大学英语四六级长难句分析

1. The American economic system is, organized around a basically private-enterprise, market- oriented economy in which consumers largely determine what shall be produced by spending their money in the marketplace for those goods and services that they want most.[参考译⽂] 美国的经济是以基本的私有企业和市场导向经济为架构的，在这种经济中，消费者很⼤程度上通过在市场上为那些他们最想要的货品和服务付费来决定什么应该被制造出来。

2. Thus, in the American economic system it is the demand of individual consumers, coupled withthe desire of businessmen to maximize profits and the desire of individuals to maximize theirincomes, that together determine what shall be produced and how resources are used to produceit.[参考译⽂] 因此，在美国的经济体系中，个体消费者的需求与商⼈试图化其利润的欲望和个⼈想化其收⼊效⽤的欲望相结合，⼀起决定了什么应该被制造，以及资源如何被⽤来制造它们。

3. If, on the other hand, producing more of a commodity results in reducing its cost, this will tend to increase the supply offered by seller-producers, which in turn will lower the price and permitmore consumers to buy the product.[参考译⽂] 另⼀⽅⾯，如果⼤量制造某种商品导致其成本下降，那么这就有可能增加卖⽅和制造商能提供的供给，⽽这也就会反过来降低价格并允许更多的消费者购买产品。

四六级中的阅读长难句解析技巧阅读长难句在四六级英语考试中是一个常见的难点，许多考生在阅读理解题中会遇到诸如主从复合句、倒装句等复杂结构的长难句，给理解带来了困难。

然而，通过一些技巧和方法，我们可以更好地应对这些长难句，并提高阅读的准确性和效率。

一、分析句子结构正确理解长难句的关键在于分析句子的结构。

首先，要明确句子的主干部分，即主语和谓语，找出中心词，然后分析修饰部分。

例如，在如下句子中：The book that I bought yesterday, which is about history, is very interesting.主干部分是"The book is interesting"。

"That I bought yesterday"是对书进行修饰的定语从句，"which is about history"是对书的进一步说明。

通过分析句子的结构，我们可以更好地掌握句子的逻辑关系，准确理解句子的含义。

二、寻找关键词关键词在长难句中起到了承上启下的作用，通过寻找关键词，我们可以更好地理解长难句的逻辑关系。

常见的关键词包括but、although、unless、because等。

例如，在如下句子中：Although it was raining, we decided to go for a walk.关键词"although"暗示了前后两个分句之间的转折关系，帮助我们理解这个句子的含义。

三、弄清句子成分的逻辑关系在长难句中，句子成分之间的逻辑关系是理解整个句子的关键。

通过弄清句子成分的逻辑关系，我们可以准确地把握长难句的意义。

常见的逻辑关系包括因果关系、条件关系、让步关系等。

例如，在如下句子中：If you study hard, you will succeed.通过理解句子成分"if you study hard"和"you will succeed"之间的逻辑关系，我们可以准确地理解这个句子的意义。

