the design offers a new way to study flight mechanics and control at insect-scale. Yet, the power, sensing and computation technologies on board could have much broader applications.“You can start thinking about using them to answer open scientific questions, you know, to study biology in ways that would be difficult with the animal，but using these robots instead” he said. "So there are a lot of technologies and open interesting scientific questions that are really what drives us on a day-to-day basis.”4. What is the typical characteristic of the robotic fly?A. It's automatic.B.It's very small.C. It's controllable.D. It's quite powerful.5. We can infer from the passage that the robotic flyer can____ .A. act as a spy planeB. help do farm workC.fly at a very high speedD. answer many scientific questions6. What is Wood's idea about the robotic fly according to the last paragraph?A. It is highly questionable.B. It has wide practical applications.C. It gives scientists interest in flying machines.D. It points to a new direction in studying biology.7. What can be the best title for the passage?A. Harvand's Study in the Field of Insects.B. A Breakthrough in Engineering ScienceC. An Interesting Invention一Robotic FlyD. Robotic Fly一a Copy of Real Life InsectCAddiction to smartphones will result in poor sleep, according to a new study.The study, published Tuesday in Frontiers in Psychiatry, looked at smartphone use among 1,043 students between the ages of 18 and 30at King's College London. Researchers asked the students to complete two questionnaires on their sleep quality and smartphone use, in person and online.Using a 10-question scale that was developed to judge smartphone addiction in children, nearly 40% of the university students qualified as "addicted" to smartphones, the study found. “Our findings are in agreement with other reported studies in young adult populations globally, which are in the range of 30-45%,” lead author Sei Yon Sohn and her co-authors wrote in the study. "Later time of use was also significantly connected with smartphone addiction, with use after 1 a.m. increasing a 3- times risk," the authors wrote.Students who reported high use of smartphones also reported poor sleep quality, the study found. That foils in line with previous studies that have found overuse of smartphones at night to be associated with trouble falling asleep, reduced sleep duration (睡眠持续时间)and daytime tiredness. That's likely because use of smartphones close to bedtime has been shown to delay the body's normal sleep - and - wake clock.In fact, the No. 1 rule is "no computers, cell phones, and ipads in bed and at least one hour beforebed Dr. Vsevolod Polotsky, who directs sleep basic research, said in a recent interview. That's because "any LED lightsource from electronics (电子设备)may further hold back melatonin (褪黑激素)levels," Polotsky said. Melatonin is often referred to as a "sleep hormone," because we sleep better during the night when levels reach the top.“This is a cross-sectional study, and it cannot lead to any firm conclusions about smartphone use as the cause of reduced sleep quality, said Bob Patton, a lecturer in clinical psychology at the University of Surrey, via email.8. How did Sei Yon Sohn's team begin their study?A. By publishing researching papers.B. By responding to others’ concern.C. By collecting firsthand data.D. By turning to related experts.9. What did the study find about sleep quality and smartphone use?A. 30-45% of the university students are addicted to smartphones.B. High use of smartphones is related to poor sleep quality.C. Overuse of smartphones leads to shorter sleep duration.D. Use after 1 a.m. will result in smartphone addiction.10. What is Polotsky's opinion on electronics ?A. We should stop using them an hour before going to sleep.B. LED light source from them will delay normal sleep- and- wake clock.C. Reduced sleep quality has nothingto do with them.D. No electronics should be used in bed at any time.11. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Say No to SmartphonesB. Sleep Quality Can Be ImprovedC. LED Light Source Causes Great HarmD. Smartphone Addiction Ruins SleepDWhat will people die of 100 years from now? If you think that is a simple question，you have not been paying attention to the revolution that is taking place in bio-­technology（生物技术）. With the help of new medicine，the human body will last a very long time. Death will come mainly from accidents，murder and war. Today’s leading killers，such as heart disease，cancer，and aging itself，will become distant memories.In discussion of technological changes，the Internet gets most of the attention these days. But the change in medicine can be the real technological event of our times. How long can humans live? Human brains were known to decide the final death. Cells（细胞）are the basic units of all living things，and until recently，scientists were surethat the life of cells could not go much beyond 120 years because the basic materials of cells，such as those of brain cells，would not last forever. But the upper limits will be broken by new medicine. Sometime between 2050 and 2100，medicine will have advanced to the point at which every 10 years or so，people will beable to take medicine to repair their organs（器官）. The medicine，made up of the basic building materials of life，will build new brain cells，heart cells，and so on－in much the same way our bodies make new skin cells to take the place of old ones.It is exciting to imagine that the advance in technology may be changing the most basic condition of human existence，but many technical problems still must be cleared up on the way to this wonderful future.12. According to the passage，human death is now mainly caused by ________.A. diseases and agingB. accidents and warC. accidents and agingD. heart disease and war13. In the author’s opinion，today’s most important advance in technology lies in（在于）________.A. the InternetB. medicineC. brain cellsD. human organs14. Humans may live longer in the future because ________.A. heart disease will be far away from usB. human brains can decide the final deathC. the basic materials of cells will last foreverD. human organs can be repaired by new medicine15. How long can humans live in the future according to the passage?A. Over 100 years.B. More than 120 years.C. About 150 years.D. The passage doesn’t tell us.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

上海市闵行七校2024年高中毕业班第二次模拟（英语试题理）注意事项：1．答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。

2．选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用0．5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。

3．请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。

4．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。

第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．I ______ tell you with certainty that he won’t be able to finish it before the deadline.A．will B．must C．can D．may2．The Browns held _______ they called “family day” once each year.A．that B．what C．which D．when3．When ____ to feel unworthy, children often work extra hard to please their parents．A．to make B．making C．made D．having made4．Changing the password on your account isn’t a lasting solution if you don’t remove any virus，？A．don’t you B．do youC．isn’t it D．is it5．—I am putting on weight again! Maybe I should start doing yoga.—You _______ that the whole morning!A．are saying B．have said C．have been saying D．were saying6．As economy is declining, jobs ________to the young, continue to be scarce.A．available B．convenientC．comfortable D．valuable7．Paul could be a very attractive boy but he ______ to his behaviour.A．paid no attention B．were paying no attentionC．pays no attention D．had paid no attention8．It's great that all the visitors who on the island were saved.A．trapped B．have been trappedC．had trapped D．had been trapped9．We can communicate________people in every part of the world ________the Internet.A．with；with B．with；throughC．through；through D．through；with10．— How do you find your new classmate?— Oh, she is really ________ of a musician, who can not only sing very beautifully, but also compose skillfully. A．something B．somebodyC．everything D．everybody11．Everyone in the village hoped that he would ______ after a few days’ treatm ent.A．pick up B．come up C．keep up D．make up12．—The Kiwi fruits in this supermarket are _______ sale now, and they are sold ______ the pound.— Really? How much cheaper are they?A．for; in B．on; by C．for, by D．on, in13．We were sad to learn that several students were by a car yesterday.A．hit out B．knocked overC．run across D．picked up14．— May I go out to play basketball, Mum?—________ Do what you like.A．Go ahead! B．Y ou’ve got it.C．It’s your turn. D．Not at all!15．With some snow on top of it,the Yellow Mountain looked fantastic this winter.Actually,I doubt whether we could visit mountain in China.A．a most beautiful B．the most beautifulC．a more beautiful D．a beautiful16．People ________ with anyone who is always talking about how wonderful he is.A．fall in B．keep company C．catch up D．get fed up17．---Can you tell us your ________ for happiness and a long life？---Living every day to the fullest，definitely.A．recipe B．effortC．content D．demand18．With the number of homecoming overseas students ________ up in recent years, the attraction of foreign degree holders has gradually faded.A．shot B．being shotC．shooting D．to shoot19．— Do you often come here to have a walk?— No, only _________, because we are much too busy.A．occasionally B．eventuallyC．merely D．frequently20．The meeting planned next Monday is very important.A．to be held B．heldC．being held D．holding第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

