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高考英语动词知识点易错题汇编及答案解析(4)一、选择题1．It's said that our mental abilities begin to _______ from the age 27 after reaching the highest level at 22.A．differ B．depress C．distribute D．decline2．One of the secretary’s jobs is to ___________ letters and mails.A．help out B．dry out C．sort out D．stick out3．If you can ________ to something, you can change in order to make the situation better. A．adapt B．addict C．adopt D．appeal4．______himself to alcohol,the man seldom cared about his family.A．Adjusting B．Approaching C．Abandoning D．Acknowledging 5．A lot of dust has on the farm machines.A．brought up B．taken up C．built up D．picked up 6．Teenagers spend too much time on computer games.What’s worse, some of them can’t____________ their studies.A．get on B．concentrate on C．insist on D．hold on 7．Smiling and laughing has actually been shown to _________and stress.A．put on pressure B．fed up with C．relieve tension D．try out for 8．Have you already __________________ for the driver's education class? If so, we can learn driving course together this summer vocationA．put up B．sign up C．cheer up D．bring up 9．Several swimmers have been drowned in the sea recently. So I don’t _______of your going swimming alone.A．approve B．agree C．support D．admit10．All the students ________ laughter when John walked into the classroom like Donald Duck. A．burst into B．broke out C．burst out D．broke up 11．This dictionary, which I bought yesterday, has been highly______by my professor. A．acknowledged B．appealed C．recommended D．commanded 12．How could you ________ such a fantastic job when you have been out of work for months? A．turn off B．turn inC．turn down D．turn to13．As for his advantages, he has 20 years’ teaching experience to _______.A．draw on B．draw back C．draw up D．draw in14．The apartment s in the city center are always expensive. I can’t _____ one with all my money. A．take B．afford C．supply D．support15．We had lots of good applicants for the job, but one _________ from the rest.A．made out B．stood out C．picked out D．figured out16．I ________ you an apology for what I said this morning. Anyway, I meant no offence. A．owe B．make C．demand D．accept17．The ground is slippery.Hold on to the rope and don’t ________.A．put off B．turn up C．take apart D．let go18．My parents will not__________ my birt hday party if I don’t do well in my next test. A．agree with B．allow for C．approve of D．object to 19．The man was sentenced to prison for five years because he had _____ some national secrets to the enemy.A．given in B．given away C．given out D．given off 20．After graduation, Jane_________ her job as a volunteer teacher in the countryside.A．set out B．set up C．took up D．took over 21．The present situation is very complex, so I think it will take me some time to ____________ its reality.A．make up B．figure outC．look through D．put off22．If you have any questions, please do not____________ to ask your teachers.A．suffer B．hesitate C．attack D．ensure23．Only one child of the thirty passengers in the plane _____ after the air crash. A．survived B．starved C．shouted D．shook24．With winter _____, the weather gets colder and colder.A．appearing B．approaching C．leaving D．passing25．---Why did the police _____ the crowd?---Because the presidents car ____ in the street.A．break down, broke down B．break up, broke upC．break down, broke up D．break up, broke down【参考答案】***试卷处理标记，请不要删除一、选择题1．D解析：D【解析】【分析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。
