初高中衔接教学案 句子成分
- 格式：doc
- 大小：59.00 KB
- 文档页数：4
高一教学案 日期：________ 班级_____ 姓名__________
1 初高中衔接语法复习
编号1 句子和句子成分
编写人：刘德刚 审稿人：张丽珍
I. 课前自学
一．自学材料
简单句：只有一个主语和谓语动词的句子称为简单句。简单句分五种基本句式和There
be句式。（说明：S=主语；V=谓语；P=表语；O=宾语；IO=间接宾语；DO=直接宾语；C=宾语补足语）
Question: 你认为划分句子成分时，应首先找出什么成分(主语/谓语/宾语/定语/状语)?
1. 主谓结构（S+V）
(说明：此句式中V是不及物动词vi)
Eg: The gas has given out.
Plants grow well all the year round.
Ex: 1) 他们听得很仔细。_________________________________________
2) 我的墨水用完了。_____________________________________________
2. 主系表结构（S+V+P） (说明：此句式中V是系动词link v.，常见的有: be, look, seem,
appear, sound, feel, taste, smell, grow, get, stand, become, turn等)
Eg: He is older than he looks.
He seems interested in the book.
Ex: 完成句子：
1) 刘谦是个魔术师。Liu Qian _________ a music.
2) 你长的比以前高了。You _______________ taller than before.
3) 花闻起来香甜。The flowers ____________ sweet and nice.
3. 主谓宾结构（S+V+O）
(说明：此句式中V是及物动词或短语，后面必须跟宾语)
Eg: I saw a film yesterday.
The man is looking for his own chair.
Have you read the story.
Ex: 汉译英：
1) 他们在村里建了一座工厂。________________________________________
2) 你应当照看好你的孩子。______________________________________
4. 主谓双宾语(间接宾语和直接宾语)结构（S+V+IO+DO） (说明V是及物动词，常见的跟双宾语的动词有give, ask, bring, offer, send, pay, lend, show, tell, borrow, buy, get, rob,
warn等)
Eg: He gave me a book/a book to me.
Mother bought me a book/a book for me. 高一教学案 日期：________ 班级_____ 姓名__________
2 Ex: 改写句子(改为：主语+谓语+直接宾语+介词+间接宾语)：
1) He brought me a pen. _________________________________
2) Please do me a favor. __________________________________
5. 主谓宾补结构(S+V+O+C) (V是带宾语补足语的及物动词，做补足语的词有名词，形容词，副词，介词短语，不定式，现在分词，过去分词等)
Eg: They made the girl angry. They named the boy Charlie.
Ex: 完成句子
1）我发现他出去了。 I found her __________.
2）他们感觉汽车行驶的很快。 They felt the car ___________。
3) 我刚才听到玻璃碎了。 I heard the glass ___________ just now.
6. There be句型
Eg: There is a book on the desk. There are too many people for me to talk with.
Ex: 汉译英：
1）屋子里有一张桌子两把椅子。_______________________________________
2) 没有必要那么匆忙去车站。___________________________________________.
二、句子成分
1、定语 (修饰名词或代词)
Guilin is a beautiful city. China is a developing country. He is our maths teacher.
His mother is teaching thirty students to study music. Tom’s brother is a worker.
Who is the boy in the room? The man out in the only one who I know here.
Ex: 找出下列句中的定语
1) Yesterday the scientist made a report on the modern science.
2) Do you have anything more to say?
3) Do you know the number of books文综之家
ordered by the library.
2、状语 (修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子)
Time travels quickly. He has lived here for ten years. I’m glad to see you.
He is in the room reading books. When I came in, he was doing homework.
Ex: 找出下列句中的状语
1) I shall stay here for five months.
2) Wherever I am, I will be thinking of you.
3. 按照五种句式分析下列句子，并确定定语和状语。
1) That boy likes football very much.
2) The girl stood there for a moment. 高一教学案 日期：________ 班级_____ 姓名__________
3 3) He is always the happiest student of the whole class.
4) My father gave me five interesting books yesterday.
5) The teacher asked the students to finish the work in time.
6) Every one of us may have heard of the story of the tortoise and the hare.
7) The hare ran faster than the tortoise at the begging of the race.
8) Recently, someone told me a more interesting version of this story.
9) The hare and the tortoise became pretty good friends at that time.
10) The new version is a better one for some children.
11) The moral of the story is that it is important to work together.
三、各种句式
1. 否定句(否定谓语/否定主语/加否定意义词no, never, hardly, seldom, little, few等)
The villagers didn’t allow them to do this. (not与助动词/情态动词结合否定谓语)
None of you watched carefully enough. (主语变为否定意义)
She has never seen her mother since 10 years ago. (加否定意义副词)
Ex: 将下列句子改为否定句
1) We have had women working in this part of our company before.
2) We think there is something of interest in your pictures.
3) Both of them had their tickets. All of them have finished their work.
2. 疑问句
Eg: 一般疑问句：---Are you good at sailing? --Yes, in fact, I’m on our city team.
特殊疑问句：---How is he? ---He is very well.
(特殊疑问词who/ whom/ whose// when/ where/ why// what/ which/ how)
Ex: 就划线部分提问
Professor Li’s speech is going to be given this afternoon.
_______________________________________________________________
He is going to be ready in half an hour.
_____________________________________________________________
3. 反意疑问句
Eg: She looks quiet enough, doesn’t she?
I don’t suppose anyone will volunteer, will they?