上海市部分区2024届高三二模英语试题汇编完形填空2024届上海市长宁区高三下学期二模英语试卷Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.A cure for the future in the past?For over fifty years, the people of Britain have relied on the welfare state to make sure they have adequate health services. But now the National Health Service is sick. Government 41 and underfunding are forcing hospitals to close, and waiting lists for treatment are getting longer. Under such circumstances, it is no surprise that more people are turning to private (but expensive) healthcare.For some, however, there are 42 . They are turning their back on modern pills, tablets and resorting to other conventional medicine. It seems paradoxical, but in an age of microchips and high technology, traditional medicine, the old-fashioned cures that our grandparents relied on, is making a 43 .Consider these case studies:Maude is 76 years old and has been suffering from arthritis for almost ten years. “The pain in my joints was almost 44 , and my doctor referred me to a surgeon at the London Hospital. I was told that I needed 45 , but would need to wait for at least two years before I could have the operation. In 46 , I started having massage sessions. To my surprise, these were very therapeu tic, and while they didn’t cure the disorder, they did47 it to some extent”.Ron is 46. His high-powered city job was 48 for a series of stress-related illnesses, and the drugs he took didn’t work well on the nervous strain. “I r ead about 49 which involve the whole person rather than the individual symptoms, but I had always doubted about such kind of medicine for all diseases. However, my friend50 a dietician who told me that part of my problem was diet-related. Basically, the food I was eating was51 to my disorder. She gave me a list of foods that would provide the right vitamins and minerals to keep me in good health. At the same time, she advocated a more 52 lifestyle-running, swimming, that kind of thing. I’ m a bit of a couch potato, and this kind of lifestyle I had lived was 53 the problem. Now I feel great!”So is there still a place in our lives for modern medicine? While it is true that some infections and viruses may be 54 by turning to traditional medicine, more serious illnesses such as cancer need more extreme measures. We do need our health service at these times, and we shouldn’t stop 55 in its future. But we mustn’t forget that for some common illnesses, the cure may lie in the past.41. A. support B. restrictions C. cutbacks D. concern42. A. programs B. alternatives C. measures D. scales43. A. comeback B. living C. change D. mess44. A. unique B. uncertain C. universal D. unbearable45. A. permission B. surgery C. supervision D. strength46. A. condition B. desperation C. general D. particular47.A. protect B. recover C. relieve D. treat48.A. eager B. grateful C. famous D. responsible49. A. treatments B. sources C. spirits D. comments50. A. supervised B. declared C. recommended D. tempted51. A. contributing B. adapting C. subjecting D. objecting52. A. moderate B. active C. negative D. suitable53. A. identifying B. investigating C. estimating D. worsening54. A. prevented B. empowered C. indicated D. restored55. A. undertaking B. invading C. investing D. evolving2024届上海市徐汇区高三二模考试英语试题Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Alipay, the digital payment arm of Chinese financial technology company Ant Group, is allocating more resources to roll out translation services in 16 languages, to ensure foreigners in China can use mobile payments without any hurdles.Alipay's move comes amid China's intensified efforts to further improve foreigners' payment (41) _______ in the country.Alipay has allowed foreigners in China to link their (42) _______ bank cards, including Visa and Mastercard, to its mobile payment tool, greatly streamlining(精简) the payment processes, said Zhu Xugang, director of the cross-border business at Ant Group.Users of 10 overseas e-wallets are also able to use their familiar home e-wallets on their own phones by (43) _______ Alipay QR codes, to enjoy seamless mobile payment experiences across Alipay's vast merchant network.According to Alipay, foreigners can use the app to complete payments at restaurants, hotels, scenic spots, convenience stores and supermarkets, as well as for ride-hailing, shared bikes, buses and other public (44) _______ services in China. The newly (45) _______ multilingual app includes English, French, Spanish, German, Italian, Portuguese, Russian and Japanese.The mobile payment app has also (46) _______ the single transaction(交易)limit for overseas travelers using mobile payments from $1,000 to $5,000 and lifted the annual cumulative transaction limit from $10,000 to $50,000.The State Council, China's Cabinet, published a guideline on improving payment services and (47) _______ payment convenience in early March, a move to better meet the (48) _______ payment needs of the elderly and foreign visitors.Last week, the People's Bank of China, the country's central bank, (49) _______ a payment guide that provides foreigners with text and graphic (50) _______ on using bank cards, cash, mobile payments and e-CNY in China, the latest step in the country's push to optimize the payment experience for foreigners.Wang Pengbo, a senior analyst at market consultancy Botong Analysys, said the intensified efforts to provide convenient payment services will not only (51) _______ improve the living and consumption experience of foreigners in China and attract more of them to the country, but also promote the healthy and sustainable development of the payment (52) _______.Wang said the move demonstrates the country's resolve to expand high-standard opening-up, (53) _______ the online payment scenarios of Alipay are wide enough, with high usage frequency. So, what it should do now is to expand the scope of foreign bank card binding and improve and simplify authentication of new users, to provide more convenient payment services to foreigners.Meanwhile, Chinese banks are taking measures to expand the (54) _______ of overseas bank cards and facilitate their use of cash in the country.Dong said more efforts are needed to expand the scenarios of various types of payment methods at tourist attractions, sporting events, transportation hubs, healthcare and beauty centers and other daily (55) _______ sites.41.A. expectations B. memorizations C. experiences D. durations42.A. international B. domestic C. interior D. commercial43.A. copying B. photographing C. sharing D. scanning44.A. transportation B. security C. education D. maintenance45.A. evolved B. launched C. specialized D. simplified46.A. decreased B. restricted C. suspended D. raised47.A. implementing B. enhancing C. administrating D. subscribing48.A. diversified B. facilitated C. digitalized D. conflicted49.A. purchased B. authorized C. released D. commercialized50.A. designs B. illustrations C. instructions D. imagery51.A. significantly B. artificially C. individually D. frequently52.A. gateway B. industry C. deadline D. term53.A. developing B. monitoring C. securing D. adding54.A. recognition B. acceptance C. regulation D. policy55.A. construction B. application C. production D. consumption2024届上海市上海市闵行区高三二模英语试题III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.In Favour of Simple WritingDo you edit text messages carefully before sending them? If so, you may be the kind of person who takes pride in 41 even the