先天性三鼻孔畸形三例报告

胎儿先天性无鼻畸形一例报告张强1，彭金芝2，李权1△，王少军1摘要：先天性无鼻畸形是一种病因不明、发病机制不清、临床上极其罕见的胎儿畸形，常伴有其他脏器畸形，不同程度地影响围生儿结局。

因此，分娩时需要一个熟练的新生儿复苏团队在场。

大部分无鼻畸形的胎儿出生后能正常生活。

目前，外科手术仍然是无鼻畸形的主要治疗方法，而干细胞治疗则有望成为新的治疗手段。

本文报告我院收治的1例胎儿先天性无鼻畸形，并进行相关文献复习。

旨在提高对该病的认识，减少漏诊、误诊，为患者及其家庭提供必要的产前咨询及帮助，为新生儿护理、喂养及治疗提出合理的建议。

关键词：胎儿畸形；先天性无鼻畸形；外科手术；外鼻重建；干细胞治疗中图分类号：R714.7；R715.5文献标志码：ADOI ：10.11958/20190368Congenital arhinia of fetus:a case reportZHANG Qiang 1,PENG Jin-zhi 2,LI Quan 1△,WANG Shao-jun 11Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,the Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University,Zunyi 563000,China;2Department of Medical Cell Biology,Zunyi Medical University△Corresponding AuthorE-mail:1013283493@Abstract:Congenital arhinia is a fetal malformation with unknown etiology,unclear pathogenesis and extremely rareclinically.It often accompanied by other organ malformations,which affects the outcome of perinatal infants in varyingdegrees.Therefore,a skilled neonatal resuscitation team is needed during delivery.Most fetuses with arhinia can live normally after birth.At present,surgery is still the main therapeutic method for arhinia,and stem cell therapy is expected to become a new treatment method.This paper reported a case of arhinia of fetus admitted to our hospital,and the relevant literature was reviewed.The purpose of this study is to raise awareness of the disease,reduce missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis,provide necessary prenatal counseling and help for patients and their families,and give sound advice forneonatal care,feeding and treatment.Key words:fetal malformation;congenital arhinia;surgery;reconstruction of external nose;stem cell therapy作者单位：1遵义医科大学附属医院妇产科（邮编563000）；2遵义医科大学医学细胞生物学教研室作者简介：张强（1982），男，主治医师，硕士在读，主要从事围产医学、遗传与优生及生殖内分泌研究△通讯作者E-mail ：1013283493@先天性无鼻畸形（congenital arhinia ）是一种非常罕见的胎儿畸形，从1931年Blair 等［1］首次报道1例无鼻畸形至今，文献报道病例不足50例［2］。

先天性单侧唇裂鼻畸形修复270例临床报告目的分析单侧唇裂畸形存在的鼻畸形情况，用美学修复理念进行个体化的设计。

方法对270例单侧唇裂进行鼻畸形修复，根据原发和继发鼻畸形情况进行手术设计。

结果本组对收治的270例单侧唇裂继发鼻畸形进行了术后分析，单侧唇裂Ⅱ度的继发畸形术后满意度为96.2%，单侧唇裂Ⅲ度的继发畸形术后满意度为73.8%，唇裂早期修复进行鼻整形的面容恢复优于唇裂术后继发鼻畸形后进行鼻整形的病例，两者差异有统计学意义（P ＜0.05）。

结论单侧唇裂的裂度与鼻畸形的程度呈正比，修复方法较为复杂和多样术式。

对单侧唇裂鼻畸形采用对称性美学测量，重视鼻翼软骨的矫正，可达到对称性的美学效果。

[Abstract] Objective To analyze deformities of nose in unilateral cleft lip′s deformities, and to make design of individuation with idea of aesthetics repair. Methods Deformities of nose in unilateral cleft lip with 270 cases were repaired, operation design was made according to primary and secondary deformities of nose. Results Group analyzed after operation for secondary deformities of nose in unilateral cleft lip of treated 270 cases, that the secondary deformities for Ⅱdegree of unilateral cleft lip got 96.2% satisfied after operation, 73.8% satisfied after operation for the secondary deformities of Ⅲdegree, recuperate of face for early nose surgery of cleft lip were more good than the cases of nose surgery made after the secondary deformities of nose since cleft lip operation, the both had a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05). Conclusion Cracked extent of unilateral cleft lip and extent of nose′s deformities are proportional, means of repair are intricacy and multiplicity. Adopting symmetrical measure of aesthetics for deformities of nose in unilateral cleft lip, and thinking highly redress on cartilage of nosewing can obtain symmetrical effect of esthetics.[Key words] Unilateral cleft lip; Deformities of nose; Esthetics repair先天性唇裂畸形，分為单侧完全性唇裂（简称单侧Ⅲ度唇裂）和单侧不完全性唇裂（简称单侧Ⅱ度唇裂）。

胎儿畸形检查报告模板
检查报告：
本次检查结果显示胎儿畸形情况如下：
1. 头部：头围正常，无颅骨畸形。

脑部结构正常，无异常积液或肿块。

2. 面部：面容和轮廓正常，无明显畸形。

3. 颈部：颈椎正常，无明显异常。

4. 躯干：胸部无异常结构，心脏在正常位置且结构完整，无明显畸形。

腹部无肿块或积液，脐带附着位置正常。

5. 四肢：肢体长度对称，无明显异常。

手指和脚趾个数正常，无多指或少指畸形。

6. 脊柱：脊柱正常，无明显侧弯或畸形。

综上所述，根据本次胎儿畸形检查结果，胎儿的头部、面部、颈部、躯干、四肢和脊柱等方面结构和发育均正常，无明显异常。

医生：XXX。