2020年高考语法考点讲解与真题分析13虚拟语气虚拟语气表示与事实相反的假设。
高考对虚拟语气的考查主要在于条件句、含蓄条件句、名词性从句和其他一些从句中。
考生应当熟悉使用虚拟语气的各种情况，并牢记不同情况下虚拟语气的动词形式。
考点一用于条件句虚拟条件句可表示与现在、过去或将来事实相反，从句和主句谓语动词根据不同的时间，用不同的形式。
1. They might have found a better hotel if they _________ a few more kilometers. （2018北京）A. droveB. would driveC. were to driveD. had driven【答案】D【解析】由语境可知，主、从句都表示与过去事实相反，故从句用过去完成时。
2. If the new safety system _______ to use, the accident would never have happened.（2017北京）A. had been putB. were putC. should be putD. would be put【答案】A【解析】由语境可知，主、从句都表示与过去事实相反，故从句用过去完成时。
3. Why didn’t you tell me about your trouble last week? If you _______ me, I could have helped. （2016北京）A. toldB. had toldC. were to tellD. would tell【答案】B【解析】由last week可知，主、从句都表示与过去事实相反，故从句用过去完成时。
4. I was wearing a seatbelt. If I hadn’t been wearing one, I ________.（2016天津）A. were injuredB. would be injuredC. had been injuredD. would have been injured【答案】D【解析】主、从句都表示与过去事实相反，故主句用would have done。
第三讲谓语动词2013年-------2019年高考试卷考查谓语动词情况1.(2019·全国Ⅱ卷）Picking up her "Lifetime Achievement"award,proud Irene___________________(declare) she had no plans to retire from her 36-year-old business.【答案】declared2.(2019·全国Ⅱ卷）Our hosts shared many of their experiences___________________(recommend) wonderful places to eat, shop, and visit.【答案】recommended3.(2019·全国Ⅱ卷）I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends___________________(make)over the years.【答案】have made4.(2018·全国Ⅱ卷）The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005-when the government___________________a soil-testing program.【答案】started5.(2018·全国Ⅱ卷）True to a gorilla's unaggressive nature,the huge___________________(mean)me no real harm.He was just saying:"I'm king of this forest..."【答案】meant6..(2018·全国Ⅱ卷）Diets have changed in China-and so too has its top crop.Since2011,the country___________________(grow)more corn than rice.【答案】has grown7.(2018·全国Ⅱ卷）I quickly lower myself...so he doesn'tfeel ___________________(challenge)【答案】challenged考点一动词的时态和主谓一致8.(2017北京，24)——________________（do)you call that company to see how they think of our product yesterday?-Yes. They are happy with it.【答案】Did【解析】句意：——你昨天给那家公司打电话了解他们对我们的产品的看法了吗？——打了，他们很满意。
2020年高考英语二轮复习短文改错--谓语动词附答案第一讲谓语动词一、改正下列句子中的唯一错误：1.[湖北八校2019第一次联考]My hobby is collecting stamps.I had stamps from many countries, like England, Canada, China and other countries.【答案】.had→have【解析】根据上一句中的is可知，此处讲述的是现在的事情，应用一般现在时，故将had改为have2.[江西重点中学2020第一次联考]I will keep the habit of taking regular exercise, such as running, swimming and various ball games. During my holidays, I would travel to my dreamlands .【答案】.would→will【解析】根据上文I will keep可知，此处讲述将来的事情，应用一般将来时，故将would改为will3.[四川资阳2020二诊]With the help of several other students,Li Xiang, one of my best friends, put me on his back and head for the clinic immediately.【答案】.head→headed【解析】根据put me on his back可知，此处put为过去式，and连接两个并列的谓语动词，故将head改为headed。