长难句分析一、定语从句1、In this way, we have learned all that we know of the laws of astronomy, or of the habits of the social insects, let us say.2、I am usually fairly skeptical about any research that concludes that people are either happier or unhappier or more or less certain of themselves than they were 50 years ago.3、In the first place, any scientific study requires that there should be no preferential weighting of one or another of the items in the series that it selects for its consideration.4、What is harder to establish is whether the productivity revolution that businessmen assume they are presiding over productivity revolution is for real.5、Some companies are limiting the risk by conducting online transactions only with established business partners who are given access to the company’s private Internet.6、I have known very few writers, but those I have known, and whom I respect, confess at once that they have little idea where they are going.7、Indeed, there is evidence that the rate at which individuals forget is directly related to how much they learned.8、Now since the assessment of intelligence is a comparative matter we must be sure that the scale with which we are comparing our subject provides a ‘valid’ or‘fair’ comparison.9、Silicon Valley is a magnet to which numerous talented engineers, scientists and entrepreneurs from overseas flock in reach of fame, fast money and to participate in a technological revolution whose impact on mankind will surely surpass the epoch-making European Renaissance and Industrial Revolution of the bygone age.10、As personal injury claims continue as before, some courts are beginning to side with defendants, especially in cases where a warning label probably would not have changed anything.11、Besides, this is unlikely to produce the needed number of every kind of professional in a country as large as ours and where the economy is spread over so many states and involves so many international corporations.12、This trend began during the Second World War, when several governments came to the conclusion that the specific demands that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment cannot generally be foreseen in detail.13、V ery few writer on the subject have explored this distinction -indeed, contradiction-which goes to the heart of what is wrong with the campaign to put computers in the classroom.14、If, on the other hand, producing more of a commodity results in reducing its cost, this will tend to increase the supply offered by seller-producers, which in turn will lower the price and permit more consumers to buy the product.15、Or so the thinking has gone since the early 1980s,when juries began holding more companies liable for their customers misfortunes.二、状语从句1、He has put forward unquestioned claims so consistently that he not only believes them himself, but has convinced industrial and business management that they are true.3、Although perhaps only I percent of the life that has started somewhere will develop into highly complex and intelligent patterns, so vast is the member of planet, that intelligent life is bound to be a natural part of the universe.4、While black conductors were often motivated by their own painful experiences, whites were commonly driven by religious convictions.5、They had almost reached shore when a watchman spotted them and raced off to spread the news.6、Economy is one powerful motive for camping, since after the initial outlay upon equipment, or through hiring it, the total expense can be far less than the cost of hotels.7、Until we are intelligent as to its laws and varieties, the man complicating facts of human life must remain unintelligible.8、Until these issues are resolved, a technology of behavior will continue to be rejected and with it possibly the only way to solve our problem.9、The greater interest in exceptional children shown in public education over the past three decades indicates the strong feeling in our society that all citizens, whatever their special conditions, deserve the opportunity to fully developed their capabilities.10、V ery few people, no matter how intelligent and experienced, can take inventory of the many branching possibilities, possible outcomes, side effects, and undesired consequences of a policy or o course of action in a matter of seconds.三、名词性从句1、Levi Coffin, a teacher raised in North Carolina, explained, “The Bille, in bidding us to feed the hungry an clothe the naked, said nothing about color.”2、Henson is but one name on a long list of courageous men and women who together forged the Underground Railroad, a secret web of escape routes and safe houses that they used to liberate slaves from the American South.3、Rather, we have a certain conception of the American citizen, a character who is incomplete if he cannot competently assess how his livelihood and happiness are affected by things outside of himself.4、Alongside me was a slender woman in a black dress, my guide back to a time when the surrounding settlement in Dresden, Ontario, was home to a hero in American history.5、In talking to some scientists, particularly younger ones, you might gather the impression that they find the "scientific method" a substitute for imaginative thought.6、Word spread that fleeing slaves could always find refuge at the Coffin home.7、If you see an article consistently advertised, it is the surest proof I know that the article does what is claimed of it ,and that it represents good value.8、Whether the remarkable growth of organized camping means the eventual death of the more independent kind is hard to say.9、It is a strange thought, but I believe a correct one ,that twenty or thirty pages of ideas and information would be capable of10、While it is true the we all need a career, it is equally true that our civilization has a accumulated an incredible amount of knowledge in fields far remove from our own and that we are better for our understanding of these other contributions-be they scientific and artistic.11、The irony of the historian’s craft is that its practitioners always know that their efforts are but contributions to an unending process.