What和that在名词性从句中的用法区别
What 和that 都可以引导名词性从句。
一．在引导名词性从句时，从属连词that一般要注意三个不（three nos）：1．不省略（no ellipsis）
当从属连词that引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句时，that不省略。
Eg. 1) That he was able to come made us happy. (That 引导主语从句不可省略)
2)The truth is that I didn’t go there. (that引导表语从句不可省略)
3)The news that our team has won is true. (that引导同位语从句不可省略)
但在非正式文体中that 引导宾语从句时可以省略，除下列两种情况外：
that在宾语从句中不能省略的情况.
(1). 在主+谓+it(形式宾语)+宾补+that，从句(真正宾语) 的句型中不省略. Eg: 4) He made it quite clear that he preferred to study English.（that不可以省略）
他很明确地说他宁愿学习英语。
(2). 由连词and连接的两个由that引导的宾语从句中, 则第二个宾语从句前的that不省略。
Eg: 5) He told me that he would come and that he would come on time.（第一个That可以省略，但第二个that不可以省略。)他告诉我他将来而且他将准时来。2．不作成分（no component）
that 在名词性从句中不作任何句子成分。
Eg. 6)Sydney kept his promise that he would always do anything he could for Lucie to make sure of her happiness.（that在句中引导同位语从句，但在句中不作任何成分）
7))That you don’t like him is none of my business. (that在句中引导主语从句，但在句中不作任何成分，也不省略）
3．没词义（no meaning）
that 在名词性从句中没有汉语意思。
Eg. 8)That she is a rich woman is known to us. (that在句中引导主语从句，但在句中没有汉语意义)
她是一个很有钱的女子，这一点我们都知道。
9）The thought that he might fail in the exam worried him. (that在句中引导同位语从句，但在句中没有汉语意义）
他也许会考试失败，这一想法使他很担心。
二．在引导名词性从句时，What一般要注意一个不（one no）,一个有（meaning）,一个作（component）：
1．不省略
what 引导名词性从句时，what 在句中不省略。这一用法与that 用法不尽相同。eg. 10) What I had for breakfast today was rice with egg.(what 在句中引导主语从句，what 不省略)
11)----I think it’s going to be a big problem.
----Yes , it could be .
----I wonder what we can do about. (what在句中引导宾语从句，但在句中不省略）
2．有词义
what 引导名词性从句时，有词义。一般是“----的东西/事情/话等”这一用法与that 用法不一样
eg. 1) This is what she wanted to show us. (what在句中引导表语从句，在句中有词义，意思是“----的东西、事情）这是她想让我们看的东西。
12）What the teacher said had a good effect on the children. (what在句中引导主语从句，在句中有词义，意思是“----的东西、事情）老师所说的话对孩子们有很好的作用。
3．作成分
what 在引导名词性从句时，在从句中充当成分。这一用法与that 用法不一样。Eg. 13)It doesn’t matter what he said.( it 是形式主语，what 在句中引导主语从句。What 在主语从句中作said 的宾语。)
14）It was true ______Alice did surprised her mother.
A. that what
B. what that
C. that that
D. all what
评析：这一题正确答案是A。it在句中是形式主语，that引导的是主语从句that Alice did surprised her mother.，在这个主语从句当中，what 又引导了主语从句what Alice did，what在从句中作did 的宾语。
三．要特别提醒同学们的两点：
1. What所引导的从句可以在介词后作宾语，而that从句一般不可以。
Eg：15）After months of voyage ,Columbus arrived in _____later proved to be a new continent.
A. where
B. which
C. what
D. that
评析：答案是C。因为在介词in 后面，应该用what引导的宾语从句，what在宾语从句中作主语。而that不可以这样用。
16) On stepping into his room, he was astonished to find the floor covered with _____looked like tiny insects.
A. that
B. something
C. what
D. anything
评析：答案是C。因为在介词with 后面，应该用what引导的宾语从句，what 在宾语从句中作主语。而that不可以这样用。
2.that可以引导定语从句，而且是定语从句引导词中的顶梁柱，它在定语从句中要充当成分，通常作定语从句中的主语、宾语。同时that也可以引导名词性从句，在名词性从句中that 不充当成分。但What不可以引导定语从句。它只可以引导名词性从句,在句中相当于what =all that ,what 在名词性从句中充当成分，常常作主语、宾语和表语。
Eg: 17).All _____I want to know is what he meant .
