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高考英语谓语动词的时态、被动语态和主谓一致考点1 谓语动词的时态一、谓语动词时态的种类1.一般现在时(1)一般现在时的构成1)一般现在时主要用动词原形表示,如果主语为第三人称单数,则一般在动词原形后加-s或-es,其变化规则如下表所示:2)be的变化:am,is,are。
3)have的变化:has,have。
(2)一般现在时的用法2.一般过去时(1)一般过去时的构成1)一般过去时用动词的过去式表示,其规则动词变化方法如下表所示:2)was用于第一、三人称单数,were用于其他情况。
3)注意以元音字母加y结尾的动词:规则变化是直接加-ed,如play→played;不规则变化是把y 改为id,如:pay→paid,say→said。
(2)一般过去时的用法3.一般将来时(1)一般将来时的构成(2)一般将来时的用法4.现在进行时(1)现在进行时的构成：is/am/are+现在分词(2)现在进行时的用法5.过去进行时(1)过去进行时的构成：was/were+现在分词(2)过去进行时的用法6.现在完成时(1)现在完成时的构成：has/have+过去分词(2)现在完成时的用法注意(1)瞬间动词若用于现在完成时且与表示一段时间的时间状语连用,需在谓语动词、时态或句型方面作相应变化。
如:他参军3年了。
(×)He has joined the army for 3 years.(√)He has been in the army for 3 years.(换动词)(√)He joined the army 3 years ago.(换时态)(√)It has been/is 3 years since he joined the army.(换句型)(2)部分瞬间动词(词组)与延续性动词(词组)对应表7.过去将来时(1)过去将来时的构成(2)过去将来时的用法8.将来进行时(1)将来进行时的构成：will/shall be doing(2)将来进行时的用法9.过去完成时(1)过去完成时的构成：had+过去分词(2)过去完成时的用法10.现在完成进行时(1)现在完成进行时的构成：have/has been doing(2)现在完成进行时的用法二、谓语动词时态的呼应1.主将从现2.含宾语从句的句子的时态一致问题(1)宾语从句中的动词时态常受主句谓语动词时态的制约,如果主句谓语动词为一般现在时或一般将来时,宾语从句中的谓语动词可以不受影响。
动词突破篇动词(短语)表示主语的动作、存在、变化或态度。
动词按照动词的意义可以分为实义动词、情态动词、系动词、助动词。
第一讲谓语动词的时态、语态和主谓一致动词时态历来是高考考查的重点。
动词时态考查虽多，但考向非常集中，最常考的是一般过去时和一般现在时，其次是现在完成时，其他时态考查相对较少。
因此备考重点是：①动词时态的基本用法②动词语态的基本用法③主谓一致动词时态的知识网络(以动词do为例)1.一般时态(1)一般现在时①表示经常或习惯性的动作，多用动作动词，且常与表频率的时间状语连用。
We have meals three times a day.我们一日吃三餐。
②表示客观真理、科学事实及自然现象。
The sun sets in the west.太阳从西方落下。
③在时间、条件状语从句中常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
I’ll write to her when I have time.有时间我会写信给她。
(2)一般过去时①表示过去发生的一次性或习惯性动作或状态。
We often played basketball together.我们(过去)经常在一起打篮球。
②时间、条件、让步状语从句中，若主句用了过去将来时，从句常用一般过去时。
He said he would tell her the news as soon as he met her.他说他一见到她就把这个消息告诉她。
单句语法填空①The 80，000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, formed (form) the core collection of the British Museum which/that opened in 1759.(2020·新高考卷Ⅰ语法填空)②The unmanned Chang’e－4 probe (探测器)—the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess—touched (touch) down last week in the South Pole－Aitken basin.(2020·全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)③When/As he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and pointed (point) down the river.(2020·全国卷Ⅲ语法填空)④New methods meant__(mean)that fewer people worked in farming.(2020·浙江卷语法填空)⑤While running regularly can’t make you live forever，the review says it is(be) more effective at lengthening life than walking，cycling or swimming.(2018·全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)⑥Sarah says，“My dad thinks I should take the offer now.But at the moment，school comes (come) first.I don’t want to get too absorbed in modeling.”(全国卷Ⅲ语法填空)2．进行时态(1)现在进行时(am/is/are＋现在分词)①表示说话时正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示现阶段正在进行的动作或存在的状态。
动词的时态、语态和主谓一致(一)动词的时态Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award，proud Irene declared (declare) she had no plans to retire from her 36yearold business.解析：首先确定该动词为主句的谓语动词；其次根据宾语从句的谓语动词had以及上下文的时态等为一般过去时，故该谓语动词应使用一般过去时；最后，主语和谓语动词之间构成主动关系。
2．(2019·北京卷)On the first day of my first grade，I stood by the door with butterflies in my stomach. I voiced (voice) my biggest concern to my mother.解析：考查动词的时态。
本句叙述的是过去的事情，用一般过去时，故填voiced。
3．(2019·北京卷)Does the name of the college you attend really matter？Research on the question suggests/suggested/has_suggested (suggest) that，for most students，it doesn't.解析：考查动词的时态。
本文的主题时态是一般现在时，主语是research，可以用suggests；又可以表示“研究已经表明了”，用现在完成时，可以填has suggested；又可以表示“研究过去表明了”，可以用一般过去时，填suggested。