四、非谓语结构1. The consumers would be able to select their view of the match on a gigantic, flat screen occupying the whole of one wall, with images of a clarity which cannot be foreseen at present .2. Some of these causes are completely reasonable results of social needs. Others are reasonable consequences of particular advances in science being to some extent self-accelerating .3. This temptation to cover the distance between himself and the reader, to study his image in the sight of those who do not know him, can be his undoing: he has begun to write to please.4. Twenty or thirty pages of information handed to any of the major world powers around the year 1925 would have been sufficient to change the course of world history.5. The only meals regularly taken together in Britain these days are at the weekend, among rich families struggling to retain something of the old symbol of togetherness.6. In American economy, the concept of private property embraces not only the ownership of productive resources but also certain rights, including the right to determine the price of a product or to make a free contract with another private individual.7. An education that aims at getting a student a certain kind of job is a technical education, which is justified for reasons radically different from why education is universally required by law.8. His colleague, Michael Beer, says that far too many companies have applied re-engineering in a mechanistic fashion, chopping out costs without giving sufficient thought to long-term profitability.9. “I’m not afraid of dying from a spiritual point of view, but what I was afraid of was how I’d go, because I’ve watched people die in the hospital fighting for oxygen and clawing at their masks ," he says.10. To appreciate fully the diversity and abundance of life in the sea, it helps to think small.11. To criticize it for such failure is roughly comparable to criticizing a thermometer for not measuring wind velocity.12. Where to turn for expert information and how to determine which expert advice to accept are questions facing many people today.13. The target is wrong, for in attacking the tests, critics divert attention from the fault that lies with ill-informed or incompetent users.14. But, for a small group of students, professional training might be the way to go, since well-developed skills, all other factors15. The fact that half of the known species are thought to inhabit the world’s rain forest does not seem surprising, considering the huge number of insects that comprise the bulk of the species.五、分裂结构1. It is no use offering the manual laborer, tired out with a hard week’s sweat and effort, the chance of playing a game of football or baseball on Saturday afternoon.2. It is no use inviting the politician or the professional or business man, who has been working or worrying about serious things for six days, to work or worry about trifling things at the weekend.3. The sense is growing that the Americans need to tom things round fast, militarily and politically, if they are to ensure that events do not spin out control.4. The Victorians, realizing that the greatest happiness accorded to man is that provided by a happy marriage, endeavored to pretend that all their marriages were happy.5. A young man sees a sunset and, unable to understand or to express the emotion it rouses in him, concludes that it must be the gateway to a world that lies beyond.6. Granted, a snobbery of camping itself, based upon equipment and techniques, already exists; but it is of a kind that, if he meets it, he can readily understand and deal with.7. I am sure that, without modem weapons, I would make a very poor show of disputing the ownership of a cave with a bear, and in this I do not think that I stand alone.8. And we are so accustomed to reading almost every week newspaper reports about new discoveries being made by man that we tend to take the progress and benefit of scientific research for granted.9. The long hours in the office or the factory bring with them as their reward, not only the means of sustenance, but a keen appetite for pleasure even in its simplest and most modest forms.10. We must conclude from the work of those who have studied the origin of life, that given a planet only approximately like our own, life is almost certain to start.11. The present question is that many people consider impossible what is really possible if effort is made. = all that is possible if effort is made12. Make sure you include in the examination paper whatever questions they didn’t know the answers to last time.13. While warnings are often appropriate and necessary –the dangers of drug interactions, for example - and many are required by state or federal regulations, it isn’t clear that they actually protect the manufacturers and sellers from liability if a customer is injured .