simplest message. If you do not, you may see yourself as a go-getter, one who values excitement and speed over42 : get it done decently now rather than perfectly later.People are constantly receiving messages, from the mailbox to the inbox to the text-message alert. What to read, what to skim (略读) and what to ignore are decisions that nearly everyone has to make dozens of times a day.A new book titled All Readers are Busy Nowadays makes the argument for being the careful kind of 43 , even in informal lines. The authors also present well-established 44 that have long been prized in guides to writing.Take “less is more”. Most books on writing well advocate the advice to 45 needless words. The authors, however, have 46 the idea. In an email to thousands of school-board members asking them to take a survey, cutting the count from 127 to 49 words almost 47the response rate.Keeping messages to a 48 idea—or as few as absolutely needed—helps ensure that they will be read, remembered and acted on. 49 the number of the available options has the same effect, too. A link in an email, 50 , attracted 50% more clicks when presented alone than when it was sent alongside a second additional link.Syntax (句法) and 51 matter, too. It is more 52 to adopt short and active sentences, with common words familiar to everyone. From Facebook posts to online-travel reviews, even brief, informal pieces of writing that follow these rules get more likes and shares.If everyone is a busy reader, everyone is a busy writer, too. That may make it tempting to sent as many messages as 53 as possible and hope for the best. But from essays to text messages organizing dinner plans, devoting time to the needs of readers has provable 54 . If you are so busy that you write an undisciplined message which readers scan, ignore and delete, then you might as well have not 55 it at all.41.A. conveying B. understanding C. crafting D. sending42.A. care B. quantity C. simplicity D. technology43.A. reader B. poster C. learner D. writer44.A. structures B. principles C. aims D. alternatives45.A. remove B. ignore C. reconsider D. interpret46.A. conveyed B. translated C. tested D. shaped47.A. lowered B. affected C. doubled D. maintained48.A. basic B. positive C. definite D. single49.A. Recording B. Reducing C. Counting D. Estimating50.A. in comparison B. after all C. for instance D. in particular51.A. word-choice B. pattern-design C. target-setting D. platform-selection52.A. difficult B. suitable C. challenging D. common53.A. carefully B. often C. politely D. quickly54.A. outcomes B. points C. figures D. benefits55.A. received B. written C. read D. answered2024届上海市静安区高三下学期二模英语试题Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.City air is in a sorry state. It is dirty and hot. Outdoor pollution kills 4.2m people a year, according to the World Health Organization. Concrete and tarmac, meanwhile, absorb the sun’s rays rather than reflecting them back into space, and also __41__ plants which would otherwise cool things down by evaporative transpiration（蒸腾作用）. The never-ceasing __42__ of buildings and roads thus turns urban areas into heat islands, discomforting residents and worsening dangerous heatwaves.A possible answer to the twin problems of pollution and heat is trees. Their leaves may destroy at least some chemical pollutants and they certainly __43__ tiny particles floating in the air, which are then washed to the ground by rain. Besides transpiration, they provide __44__.To cool an area effectively, trees must be planted in quantity. Two years ago, researchers at the University of Wisconsin found that American cities need 40% tree __45__ to cut urban heat back meaningfully. Unfortunately, not all cities —and especially not those now springing up in the world’s poor and middle-income countries — are __46__ with parks, private gardens or a sufficient number of street trees. And the problem is likely to get worse. At the moment, 55% of people live in cities. By 2050 that share is expected to reach 68%.One group of botanists believe they have at least a partial __47__ to this lack of urban vegetation. It is to plant miniature simulacra（模拟物）of natural forests, ecologically engineered for rapid growth. Over the course of a career that began in the 1950s, their leader, Miyawaki Akira, a plant ecologist at Yokohama National University in Japan, has developed a way to do this starting with even the most __48__ deserted areas. And the Miyawaki method is finding increasing __49__ around the world.Dr Miyawaki’s insight was to deconstruct and rebui ld the process of ecological succession, by which __50__ land develops naturally into mature forest. Usually, the first arrival is grass, followed by small trees and, finally, larger ones. The Miyawaki method __51__ some of the early phases and jumps directly to planting the kinds of species found in a mature wood.Dr Miyawaki has __52__ the planting of more than 1,500 of these miniature forests, first in Japan, then in other parts of the world. Wherever they are planting, though, gardeners are not restrict ed to __53__ nature’s recipe book to the letter. Miyawaki forests can be customized to local requirements. A popular choice, __54__, is to include more fruit trees than a natural forest might support, thus creating an orchard that requires no maintenance.If your goal is to better your __55__ surroundings, rather than to save the planet from global warming, then Dr Miyawaki might well be your man.41. A. thrive B. nourish C. displace D. raise42. A. assessment B. maintenance C. spread D. replacement43. A. release B. trap C. reflect D. dissolve44. A. attraction B. shadow C. interaction D. shade45. A. consumption B. coverage C. interval D. conservation46. A. blessed B. lined C. piled D. fascinated47. A. treatment B. obstacle C. warning D. solution48. A. unnoticed B. unpromising C. untested D. unfading49. A. criticism B. favor C. sponsor D. anxiety50. A. bare B. graceful C. faint D. mysterious51. A. highlights B. skips C. improves D. pushes52. A. accessed B. spotted C. supervised D. ranked53. A. disturbing B. balancing C. following D. reducing54. A. for example B. in essence C. on the other hand D. after all55. A. suburban B. leisure C. scenic D. immediate2024届上海市浦东新区高三下学期二模英语试题Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Anyone who has ever witnessed the miracle in which infants progress from mewling to “Mama” to “Mine!” knows how critical it is for youngsters to hear normally before they speak their first words. __41__, many children who don’t talk by age two turn out to be deaf. The sooner their disability is discovered and __42__, the less likely they are to fall behind in the development of important language and social skills. That is why a growing number of hearing specialists (audiologists) and parents are campaigning for __43__ screening of newborns for hearing loss.Their __44__ has registered in some powerful ears. To date, 22 states have passed legislation requiring at least partial screening programs. Part of the push stems from __45__ in technology that, among other things, allow children as young as two months to be __46__ hearing aids. But there are limits to the technology. One thing parents should realize before they start is that the screening tests are far from __47__. A bad result doesn’t necessarily indicate a problem.Audiologists estimate that 3 out of every 1,000 babies are born with some kind of hearing loss. Of those three infants, one is profoundly deaf. About half the time, doctors can identify a possible cause, such as a birth weight less than 5 pounds, or a family history of __48__. The rest of the time there is simply no __49__ as to why a newborn’s hearing may have been affected.The screening tests work by introducing a sound into a baby’s ear and then measuring either the __50__ of the ear’s i nternal mechanisms or the electrical activity of the auditory portion of the brain (the auditory brain-stem response test). Just because a baby fails either test, __51__, does not mean that there is a hearing problem. A temporary buildup of fluid in the ear canal or excessive noise in the nursery can __52__ the results. For this reason, experts say, hospitals should __53__ the screening tests for any baby who doesn’t pass the first time before telling the parents to consult an audiologist for more thorough testing.It is at this stage that things get a bit __54__. Though 20 of every 1,000 babies fail the two-step screen, most prove on further examination to be just fine. Is it worth __55__ 17 families of perfectly normal children - not to mention asking them to spend several hundred dollars on advanced tests - to identify three infants with hearing loss?41. A. Indeed B. Meanwhile C. Occasionally D. Surprisingly42. A. reported B. accepted C. treated D. tested43. A. legal B. random C. further D. compulsory44. A. charge B. complaint C. appeal D. pursuit45. A. procedures B. advances C. practices D. insights46. A. fitted with B. provided with C. entitled to D. attached to47. A. reasonable B. imaginable C. reliable D. predictable48. A. disorder B. blindness C. obesity D. deafness49. A. solution B. clue C. reflection D. doubt50. A. response B. volume C. capacity D. activity51. A. however B. therefore C. for example D. after all52. A. prove B. produce C. match D. affect53. A. stop B. review C. repeat D. improve54. A. shocking B. distracting C. unpredictable D. complicated55. A. worrying B. classifying C. engaging D. prompting参考答案2024届上海市长宁区高三下学期二模英语试卷41-45 C B A D B 46-50 B C D A C 51-55 A B D A C2024届上海市徐汇区高三二模考试英语试题41-45 CADAB 46-50 DBACC 51-55 ABDBD2024届上海市上海市闵行区高三二模英语试题41. C 42. A 43. D 44. B 45. A 46. C 47. C 48. D 49.B 50. C 51.A 52. B 53. D 54. D 55. B2024届上海市静安区高三下学期二模英语试题41-45 CCBDB 46-50 ADBBA 51-55 BCCAD2024届上海市浦东新区高三下学期二模英语试题41-45 ACDCB 46-50 ACDBA 51-55 ADCDA。

