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Unit 17 Laughter 语法篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________1、掌握过去完成进行时的用法||。
2、掌握并区分进行时态与非进行时态的用法||。
3、掌握过去完成进行时与现在完成进行时、过去完成时及过去进行时的区别||。
一. 过去完成进行时1. 定义：过去完成进行时是表示一个动作从过去某时开始||，一直延续到另一个过去时刻||，到那个时刻||，该动作可能刚刚终止||，也有可能还在继续||。
2. 构成：3. 用法：①过去完成进行时表示在过去某一时间之前一直进行着的动作||。
He said he had been standing in the wind all the morning. 他说他在风中站了一上午了||。
Before I worked in the factory||，I had been working as a secretary in the local government. 在我来这个工厂之前||，我一直在当地政府部门做秘书工作||。
②过去完成进行时表示过去某个确定的时间内反复进行的动作||。
"The man had been visiting your office several times before you arrived||，" Tom said to me. 汤姆对我说：“在你到来之前这个人已到过你的办公室好几次了||。
”③过去完成进行时表示到过去的某个时间点还在进行的动作||。
She told me that she had been writing letters since breakfast. 她告诉我她从吃过早饭就一直在写信||。
Unit 17 Laughter Describing and guessing(描述和猜测)【日常用语】(1)DescribingShe has short hair and her nose is very big.她留着短发，鼻子很大。
He is an outgoing boy and likes singing popular songs.他是个外向的男孩，喜欢唱流行歌曲。
When she was 18 years old, she was a beauty.她十八岁的时候是个美人。
(2) GuessingI guess that she's about 30.= I guess her to be about 30.我想她大概30岁。
He must have done it yesterday.他一定是昨天干的这事情。
It seems (that) he is lying. = He seems to be lying.他好像在撒谎。
It looks as if it's going to rain.好像要下雨。
You look as if you slept badly. 你看起来好像没有睡好觉。
【情景会话】George: I am absolutely certain I’m going to fail my Englishtest.我敢肯定，我英语考试不会及格的。
Ann: What makes you so sure and why are you so pessimistic?什么让你这么肯定?你为什么这么悲观呢?George: Because it is impossible to improve listening levelwithin a week. I’m not beingpessimistic. I’m beingrealistic.因为我不可能在一周之内提高听力水平。
知识讲座-Unit17 重点短语讲解Lesson1 核心短语1. burst out laughing突然笑起来[教材原句]Someone might burst out laughing when they understand a joke.有人在明白了一个笑话后会突然放声大笑。
①When the students heard what Mr. Wang said, they burst out laughing.当学生们听到王老师说的话时，他们突然大笑起来。
用法拓展：burst out crying/laughing 突然大哭/大笑起来(指感情突然爆发)burst into tears/laughter 突然大哭起来/大笑起来fall about laughing 放声大笑注意：burst into 与burst out 两者都可表示“突然进入某种状态或发生某种情况”，但burst into后通常要接名词，而burst out后通常接动名词。
③Nick's a born clown.. Just the sight of him is enough to make you fall about laughing.尼克天生一副丑相，看他一眼你就会忍不住大笑。
2. cash a check 兑现支票[教材原句]I suddenly realized I didn't have any money left so I quickly went to the bank to cash a check.我突然发现身上没钱了，所以马上去银行，把支票兑换成现金。
①I was wondering whether you could cash my traveler's checks here?我想知道，在这儿你是否可以把我的旅行支票兑成现金？用法拓展：cash in (on sth.) (靠不正当手段)赚钱；利用cash sth. in 把(保险单等)兑成现金pay cash 付现金；当场付款pay in cash 用现金付账②The shops are cashing in on temporary shortages by raising prices.3. push one’s way挤出去，挤着前进①Try and push your way through the crowd or you won't get his signature.试着从人群中挤过去，否则你不会得到他的签名。
北师大版选修6 Unit 17 Laughter知识点归纳知识点一：重点词语1.burst out laughing突然大笑2.after all毕竟，终究3.withdraw money from a bank从银行中提款4.overlook one’s opinion忽略……的意见5.yell out朝……大叫6.feel down情绪低落7.be involved in与……有关，涉及8.set sail (for)出航；起程9.put on假装；穿上；增加10.dress up盛装；打扮11.make up编造；弥补12.regardless of不管，不顾13.result in造成，导致引起14.devote... to...把…奉献给15.get rid of摆脱，处理掉16.play around四处玩耍17.fool around胡闹，瞎弄18.cash a cheque兑现支票19.wait one’s turn排队等候20.push one’s way挤出一条路21.a series of一系列；一连串22.busy oneself doing使自己忙于23.in for a surprise大吃一惊24.earn a scholarship获得奖学金25.make out理解；辨别出26.in the presence of当着……的面27.make an attempt to do试图；努力28.no wonder难怪29.from time to time不时地30.boarding school寄宿学校知识点二：核心单词1.amuse vt. 逗乐，使（某人）笑⏹用法：amuse 用作及物动词，常接sb/oneself作宾语。
