英语句子成分与结构PPT课件
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英语句子成分及结构
Company Document number:WUUT-WUUY-WBBGB-BWYTT-1982GT 英语句子成分及句子结构
英语句子基本构成成分:
主语:可以作主语的成分有名词(如boy),主格代词(如I ,we, he, she,
they ),数词、,等。最常用的便是名词、代词、动名词、动词不定式。主语一般在句首。
(1)名词作主语
English is very important. 英语是很重要的。
The students
all love their English teacher. ‘
这些学生都爱他们的英语老师。
(2)代词作主语
They go to school by bus. 他们乘公共汽车上学。
(3)作主语
Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes.
看电视太多对你的眼睛是有害的。
It’s no use regretting it.
后悔是无用的。
(4)动词(短语)作主语
To see is to believe. 眼见为实。
It is necessary to master a foreign language.
掌握一门外语是很必要的
谓语:谓语由动词构成,谓语、语态的变化都体现在动词的变化上,一般在主语之后。
(1)作谓语
We should help each other. 我们应该互相帮助。 All of the students like the novel. 所有这些学生都喜欢这本小说。
(2)作谓语
You’re driving too fast. 你开车开得太快了。
The teacher came in, book in hand. 老师走进教室,手里拿着书。
(3)连系动词作谓语
1 英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解及练习
主语(subject): 句子说明的人或事物。
The sun rises in the east. (名词) He likes dancing. (代词)
Twenty years is a short time in history. (数词) Seeing is believing. (动名词)
To see is to believe. (不定式) What he needs is a book. (主语从句)
It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree. (It形式主语,主语从句是真正主语)
谓语(predicate): 说明主语的动作、状态和特征。
We study English. He is asleep.
表语(predicative): 系动词之后的成分,表示主语的性质、状态和特征。
He is a teacher. (名词)
Seventy-four! You don’t look it. (代词)
Five and five is ten. (数词)
He is asleep. (形容词)
His father is in. (副词) The picture is on the wall. ( 介词短语)
My watch is gone / missing / lost. (形容词化的分词)
To wear a flower is to say “I’m poor, I can’t buy a ring. (不定式)
第 1 页 共 15 页 英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解及练习
句子从结构上分:
1.简单句
2.并列句(并列复合句)
3.复合句(主从复合句)
1)名词性从句:(1)主从 (2) 宾从 (3)表从 (4)同从
2)形容词性从句
定从 (限定性的定语从句和非限定性的定语从句)
3) 副词性从句(状从)
简单句的五种基本句型
五种句子的基本结构,
主谓
主谓宾
主系表
主谓双宾语( 间宾 直宾)
主谓复合宾语(宾+ 宾补)
主语(subject): 是执行句子的行为或动作的主体。
The sun rises in the east. (名词)
He likes dancing. (代词)
Twenty years is a short time in history. (数词)
Seeing is believing. (动名词)
To see is to believe. (不定式)
What he needs is a book. (主语从句)
It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree.
(It形式主语,主语从句是真正主语)
谓语(predicate): 说明主语的动作、状态和特征。
We study English. He likes playing the games.
表语(predicative): 系动词之后的成分,表示主语的性质、状态和特征。
He is a teacher. (名词)
Five and five is ten.
(数词)
He is asleep. (形容词)
His father is in. (副词)
The picture is on the wall. ( 介词短语)
择校专家 只为升学 1
星海教育2016年暑假双流校区
目标满分班 名师培优精讲
第 1 讲
【教学标题】
英语句子成分
【教学目标】
让学生完全掌握英语句子的成分问题,使学生能够更好的理解句子结构
【教学重点】
1.句子成分的划分
2.句子的主要成分
3.句子的次要成分
4.作各个成分相应的词性
【教学难点】
1.句子的主要成分
2.状语的识别
3.定语的识别
4.宾语补足语
【教学内容】
句子成分的定义:构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。
句子成分有主要成分和次要成分:主要成分有主语和谓语;次要成分有表语、宾
择校专家 只为升学 2 语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。
A.主语:主语是一个句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首。但在there be结构、疑问句(当主语不疑问词时)和倒装句中,主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。
一句话语法: 主语由名词性的词来充当.
例如:
During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.(名词)
The students all love their English teacher.
We often speak English in class.(代词)
They go to school by bus.
One-third of the students in this class are girls.(数词)