2023闵行区高三英语二模试卷选择题：1. The phrase "beat around the bush" means:A) To be direct and straightforwardB) To avoid talking about something directlyC) To be physically activeD) To have a positive attitude2. Which of the following is a synonym for "exquisite"?A) BeautifulB) UglyC) MeaningfulD) Ordinary3. In the sentence "She _____ to the party last night," which word fills the blank correctly?A) GoB) GoesC) WentD) Gone4. Who is the author of the novel "To Kill a Mockingbird"?A) Mark TwainB) Harper LeeC) William ShakespeareD) J.K. Rowling5. Which of the following is not a type of poem?A) SonnetB) HaikuC) LimerickD) Novel6. What is the chemical symbol for gold?A) AgB) FeC) AuD) Pb7. Who is the main character in the novel "The Great Gatsby"?A) Jay GatsbyB) Tom BuchananC) Daisy BuchananD) Nick Carraway8. The process of a gas turning into a liquid is called:A) CondensationB) VaporizationC) SublimationD) Melting9. A group of fish is called a _________.A) SchoolB) FlockC) HerdD) Pack10. When was the Declaration of Independence signed?A) 1776B) 1789C) 1812D) 1865填空题：1. The process of plants using sunlight to produce food is called __________.2. The scientific study of the mind and behavior is called __________.3. The author of the play "Macbeth" is __________.4. The chemical symbol for carbon is __________.5. The opposite of "include" is __________.6. "To be, or not to be: that is the __________" is a famous line from Hamlet.7. The process of a liquid turning into a gas is called __________.8. The capital city of China is __________.9. The verb "to be" in the past tense for "we" is __________.10. The scientific study of the universe and celestial objects is called __________.。

2019-2020学年上海闵行中学高三英语二模试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ANew events and changes of junior golf competition calendarNew eventsNotah BegayⅢJunior Golf National ChampionshipWhat does a junior golfer aim to pursue? One thing is to be noticed, ideally by a college coach. A remarkable opportunity will be offered by the Notah BegayⅢJunior Golf National Championship to its participants: an event broadcast by Golf Channel. Players aged between eight and 18 can compete in the new event; information about where and when it will be held will be released later.Barbasol Junior ChampionshipBeginning the career in the PGA Tour is something that a junior golfer tends to dream of. The Barbasol Junior Championship, which is scheduled to take place between June 29 and July 2 at Keene Trace Golf Club inNicholasville,Kentucky, will provide such an opportunity. Boys under 19 years old will qualify for this new 54-hole event, and the winner will be awarded a spot at the PGA Tour's Barbasol Championship in July.Changed eventsThunderbird International JuniorThe dates of the AJGA's Thunderbird International Junior have to be changed since the NCAA Championships move to Grayhawk Golf Club inScottsdale,Arizona, for the next three years. Generally, the Thunderbird is played at the end of May. However, this year it is scheduled on different dates for the first time, from April 9 to 12, which means, of course, that the finish date is on Masters Sunday.Gator InvitationalJunior golf intends to prepare for the following college golf. If this is the case, then it is crucial to simulate the higher-level experience as much as possible. Because of that, the Gator Invitational, as a junior boys' event, has made a significant decision on becoming a 54-hole event by adding a round this year. The new version will be played from March 13 to 15 at The Country Club of Jackson inJackson,Mississippi.1. Which event can be watched on TV?A. Notah BegayⅢJunior Golf National Championship.B. Barbasol Junior Championship.C. Thunderbird International Junior.D. Gator Invitational.2. When will the Thunderbird International Junior be played?A. At the end of May.B. From April 9 to 12.C. Between June 29and July 2.D. From March 13 to 15.3. What has been changed about the Gator Invitational?A. The award given to the winnerB. The place where it is played.C. The required age of the players.D. The number of rounds it has.BHave you ever done something for someone else—knowing that your actions would solely benefit THEM and not YOU? Maybe you opened a door or donated blood or volunteered in a hospital’s ER during the pandemic. This is called a prosocial behavior. Humans engage in these types of behaviors all the time.But a question remains in science: Are we the only species who do this? As one of out closest s, chimpanzees have long been studied for signs of this. So far, research has provided mixed results on the question.Some studies show that chimps cooperatively hunt, share food and comfort each other. But one study came to a very different conclusion. The study used a controlled lab experiment where chimpanzees in enclosures were given two options: push a button to give food to themselves or push the button to give food to themselves AND a partner chimp. If they chose the latter, it was seen as a prosocial behavior. But the result is that chimps showed no special preferences for feeding themselves and a friend over feeding just themselves. Another study conducted by DeTroy, however, discovered a totally different result.Compared to previous controlled lab-based experiments, the setup for DeTroy’s research was very naturalistic. “We installed a button and a fountain into the chimpanzees’ outer enclosures. When an individual pushes the button, it releases juice from the fountain. However, since the button and fountain are approximately five meters apart, the individual pushing cannot directly drink from the fountain. And if any other chimpanzees are at the fountain when the button is pushed, they, and not the pusher, will be able to drink the juice.In this experiment, chimpanzees showed a willingness to act in the interest of others, with individual chimpanzees prepared to push the button without benefiting themselves.“It is really fascinating to see that many of the chimpanzees were willing to prosocially provide valuable resources to the group members even if they couldn’t benefit themselves from their behavior.” said DeTroy.Further research may reveal what lies behind their prosocial motivation. But for now, it’s safe to assume that chimpanzees are not simply aping human behavior.4. Which of the following belongs to prosocial behaviors?A. Jack participated in voluntary work in the library just to earn credits.B. Mark turned to his classmate for help when feeling stressful in study.C. Tim guided a lost child back home on his way to an important job interview.D. Rose often interrupted the teacher to ask questions actively in the math’s class.5. What is the task of the chimpanzees in the lab-based study?A. Sharing food.B. Making a choice.C. Comforting others.D. Showing sympathy.6. How is DeTroy’s study different from the previous ones?A. It was based on controlled lab experiment.B. It gave juice to the chimpanzees as a reward.C. It offered the tested chimpanzees a natural surrounding.D. It provided a chance for chimpanzees to help their partners.7. What can we learn from DeTroy’s quotes?A. Chimpanzees can develop abilities to help others.B. Chimpanzees have acquired many human behaviors.C. Chimpanzees in the wild is cleverer than those