A.that
B. which
C. what
D. whatever
评析：答案是A.本题是that引导的定语从句。而what不可以引导定语从句。What=all that .又因为先行词是all ，故其后不可以接which 引导的定语从句。而. Whatever=anything that /no matter what 从意义和语法都不符合。所以只能选A,that.
18) ______impressed me most was ______such a little boy could play the violin so well.
A. That ; what
B. What ; that
C. That ; that
D. What ; what
评析：答案是B.第一空是what 引导的主语从句，并在主语从句中作
主语。第二空是that 引导的表语从句，that在表语从句中不省略，不作成分，也没词义。
要真正掌握What 和that 在名词性从句中的用法，还得多多操练,熟能生巧（Practice makes perferct）。
练习：
一．改错题：
1.What we all like him is certain.
2.He left is certain.
３．I wished that we could go to Beijing this summer and we could buy some books on our way back
4.His delay is due to the fact the car went wrong halfway.
5.The idea which the world may be destroyed by nuclear weapons came to him.
6.The news our team has won is true.
7.He said that he had made a big mistake and he felt very sorry for it.
8.The reason he did not come is he was ill.
9.His delay is due to the fact the car went wrong halfway.
10 .When you answer questions in a job interview ,please remember the golden rule: Always give the monkey exactly that he wants.
Keys: 1.(what→That) 2.(he 前加that) 3.（在and 后加that）4.（在the car 前加that） 5.(which→that) 6.(在news 后加that ) 7.(第一个that可以省略，但第二个that不可以省略。所以要在and 后加that) 8.（在is 后加that)）9.（在fact后加that）10. (将that 改what)
二）高考题：
11．[92] It worried her a bit ______ her hair was turned grey.
A. while
B. that
C. if
D. for
12．[93] _____ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present.
A. What
B. That
C. The fact
D. The matter
13．[96] _____ we can’t get se ems better than _____ we have.
A. What / what
B. What / that
C. That / that
D. That / what
14．[98] _____ caused the accident is still a complete mystery.
A. What
B. That
C. How
D. Where
15．[01] A compu ter can only do _____ you’ve instructed it to do.
A. how
B. after
C. what
D. when
Keys:11-15 BAAAC
三）选择题：
16．Air to us is ______water to fish.
A. what
B. that
C. /
D. like
17．China is not _____ it used to be .
A. that
B. what
C. which
D. /
18. After ______seemed to be ten years later, he returned to his hometown.
A. what
B. that
C. /
D. which
19.There are signs ______restaurants are becoming more popular with families.
A. that
B. which
C. in which
D. whose
20.It is pretty well understood ______controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today.
A. that
B. when C . what D. how
21.______fashion differs from country to country may reflect the culture differences from one aspect.
A. What
B. That
C. This
D. Which
22.----What made her parents so angry ?
----______ she had failed in the exam.
A. As
B. Because
C. Since
D. That
https://www.doczj.com/doc/876844626.html,rmation has been put forward ______more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.
A. while
B. that
C. when
D. as
24.----Are you still thinking about yesterday’s game ?
----Oh, that’s ______.
A. what makes me feel excited
B. whatever I feel excited about
C. how I feel about it
D. when I feel excited
25.There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars _______ road conditions need _______.
A. that , to be improved
B. which , to be improved
C. where, improving
D. when , improving
26.Word has come ______some foreign guests will come to our school.
A. that
B. whether
C. which
D. what
27.No one can be sure ______in a million years.
A. what man will look like
B. what will man look like
C. what look will like man
D. what look will man like.
28.____puzzled the police especially was ______the murderer died .
A. The thing ; that
B. That ; how
C. What ; how
D. Which ; how
29.Sometimes we are asked _____ the likely result of an action will be .
A. that we think
B. what we think
C. what do you think
D. if we think
30. The fire destroyed all _____ was in the building .
A. what
B. which
C. that
D. how
31.It’s certain _____he will come to our rescue.
A. whether
B. what
C. that
D. if
32. I’m sure ______things will get better and ______we will get out of the trouble soon.
A. that ; which
B. /;/
C. /; that
D. that ; /
33.He was so pleased with all ______we had done for him ______he wrote us a letter to praise us for it . A. what ; what B. what ; that C. that ; what D. that ; that
34.Was it in his office ______the manager made a promise ______he would give me promotion?
A. when ; that
B. that ; that
C. when ; which
D. on which ; what
35. There is no doubt _____ China will catch up with the developed countries.
A. which
B. that
C. whether
D. what
36._____he did well in the examination made him happy.
