One【20152虹口区】(A)How I Turned to Be Optimistic(乐观的)I began to grow up that winter night when my parents and I were returning from my aunt's House, and my mother said that we (25) (leave) for America soon. We were on the bus then. I was crying, and some people on the bus were turning around to look at me. I remember I could not bear the thought of never hearing again the radio program for school children to (26) I listened every morning.I do not remember myself (27) (cry) for this reason again. In fact I think I cried very little when I was saying goodbye to my friends and relatives. When we were leaving I thought about all the places I was going to see. The country I was leaving never to come back was hardly in my head then.The four years that followed taught me the importance of optimism, but (28) idea did not come to me at once. For the first two years in New York I was really lost. I did not quite know what I was or what I should be. Mother remarried, and things became even (29) (complex) for me. Some time passed before my stepfather and I got used to each orher. However, my responsibilities in the family increased a lot since my English vas superior (30) anyone else's at home. I translated at interviews with immigration officers,and even discussed telephone bills with company representatives. From my experiences, I believe that my life will turn out all right (31) it is not that easy.(B)How Room Designs Affect Our Work and FeelingArchitects have long had the feeling that the place we live in can affect our thoughts, feeling and behaviours. But now scientists are giving this feeling an empirical(实证的)basis. They are discovering how(32) (design) spaces that promote creativity, keep people focused, and lead to relaxation.Researches show aspects of the physical environment can influence creativity. In 2012, Joan Meyers-Levy reported that the height of a room's ceiling affects (33) people think. Her research indicates that higher ceilings encourage people to think more freely, (34) (lead) them to make more abstract connections. Low ceilings, on the other hand, may inspire a more detailed outlook. Besides ceiling height, the view (35) (afford) by a building may influence an occupant's ability to concentrate.Using nature to improve focus of attention ought to pay off academically, and (36) seems to, according t o a study. Students in classrooms with unblocked views of at least 50 feet outside the window had higher scores on tests of vocabulary, language arts and maths than did students (37) classrooms primarily overlooked roads and parking lots.Recent study on room lighting design suggests that dim light helps people loosen up. (38) that is true generally, keeping the light low during dinner or at parties could increase relaxation.So far public buildings (39) (focus) on by scientists. "We have a very limited number of studies, so we are almost looking at the problem through a straw(吸管),” architect David says.“How do you take answers to very specific questions and make broad use of them? That is (40) we are all struggling with.”Keys:25. would leave/be leaving/were leaving 26. which 27.crying 28. the29. more complex 30. to 31. even though/if32. to design 33. How 34. leading 35. afforded 36. it 37. whose 38. if 39.have been focused 40. whatTwo【20152黄浦区】(A)Positive thinking can help you win.Some athletes can reach great goals such as the achievement of an Olympic gold medal. Others never live up to their promise. What kind of preparation before (25)_______ race or other event makes the difference?Everyone knows that athletes spare no effort (26)_______ (strengthen) their bodies. But researches show that strengthening the mind may be just as important. Careful study indicates that the best athletes win partly (27)_______ they think they can win.Thinking positive thoughts seems to give the possibility for success in sports. People who say to themselves over and over “I know I (28)_______ do this. ” often find they have the advantage to win. On the other hand, people often fail who think “I can’t win.”One procedure (29)_______ helps many athletes is creating pictures in the mind. They are told to think of each move they must do. Some use more fanciful pictures. One skater liked to imagine a star bursting inside her, (30)_______(fill) her with energy. Another athlete who wanted to feel calm pictured himself as a bird floating in the air.Next time you want to make progress, try training your mind to help you. Perhaps a teacher or other instructor can help you plan your training. If you imagine yourself doing (31)_______ (well), you may soon see improvement in (32)_______ you really can do. Positive thinking and pictures created in your mind can help you win!