in the lab.D. Chimpanzees displayed prosocial behaviors for certain rewards.CIn the northern part ofAustin there once lived an honest family by the name of Smothers. The family had John Smothers, his wife and their five-year-old daughter.One night after supper the little girl was ill with a serious stomachache, and John Smothers hurried downtown to get some medicine. He never came back. The mother was very sad over her husband's disappearance, and it was nearly three months before she married again, and moved to San Antonio. The little girl recovered and in time grew up to womanhood. After a few years had rolled around, the little girl also married in time, and she also had a little girl of five years. She still lived in the same house where theydweltwhen her father had left and never returned.By an unbelievable coincidence her little girl was taken with the same stomachache on the same night of the disappearance of John Smothers, who would now have been her grandfather if he had been alive. “I will go downtown and get some medicine for her,” said John Smith(for it was he whom she had married). “No, no, dearJohn,” cried his wife. “You, too, might disappear forever, and then forget to come back.” So John Smith did not go, and together they sat by the bedside of little Pansy. After a little while Pansy seemed to grow worse, and John Smith again wanted to go for medicine, but his wife would not let him.Just then, the door suddenly opened and an old man with long white hair entered the room. “Hello, here is grandpa,” said Pansy. She had recognized him before any of the others. The old man drew a bottle of medicine from his pocket and gave Pansy a spoonful. She got well immediately. “I was a little late,” said John Smothers, “as I waited for a street car.”8. What happened after John Smothers disappeared?A. His daughter took some medicine.B. His wife left for San Antonio.C. Pansy immediately had a stomachache.D. John Smith went for medicine.9. What does the underlined word “dwelt” in paragraph 2 probably mean?A. Lived.B. Left.C. Returned.D. Married.10. What is the relationship between John Smothersand Pansy?A. Husband and wife.B. Father and daughter.C. Grandfather and granddaughter.D. Father and son.11. How could Pansy's mother feel when she saw John Smothers?A. Worried.B. Sad.C. Uninterested.D. Surprised.DDad’s comb was jade green. I heard he bought it when he married Mum, which made the comb two years older than I was. Every night, he wouldsmile, hand me the comb and say, “Be a good girl and help Daddy clean it, OK?”I was more than happy to do it. At age five this mundane task brought me such joy. I would excitedly turn the tap on, then brush the comb with a used toothbrush as hard as I could. Satisfied that I’d done a good job, I would proudly return the comb to Dad. He would smile at me and place the comb on top of his wallet.About two years later, Dad left his sales job and started his own wholesale business. I started primary school. That was when things started to change. He didn’t come home as much as he used to – just a couple of times a week. And when he did come home, it was always late and I’d already be in bed. I started to get mad. I stopped waiting for him to come home, and stopped going downstairs to check on him.Today, I’m no longer a kid. I’ve graduated from college and got a job. Dad’s business has got back on track. Things are better now. Yet the uncomfortable silence between Dad and me persisted.Two days before my birthday last year, Dad came home early. As usual, I helped him carry his bags into his study. When I turned to leave, he said, “Hey, would you like to help me clean my comb?” I looked at him a while, then took the comb and headed to the sink.I passed the clean comb back to Dad. He looked at it and smiled. But this time, I noticed something different. My dad has aged. He has wrinkles next to his eyes when he smiles, yet his smile is still as heartwarming as before. The smile of a father who just wants a good life for his family. Dad carefully placed his comb on top of his wallet.After so many years, he still organizes his personal items in the same meticulous way. I guess some things never change. And for that, I’m glad.12. What caused the uncomfortable silence between Dad and me?A. Generation gap.B. Dad’s failure in business.C. My ignorance of Dad.D. Dad’s absence from the family.13. Which of the following can best describe Dad?A. Gentle but strict.B. Hardworking and caring.C. Cautious and realistic.D. Demanding but patient.14. Why did Dad ask his daughter to clean his comb before her birthday?A. To give her a lesson.B. To follow his old habit.C. To fix their relationship.D. To praise her helpfulness.15. Which saying concludes the text best?A. Yesterday once more.B. Let bygones be bygones.C. Some things never change.D. Like father, like daughter.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020届上海市闵行中学高三英语二模试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AChildren under the age of 18 will be allowed up to three hours per week to play video games, according to a notice issued by China's National Press and Publication Administration. Online game companies are required to provide services to minors — from8 to 9 p. m. on Fridays, Saturdays, Sundays and legal holidays — as a way to safeguard their physical and mental health. Children are playing more and more online games these days. Is it time to limit their online gaming time? What role do parents have? Readers share their opinions.RizlaredOnline games are addictive, but if children are taught how to manage in a sensible and responsible manner then it is no longer a threat(威胁).To achieve this, parents need to set examples for not being glued to their phones. Teaching is and always will be the best solution to such problems.AndrewGood policy. By limiting time spent on online games, kids can spend time doing more useful things to develop their potential. They can go outside and run, jump and swim instead of sitting on a couch at home and playing with a smart phone.AdamIt is often seen that parents argue with children over cellphones. Most parents can hardly set and enforce the time limit for its daily usage. Some forcibly take away their cellphones, but it will ruin trust and relationship. Even worse, it will make their kids hate them.PinkExcessive(过度的）gaming is purely a waste of time and energy for minors and has a negative effect on both physical and mental health. The gaming industry should not put profit- flaking interests as its priority (优先事项) . They should act in a socially responsible way toprovide an environment for children to ensure their well-being and development.LaurenThere would be a loophole(漏洞). Children could use their parents’ or other adults’ IDs to avoid real-name registration, thus making it impossible to put this policy in effect. Parents ly need to strengthen guidance andsupervision to keep their children from gaming addiction.1. What should kids do according to Andrew?A. Play online games.B. Play with a smart phone.C. Study all the time.D. Go in for outside activities.2. What does Pink advise the gaming industry to do?A. Pay attention to its profit.B. Focus on kids’ health.C. Be responsible for kids’ surroundings.D. Persuade kids lo play more games.3. What role do parents have according to the passage?A. They keep hold of their phones.B. They set examples for their kids.C. They limit their kids’ time.D. They blame kids for addiction.BConcrete is the world's most consumed material after water. Because it already surrounds us in the built environment, researchers have been exploring the idea of using concrete to store electricity—turning buildings into giant batteries. The idea has been gaining ground as we have come to increasingly rely on renewable energy from the wind and sun: rechargeable batteries are necessary when the breeze dies down or darkness falls.Experimental concrete batteries have only managed to hold a small part of what a traditional battery does. But one team now reports in Buildings that it has developed a rechargeable original model that could represent a more than 900 percent increase in stored charge, compared with earlier attempts.A live-in concrete battery might sound unlikely. Still, "you can make a battery out of a potato," notes Aimee Byrne. In a future where sustainability is key, she likes the idea of buildings that avoid waste by providing shelter and powering electronics.Although the new design stores more than 10 times as much power as earlier attempts, it still has a long