✧He thought of various activities to amuse the baby till bedtime.他想出各种活动来逗宝宝开心直到上床睡觉。
Unit 17 LaughterⅠ.单词—在语境中默写，在联想中积累[写得准] [用得活] [积得多]1.withdraw vt. 提取；撤退2.overlook vt. 忽视3.forgetful adj. 健忘的4.clarify vt. 澄清，讲清楚5.delay n. 延误，延期6.acknowledge vt. 认可，承认7.figure n. 人物8.scold vt. 骂，责骂9.forbid vt. 禁止，不准10.obtain vt. 得到，获得11.starve vi. 挨饿，饿死12.tough adj. 艰难的；不幸的；强壮的，强健的13.politician n．政治家→political adj. 政治的→politics n．政治14.amuse vt.逗乐，使(某人)笑→amusement n．娱乐，消遣；快乐的事→amused adj.娱乐的，觉得好笑的→amusing adj.逗人笑的，好笑的15.response n．回答→respond v．回答，答复16.harmony n．协调，和谐→harmonious adj.和谐的，协调的用所给词的适当形式填空1.The Apollo program was notso much a scientificachievement as a technicalaccomplishment(accomplish)．2.Grandfather is forgetful(forget) and often repeatshimself when he tells astory.3.He was disgusted(disgust) to see suchterrible living conditions.4.There has been a lot ofresistance (resist) to thisnew law.5.If it's a legal matter youneed to seek professional(profession) advice.6.Seeing the scary film,Mary was almost scared todeath.(scare)7.She becomes more and moredesperate in the days ofdesperation,_but she stillsaves the situationdesperately.(desperate)1.“金融”相关词荟萃①account n．账目；账户②budget n. 预算(案)③capital n. 资金；资本④cheque n. 支票⑤interest n. 利息⑥withdraw vt. 提取2.“推迟，耽搁”词汇小聚①delay ③hold up②postpone ④put off3.fy结尾动词集汇①clarify 澄清②simplify 简化③beautify 美化④classify 分类⑤purify 净化⑥satisfy 使满意⑦terrify 恐吓⑧qualify 使具备资格4.由figure想到的①VIP 重要人物②a historical figure 历史人物③a heroic figure 英雄人物④typical character 典型人物Ⅱ.短语—在应用中记牢，在归纳中记多2.While still at primary school, Rowan had alreadyshown admirable acting talent.还在上小学时，罗恩就已经表现出令人赞叹的表演天赋。
【短语·典句·考点】1.burst into laughing 突然大笑起来【经典例句】When the students heard what Mr. Wang said, they burst into laughing.当学生们听到王老师说的，突然大笑起来。
【考点聚焦】1）burst的过去式和过去分词形式相同。
2）burst into laughing作“突然大笑起来”讲时，表示一种情绪的爆发。
如：The students burst out laughing when they heard what Mr. Zhang said.当学生们听到张老师说的，他们突然大笑起来。
3）还有于下列短语:burst into crying突然大哭起来burst into 闯入,burst out突然发作burst through突然穿过burst with 突然产生某种情绪是及物动词，4）burst也可以用作名词，a burst of laughter 突发的笑声【活学活用】单项填空1)They burst out laughing when she burst the door with coldon her face.A. throughB. outC. offD. down2)(上海卷46). Hospital staff burst into cheers after doctors completeda 20-hours operation to have __________ one-year-old twins at the head.A. isolatedB. separatedC.divided C. removed答案： 1）A 2）D2. wait in line 排队【经典例句】Standing in line for things is a kind of good manners排队买东西是一种礼貌行为。
【考点聚焦】1）同义短语：stand in line排队2）line用作动词：画线，排成行，排列。
wait in line排队 The poor boys and girls are waiting in line for their turns to accept water.那些可怜的孩子们正在排队等着接水。
3） line up排成行，排成列。
例如：People lined the streets to see the famous man go past. 人们站在街道两旁看那位著名人士走过。