(B)Two British coloniesAustralia, the last continent, was discovered by ships belonging to some European nations in the 17th century. These nations were less interested in changing it into a colony than exploring it. As in the early history of the United States, it was theEnglish (33)_______ set up the settlements in America. This history and the geography of these two British colonies have some (34)_______ things in common.Australia and the United States are about equal in size, and neither of their western lands are rich in soil. It was along the eastern coast of Australia and America that the English first settled, and both colonies soon began to develop towards the west. However, this Westward Movement took place more because the English (35)_______ (search) for better land than because the population was increasing. Settlements of the western part of both countries developed quickly after gold (36)_______ (discover) in America in 1849 and in Australia two years later.Although the development of these two countries has a lot in common, there are some striking differences as wel l. The United States gained its independence from England by revolution while Australia won its independence without (37)______ (go) to war. Australia, firstly (38)_______ (turn) into a colony by English prisoners, was unlike the United States, and its economic development was in wheat growing and sheep raising. By 1922, for example, Australia had fifteen times more sheep than it had people, or almost half as many sheep as there are people now in the United States. Yet, (39)_______ _______ _______ these and other main differences, Australia and the United States have more in common with each other than either one (40)_______ (have) with the rest of the world.Keys:25. a 26. to strengthen 27.because 28. can 29. which/that 30. filling 31. better 32. what33. who/that 34. other 35. were searching 36. was discovered 37. going 38. turned 39. in spite of 40. hasThree【20152闵行区】(A)The year was 1932. Amelia Earhart was flying alone from North America to England in a small single-engined airplane. At midnight, several hours after she had left Newfoundland, she ran into bad weather. To make things worse, her altimeter (高度表) failed and she didn’t know how high she (25) ______ (fly). At night, and in a storm, a pilot was in great difficulty without an altimeter. At times, her plane nearly plunged into the sea.Just before dawn, there was further trouble. Amelia noticed flames coming from the engine. With all the difficulties, Amelia Earhart wasn’t sure if she (26) ______ reach land. There was nothing to do but keep (27) ______ (go).In the end, Amelia Earhart did reach Ireland. It was with the great courage (28) ______ she made the safe landing. And for the courage she had shown, she was warmly welcomed in England and Europe. When she returned to the United States, she (29) ______ (honor) by President Hoover at a special dinner in the White House. From that time on, Amelia Earhart was famous.What was so important about her flight? Amelia Earhart was the first woman(30) ______ (fly) the Atlantic Ocean alone, and she had set a record of fourteen hours and fifty-six minutes.In the years that followed, Amelia Earhart made several flights across the United States, and on each occasion she set a new record for flying time and was (31) _____ (skillful) than her previous flight. Amelia Earhart made these flights to show that women had a place in aviation (航空) and that air travel was useful. Her passion for flight lasted in her remaining life (32) ______ she mysteriously disappeared from public in the year 1937.(B)It has become acceptable for people to say that women work less than men and therefore deserve less! It may have been true in the past when women were expectedto stay at home and look after children, but women have changed over the years. They have “come out”! Gone (33) ______ (be) the days when th ey toiled (辛苦) the kitchen stove all day long; they are now aware of their needs and are willing to fight for them. They expect to be given the respect they deserve, both at home and at work. They have realized (34) ______ intellectual potential and have determined to do something about it!Women on two wheels have become (35) ______ familiar sight on the roads of most Asian countries during the past few years. It is common to find a woman (36) ______ (take) her children on her bicycle to school and then reaching her office in time.“Super woman” (37) ______ she is, it is rather difficult to combine a career and a decent home life. She needs to feel (38) ______ (support). She may arrive at work feeling as if she has already done a full day’s job. (39) ______ colleagues doubt her passion to her job, she will feel sad. At the same time, women of today expect their partners to contribute towards childcare and household chores.Today’s women are learning to avoid situations that make them feel more stressed and it is a hard struggle. (40) ______ ______ ______all this, the new woman, “the superpower” has arrived. She still believes in the power and value of a family unit and she holds it in high esteem (尊重).Keys25. was flying 26. could 27. going 28. that29. was honored 30. to fly 31. more skillful 32. until33. are 34. their 35. a 36. taking37. as /though 38. supported 39. If 40. In spite ofFour【20152普陀区】(A)Good ideas often start with really silly questions. Bill Bowerman was making breakfast one day. As he stood there making waffles(华夫饼干) for his son, he wondered what would happen if he poured rubber (25)___ his waffle iron. Later, he tried it and the result looked something like the bottom of most sports shoes we see today. Still, when he took this idea to several existing shoe companies, he was laughed at. In fact, every single company turned him down. Though rather discouraged, Bowerman persevered and went on (26) (form) his own company, making NIKE athletic shoes.Sometimes good ideas grow out of frustration. When Fred Smith was a student at Yale University, he needed to have some paperwork (27)____(deliver) across the country the next day. Smith was amazed to find out that overnight delivery was impossible. He sat for a long while (28)____ (wonder) why. Why couldn’t there be a reliable overnight mail delivery service? He decided to design one. Smith did just that and turned his design into (29)____ class project. His business professor gave him only a C for his efforts. However, Smith was not through. He improved the ideas in that class project and eventually turned (30)____ into one of the first and (31)____ (successful) overnight mail services in the world—FedEx.We know today, of course, that each of these ideas led to an incredibly successful product or service (32)____ has changed the way many of us live. The best questions are usually open-ended and are often silly. Children aren’t afraid to ask such questions, but adults frequently are. Think how different the world might be (33)____ people never asked “silly” question!