way to go: 200 square meters of it "can provide about 8 percent of the daily electricity consumption" of a typical U.S. home, Zhang says.This is not enough to compete with today's rechargeable devices. "We're getting milliamps (毫安) out of concrete batteries—we're not getting amps (安培), "Byrne says." We're getting hours as opposed to days of charge." But she adds that" concrete batteries are completely in their childhood, compared to other battery designs." The earliest batteries were simple andbulky. Researchers experimented with new materials and designs for more than a century to develop today's small devices. Byrne suggests concrete-based energy storage could undergo a similar evolution. "The whole idea is that we're looking far into the future," she says. "We're playing thelong game with it."4. What can we learn about the concrete batteries?A. They become increasingly renewable.B. They are the most consumed batteries.C. They are being developed by researchers.D. They will replace energy from the wind and sun.5. Why does Byrne mention a battery out of a potato?A. To show it is easy to build concrete batteries.B. To argue it is possible to develop concrete batteries.C. To make her statement more interesting.D. To call on people to protect the environment.6. What does the underlined word "bulky" in Paragraph 5 mean?A. HeavyB. CheapC. EfficientD. Small.7. What doesByrne think of concrete batteries?A. They beat today's rechargeable devices.B. They are simple and bulky.C. They have a doubtful future.D. They have a long way to go.CIn the old days, when you had to drive to a movie theater to get some entertainment, it was easy to see how your actions could have an impact（影响）on the environment. After all, you were jumping into your car, driving across town, coughing out emissions（产生排放）and using gas all the way. But now that we're used to staying at home and streaming movies, we might get a littleproud. After all, we're just picking up our phones and maybe turning on the TV. You're welcome. Mother Nature.Not so fast, says a recent report from the French-based Shift Project. According to "Climate Crisis: The Unsustainable Use of Online Video", digital technologies are responsible for 4% of greenhouse gas emissions, and that energy use is increasing by 9% a year. Watching a half-hour show would cause 1. 6 kilograms of carbon dioxide emissions. That's like driving 6. 28 kilometers. And in the European Union, the Eureca project found that data centers（where videos are stored）there used 25% more energy in 2017 compared to just three years earlier, reports the BBC.Streaming is only expected to increase as webecome more enamored ofour digital devices（设备）and the possibility of enjoying entertainment where and when we want it increases. Online video use is expected to increase by four times from 2017 to 2022 and account for 80% of all Internet traffic by 2022. By then, about 60% of the world's population will be online.You're probably not going to give up your streaming services, but there're things you can do to help lessenthe impact of your online use, experts say. For example, according to Lutz Stobbe, a researcher from the Fraunhofer Institute in Berlin, we have no need to upload 25 pictures of the same thing to the cloud because it consumes energy every time. If instead you delete a few things here and there, you can save energy. Moreover, it's also a good idea to stream over Wi-Fi, watch on the smallest screen you can, and turn off your Wi-Fi in your home if you're not using your devices.8. What topic is the first paragraph intended to lead in?A. The environmental effects of driving private cars.B. The improvements on environmental awareness.C. The change in the way people seek entertainment.D The environmental impacts of screaming services.9. What does the underlined phrase become more enamored of" in paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Get more skeptical of.B. Become more aware of.C. Feel much crazier about.D. Get more worried about.10. What can we infer about the use of streaming services?A. It is being reduced to protect the planet.B. Its environmental effects are worsening.C. It is easily available to almost everyone.D. Its side effects have drawn global attention.11. Which of the following is the most environmentally-friendly?A. Watching downloaded movies on a mobile phone.B. Downloading music on a personal computer.C. Uploading a lot of images of the same thing.D. Playing online games over mobile networks.DWe are in lack of enough sleep, according to Arianna Huffington, the co-founder and editor-in-chief of The Huffington Post. And thishas great consequences on our health, our job performance, our relationships and our happiness. What is needed, she ly declares, is nothing short of a sleep revolution. Only by renewing our relationship with sleep can we take back control of our lives.In her bestseller Thrive, Arianna wrote about our need to redefine success through wellbeing, wisdom, wonder, and giving. Her discussion of the importance of sleep as a gateway to this more fulfilling way of livingstruck such a powerful chord (弦) that she realized the mystery and transformative power of sleep called for a fuller investigation (调查).The result is a scientifically sweeping and personal exploration of sleep from all angles, from the history of sleep, to the role of dreams in our lives, to the consequences of sleep deprivation (剥夺), and the new golden age of sleep science that is showing the vital role sleep plays in our every waking moment and every aspect of our health — from weight gain, diabetes, and heart disease to cancer and Alzheimer’s.In The Sleep Revolution, Arianna shows how our cultural removal of sleep as time wasted damages our health and our decision-making and our work lives and shortens our personal lives. She explores all the latest science on what exactly is going on while we sleep and dream. She decides the dangerous sleeping pill industry, and all the ways of our addiction to technology disturb our sleep. She also offers a range of recommendations and tips from leading scientists on how we can get better and more restorative sleep.In today’s fast-paced, always-connected and sleep-deprived world, our need for a good night’s sleep is more important than ever. The Sleep Revolution both sounds the alarm on our worldwide sleep crisis and provides a detailed road map to the great sleep awakening that can help transform our lives, our communities, and our world.12. What is the first paragraph mainly about?A. The importance of sleep.B. The necessity of improving sleep.C. The way to improve our sleep.D. The effect of sleep on health.13. What can be inferred about Arianna’s attitude to success?A. She thinks good sleep is more important.B. She doesn’t think much of becoming successful.C. She thinks it wrong to sacrifice health to success.D. She is concerned about the nature of success.14. What can be said about Arianna’s investigation?A. It is really of great value.B. It is scientific and historical.C. It costs Arianna’s sleep in practice.D. It covers all necessary aspects scientifically,15. What influence does TheSleep Revolution have on society?A. It helps to slow down the pace of modern life.B. It warns people against taking sleeping pills.C. It warns the harm of inadequate sleep of people.D. It helps to stress the value of sleep to success.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2023届上海市闵行区高三下学期二模英语试卷学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、用单词的适当形式完成短文Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Humans have been living and working on the space station for over 20 years. Their meals are packaged, though sometimes astronauts receive fresh treats ___1___ resupply missions. The longer that packaged food is stored, the more ___2___ may lose nutrients.Astronauts have successfully grown 10 different crops on the space station since 2015 and had the chance ___3___ (taste) each one. The International Space Station hosted a party for astronauts on Friday as they celebrated the harvest of the first chili peppers ___4___ (raise) in space.Plant Habitat-04 was one of the most complex plant experiments on the orbiting laboratory ___5___ peppers took much longer to grow than the previous experiment plants there. After growing for four months, the peppers ___6___ (harvest) on Friday. When the vegetables were ready to eat, the astronauts also completed a sensory assessment. They rated the flavor, color, appearance, and taste of the produce to see ___7___ the labor over their greens proved fruitful as a supplement to prepackaged space food.Fresh greens, like peppers, provide a great source of key nutrients, which are essential to human bodies. Fresh greens also have psychological benefits. They can help to keep morale (士气) and provide a sense of normalcy (正常) on missions ___8___ all the conditions are distinctively different from the earth. Fresh greens make a long-duration mission ___9___ (bearable) by providing a taste of home.Looking to the future, the plant experiments have the potential to significantly impact the sustainability of space exploration. They ____10____, one day, provide a food source for long-term habitation of Mars and other planets.