4．(2019·浙江卷)One study in America found that students' grades improved (improve) a little after the school introduced uniforms.解析：考查时态和语态。
2023年高考英语考前必练谓语动词的时态语态（含近三年真题及解析）一、动词的时态特殊用法1.在时间、条件和让步状语从句中，如果主句谓语动词是一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。
如：We’ll have a picnic if it is fine next Sunday.如果下个星期日天气晴朗，我们将去野餐。
I’ll call you as soon as I get to Beijing tomorrow.我明天一到北京就给你打电话。
2.某些表示起始、往返、出发、到达之意的动词，可用一般现在时表示按规定、计划或安排将要发生的动作(此时一般都有一个表示未来时间的状语)。
这类动词有：begin, come, go, leave, start, arrive, end, stop, open, close等。
如：The meeting begins at 2:00 p.m. tomorrow.这个会议明天下午2点开始。
The next train leaves at 7 o’clock this evening.下一列火车将在今晚7点离开。
3.现在进行时与always, continually, forever等副词连用，表示反复出现或习惯性的动作，这种用法往往表达说话人的某种感情，如赞扬、遗憾、讨厌或不满等。
如：The rich woman is always laughing at the poor.这个有钱的夫人总是嘲笑穷人。
4.现在完成时中表示短暂动作的动词不能与for, since等引导的时间状语连用。
如与一段时间连用，要把瞬间动词转化为意思相近的延续性动词。
常见的变化有：特殊用法1.open,lock,write,read,sell,clean,wash,cut,drive等词作不及物动词时，它们的主语为物，可用主动语态表示被动意义。
如：This kind of pen writes very smoothly.这种钢笔写起来很流畅。
动词时态、语态和主谓一致高三英语一轮复习考点剖析-动词时态、语态和主谓一致考点一：考查过去进行时例1．I first met Lily five years ago. She ________ (work) as a nurse in a hospital at the time.【答案】was working【解析】考查时态。
句意：我五年前第一次见到莉莉。
她当时正在一所医院里做护士。
根据句意和时间状语at the time 可知，这里用过去进行时，强调过去某个时刻正在进行的动作，主语为she，谓语用单数。
故填was working。
考点二：考查一般过去时例2．He picked up his book and ________ reading even though it was already midnight. (continuous)【答案】continued【解析】考查时态。
句意：他拿起书继续阅读，尽管已经是午夜了。
所给单词continuous是形容词，表示“持续的”，分析句子机构，空处与picked并列作谓语，应用动词continue，表示“继续”，根据picked使用过去式形式可知，句子使用一般过去时，动词应用过去式形式continued。
故填continued。
考点三：考查现在进行时例3．—Hi, Jessy. Why are you going to work on foot today?—Well, my car ________. (repair)【答案】is being repaired【解析】考查时态和语态。
句意：——你好，杰西。
你今天为什么要步行去上班？——嗯，我的车正在修理。
根据句意提到步行上班可知，此处表示：车在修理中，时态用现在进行时，主语my car与repair(修理)之间为被动关系，所以用现在进行时的被动语态。
主语my car为单数，be动词用is。
考点四：考查现在完成时例4．The city ________ (recognize) as the musical capital of Europe since the 16th century, home to the likes of Mozart and Beethoven.【答案】has been recognized【解析】考查时态语态。
04 时态、语态和主谓一致考查要点及应对策略【考点精析】考点1一般时态1.一般现在时(do/does; am/is/are)(1)表示经常发生的、习惯性的、反复出现的动作或状态。
常与表示习惯的副词(词组)always, every time, now and then, occasionally, often, seldom,sometimes, usually, every day/night等连用。
(2)按时间表、时刻表、日程表等安排将要发生的动作,用一般现在时。
只限于go, arrive, leave, start, stay, return, begin, come等动词。
(3)表示普遍真理。
(4)用在时间、条件或让步状语从句中,用一般现在时表示将来。
He plays basketball every day.The film starts at two o’clock.The earth goes round the sun.If you look at all sides of the situation, you’ll probably find a solution that suits everyone.2.一般过去时(did; was/were)(1)表示过去某个时间发生的动作或情况。
(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partner”.(2)表示过去的习惯性动作。
注意：used to do表示“过去常常做……”We used to go there every year.We often played together when we were children.—Haven’t seen you for ages! Where have you been?—I went to Ningxia and stayed there for three years, teaching as a volunteer.考点2进行时态1.现在进行时(am/is/are doing)(1)表示说话时正在进行或表示现阶段正在进行的动作,虽然此时此刻该动作不一定正在进行。
专题08 动词的时态和语态（二）养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。
1.（湖南省炎德名校2023-2024学年高三试题）The sense of calm, well-being and pleasure thatI feel when I’m hearing birdsong (support) by research.【答案】is supported【解析】考查时态语态。
句意：当我听到鸟鸣时，我所感受到的平静、幸福和快乐的感觉是有研究支持的。
主语与谓语构成被动关系，且陈述客观事实用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为The sense of calm, well-being and pleasure，谓语用单数。
故填is supported。
2.（湖南省炎德名校2023-2024学年高三试题）So, when you take a walk outdoors or go for a hike, (listen) for the birds that share your space.【答案】listen【解析】考查动词。
句意：所以，当你在户外散步或徒步旅行时，听听与你共享空间的鸟类的叫声。
此处主句为肯定祈使句，句首动词用原形。
故填listen。