(B)A lot of people in the world today are used to working, going on holiday, and having money—but many of them aren’t happy. Yet other people seem to be really happy, (34) they are poor, or have no job, or are surrounded by problems. Why?Professor Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi, from the University of Chicago, has interviewed thousands of people who have a happy life to f ind out how they do it. “I (35)____ (study) happiness for over 30 years,” says Csikszentmihalyi. “My interest in the subject came from my own experience as a child during World War II, when I saw many adults destroyed by the terrible events. But there were always a few who kept their courage, helped others, and were able to give a sense of purpose and meaning to their lives. I wanted to find out how a person (36)____ build a fulfilling and enjoyable life.”In general, his research showed that people were unhappy doing nothing. The professor stresses that happy people d on’t waste time, either at work or when they’re free. “Many people feel the time that they spend at work or at school wasted. But often their free time (37)____ (waste) as well. Many people are used to doing passive things—watching television, for example—without (38)____ (use) any skills. As a result, life goes past in a series of boring experiences.”But it doesn’t have to be this way. Th e professor has found that people are happy when they get into (39)____ he calls “flow”. When people get very involv ed in a task that they have chosen, and which is well-defined and challenging, they experience “flow”, a situation (40)____ they don’t notice time passing.People who are not used to happiness can learn how to be happy, says the professor, if they constant ly get into “flow” states. Is happiness as easy as that? Perhaps it is.Keys:25. into 26. to form 27. delivered 28. wondering 29. a 30. them31. most successful 32. that/ which 33. if34. even though 35. have been studying/ have studied 36. could 37. is wasted 38. using 39. what/ something 40. whereFive【20152徐汇区】(A)As you get older, it feels like time tends to move faster. As Dan Ariely explains over at The Wall Street Journal, we tend to fall into familiar routines (25) we age and that makes time move quickly.We perceive time as something like a stack of memories, so the less new experiences you have, the (26) (likely) you are to fill in those memories with interesting things.Time does go by (or, more accurately, it feels as if time is going by) more quickly, the older we get.In the first few years of our lives, anything we sense or do is brand new, and many of our experiences are unique, so they remain firmly in our memories. But as (27) years go by, we encounter fewer and fewer new experiences—both because we (28) (accomplish) a lot and because we are slaves to our daily routines.For example, try to remember (29) happened to you every day last week，chances are that nothing extraordinary happened, so you will be hard-pressed to recall the specific things you did on Monday, Tuesday, etc.What can we do about this? Maybe we need some new app that will en courage us to try out new experiences, point out things we’ve never done, recommend dis hes we’ve never tasted and suggest places we’ve never been. Such an app (30) make our lives more varied, encourage us to try new things, slow down the passage of time and increase our happiness.(31) such an app arrives, try to do at least one new thing every week. It’s not too difficult to push (32) to do new things.(B)This afternoon, I spoke with Governor Malloy and FBI Director Mueller. I offered Governor Malloy my condolences（吊唁，慰问）on behalf of the nation, andmade it clear that he will have every single resource that he needs (33) (investigate) this heinous（令人发指的）crime, care for the victims, comfort their families.We (34) ______ (endure) too many of these tragedies in the past few years. And each time I learn the news I react not as a President, but as anybody else would — as a parent. And that was especially true today. I know there’s not a parent in America who doesn’t feel the same overwhelming grief that I do.The majority of those (35) died today were children —beautiful little kids between the ages of 5 and 10 years old. They had their entire lives ahead of them — birthdays, graduations, weddings, kids of their own. Among the (36) (fall) were also teachers — men and women who devoted their lives to (37) (help) our children fulfill their dreams.So our hearts are broken today — for the parents and grandparents, sisters and brothers of these little children, and for the families of the adults who (38) (lose). Our hearts are broken for the parents of the survivors as well, for as blessed as they are to have their children home tonight, they know that their children’s innocence has been torn away from them too early, and there are no words that will ease their pain.As a country, we have been through this too many times. (39) it’s