二、选用适当的单词或短语补全短文Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word canonly be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.On TikTok, “Self-care” has 28.2 billion views, while the hashtag (主题标签) can be found on over 66 million Instagram posts. Also, books about self-care often ___11___many people’s shopping lists.On the ___12___, it makes complete sense. Who wouldn’t like the idea of making oneself feel better and taking care of their mind, body and soul? Yet, we have to be careful not to view self-care as a cure-all solution to our problems. Self-care____13____ without awareness of your specific needs and consistent (一致的) evaluation can cause emotional, financial, mental and physical consequences.According to Zishan Khan, a psychologist with Mindpath Health, self-care can lead to a person becoming frustrated when met with a sea of suggestions, which ___14___ everywhere from podcasts to self-help books. “So, don’t allow what others suggest to ____15____ your internal voice,” says Khan. “Self-care can only benefit a person if it’s consistent with their goals and values.”Khan further emphasizes the danger of uncontrolled physically-centered self-care advice, such as from influencers. “Their ___16___ often overly focuses on beauty and improving one’s looks. This can unintentionally lead to body image concern and thus actually worsen one’s mental health,” she says.Another danger can come when self-care actions reach the level of ___17___, says Melissa Boudin, a psychologist of Choosing Therapy. “When you spend a large amount of time thinking about or practicing a certain self-care behavior, this may be that self-care has gone from beneficial to harmful,” she says, using the example of self-care through healthy eating and then going so far as to ____18____ an eating disorder.Lena Suarez-Angelino, a(n) ____19____ clinical social worker, has recommended creating a list of activities that make you feel better but don’t ____20____ you. Worthwhile and beneficial self-care may include anything from time with loved ones to walking. While self-care is important, it should not be overdone.三、完形填空What will you do when you are hungry? Of course, anyone would go and grab something to eat. And then, what determines the ___21___ of food you take in? You may not be right if your answer is the degree of hunger. The conventional concept that ____22____ is the key factor is open to challenge. In recent years, a growing body of research has shown that our appetite and food intake (摄入) are influenced by a large number of factors besides our ____23____ need for energy. Some of the factors include our eating ____24____ and our perception of the food in front of us.Studies have shown that ____25____ eating, for instance, eating while watching TV, or a similar distraction, can increase both hunger and food consumption. Even simple ____26____ clues, like plate size and lighting, have been shown to affect consumption.A new study suggested that our short-term ____27____ also may play a role in appetite. Several hours after a meal, people’s hunger levels were predicted not by how much they’d eaten but rather by how much food they’d seen in front of them — ____28____ , how much they remembered eating.This difference suggests that the recall of our previous meal may have a bigger influence on our ___29___ than the actual size of the meal, says Jeffrey M. Brunstrom, a professor of experimental psychology at the University of Bristol.These findings agree with the earlier research that suggests our perception of food can sometimes ______30______our body’s response to the food itself. In a 2011 study, for instance, people who drank the same 380-calorie milkshake on two ______31______ occasions produced different levels of hunger-related hormones (荷尔蒙), depending on whether the shake’s ______32______said it contained 620 or 140 calories. Moreover, the participants reported feeling ______33______ when they thought they’d consumed ahigher-calories shake.What does this mean to our eating habits? Although it hardly seems practical to cheat ourselves into eating less, the new findings do highlight the benifit of focusing on our food, avoiding TV and multitasking while eating. The so-called mindful-eating strategies can fight against ______34______ while we are eating. By ______35______ mindful eating techniques, you have the opportunity to change your current eating habits by becoming more self-aware and in tune to your body’s hunger cues.21．A．quality B．amount C．nutrient D．variety 22．A．deliciousness B．hunger C．nutrition D．flavor23．A．occasional B．potential C．external D．biological 24．A．environment B．content C．time D．ability 25．A．habitual B．purposeful C．unfocused D．absorbed 26．A．optional B．visual C．hidden D．flexible 27．A．vacancy B．hunger C．supply D．memory 28．A．in other words B．as a whole C．by all means D．all in all 29．A．motive B．growth C．appetite D．health 30．A．advocate B．trick C．justify D．enhance 31．A．identical B．alternative C．dependent D．separate 32．A．label B．function C．usage D．material 33．A．wiser B．healthier C．happier D．fuller 34．A．distress B．waste C．distraction D．fullness 35．A．employing B．perceiving C．clarifying D．assuming四、阅读理解When I step out onto the deck, I definitely feel the Arctic chill. That’s not surprising. I’m a good hundred miles inside the Arctic Circle; in fact, you can’t get much farther north and still be in Sweden. This is Abisko Mountain Station, perhaps the crown jewel of the Swedish mountain lodges (小屋). I’m back for a second time to this remote, scenic spot.Last Autumn, a heavy snowstorm trapped me in my tent for days and eventually forced me to go to the station, a comfortable place. I discovered a different side to Abisko. People come here for many reasons – some to hike, some to climb, some to cross-country ski. But there’s yet another entirely different attraction here. Looking out from the deck of the train station, above a huge lake, in the upper sky of the North Pole, the Aurora, as we often refer to the northern light, mixed with green and red, was giving off ghostly light, rolling across the dark night sky.The Aurora may be old hat to those who live this far north, but for the rest of us it is an unforgettable experience. The lights here were so appealing to us we quickly forgot the discomfort of the cold.One of the attractions in Abisko is the Tornetrask. It’s a huge lake, which extends more than 70 kilometres long just north of the station, creates an unusual weather phenomenon thatkeeps the skies above the station clear even when fog or clouds blanket most of northern Sweden. The sky in this area is mostly clear all year around.Abisko has a lot to offer to make it an ideal place to view the Aurora. It is far from any city lights. The station operates a ski lift to the top of Nuolja Peak, more than 3,000 feet high. For the first time this year, a cafe at the top of the mountain has been turned into a viewing platform for the Northern Lights, called the Aurora Sky Station. Also, the station posts forecasts each night of expected Aurora activity, collected from scientific observations arriving via computer, so visitors may choose the best viewing time.36．What was the reason for the author’s first visit to the lodge?A．He went there in search of the Aurora.B．He needed equipment to keep him warm. C．He was forced there by the weather.D．He had to make his food supply there. 37．The phrase “old hat” in 3rd paragraph probably mean “________”.A．severe and struggling B．familiar and unexcitingC．strange and shocking D．mysterious and adventurous 38．According to the last paragraph, which of the following is NOT a factor that makes Abisko an ideal place to view the Aurora?A．There is a mountain viewing platform.B．Weather forecasts are available. C．There are no city lights nearby.D．There is a café shop there.39．The author’s overall opinion of Abisko is that ________.A．