4.[陕西汉中2019质检]The old woman didn't have any visitors.But every morning , a concerned and wise young nurse will go into her room. She didn't try to speak or ask questions of the old lady.【答案】.will→would【解析】根据上下文时态可知，第二句中will应改为would,此处表示“过去常常”，表示过去习惯性的动作。
专题12 被动语态易错点解题方法语态1. 语态是表示主语和动词之间语法及语义关系的动词形式，有主动语态和被动语态两种。
2.被动语态的构成：be +PP3.被动语态中主语是动作的承受者。
4.被动语态中的过去分词一般不带宾语.5.被动语态中主语补语是不定式时必带to.做语态题主要抓住动作的逻辑主语和不用于被动语态的动词，一切便迎刃而解。
1。
有些及物动词不表动作，eg.lack,become, suit,fit等而是表一种状态。
这时他们不用于被动语态。
eg. This new coat fits you.He lacks common sense.2. 联系动词不用被动，有些系动词主动表被动。
这时句子主语通常是物, 动词后的表语表示动作得出的结果。
eg. Roses smell sweet..The plan sounds perfect.3. 不定式做宾语，表语或状语时，常用主动表被动意义。
eg. There is a lot of work to do. (=to be done)Spanish is not too difficult to learn.4. 动名词的主动形式在need,want,require,deserve等动词后做宾语时，具有被动意义，相当于不定式的被动式，但多用动名词。
eg. The room wants cleaning.(=to be cleaned.)This wall requires repairing.The soldiers deserved praising.The voices and tenses of the Infinitive：1).It is an honor for me ______________( ask) to give a lecture here.[答案]：to be asked2).We thought it wrong for her ____________ ( punish).[答案]：to be punished3）. These goods are believed _________________ (ship) to the countryside yesterday.[答案]：to have been shipped4). Sorry _______________ ( not give ) you so much help.[答案]：not to have given◆典型陷阱真题分析◆1. "Do you like the material?" "Yes, it _____ very soft."A. is feelingB. feltC. feelsD. is felt【答案】C.【解析】此题容易误选D，想当然地根据"这布料摸起来很柔软"这一句意，认为"布料"应是"被摸"，所以feel 选用被动语态。
专题13 状语从句——精讲深剖一．语法填空1.（2019·新课标II卷）I don't see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friendsI have made over the years. I work not because I have to, ______ because I want to.”【答案】but【解析】考查并列连词。
根据句意逻辑可知，此处为转折关系，句意：我工作不是因为我不得不做，而是因为我想做。
此处用but与前文not 呼应，构成“不是……而是……”之意，故填but。
2.（2019·新课标III卷）On our way to the house，it was raining ______ hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take to get there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.【答案】so【解析】考查副词。
句意：在我们去那座房子的路上，雨下得如此大以至于我们不能不想还要多久才能到达那里。
“so…that…”意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。
故填so。
3．(2018·北京高考改编)________ we don't stop climate change, many animals and plants in the world will be gone.【答案】If【解析】句意：如果我们不阻止气候变化，世界上的许多动植物将会消失。
根据句意可知，此处应该用if 引导条件状语从句，表示主句内容发生的条件。
4．(2018·天津高考改编)Let's not pick these peaches until this weekend so _______ they get sweet enough to be eaten.【答案】that【解析】so that “以便；为了”，在此处引导目的状语从句。
完形填空题解题技巧一、要点精讲完形填空是高考英语中的一个重要综合性题型。
其设置的问题大致可分为三类：词语搭配、结构搭配和逻辑搭配。
这是一种考查学生语言能力，尤其是语篇层次上交际能力的较难题型。
通常情况下，完形填空题是一篇与高中英语教材篇目难度大致相当的短文，文中有20个单词被挖掉。
考生必须通读短文，通篇考虑，掌握其大意，综合运用所学的词汇、语法等知识，然后从所给的四个选项中选出最佳答案填空，使短文意思通顺，前后连贯，结构完整。
所选短文一般在300个单词左右，文章第一句一般不设空。
完形填空已经形成了明确的命题风格与题型特征，能够比较客观地反映考生运用英语知识的能力。
解题过程中，即要求考生熟练运用词汇的意义、用法、搭配及语法知识，又要求考生具备较强的阅读能力，能够根据上下文线索进行通篇考虑，而后做出正确判断。
解题技巧：1. 精读第一句完形填空文章的第一句话通常是没有空白的完整句子，而且第一句往往是文章的主题句(Topic Sentence)，或是含有主题词的句子，考生可以根据它来把握文章的中心思想，为下面答题奠定基础。
这里，首先我们要知道英文的主题句的特点。
一个有效的主题句应该有以下两个标准：1）Topic：主题或议题。
明确指示段落的内容，起到限定主题范围的作用。
2）Opinion：反映作者对待主题的观点、印象、态度，起到限定段落基调的作用。
知道了英文主题句的特点之后，我们在阅读完型填空文章的第一句话时，就不应该只是读懂其字面中文意思，而是要透过首句来预测文章的中心内容，为接下来做题把准方向。
2. 通读全文，掌握大意，理清各个角色，记述文一般有两个或多个角色，作者对不同角色的态度是不一样的，即便是他们做同样的事。
3. 从上下文寻找信息词完形填空所选的文章都是具有逻辑关系、意义相联的语篇，而词语的重复出现、同义词和反义词的使用是重要的连句成篇的词汇纽带，因此，在行文中不可避免地会出现词语的复现、前后同义词、反义词相互照应等现象。