an elementary school in Newtown, or a shopping mall in Oregon, or a temple in Wisconsin, or a movie theater in Aurora, or a street corner in Chicago —these neighborhoods are our neighbo rhoods, and these children are our children. And we’re going to have to come together and take meaningful action to prevent more tragedies (40) this, regardless of the politics.Keys:25 as/when 26.less likely 27.the 28.have accomplished 29.what 30.could/can until/if 32.yourself/yourselves/ourselves33. to investigate 34.have endured 35.who 36.fallen 37.helping38. were lost 39.whether 40.likeSix【20152闸北区】(A)Being skinny is not beautiful but being healthy is. Most young people, unfortunately, (25)______(convince) that being thin, and therefore being stylish is a major way of maintaining self-worth. To make the matter worse, they might take this so far that they are likely to end up (26)______ eating disorders.Eating disorders are psychological illnesses defined by abnormal eating habits, (27)______ may involve either insufficient or too much food intake to the damage of an individual's physical and mental health. Bulimia nervosa(暴食症) and anorexia nervosa（食欲匮乏）are the (28)______(common) forms of eating disorders.(29)______ diagnosed with anorexia nervosa are well under a healthy bodyweight. But patients with bulimia nervosa may have a body weight that falls within the range from normal to overweight. (30)_____ primarily thought of as affecting females, eating disorders influence males as well.The precise cause of eating disorders is not entirely understood, but (31)______ is agreed that the disease is linked to other medical conditions and situations. Besides, cultural idealization of thinness and youthfulness also contributes to (32)______(reduce) weight forcefully. The problem has affected a large population worldwide.(B)A new report said middle class workers could still be working (33)______ ______ they are at the age of 70, to help out their grown up children.Middle class workers (34)______(age) 50 and above are being forced to delay their retirement, with many blaming their children, a report revealed yesterday.To many middle class workers, (35)______ bothered them from work couldn't compare with the possibility that they might postpone their retirement date by aroundfive years.It is not just the rising cost of living that is causing the delay. Many pointed to the fact that they are constantly having to provide for their grown-up children at an age (36)______ they assumed they should be financially independent.Actually, one in five middle class workers (37)______ keep working in order to support their children. Many workers struggled all along to the retirement date, only (38)______(realize) that they had to switch to a part-time working pattern, also called semi-retirement. Rarely (39)______ people hear of the concept of semi-retirement in the past but now semi-retirement has become the routine among wealthier people in their 50s and 60s, regarded as (40)______ sign of the country’s on-going worsening economy.Keys:25. are convinced 26. with 27. which 28. most common/commonest 29. Those 30. though 31.it 32. reducing33. even if/even though 34. aged 35 whatever 36. when 37. must 38. to realize 39. did 40. aSeven【20152长宁区】(A)We had to climb right up the hill , which is very steep, and ,when close under it , it seemed to be high, but we soon reached the top . When we were there, we had lost sight of the lake; and now our road was over a wild land.____25_____(go) a little way, we saw before us , at the distance of about half a mile, a very large stone building, with a high wall round it , neither field nor tree near.The wild land was overgrown with grey grass that cattle might feed upon. We could not tell ___26_____ this building was. It appeared ___27____ _______ it had been built strong to defend from storms; but for what purpose? William called out to us that we should observe that place well, for it was exactly like one of the shelters of the Alps(阿尔卑斯山), ___28____(build) for the reception of travelers, and indeed I had thought it ____29_____ be so. This building, from its singular structure and appearance, made the place , which is itself in a country ____30_____ Scotland, remarkable.When we ___31____(pass) it and looked back, three pyramidal mountains on the opposite side of Lock Lomond ended the view, ____32_____ in certain kind of weather might be very grand. Our highland companion had not got enough English to give us any information concerning this srange building . What we could only get from her was that it was a "large house", which was plain enough.(B)All plants need water to grow. Watering plants seems like a simple task but it actually requires many considerations. For example , plants growing in areas with low rainfall or areas ____33___(expose) to dry wind require more water. On the other hand, plants which have a good adaptation to dry conditions or have the ability to store water in their cells require ___34_____(frequent) watering . The watering ofplants should not be viewed as a minor process in gardening ___35______ this task plays an extremely important role in ensuring healthy plant growth.Let's first take a closer look at plants growing in gardens. Since watering is a critical gardening task, ____36___ accessible water supply is vital. A garden tap with a hose of sufficient length to reach the furthest part of the garden ____37_____(prefer). This tends to make watering much easier and ensures adequate water is provided for the plants. Most inexperienced