A. What
B. Which
C. That
D. When
37. There is a popular belief among the students _____one cannot hope to achieve success without hard work. A. which B. that C. / D. what
38.Who discovered the truth ______ the earth goes round the sun ?
A. which
B. what
C. when
D. that
39. By success I don’t mean ______usually thought o f when that word is used.
A. what is
B. that we
C. as you
D. all is
40. Although Anne is happy with her success she wonders ______will happen to her private life.
A. this
B. it
C. what
D. that
Keys:16-20 ABAAC 21-25 BDBAA 26-30 AACBC
31-35CCDBB 36-40 CBDAC
What 和that 在名词性从句中的用法区别 What 和that 都可以引导名词性从句。 一．在引导名词性从句时，从属连词that一般要注意三个不（three nos）： 1．不省略（no ellipsis） 当从属连词that引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句时，that不省略。 Eg. 1) That he was able to come made us happy.(That 引导主语从句不可省略) 2)The truth is that I didn’t go there. (that引导表语从句不可省略) 3)The news that our team has won is true. (that引导同位语从句不可省略) 但在非正式文体中that 引导宾语从句时可以省略，除下列两种情况外： that在宾语从句中不能省略的情况. (1). 在主+谓+it(形式宾语)+宾补+that，从句(真正宾语) 的句型中不省略. Eg: 4) He made it quite clear that he preferred to study English.（that不可以省略） 他很明确地说他宁愿学习英语。 (2). 由连词and连接的两个由that引导的宾语从句中, 则第二个宾语从句前的that不省略。Eg: 5) He told me that he would come and that he would come on time.（第一个That可以省略，但第二个that不可以省略。)他告诉我他将来而且他将准时来。 2．不作成分（no component） that 在名词性从句中不作任何句子成分。 Eg. 6)Sydney kept his promise that he would always do anything he could for Lucie to make sure of her happiness.（that在句中引导同位语从句，但在句中不作任何成分） 7))That you don’t like him is none of my business. (that在句中引导主语从句，但在句中不作任 何成分，也不省略） 3．没词义（no meaning） that 在名词性从句中没有汉语意思。 Eg. 8)That she is a rich woman is known to us. (that在句中引导主语从句，但在句中没有汉语意义) 她是一个很有钱的女子，这一点我们都知道。 9）The thought that he might fail in the exam worried him. (that在句中引导同位语从句，但在句中没有汉语意义） 他也许会考试失败，这一想法使他很担心。 二．在引导名词性从句时，What一般要注意一个不（one no）,一个有（meaning）,一个作（component）： 1．不省略 what 引导名词性从句时，what 在句中不省略。这一用法与that 用法不尽相同。 eg. 10) What I had for breakfast today was rice with egg.(what 在句中引导主语从句，what 不省略) 11)----I think it’s going to be a big problem. ----Y es , it could be . ----I wonder what we can do about. (what在句中引导宾语从句，但在句中不省略） 2．有词义 what 引导名词性从句时，有词义。一般是“----的东西/事情/话等”这一用法与that 用法不一样eg. 1) This is what she wanted to show us. (what在句中引导表语从句，在句中有词义，意思是“----的东西、事情）这是她想让我们看的东西。 12）What the teacher said had a good effect on the children. (what在句中引导主语从句，在句中有词义，意思是“----的东西、事情）老师所说的话对孩子们有很好的作用。 3．作成分
定语从句中的that和which的用法 引导定语从句的关系代词有：that（指人或物）,which （指物）,who (指人）.指人时可用that或who ；指物时可用that 或which 。 That和which在从句里都可以做宾语和主语，做宾语时可以省略。指物时，两者一般可以互换，但在下列情况下只能用that： 1）当先行词是all ,any ,anything ,everything ,nothing 或被它们修饰时.例如： Is there anything that I can do for you 有什么可以为你做的吗? All that can be done must be done . 凡是能做的都必须做. 2）当先行词被形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时.例如：That is one of the most interesting books that are sold in the bookshop . 那是这家书店出售的最有趣的书之一. The first thing that we should do is to get some food . 我们该做的第一件事是弄点吃的. 3）当先行词有：the only ,the very ,the same ,the last 等修饰时.例如：
My necklace is not the only thing that's missing . 我的项链不仅是丢掉的东西. 4）当主句以who或which开头时,定语从句中引导词用that ,不用which 或who .以避免重复.例如： Who is the girl that is wearing a red coat 正穿一件红色外套的女孩子是谁? 5）当先行词既有人又有物时,用that .例如： The writer and his novel that you have just talked about are really well known . 你刚才谈起的那位作家以及他的小说确实很著名. 请注意: 以下几种只能使用which的情况: 1.引导非限制性定语从句，用which。 2.在“介词＋关系代词”结构中，关系代词必须用which。 如：The house in which we live is very large. 我们住的房子非常大。 This is the reference book of which the teacher is speaking. 这就是老师正在谈及的那本参考书。 注意：如果介词不放在修饰事物的限定性定语从句的句首，which就可换为that，例如：This is the question which/that we've had so much discussion about. =This is the question about which we've had so much discussion.