4）牢记以line构成的短语：in line 成一直线，成一排in line with 与……一致，与……符合in line for 即将得到out of line 不成一直线，不一致，出格on line 联机的，在线的line up （使）排成行，（使）排队【活学活用】利用line的短语填空：1)There is at the ticket office.2)While I was at the cash register（收款台）, I said hello toan older couple who were also paying for gas.3)The British are always patient when they .答案： 1）a long line 2）waiting in line 3）wait in line3. get rid of 处理掉，摆脱【经典例句】You are supposed to get rid of carelessness, for it often leads toterrible errors.你们一定要克服粗枝大叶,因为粗枝大叶常常引起恐怕的错误。
【考点聚焦】1）反义词：form 形成， develop形成，发展2)get rid of 作“理掉，摆脱”讲，表示动作，后面常常接某种习惯和团体。
=do away with=break away from3)be rid of作“摆脱; 除掉,”讲时，表示状态。
They are rid of the organization for three years. 他们脱离那个组织已经3了。
4)rid oneself of作“摆脱，驱除”讲时，是及物动词，常接表示“物”的名词作宾语。
如：He was finally able to rid himself of all financialworries.他终于能使自己摆脱所有的财政忧虑【活学活用】用不定式完成下面的句子：1) Is it because their singing helps their fears that birds keepon singing at nesting season?2) He did all he could to call on people water-related diseasesin developing countries答案： 1） get rid of 2）to get rid of4. from time to time 不时地【经典例句】Teachers should remind his students to read English texts aloud fromtime to time.老师们应该不时地提醒他的学生们大声读英语课文。
【考点聚焦】1）from time to time作“不时地”讲时，是频率副词, 作状语。
It is fun that he goes fishing from time to time.他不时去钓鱼是一种乐趣。
2）下面的短语都可以表示“不时地”：every now and then，now and then,a little now and a little then, occasionally.3)every time 和the first time后接从句，for the first time作为状语，不能接从句。
It was in Beijing that I saw a film star for the first time.是在北京我第一次见到一个电影明星。
The first time I saw him, I found him every clever.我第一次见到他，我发现他很聪明。
4）注意下面短语的意义：all the time 始终，一直in no time (at all)立刻，赶快，马上many a time常常，多次on time准时，按时keep time（钟表）走得准in ancient times 古代ahead of one's time 思想超时代的behind the times 落伍，跟不上时代【活学活用】单项填空A. For the first timeB. All the timeC. It's high timeD. From timeto time1） in his life, he became the proud owner of a bed which hadsprings and a mattress.2） , his mother went a long journey to Beijing to see him,which he did not like very much.3） that you started working.答案： 1）A 2） D 3） C5. result in 导致, 造成【经典例句】The accident resulted in 10 deaths.这次事故导致10人死亡。
【考点聚焦】1）同义短语：lead to 导致。
1)result in作“导致,造成”讲时，后面接表示结果的名词作宾语。
如：Hard work leads to success while laziness results in poverty.勤劳通向成功，懒惰导致贫穷。
2)result from作“因……而发生”讲时，后面接表示原因的名词作宾语。
如：The traffic accident resulted from the driver’s sleepness.这起交通事故是由于司机的困倦造成的。
3)牢记相关动词知语：bring about good results得到好结果，meet with good results取得好结果with the result that……在……的影响下,without result 毫无结果地as a result of 是一个介词短语，只能引导状语，不能引导一个从句，更不能做谓语.【活学活用】单项填空：1)It was foggy and,______, his flight was delayed for two hours.A. as a result ofB. as a resultC. resulted inD. resultedfrom2)（江西卷26）My friend Martin was very sick with a strange fever,_______, he could neither eat nor sleep.A．as a result B．after all C．any wayD．otherwise3）（北京，25）I’d like to arrive 20 minutes early ___ I can have timefor a cup of tea.a)as soon as B. as a result C. in case D. so that答案：1）B 2）A 3）D6. put on 假装【经典例句】She was a shy girl, but she put on a brave expression.她是个害羞的女孩子,然而她却装出一副勇敢的表情。
【考点聚焦】1）put on作“假装”讲时，是及物动词，如：She's by no means reallymad; she puts it on in order to gain attentio n. 她决不是真的疯了,她只是为了引起人们的注意才假装的。
2)put on还有：“穿上, 把...放在上, 增加, 欺骗, 使靠...维持生命”之意。
3）put on还可作“增加”讲时，如：So many people wanted to go to the match that another train had to beput on.要去观看比赛的人那么多,只好增开一列火车。