六、并列结构1、But people judging from recent studies of crying behavior, links between illness and crying and the chemical composition of2. It applies equally to traditional historians who view history as only external and internal criticism of sources and to social science historians who equate their activity with specific techniques.3. Morocco and California are bits of the Earth in very similar latitudes, both on the west coasts of continents with similar climates, and probably with rather similar natural resources.4. How well the prediction will be validated by later performance depends upon the amount, reliability, and appropriateness of the information used and on the skill and wisdom with which it information is always interpreted.5. The fact of first-rate importance is the predominant role that custom plays in experience and in belief, and the very great varieties it may manifest.6. The casual friendliness of many Americans should be interpreted neither as superficial nor as artificial, but as the result of a historically developed cultural tradition.7. “The test of any democratic society ,”he wrote in a Wall Street Journal column, “lies not in how well it can control expression but in whether it gives freedom of thought and expression the widest possible latitude, however disputable or irrit ating the results may sometimes be.”8. Towns like Bournemouth and Eastbound sprang up to house large “comfortable” classes who had retired on their incomes , and who had no relation to the rest of the community except that of drawing dividends and occasionally attending a shareholders’ meeting to dictate their orders to the management .9. And it is imagined by many that the operations of the common mind can be by no means compared with these processes, and that they have to be acquired by a sort of special training.10. On the whole such a conclusion can be drawn with a certain degree of confidence, but such a conclusion can be drawn only if the child can be assumed to have the same attitude towards the test as the other with whom he is being compared, and only if he was not punished by lack of relevant information which they possessed.11. This seems mostly effectively done by supporting a certain amount of research not related to immediate goals but of possible consequence in the future.12. While talking to you, your could-be employer is deciding whether your education, your experience, and other qualifications will pay him to employ you and your "wares" and abilities must be displayed in an orderly and reasonably connected manner .13. As families move away from their stable community, their friends of many years, their extended family relationships, the informal flow of information is cut off, and with it the confidence that information will be available when needed and will be trustworthy and reliable.14. Until these issues are resolved, a technology of behavior will continue to be rejected and with it possibly the only way to solve our problem.15. The study of custom can be profitable only after certain preliminary propositions have been accepted, and some of these propositions have been violently opposed.16. Dependence is marked first by an increased tolerance, with more and more of the substance required to produce the desired effect, and then by the appearance of unpleasant withdrawal symptoms when the substance is discontinued.17. The test of any democratic society lies not in how well it can control expression but in whether it gives freedom of thought and expression the widest possible latitude, however disputable or irritating the results may sometimes be.18. The change met the technical requirements of the new age by engaging a large professional element and prevented the decline in efficiency that so commonly spoiled the fortunes of family firms in the second and third generation after the energetic founders.19. Whether to use tests, other kinds of information, or both in a particular situation depends, therefore, upon the evidence from experience concerning comparative validity and upon such factors as cost and availability.七、倒装结构1. Nor, if regularity and conformity to a standard pattern are as desirable to the scientist as the writing of his papers would appear to reflect, is management to be blamed for discriminating against the "odd balls” among researchers.2. Nowhere do 1980 census statistics dramatize more the American search for spacious living than in the Far West.3. Nonstop waves of immigrants played a role, too -- and so did bigger crops of babies as yesterday’s "baby boom" generation reached its childbearing years.4. They do not compensate for gross social inequality, and thus do not tell how able an underprivileged youngster might have been had he grown up under more favorable circumstances.5、From the shore-line out to a distance which may be anywhere from a few miles to a few hundred miles runs the gentle slope of continental shelf, geologically part of the continents.6、Coincident with concerns about acceleration loss of species and habitats has been a growing appreciation of the importance of biological diversity, the number of species in a particular ecosystem, to the health of the Earth and human well-being.7. Coupled with the growing quantity of information is the development of technologies which enable the storage and delivery of more information with greater speed to more locations than has ever been possible before.8. Emerging from the 1980 census is the picture of a nation developing more and more regional competition?9. The ability to acquire habits can be conceivably inherited just as much as can definite responses to narrow situations.10. The inner workings of our own brains we feel to be uniquely worthy of investigation, but custom, we have a way of thinking, is behavior at its most commonplace.