what引导名词性从句的五种用法 一、用法归纳 1. 表示“……的东西或事情”： They’ve done what they can to help her. 他们已经尽力帮助了她。 He saves what he earns. 他赚多少，积蓄多少。 What Mary is is the secretary. 玛丽的职务是秘书。 2. 表示“……的人或的样子”： He is no longer what he was. 他已经不是以前的那个样子。 He is what is generally called a traitor. 他就是人们通常所说的叛徒。 Who is it that has made Fred what he is now? 是谁把弗雷德培养成现在这个样子的？ 3. 表示“……的数量或数目”： Our income is now double what it was ten years ago. 我们现在的收入是10年前的两倍。 The number of the students in our school is ten times what it was before liberation. 现在我校学生的数量是解放前的10倍。 4. 表示“……的时间”： After what seemed like hours he came out with a bitter smile. 似乎过了几个小时他才苦笑着出来。 The young girl was too frightened to speak, standing there for what seemed like hours. 小女孩吓得不敢说话，在那儿站了几个小时。 5. 表示“……的地方”： This is what they call Salt Lake City. 这就是他们称为盐湖城的地方。 In 1492, Columbus reached what is now called America. 1492年哥伦布到达了现在所称的美洲大陆。 二、用法说明 (1) 这样用的what相当于“先行词+关系代词”，所以其前不能有先行词： 你喜欢什么就拿什么吧。 正：You can have what you like. / You can have everything (that) you like. 误：You can have everything what you like. (2) 有时what 可用作限定词，其后修饰一个名词： I gave him what books I had. 我把我所有的书都给他了。 He gave me what money he had about him. 他把身边带有的钱全给了我。 (3) What 后的名词可以是复数名词或不可数名词，但通常不能是单数可数名词： 误：I gave him what book I had.
THAT用法总结 第一、that 用作形容词（后接复数名词时用those） 它用来指已被提到的人或物；也可表对比，指两个中较远的那个。 What about that book you borrowed from me last month？ 请注意，that 有时候在句子中具有喜欢或轻蔑等感情色彩。 that little son of his 他那个小宝贝儿子 That George！乔治那家伙！（含有轻蔑语气） 第二、that 用作代词。 1. that 用作指示代词（复数形式是those），其指代意义同形容词用法，同时它还可以用作定语从句中的先行词；还可为了避免重复，代替前述名词。 .that用来替代前面提到的特指的事物,所代替的名词可以是可数名词,也可以是不可数名词.代替可数名词可以用the one替换.但其前面不可用任何限定词修饰.例如: 1)The population of China is larger than that of Japan.(that代替不可数名词population,不可用the one替换) 2)The headteacher in your class is younger and more active than that in theirs.(that代替可数名词headteacher,可用the one替换) that 代替指物的单数可数名词或抽象不可数名词，一般是特指的 those 代替指人或指物的复数名词，一般是特指的=the ones one 代替指人或指物的单数可数名词，一般是泛指的 ones 代替指人或指物的复数名词，一般是泛指的 That is what he told me. What is that (which) you have got in your hand? The price of rice is higher than that of flour. 2. that 用作关系代词，引导限制性定语从句。先行词可人可物，用法相当于who或which。（但是在下列情况下多用that：先行词既有人又有物时；先行词有形容词最高级、序数词、不定代词、very，only等修饰时；先行词是不定代词时）He talked about the teachers and schools that he had visited. I think it one of the most wonderful films that the film company has ever produced. She has little information that is useful for our research. Is there anything that I can do for you? 请注意，that 在定语从句中作宾语时通常可省略。 The books (that) I sent you will help you in your studies. 第三、that 用作连词，引导名词性从句,状语从句和强调句。 1. that名词性从句。 ①引导宾语从句。及物动词后的引导词that可省略。 I didn't expect (that) he could win the championship. The teacher pointed out that Tom was not working hard enough.