gardeners water little ____38____very frequently. This is undesirable as it encourages shallow root growth. In addition, watering in full sun causes leaves to lose water quickly from the surface of the soil. Therefore, some experts recommend ____39______(install) an automatic watering system.As for plants growing in pots or containers, they tend to lose water rapidly. One way to reduce such a risk is ____40_____(group) the plants close together to keep moisture. Try to move them to a shady place if you are away from home for a few days. Otherwise, you will return home to see your plants dead.Keys:25. Having gone / Going 26. what 27. as if /as though 28. built29. must 30. like 31. passed /had passed 32. which33. exposed 34. less frequent 35. as /for/ because/since 36.an37. is preferred 38. but 39. installing 40. to groupEight【20152崇明县】(A)After 30 years (25)_____ a pilot, Captain Peter Elliott got to fly holiday-makers on a Thomas Cook flight from Birmingham, UK, to Tenerife, Spain with his daughter.Senior First Officer Laura Elliott (26)_____(fly) for six years but has never before got to work with her father. “It’s my dream to be able to fly with my Dad,” she said.It had seemed unlikely that the pair would ever co-pilot (27)_____ same aircraft because Miss Elliott learned to fly on Airbus planes when she joined the company in 2009, and her father flew Boeings. However, after Peter Elliott, 59, retrained to fly Airbuses, their dream of flying together came true.Miss Elliott, 30, became interested in flying when (28)_____(inspire) by her father with a trial flight as her birthday present. Miss Elliott said: “Becoming a pilot was never something I had considered. It was only when my Dad bought me a trial flight for my 18th birthday (29)_____ I considered following in my Dad’s footsteps.”The pair finally sat in the cockpit (驾驶员座舱) together and Mr Elliott made an announcement to passengers (30)_____ the flight made it a special day for him as he was flying with his daughter.Miss Elliott recalled the flight, (31)_____(say), “I w as initially nervous and he kept asking (32)_____ I was nervous or not. It was like going for a driving lesson with him. Thankfully, everything went smoothly and the passengers loved it. If it ever happens again, I will definitely be a lot (33)_____(relaxe d).”(B)Has the world just witnessed its first ever robot suicide? Boring housework was seemingly too much for one cleaning robot to take, when it apparently rebelled and decided to end it all.The robot was given the tiresome task of cleaning up some spilt grain before it climbed on to a kitchen hotplate (34)_____ it destroyed itself, according to reports in Austria. It had reportedly grown tired of (35)_____(force) to clean the house every day and decided to become a martyr(殉道者) to the robot cause.“Som ehow it seems (36)_____(restart) itself again before it made its way along the work surface. Then it pushed a cooking pot out of the way and basically that was the end of it,” explained fireman Helmut Kniewasser, who (37)_____(call) to deal with the fire a t Hinterstoder in Kirchdorf. “It pretty quickly started to melt underneath and then stuck to the kitchen hotplate. It then caught fire. (38)_____ _____ _____ we arrived, it had become just a pile of ash.” He added: “The entire building (39)_____ _____be evacuated (疏散) and there was severe smoke damage particularly in the flat in which the robot had been in use. “It’s a mystery how it came to be started and ended up making its way to the hotplate.” (40)_____ took an hour to clean and make the building safe. The homeowner plans to charge the robot’s manufacturer.Keys:25. as 26. has been flying/has flown 27. the 28. inspired 29. that30. that 31. saying 32. whether 33. more relaxed34.where 35. being forced 36. to have restarted 37. was called/ had been called 38. By the time 39. had to 40. ItNine【20152浦东新区】(A)What should you take in with you when you take an exam? Pen, pencil, eraser, ruler... and don’t forget a bottle of water!According to a study held in London, students ___25___ (bring) water into exams may improve their grades by up to 10%. Scientists in UK did the study on 448 students. The students were studying for a different degree at the University of East London. Only 25% of them entered the exam hall with water. Scientists then compared their exam results with their normal schoolwork grades. They found that all those who ___26___ (bring) water with them got better grades by 2% to 10%. Scientists also predicted the students’ scores according to their normal schoolwor k. They wrote down their possible scores on paper ___27___ the students took exams.It is unclear ___28___ drinking water improves exam results. But scientists say having enough water in our bodies and not feeling thirsty could have a helpful effect on our brains. Drinking water may also reduce anxiety, ___29___ has a bad effect on exam performances.“___30___” the explanation is, it is clear that students ___31___ try hard to stay hydrated (含水的）with water during exam,” one of the scientists said. So next t ime, when you are doing to have a big exam, try ___32___ (furnish) yourself with a bottle of water. It may help you pass the exam!(B)Without any previous notice, a documentary dominated headlines and social websites over the weekend.Under the Dome, a 103-minute documentary ___33___ (self-fund) by former news anchor Chai Jing, ___34___ (release) in China on Feb 28. It has rapidly pushed the public awareness about air pollution and encouraged people to join in ___35___。