八、比较结构1. Yet their present development is wholly different, not so much because of different people even, but because of the different thoughts that exist in the minds of their inhabitants.2、If experiments are planed and carried out according to plan as faithfully as the reports in the science journals indicate, then it is perfectly logical for management to expect research to produce results measurable in dollars an cents.3. Thus, just as earlier theories have explained the mobility of the continents, so hot spots may explain their mutability inconstancy.4. As is true of any developed society, in America a complex set of cultural signals, assumptions, and conventions underlies all social interrelationships.5. Sir Alexander Fleming did not, as legend would have it, look at the mold on a piece of cheese and get the idea for penicillin there and then.6. New forms of thought as well as new subjects for thought must arise in the future as they have in the past, giving rise to new standards of elegance.7. Science moves forward, they say, not so much through the insights of great men of genius as because of more ordinary things like improved techniques and tools.8、Probably there is not one here who has not in the course of the day had occasion to set in motion a complex train of reasoning, of the very same kind, thought differing in degree, as that which a scientific man goes through in tracing the causes of natural phenomena.9. And since 1991, productivity has increased by about 2% a year, which is more than twice the 1978 ~1987 averages.10. As a result, California’s growth rate dropped during the 1970s, to 18.5 percent -- little more than two thirds the 1960s’growth figure and considerably below that of Western states.11. Interest in historical methods has arisen less through external challenge to the validity of history as an intellectual discipline and more from internal quarrels among historians themselves.12. There is more agreement on the kinds of behavior referred to by the term than there is on how to interpret or classify them.13. These proposals sought to place greater restrictions on the use and copying of digital information than existed in traditional media.14. There ought to be less anxiety over the perceived risk of getting cancer than exists ＝than the anxiety that exists in the public mind today.15. There is no spectacle on earth more appealing than that of a beautiful woman in the act of cooking dinner for someone she loves.九、强调结构1. Perhaps it is humankind’s long suffering at the mercy of flood and drought that makes the idea of forcing the waters to do our bidding so fascinating.2. It was the training that he had as a young man that made him such a good engineer.3. In the American economic system, it is the demand of individual consumers coupled with the desire of businessmen to maximize profits and the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes that together determines what shall be produced and how resources are used to produce it.4. It is only in the study of man himself that the major social sciences have substituted the study of one local variation, that of Western civilization, for the study of the whole human civilization.5. It is when the control over immediate environment is threatened, or violated in some way by other road users that anger and rage result.6. The implications of all this were that it was not the disturbance of sleep that mattered, but the disturbance of dreaming.7. Whether he comes or not matters a lot.8. Nor is it only the ignorant and ill-educated person who has such faith in the bottle of medicine, especially if it be wrapped in white paper by a clever chemist.9. What is it that causes us to get so angry with other people when we are sitting behind the wheel of our car?十、否定结构1. It doesn’t seem that we can get the money back.2. It is not my belief that you can make something out of nothing.3. Spiders are not insects as many people imagine.4. He was not ready to believe something just because the ancients said so.5. Even people who take no interest in art cannot have failed to notice examples of modem sculpture.6. Cats never fail to fascinate human being.7. There is no sky in June so blue that it does not point forward to a bluer.8. The contemporary phenomenon of car worship is to be explained not least by the sense of independence and freedom that ownership entails.9. He was a profound scholar and at the same time a respected teacher, so there was no man but respected him.10. with the introduction of electric computer, there is no complicated problem but can be solved in a few hours.11. One’s true feelings cannot but come through in what one says and does.12. None but the brave deserve the fair.13. The aim of the repetitions of the same commercial on television is nothing but can be solved in few hours.14. Yet there are few people who feel anything but a mild interest in the discoveries that are being made by scientists.15. Hardly a week goes by without some advance in technology that would have seemed incredible 50 years ago.16. The importance of studying English cannot be overemphasized.17. He would be the last man to do such foolish things.18. More often than not, he had to go in person.19. But that the kind man caught him, he would have fallen into the river.20. But for his help, I would have failed.。