what引导名词性从句 what引导主语从句 1. What David used to say was always new and worth hearing and all his pupils loved him. 2. What makes the book so special is the name of the writer. 3. What impresses me about his painting is the colors he uses. 4. What you said at the meeting describes a bright future for the company. 5. What is important is that we let others know we care about them. 解析考查主语从句的引导词。根据句子结构可知，系动词is前的句子缺少主语，表示“重要的事情”要用what。 6. What some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others. 意思：一些人看作是缺点的东西却被许多其他的人看作优点. 7. What struck me most in the movie was the father's deep love for his son. 解析本题考查主语从句。句意：这部电影让我最感动的地方就是父亲对儿子的深深的爱。主句谓语动词was之前为主语从句，其中缺少主语指事物，故使用代词what。
What引导宾语从句 1.I’m interested in what you’ve sai d. (介词后的宾语从句) 2. Tina is much more confident behind the wheel than what she was when she started. (介词后的宾语从句) 3. If you swim in a river or lake, be sure to investigate what is below the water surface. Often there are rocks or branches hidden in the water. 解析如果你在河里或湖里游泳的话，务必调查清楚水面之下有什么。水中经常隐藏着石头或树枝。根据后面rocks and branches可知，此处要用what来引导。 4. Reading her biography，I was lost in admiration for what Doris Lessing had achieved in literature. 解析句意：读了多丽丝·莱辛的传记，我很钦佩她在文学上获得的成就。考查名词性从句。考查宾语从句的连接词。在介词for后的是宾语从句，从句中缺少achieve的宾语，故用what引导。(介词后的宾语从句) 5. Pick yourself up.Courage is doing what you're afraid to do. 解析考查名词性从句。句意：跌倒后再站起来。勇气是做你不敢做的事情。这里含有一个宾语从句，引导词在从句中作do的宾语，所以用what。 6. It is difficult for us to imagine what life was like for slaves in the ancient world.
名词性从句高考题及解析 一、高考焦点指南在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句。它包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。名词性从句是中学阶段的一个重要语法项目，在历年的高考中几乎都涉及到，并且每年的命题各有变化。分析历届高考试题名词性从句考查的焦点主要有以下六个方面 1. 考查名词性从句的语序问题 高考真题例示： 例1. The photographs will show you ____．（MET1989） A. what does our village look like B. what our village looks like C. how does our village look like D. how our village looks like 例2. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see ___________. (NMET2000) A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is 例3. Can you make sure ______ the gold ring? (NMET1990) A. where Alice had put B. where did Alice put C. where Alice has put D. where has Alice put 例4. He asked ________ for the violin. (NMET1991) A. did I pay how much B. I paid how much C. how much did I pay D. how much I paid 2. 考查引导词that与what的区别 高考真题例示： 例1. ______we can’t get seems better than ______we have. (NMET1996) A. What; what B. What; that C. That; that D. That; what 例2. No one can be sure _____ in a million years. (MET1991) A. what man will look like B. what will man look like C. man will look like what D. what look will man like 例3. _______ you have done might do harm to other people. (MET 1987) A. That B. What C. Whether D. How 例4. _______ you don't like him is none of my business. (上海1992) A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether 3. 考查it在名词性从句中作形式主语或形式宾语的用法 高考真题例示： 例1. _____ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. (NMET1995) A. There B. This C. That D. It