2020 年高考英语真题/模拟题+答案+解析（动词的时态和语态及情态动词、虚拟语气）一、2020 年高考真题1\（2020·新课标III 卷语法填空）65（When/As）he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and 66．(point) down the river.【答案】pointed【解析】考查动词时态。
句意：当他问河岸上的村民，他在哪里可以找到这位传奇艺术家时，他们笑着指着河的下游。
根据上文they smiled and 可知此处应用一般过去时。
故填pointed。
2、（2020·浙江卷语法填空）And，as more children were born，morefood59．(need).【答案】was needed【解析】考查时态语态。
句意：随着越多的小孩出生，越多的食物被需要。
分析句子，逻辑主语和need 之间表示被动逻辑。
同时此处描述的是过去的时间，所以时态应用过去时。
故此处应用过去时的被动语态。
food 为不可数名词。
故填was needed。
3、（2020·浙江卷语法填空）By about 6000 BC，people 61．(discover)the best crops to grow and animals to raise.【答案】had discovered【解析】考查时态。
句意：大约在公元前6000 年，人们已经发现了最适宜种植的庄稼和最适宜饲养的牲畜。
分析句子，简单句中除了提示词外无其余动词，故此处需用动词的时态。
逻辑主语和提示词之间表示主动逻辑。
by + 过去时间译为“到..为止”，后面的句子用过去完成时。
故填had discovered.4、（2020·浙江卷语法填空）New methods 65．(mean)that fewer people worked infarming.【答案】meant【解析】考查时态。
专题15 短语动词易错点解题方法近年来高考对动词短语的考查主要是考查动词短语的意思，形式上可以是谓语动词，也可以是现在分词、过去分词或动名词。
考生只要弄懂题干的意思及各选项的意思，便可轻松答题。
考生要牢记常用的动词短语的意义及习惯搭配。
1. We didn’t plan our art exhibition like that but it _______ very well.A. worked outB. tried outC. went onD. carried out【答案】A.【解析】译文: 我们原来没有计划到展览像那个样，然而结果相当不错。
work out 解决，算出；结果try out (彻底)试验；go on 继续；carry out执行;实施正确答案应选A.2.When he realized the police had seen him, the man ______ the exit as quickly as possible.A. made offB. made forC. made outD. made up【答案】B.【解析】容易误选A。
正确答案应选B。
make for 意为“移向，走向”。
最具干扰性的选项是A，因为make off 的意思是“匆匆逃走”。
之所以不能选A，是因为make off 不及物，其后不能接宾语；而make for 是及物的，其后接宾语。
make out 指“勉强了解，开出(支票等)，成功”；make up 指"弥补，虚构，整理，编辑，化妆"。
3. Now and then they would ______ our house and have a talk with us.A. call onB. drop in atC. drop in onD. drop in【答案】B.【解析】几个干扰项均容易误选。
答案应选B。
drop in 意为“顺便走访，不预先通知的拜访”，为不及物动词，其后不接宾语，若要接宾语，遵循以下原则：表示拜访某人，后接介词on；表示拜访某地，后接介词at。
专题13 谓语动词易错点解题方法谓语动词：在英语中，动词按作用和功能主要分为两大类，一类是谓语动词，另一类是非谓语动词。
谓语动词指的是在句子中可以单独作谓语的动词，主要由实意动词充当。
谓语动词在形态变化上受主语的限制，有人称和数，时态，语态，主谓一致的变化，它是一个句子或一个从句中不可缺少的一部分。
英语句子的成分与现代汉语中的句子成分类似，基本构成也包含主、谓、宾，有时有补语、定语，状语，还有插入语，同位语等成分。
Larke likes the pop music.拉克喜欢流行音乐。
(动词用单数第三人称形式，作谓语)Larke has nothing to do today.拉克今天没什么事要做。
(has动词作谓语，to do 不定式作定语，说明nothing)现在高考更侧重词义的辨析和时态的变化及主谓一致等。
典型陷阱真题分析◆1. If you want to sell your product you must _____ it.A.advertiseB.advertise forC. advertise onD. advertise to【答案】C.【解析】容易误选B，认为advertise 的意思是“做广告”，advertise for 的意思“为……做广告”。
事实上，正确答案为A。
advertise 可用作及物和不及物动词：用作及物动词时，其意为“为……做广告”、“登广告宣传”；用作不及物动词时，其意为“做广告”、“登广告”，此时通常后接介词for，表示“做广告征求”。
比较：advertise for sth (sb) 登广告征求或寻找某物或某人(此时advertise 不及物)advertise sth 为……登广告，登广告宣传…(此时advertise 是及物动词，其后要直接跟被宣传的东西作宾语)People advertise things that they wish to sell. 人们为要卖的东西登广告。
The manager wants to advertise for a new secretary. 经理想登广告招聘一位新秘书。
再比较以下用例：advertise jobs 登广告招人；advertise for jobs 登广告求职2. No matter how much you’ve learned and how high a standard of education you have had, you must _______ the people heart and soul.A.serveB.serve forC. serve toD. serve on【答案】C.【解析】容易误选B，即字对字地翻译汉语的“全心全意为人民服务”，将其中的“为”译为for。
答案选A，serve 意为“为……服务”，可直接用作及物动词，其后不能按汉语意思误加介词for。
3. According to the rules, students must not ______ their books during examinations.A. readB. watchC. noticeD. look at【答案】 D.【解析】容易误选A。
因为按照英语一般习惯：看书看报用动词read，看电视用动词watch，看电影用动词see，看比赛用动词watch，看黑板用动词look at，等等。