3.（湖南省益阳市南县第一中学2023-2024学年高三试题）As we know, China’s Belt and Road【答案】has motivated【解析】考查谓语动词。
句意：我们知道，到目前为止，中国的“一带一路”倡议已经激励了更多的国家进行更密切的合作。
句子有so far作时间状语，谓语用现在完成时，主语是China’s Belt and Road Initiative，谓语用第三人称单数形式，助动词用has。
动词的时态和语态时态：时态主动被动一般现在时do/does; am/is/are am/is/are done一般过去时did; was/were was/were done 一般将来时will/shall do will/shall be done过去将来时would/should dowas/were going to dowas/were(about)to dowould/should be donewas/were going to be donewas/were(about)to be done现在进行时am/is/are doing am/is/are being done过去进行时was/were doing was/were be ing done将来进行时will/shall be doing现在完成时have/has done have/has been done过去完成时had done had been done将来完成时will have done will have been done2.必备知识考点一一般时知识点1一般现在时1.表示经常性的动作，常与usually，always，often，sometimes，never，every day等表示频度的时间状语连用。
2.表示客观真理、格言或者警句等。
3.表示按规定、时间表、计划或安排要发生的动作。
动词come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return, live, fly等，常用一般现在时表示将来发生的动作。
4.在时间、条件等状语从句中常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
5.以here/there开头引导的倒装句，表示正在发生的动作/状态6.用于文章标题、图片说明、电影说明、戏剧内容及场景解说等。
知识点2一般过去时1. 表示在过去发生的一次性动作或习惯性动作或存在的状态，常用yesterday，last year，in 1995，the other day等作时间状语。
（完整版）高考英语专题复习主谓一致（附答案）.doc高考英语专题复习主谓一致（附答案）I.考点分析一、概述主谓一致是指句子成分之间或词语之间在人称、性、数等方面的一致关系。
处理主谓一致一般应遵循以下三条原则：1.语法一致，即在语法形式上取得一致。
例如，主语为单数形式，谓语动词也为单数形式；主语为复数形式，谓语动词也采取复数形式。
a. The number of errors was surprising.b. Julia and her twin sister naturally look a lot alike.2.意义一致，即从意义着眼处理一致关系。
a. The crowd were fighting for their lives. (单形名词主语要求复数谓语动词，下划线部分表示一个整体中的成员 )b. Five minutes is enough. ( 复数名词单数谓语动词，下划线部分表示一个数目)3.邻近原则，即指谓语动词的形式与邻近的名词一致。
a. A man of abilities are needed（.动词 are 不与主语 a man一致，而与其邻近的复形名词a bilities 形式上一致。
二、主谓一致注意要点：1.当名词词组中心词为表示度量、时间等复数名词时，往往可根据意义一致的原则，把这些复数名词看作一个整体，谓语动词采取单数形式。
a. The dollars is not enough.b. Three months passes in no time at all on the ranch.如果明显地指一个个个体，则要根据语法一致地原则，谓语动词用复数形式。
a. There are two sliver dollars in each of the stockings.2.如果名词词组中心词是all, most, half, the last, the rest, the remainder等词组时，其主谓关系一般遵循意义一致的原则：如所指为复数意义，谓语动词用复数形式；如所指为单数意义，则谓语动词用单数形式。
专题08 谓语动词的时态、语态与主谓一致组合练养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。
总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。
在这个时候，学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。
英语最后的复习要树立信心，考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”，遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。
越到最后，考生越要回归基础，单词最好再梳理一遍，这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。
另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。
Passage 1阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
51 we move forward into the new era, innovation has become the 52 (driver) force behind the rapid development of China and the rest of the world. From technological advancements to business models 53 are changing the game, we’re seeing new ideas come to 54 (fruit) every day. However, this fast-paced innovation is not without its challenges. One of the biggest hurdles we face is ensuring that everyone is able to benefit from these changes.To tackle this issue, we need to focus on two main areas: education and inclusion. By investing in education, we can ensure that everyone has the skills and knowledge necessary to compete in the new economy. This means 55 (provide) access to quality education for all, regardless of their background or socioeconomic status. We also need to focus on creating inclusive systems that promote 56 (diversify) and equal opportunity so that no one is left behind.Beyond education and inclusion, we ought to shift our mindset towards innovation. Innovation is not just about creating the