that和which引导的定语从句：微习题 用which 或that填空： 1. You should hand in all _________you have. 2.Please send us all the information ________you have about the candidate for the position. 3. What is the first American film _______you have seen? 4.The first place________ they visited in London was the Big Ben. 5. This is the best________ has been used against pollution. 6.This is the most exciting film _______I ever seen. 7. They talked about the persons and things ______ they remembered at school. 8. Which is the T-shirt _______ fits me most? 9. That is the very book _____he is looking for. 10.He is the only man _______ can do the work. 11. Tom was late for work again this morning，_______ made the boss angry. 12. Football, ________is a very interesting game, is played all over the world. 13. This is the place in _______ Lu Xun used to live. 14. The chair on ______ she sat is made of wood. 15. He lived in a big house, in front of _______ stood a big tall tree. 答案： 1. that 2. that 3. that 4.that 5. that 6. that 7. that 8. that 9. that 10. that 11. which 12. which 13. which 14. which 15. which
What引导的名词性从句 what引导的名词性从句在中学教材中出现频率极高，也是高考的重要考点之一，所以由其引导名词性从句的用法应引起我们足够的重视。本文将从以下几个方面来谈谈如何掌握好这一重要语法： 一. 要掌握好what在句子中的语义。 1. 表示“……的人”，相当于the person that…。如： He is not what he was a few years ago. 他不是几年前的他了。 Who is it that has made Fred what he is now 是谁把弗雷德培养成现在这样一个人的 2. 表示“……的地方”，相当于the place that…。如： This is what they call Salt Lake City. 这就是他们称作盐湖城的地方。 What is now the North Sahara Desert was once a civilized world. 现在的撒哈拉沙漠的北部曾经是一个文明世界。 3. 表示“……的数目”，相当于the amount/number that…。如： Our income is now double what is was ten years ago. 我们现在的收入是十年前的两倍。 The number of the students in our school has reached as many as 20,000, ten times what it was before liberation. 现在我校学生多达2万人，是解放前的十倍。 4.表示“．．．．的时间”，相当于 a period of time that After what seemed to be a long time he come to life. 5. what的这种特殊含义可以根据句子的意思在翻译时灵活处理，不可千篇一律。例如：The color of the flower is different from what it was in the morning. 那朵花的颜色与早晨的不同。（what=the color that） 二. 要掌握好what引导名词性从句的类型。 1. 宾语从句（用作动词或介词的宾词）。例如： When you answer questions in a job interview，please remember the golden rule：Always give the monkey exactly what he wants. 求职面试时，请记住这条黄金定律：永远给予对方确实想要的东西。 2. 主语从句。例如： What he said at the meeting astonished everybody present.他在会上说的话令每个与会者震惊。 3. 表语从句。例如： Perseverance is a kind of quality and that’s what it takes to do anything well. 坚定不移是一种品质——能使人做好任何事情。 Air is to us what water is to fish. 空气对于我们就像水对于鱼一样（重要）。 4. 同位语从句（用在idea, message等名词后）。例如。 I have no idea what we should do next. 我不知道下一步我们该干什么。 三. 要掌握好what引导的名词性从句的语序问题。
定语从句中 which,that 的用法与区别 只能使用that的情况： 1.当先行词是nothing, something, anything, all, each等不定代词时。 e.g. Do you have anything that is important to tell me? 2.当先行词被all, any, some, no, not, every, each等修饰时。 e.g. I have some books that are very good. 3.当先行词被形容词最高级、序数词(包括last, next等)所修饰时。 e.g. This is the first book that I bought mysel f. The biggest bird that I caught is this bird. 4.主句是以which或who开头的特殊疑问句时 e.g. Which is the bike that you lost? 为了避免重复时用that Who is the woman that was praised at the meeting. 5.当先行词在从句和主句中都作表语时,无论先行词是人还是物. China is no longer the country that she was. 6.如有两个定语从句,其中一个已用which引导,另一个宜用that . Edison built up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before. 7.在there be句型中,只用that. He asked for the latest book (that) there is on the subject. 8.当先行词被the very, the last, the next, the only，the same 等词修饰时。 e.g. This is the very book that I lost yesterday. 9.当先行词又有人又有物时。 e.g. I won’t forget the things and the persons that I saw. 10. 先行词被all, every, no, any, little, some, much等修饰时。 I’ve read all the books that are not mine. 只能使用which的情况。 1、非限制性定语从句(即通常用逗号与主句隔开，如果去掉逗号，整个句子仍能表达完整的意义的定语从句)中。 e.g. Mary has a book, which is very precious. 2、在介词之后。 e.g. This is a house in which lives an old man. 3、当主句中的主语被that修饰时。 e.g. That dog which I found in the street belongs to Mary. 4. 非限定性定语从句修饰的是前面的整个句子，而且关系代词和关系副词前面有逗号, 用which开始的定语从句修饰前面半句 e.g. He will wear no clothes, which will distinguish（区分，辨别）him from his fellow men.