一般说来，汉语的“看书”至少有两层意思，一是指阅读性地看书，即看书＝读书，此时通常用动词read；另一种看书则不是指阅读性地看书，而只是大概地翻一翻或看一看，比如看看书的封面、定价、内容提要等，或者回答问题时看看书的某些章节或字句以及考试时偷看书本等等，此时通常都不宜用动词read，而应根据情况选用其他动词(如look at)。
又如：Let me have a look at the book. 让我看看或翻翻这本书。
Please answer my questions without looking at your books. 请不看书回答我的问题。
4. “I love traveling. I hope to go with you this time.” “But does your mother __ you to go?”A. letB. agreeC. allowD. promise【答案】C.【解析】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
最佳答案为C。
不能选A是因为let 后用作宾语补足语的不定式不能带to；不能选B是因为动词agree 习惯上不用于agree sb to do sth 这一句式；不能选D是因为在promise sb to do sth 这一句式中，to do sth 的逻辑主语是promise 的主语而不是其宾语，比如He promised me to go 的意思是“他答应我，他去”，而不是“他答应我让我去”。
之所以能选C，是因为allow sb to do sth（允许某人做某事）与上文语境刚好吻合。
5.If they _______ to make heart-felt apologies soon we will have to bring an action against them.A. disagreedB. refusedC. agreedD. hoped【答案】B.【解析】容易误选A，根据agree to do sth(同意做某事)，想当然地类推出disagree to do sth(不同意或不愿意做某事)。
事实上，语言有很多问题是不能类推的。
如上面这一例，英语可说agree to do sth，但习惯上却不说disagree to do sth。
类似地，英语中可说like doing [to do] sth，但在现代英语中习惯上说dislike doing sth，却不说dislike to do sth。
所以上面一题的最佳答案是B，refuse to do sth 意为“拒绝做某事”或“不愿做某事”。
6. They own two cars, not to _____ a motorbike.A. speakB. sayC. talkD. mention【答案】 D.【解析】很容易根据“他们拥有两辆小汽车，更不用说一辆摩托车了”这一中文语境而选择B。
其实最佳答案为D。
因为not to say 和not to mention 均为习语，但其含义区别甚大：not to mention＝let alone 更不用说; not to say＝虽不能说，即使不能说.It is warm, not to say hot. 天气虽说不上热，但也够暖了。
He was impolite, not to say rude. 他即使不是粗鲁，至少也是没有礼貌。
There’re ten of us ready to help, not to mention the children. 我们有10个人愿意帮忙，还不算小孩。
They have three dogs to look after, not to mention the cat and the bird. 他们有三只狗要照顾，更别提那只猫和鸟了。
7. “Do your parents agree to your doing that?”“Yes, of course. In fact, they always ______ me to try something new.”A. hopeB. suggestC. supportD. encourage【答案】D.【解析】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
因为若仅从汉语意思来看，四个选项均可填入空格处。
【分析】其实此题的正解答案是D。
因为在以上四个选项中，只有encourage 可后接不定式的复合结构作宾语，即可用于encourage sb to do sth，而其余三者均不可后接不定式的复合结构作宾语，即英语中习惯上不说hope sb to do sth, suggest sb to do sth, support sb to do sth。
顺便说一句，以下英汉语表达也有类似差别.请注意：advise sb to do sth 建议某人做某事wish sb to do sth / hope for sb to do sth希望某人做某事arrnage for sb to do sth 安排某人做某事demand of sb to do sth 要求某人做某事thank sb for doing sth 感谢某人做了某事congratulate sb on doing sth 祝贺某人做了某事prevent sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事。
8. Nowadays everyone hopes to ______ good education so as to get a good job in the future.A. AcceptB. accept aC. receiveD. receive a【答案】D.【解析】容易误选A或B。
因为accept 与receive 的基本区别是前者表示“接受”，后者表示“收到”，而汉语通常是说“接受教育”，而不是说“收到教育”，所以选A或B，其实，此题的正确答案是D，因为英语中习惯说receive a good education，而不说accept a good education。
另外，education 表示抽象意义的“教育”时，不可数，但表示“一种教育”或“一段教育”时，常与不定冠词连用。
9. Wearing dark glasses can _______ your eyes from the sun.A. careB. preventC. defendD. protect【答案】D.【解析】容易误选B。
因为许多同学一看到题干中的from，再联系到选项中的prevent，便马上想起了pre vent … from … 这个常用搭配。
在prevent A from B 这一句式中，A 和B通常具有主谓关系，如在The rain prevented us from going out (下雨使我们不能出去)中，“我们”与“出去”就具有主谓关系。
而上面一题不具备此特点。
此题正确答案应是D，protect … from … 意为“保护……免受……”。
10. Mr. Smith was in great need of money, so he ____ $2 000 for his car.A. paidB. tookC. costD. spent【答案】B.【解析】容易误选A，误选的依据是pay … for … 这一搭配。