next big thing, it’s also about solving real-world problems and improving people’s lives. We need work together to create 57 culture of innovation that is grounded in a sense of social 58 (irresponsible).The new era where we are 59 (presentation) both challenges and opportunities for innovation. We must invest in education, promote inclusion, and shift our mindset towards innovation for the 60 (bettering) of society. Only then can we ensure that the benefits of these changes are shared by all.Passage 2阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Head of this year’s London Book Fair in March, media reported a rise in interest in translated works among British readers. For translator Anna Holmwood, this signals the 61 (arrive) of a new era.“This is a big moment for Chinese fiction abroad,” says Holmwood, 62 has translated Chinese literature for almost a decade.Her translation work, Legends of the Condor Heroes, a fantasy novel written by Jin Yong, and Liu Cixin’s science-fiction book, The Three Body Problem, are shown in a Nielsen report 63 examples of two of the most popular Chinese fiction works in Britain in 2018.“Languages in growing demand include Chinese and Arabic.” according to the Nielsen report. It found that, against the commonly 64 (see) “not more than 3 percent rule” of translated literature’s presence in the English-language book markets, the number for 2018 was 5.63 percent in Britain 65 the total annual sales was worth $27.1 million.Charlotte Collins, translator and co-chair of the British Translators Association, says: “As we can see, this proportion (比率) 66 (double) in recent years. This is 67 (true) exciting news.”The Guardian quotes (引用) Fiammetta Rocco, administrator of the Man Booker International Prize, “ 68 (read) fiction is one of the 69 (good) ways of putting ourselves in other people’s shoes. The rise in sales of translated fiction 70 (show) how hungry British readers are for terrific writing from other countries.”Passage 3阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
With his wrinkled fingers, Wang Qiming put traditional makeup on the faces of young performers before dawn, making final preparations for the shehuo parade (游行庆祝).The shehuo parade, a time-honored performance enjoying widespread 71 (popular) in rural areas across China, 72 (date) back to about 2, 000 years ago when sacrificial (祭祀的) activities were performed to pray for a good harvest. Later on, as dancing and singing became part of the parade, it developed into a folk custom 73 (stage) during the Spring Festival and Lantern Festival 74 (remove) bad luck and bring a fresh start in the new year.Wangmazui is in Longxian county, 75 (previous) known as Long Zhou, which is famous for shehuo parades 76 (feature) authentic performances and simple yet delicate facial makeup. The county was named the hometown of shehuo performances by the Chinese Folk Literature and Art Association in 2013.More than 100 shehuo festivities are held in Longxian every year, each of 77 involves dozens or hundreds of villagers. Participants usually perform on horses 78 pickup trucks, showing different(ceremony).In recent years, Tomb-Sweeping Day 98 (become) a more commercialized holiday, with many companies offering products and services 99 (relate) to tomb-sweeping, such as online tomb-sweeping platforms, and other products.Despite these changes, Tomb-Sweeping Day remains an important 100 (culture) holiday in China, and a time for families to come together to remember and honor their ancestors.对高三学生而言，就是要通过训练转化为学生的答题能力。