what与whatever引导的从句 作者：佚名文章来源：本站原创点击数：777 更新时间：2014-6-28 what与whatever引导名词性从句的区别 what和whatever作为引导词来引导从句，它们之间到底有什么异同点？what只能引导名词性从句 ，如主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句，whatever既可以引导名词性从句，又可以引导让 步状语从句。 一、what引导名词性从句 what引导名词性从句时，可在主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中充当成分，其意思 主要有以下两种：一是含有疑问含义，表示“什么……”；二是相当于“名词/代词+关系代词引导的 定语从句”结构，意为“……的事情/东西/样子/颜色”等。 下面我们看看what在句中的意思以及相应的句子转换。 1. I have tried my best to do what I can to help him. 为了帮助他，我已经尽我的最大努力去做我所能做的事情。 what引导宾语从句，在句中相当于the thing that。 2. Before a problem can be solved，it must be obvious what the problem is. 在解决问题前，我们必须要弄清楚问题是什么。 it 为形式主语，what引导主语从句，且在从句中作表语，what在句中意为“什么”，表示疑问 。 3. Do you have any idea what is actually going on in the classroom？ 你知道教室里正在发生什么事情吗？ what引导同位语从句，此处what也表示疑问，意为“什么”，且what在从句中作主语。 4. —Are you still thinking about yesterday’s game？ —Oh，that’s ____. A. what makes me feel excited B. whatever I feel excited about C. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited
浅谈that在从句中的用法 摘要：that在英语中是一个非常常见的单词，它之所以常见，不仅仅是 因为它是一个在生活中常常要用到它，更因为它的用法相当的多。因此，同学们在使用that这个单词时，总会出现这样那样的问题，特别是that 在从句中的使用,更是令同学们常常模棱两可，分辨不清。 关键词：that 用法 1.主语从句2. 宾语从句 3. 表语从句 4.同位语从句 5. 目的状语从句6.定语从句 that在英语中是一个非常常见的单词，它之所以常见，不仅仅是因为它是一个在生活中常常要用到的字，更因为它的用法相当的多。因此，同学们在使用that这个单词时，总会出现这样那样的问题，特别是that在从句中的使用,更是令同学们常常模棱两可，分辨不清。但考试中又常出现，让我们和学生都比较头痛。我觉得要解决这个问题，首先要让学生弄清that在所引导的从句中它的词性，然后结合实例分析，这样学生就可一目了然了。具体来说，that可作连词或关系代词。具体的作用如下： 一．that引导主语从句(subject clauses)，在句中充当主语的成分。that在句中无实义，但放在句首时不能省略： a．that the attempt to save her had succeeded became widely known. b．that they did not tell us about their problems is a pity. 这种结构主要是对that从句的内容进行强调，属正式文体，that the attempt to save her had succeeded和that they did not tell us about their problems在句中都分别作了主语。但为了避免显得头重脚轻，常把that从句移到句子后面，而把it放在句首，作形式主语，此时that可以省。上面两个句子就可改为: a. it is widely known (that) the attempt to save her had succeeded b. it is a pity (that) they did not tell us about their problems.
名词性从句知识点梳理及经典练习(超详细)（word） 一、名词性从句 1．_____Macao has achieved shows _____"one country, two systems" principle is the best solution to the Macao and Hongkong question, left by history. A. That; what B. What; that C. What; what D. That; that 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：澳门取得的成就表明，“一国两制”原则是解决历史遗留下来的澳门和香港问题的最好办法。分析句子可知，_____Macao has achieved为主语从句，从句中achieve缺少宾语，所以第一个空用what来充当宾语。再分析句子可知，shows后接宾语从句，从句句意和结构完成，所以第二个空应填连接词that。故选B。 【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及what引导的主语从句和that引导的宾语从句。 2．________ the weather will not clear up until next week is bad news for us. A. As B. If C. Whether D. That 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】考查主语从句。句意：直到下周天气才放晴，这对我们来说是坏消息。此处是that引导的主语从句，that无实义，只其引导作用，故答案为D。 【点评】主语从句属于名词性从句，在名词性从句中，that无实义，只起连接作用，不做句子成分；if/whether起连接作用，不做句子成分，有实义“是否”。做题时注意看从句是否少成分。 3．______ amazed the NBA world is ______ Kobe Bryant scored 81 points just in one game. A. That, what B. What, that C. That, that D. What, what 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：使NBA世界惊讶的是Kobe Bryant在一场比赛中得了81分。根据句意可知，句子主语是一个主语从句，引导词即起引导作用又要做从句的一个成分，所以第一空填What；第二空是that引导的表语从句，只起引导作用，故选B。 【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及关系代词what引导的主语从句和表语从句的应用。 4．______ is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger, more prosperous economy. A. Which B. What C. It D. As 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：医疗保健的进步将促进一个更强大、更繁荣的经济，这是我们的信念。that引导的是主语从句，故空格处应该用it作形式主语，代替真正的that引导的主语从句。故答案选C。 【点评】考查it的用法，以及主语从句的应用。 5．They lost their way in the forest, and ________ made matters worse was that night began to