despite the severe weather, it’s an impressive placeB．people have overestimated its popularityC．it’s not as popular as it deserves to beD．the cold weather worsens the Aurora viewing experience there(You may read the questions first.)40．Which of the following can be put into the blank in the first paragraph?A．Do we need more experiments?B．Do you understand me?C．Do you believe the theory?D．Does it make sense?41．Suppose John is a person with fresh ideas and willing to check everything out to see what happens. Which type of learner is John?A．Type A Learner B．Type B LearnerC．Type C Learner D．Type D Learner42．Which of the following is NOT true about Type D learner?A．They are keen on making immediate conclusion.B．Their conclusion comes after data analysis.C．They outline a possible outcome before taking an activity.D．They prefer not to give out their viewpoints randomly.In recent years, a lot of “business thinking” books have been published, all of which search for new answers on how to run organizations effectively. Obliquity tells us that the most profitable companies are not the most aggressive in chasing profits. Wikinomics demonstrates new models of production based on community and collaboration. Peter Miller’s new book, Smart Swarm, however, challenge leaders to think differently. He studied creatures, like bees and ants and he found their habits, actions and instincts can be applied to business. Miller believes his book is the first time anyone has explained the science behind management theory. “The examples of how ant colonies (蚁群) or beehives (蜂窝) work are appealing models for organizations and systems that can be applied in a business context,” he says.So how exactly can bees help run organizations? “By the way they work independently before they work together,” Miller says. “Picture a huge beehive hanging on a tree, with about 5,000 bees competing for space. They know their population is getting too big, leaving them unsafe. They must all agree to find a new home. In today’s business environment, managers need to be able to make the right decisions under intense pressure. Yet, it is clear that some of the best-paid leaders in some of the biggest organizations can get it dramatically wrong. How is it that they can fail to make efficient business decisions when a large group of bees can make a critical decision about their hive in just a few seconds?”According to Miller, “swarm theory” can help managers in three simple steps: discover, test and evaluate. The bees first realize they have a problem. They then fly into the neighborhood to find potential new sites. They come back and perform a “dance” to get other bees to follow them. Eventually, the bees with the best dance attract the most votes – and adecision is made. Miller says. “The bee example tells you that you need to seek out diversity in your team. You need to have a way of gathering up quite different ideas so you can make sure you pick the right one.”Ants, in addition, can help businesses organize workflow and people. In an ant colony, there is no leader. Ants are self-organized, and respond to their environment and each other. One ant on its own could not raid (袭击) a kitchen cupboard, but one ant telling the next one that it’s worth following him to find food ends up creating a food chain. “In an ant colony, you get the right number going in and out searching for food, you get the right number taking care of the babies,” Miller says. “As a manager, this can tell you that your hierarchy (等级制度) is getting in the way of getting the work done.”43．Miller believes his book differs from other “business thinking” books because ________. A．it focuses on maximizing profits B．it supports the theory with evidence C．it corrects faults in similar books D．it justifies the previous theory44．In the second paragraph, the author indicates that the behavior of bees can show managers how to ________.A．make up for wrongly made decisions B．justify exactly what the real problem is C．draw the correct conclusions quickly D．keep the team safe under great pressure 45．According to the “swarm theory”, managers need to ________.A．regard decision-making as a cooperative processB．persuade others to follow your ways of thinkingC．accept different ideas and keep them balancedD．pick out a right person to make the final decision46．Which of the following can be inferred from the last paragraph?A．Leadership skills can be developed through practical work.B．Employees work more efficiently when organized by leaders.C．Strengthened hierarchy is the guarantee of work efficiency.D．Employees should be allowed to make their own decisions.五、六选四Neuroscientists (神经科学家) now know that brain maturation (成熟) occurs far later than previously thought. Great changes in brain are still taking place during young adulthood,especially in the regions of decision making, reasoning, comparing risk and reward, etc. Indeed, some brain regions do not reach full maturity until the early 20s. ____47____ Maybe. But it’s not as simple as it seems for two reasons.1. Different brain regions mature along with different timetables. ____48____ The part of the brain that handles logical thinking is usually fully developed by 16, but those involved in self-discipline are still developing in young adulthood. This means they may not have the same level of emotional control, which can make them less responsible for their actions.2. ____49____ If it did, we wouldn’t have lived in a society that allows teenagers to drive before they can buy beer. Age boundaries are drawn mainly for political reasons, not scientific ones. It’s a pity that neuroscience won’t have much of an impact on politics although it is always correct.____50____ It is pointless to try to determine the “right” age of maturation. The Dutch, for example, allow children to drink alcohol at the age of 16 but not to drive until they are 19. Even if I firmly believe legal decisions should refer to neuroscience seriously and it’s a good idea to lower the drinking age and raise the driving age, I recognize that the government might never accept it.A．Science has never had much influence on these decisions.B．There is no single age at which the teenage brain becomes an adult brain. C．However, neuroscience findings prove to be helpful in making a new boundary. D．Child growth pattens differ and how cultures understand child growth is so different. E．Some people think this knowledge can help us rethink where we draw legal boundaries between kids and adults.F．This discovery may well indicate that neuroscience can help us better understand the interrelationship among different ages.六、概要写作51．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point (s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.With the rise of urbanism (城市化), and the attraction of video games and social media, contact with nature is much rarer than in the past. For many, there is simply no opportunity to get muddy. Today, many parents may secretly wish their children had the chance to pick up abit of dirt.Many of the psychological benefits of outdoor play are already well established. Our brains evolved in natural landscapes. This means that natural scenes provide the perfect level of stimulation, which is thought to help recharge the brain when it is tired and easily unfocused. Supporting this theory, one study from 2009 found that children withattention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (注意力缺陷多动症) were better able to concentrate following a 20-minute walk in the park, compared to a 20-minute walk on the streets of a well-kept urban area. Being close to grass and trees seemed to have had a beneficial effect on their minds. The authors recommended using such “doses of nature” as a safe and accessible way of supporting children with ADHD, alongside other tools.Outdoor play can also offer valuable learning experiences. For example, the act of shaping and stretching materials like mud or sand can help children develop the way their senses and movement interact, known as sensorimotor (感觉运动) development, according to the scientists at the University of Palermo, Italy. This allows the child to gradually understand his or her bodily signals.Given the known psychological benefits, many day-care centers and schools are already encouraging greater contact with nature: outdoor lessons, regular nature walks and the construction of mud kitchens that encourage children to play in the dirt.___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ______七、汉译英（整句）52．考虑到学生的实际需求，学校餐厅周末向学生开放。