英语四六级真题长难句分析详解Round 1----真题长句More than drones dropping a new supply of underwear on your doorstep, Apple’s massively successful brick-and-mortar-and-glass retail stores and Amazon’s small steps in the same direction are what should keep old-fashioned retailers awake at night. (2019.06第一套阅读Section B)【释义】除了无人机在你家门口投放新的内衣外，苹果成功的砖石与零售店以及亚马逊向同一方向迈出的小步，更应该让老式零售商彻夜难眠。

Round 2----生词速递1. drone [droʊn] n. 嗡嗡声;持续低音(如风笛等发出的持续音);持续音音管(或弦等);雄蜂，（不劳动，依赖他人为生的）寄生虫；无人驾驶飞机2. doorstep [ˈdɔːrstep] n. 门阶;(常用以做三明治的)厚面包片3. underwear [ˈʌndərwer]n.内衣；衬衣Round 1----真题长句Over 80% of the world’s urban population is breathing air that fails to meet World Health Organization guidelines, and an estimated 4.5 million people died prematurely from outdoor pollution. (2019. 阅读. 1. Text 1)【释义】全球80%以上城市人口呼吸的空气不符合世界卫生组织标准，2015年约有450万人因室外空气污染而过早死亡。

英语六级长难句理解技巧英语六级考试是很多学生们朝思暮想的一场挑战，其中长难句作为考试的一大难点，经常让考生们望而生畏。

但是掌握一些长难句的理解技巧，就能帮助我们更好地应对考试。

下面就来介绍一些英语六级长难句理解技巧：1. 逐词分析法逐词分析法是一种比较基础的长难句理解技巧。

即通过逐个词语的意思来理解整个句子。

这种方法一般适用于较简单的长句，比如由and, but, or等连词连接的句子。

逐词分析法可以帮助我们更清晰地理解句子结构，从而准确把握句子的含义。

2. 主谓宾定补结构分析法主谓宾定补结构分析法是针对复杂长句的一种解析方法。

在遇到较难的长句时，我们可以先找到句子的主语、谓语、宾语、定语和补语，然后逐一分析它们之间的语法关系，找出句子的主线，再理解句子的细节内容。

通过主谓宾定补结构分析法，我们可以更有条理地理解长句的结构和意义。

3. 多角度递进理解法多角度递进理解法是一种较灵活的长句理解方法。

当遇到长句难以理解时，我们可以通过多角度、递进式地分析句子，从不同的角度去理解句子的含义。

比如从上下文、词语、语法结构等多个方面入手，逐步拆解句子的复杂性，最终理解整个句子的意思。

4. 基于逻辑关系的推理法有些长句由于句子结构复杂，很难直接理解，这时我们可以通过逻辑关系进行推理。

通过分析句子中的条件、因果、对比、转折等逻辑关系，我们可以推测出句子的含义，帮助我们更好地理解长难句。

总之，英语六级长难句并不是无法逾越的障碍，只要我们掌握了一些长难句的理解技巧，就能更轻松地应对考试。

希望以上介绍的长难句理解技巧能够帮助到大家，祝大家英语六级考试取得好成绩！。

英语四六级真题长难句分析详解Round 1----真题长句But my own worry today is less that of the overwhelming problem of elemental literacy than it is of the slightly more luxurious problem of the decline in the skill even of the middle-class reader, of his unwillingness to afford those spaces of silence, those luxuries of domesticity and time and concentration, that surround the image of the classic act of reading.【释义】但我今天所担心的不是广泛泛滥的文盲问题，而是更加奢侈一点的问题，即：对中产阶级读者读写技能下降了的担忧，他们不愿把安静的地方、难得的家庭生活的机会、时间和注意力用来读书，而典型的读书活动正需要这些。

Round 2----生词速递1. overwhelming [ˌoʊvərˈwelmɪŋ] adj. 巨大的;压倒性的;无法抗拒的2. elemental [ˌelɪˈmentl] adj. 狂暴的;猛烈的;似自然力的;基本的;主要的;重要的3. literacy [ˈlɪtərəsi] n. 读写能力4. luxurious [lʌɡˈʒʊriəs] adj. 十分舒适的;奢侈的5. domesticity [ˌdoʊmeˈstɪsəti] n. 家庭生活Round 3----长句“大解剖”But my own worry today is less that of the overwhelming problem of elemental literacy than it is of the slightly more luxurious problem of the decline in the skill even of the middle-class reader, of his unwillingness to afford those spaces of silence, those luxuries of domesticity and time and concentration, that surround the image of the classic act of reading.这是一个带有比较级的句子，主干是：But my own worry today is less that than……, of the overwhelming problem和of elemental literacy分别修饰that和problem；that surround the image of the classic act of reading是一个定语从句，修饰前面提到的spaces of silence, those luxuries of domesticity and time and concentrationRound 1——真题长句A simple trip around the yard in a pair of those babies eliminates all need to call for a lawn care specialist and provides the perfect-sized holes to give any lawn oxygen without all those messy chunks of dirt lying around.【释义】只要穿这种娇小的鞋在院子里走一走，就完全没必要请修剪草坪的专家了，因为这会形成大小合适的洞为草坪提供氧气，周围还不会留下那些乱七八糟的脏东西。