that 引导的定语从句的用法 篇一：高一英语知识点：that 引导的定语从句的用法 高一英语知识点：that 引导的定语从句的用法 关系代词 that 可以引导限定性定语从句，修饰代表人或事物的先行词，但不能用于引导 非限定性定语从句。that 可以充当从句的主语、宾语、表语。例如： Thebagthatliesonthegroundishers.地上的那个包是她的。 (关系代词 that 修饰 bag 的定语从 句中充当主语) TheoldmanthatIvisitedyesterdayismyteacher. 我昨天拜访的那个老人是我的老师。(关系代 词 that 在修饰 man 的定语从句中充当宾语) 在先行词是事物的限定性定语从句中，that 和 which 一般可互换，但在下列情况下不可 以互换： 1.只能用 that，不能用 which 作先行词的情况 (1) 先行词是不定代词或者先行词被不定代词所修饰时，关系代词通常只用 that，不用 which。例如： ①That is all thatIknow.我知道的就这些。 ②Isthereanythingthatyouwanttobuyintown?你有什么东西要在城里买吗? ③Nothingthattheteacherdoesdoesn’tinfluencehisstudents. 老师所做的事情没有不影响到 学生的。 (2)先行词被序数词、形容词最高级、theonly,thevery,thelast 等修饰时，关系代词通常只 用 that，不用 which。例如： ①ThefirstEnglishnovelthatIreadwasCities.我读的第一本英文小说是《城市》。 ②ThisisoneofthemostexcitingfootballgamesthatIhaveeverseen. 这是我见过的最激动人心 的足球比赛之一。 ③Thisistheonlythingthatwecandonow.这是我们现在惟一能做的事情。 (3)先行词既有人又有物时，关系代词只用 that，不用 which。例如： ①Thescientistandhisachievementsthatyoutoldmeaboutareadmiredbyusall. 我们所有人都钦 佩你告诉我的那位科学家和他所取得的成就。 ②TheforeignvisitorsspokehighlyofthepioneersandtheirperformancesthattheysawattheChildren’sP alace.外国游客高度赞扬了他们在少年宫所看到的少先队员以及他们的表演。 (4)关系代词在限定性定语从句中作表语并带有类比含义时， 通常只用 that， 不用 which。 例如： ①Heisnolongerthestarthathewas.他不再是过去的那位明星了。 ②Ourschoolisnolongertheschoolthatitusedtobe.我们的学校不再是以前的那所学校了。 1 / 10
what引导名词性从句的五种用法(高考语法要点) 注意：请你在what引导的从句下面划线，并指出其充当的成分。 一、用法归纳 1. 表示“……的东西或事情”相当于the things that…：例如： They’ve done what they can to help her. 他们已经尽力帮助了她。 He saves what he earns. 他赚多少，积蓄多少。 What Mary is is the secretary. 玛丽的职务是秘书。 2. 表示“……的人或的样子”相当于the per son that…。如： He is no longer what he was. 他已经不是以前的那个样子。 He is what is generally called a traitor. 他就是人们通常所说的叛徒。 Who is it that has made Fred what he is now? 是谁把弗雷德培养成现在这个样子的？ 3. 表示“……的数量或数目”相当于the amount/number that…。如：： Our income is now double what it was ten years ago. 我们现在的收入是10年前的两倍。 The number of the students in our school is ten times what it was before liberation. 现在我校学生的数量是解放前的10倍。 4. 表示“……的时间”相当于the time that…例如： After what seemed like hours he came out with a bitter smile.似乎过了几个小时他才苦笑着出来。 The young girl was too frightened to speak, standing there for what seemed like hours. 小女孩吓得不敢说话，在那儿站了几个小时。 5. 表示“……的地方”相当于the place that…。如： This is what they call Salt Lake City. 这就是他们称为盐湖城的地方。 In 1492, Columbus reached what is now called America. 1492年哥伦布到达了现在所称的美洲大陆。 What is now the North Sahara Desert was once a civilized world. 现在的撒哈拉沙漠的北部曾经是一个文明世界。 二、用法说明 (1) 这样用的what相当于“先行词+关系代词”，所以其前不能有先行词： 你喜欢什么就拿什么吧。 正：You can have what you like. / You can have everything (that) you like. 误：You can have everything what you like. (2) 有时what 可用作限定词，其后修饰一个名词： I gave him what books I had. 我把我所有的书都给他了。