备战2015四级阅读练习:户外广告——广告牌的兴起
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1. 2024全国卷I-AMonthly Talks at London Canal MuseumOur monthly talks start at 19:30 on the first Thursday of each month except August. Admission is at normal charges and you don’t need to book. They end around 21:00.November 7thThe Canal Pioneers, by Chris Lewis. James Brindley is recognized as one of the leading early canal engineers. He was also a major player in training others in the art of canal planning and building. Chris Lewis will explain how Brindley made such a positive contribution to the education of that group of early “civil engine e rs”.December 5thIce for the Metropolis, by Malcolm Tucker. Well before the arrival of freezers, there was a demand for ice for food preservation and catering, Malcolm will explain the history of importing na tural ice and the technology of building ice wells, and how London’s ice trade grew.February 6thAn Update on the Cotswold Canals, by Liz Payne. The Stroudwater Canal is moving towards reopening. The Thames and Severn Canal will take a little longer. We will have a report on the present state of play.March 6thEyots and Aits-Thames Islands,by Miranda Vickers. The Thames had many islands. Miranda has undertaken a review of all of them. She will tell us about those of greatest interest.Online bookings:More info:London Canal Museum12-13 New Wharf Road, London NI 9RT canalmuseum.mobi21. When is the talk on James Brindley?A. November 7th.B. March 6th.C. February 6th.D. December 5th.22. What is the topic of the talk in February?A. The Canal Pioneers.B. Ice for the Metropolis.C. Eyots and Aits-Thames Islands.D. An Update on the Cotswold Canals.23. Who will give the talk on the islands in the Thames?A. Chris Lewis.B. Malcolm Tucker.C. Miranda Vickers.D. Liz Payne.2. 2024福建卷-CSIGN YOUR CHILD UP FOR “FLY TO THE MOON CLUB”AND ENJOY A FREE FLIGHT TO ANY DESTINATION IN ASIA!With a registration fee of just $50 per child,children under the age of 12 can join Eagle Airways’FL Y TO THE MOON CLUB as members.They can then enjoy the same benefits onboardEagle Airways’ newest Boeing-797 to any destinationin the world!BENEFITS YOU CAN’T MISS!•A free flight to any destination in Asia•30% off any course at Tanya Language School• 20% off any purchase made at Ruby Bookstore•A free notebook with every purchase above $50 at Starlight Stationery•A free bowl of dessert for a family of four at Don’s Diners dinner ordered•A birthday gift on your child’s birthday•A free album containing pictures taken during the journeyAll bookings made before 12 September will receive free travel insurance for the entire family!Insurance is issued by Live LifeInsurance Group.10% OFF ALL BOOKINGS fordepartures from 5 to 11 September.Child must be accompanied by twopaying adults.Terms and conditions apply.65. One of the benefits mentioned in the advertisement is .A. a free flight to any destination in the worldB. 30% off any book purchased at Ruby BookstoreC. a free bowl of dessert at any restaurant at the airportD. a discount on any course at Tanya Language School66. Which of the following bookings may receive the most benefits?A.Booking date Departure dateSeptember 13 September 18B.Booking date Departure dateSeptember 2 September 12C.Booking date Departure dateAugust 15 September 4D.Booking date Departure dateAugust 16 September 867. Which of the following is TRUE according to the advertisement?A. You need to pay $50 to sign up a child for the club.B. Club members enjoy free travel insurance for any flight.C. The advertisement is intended for students of all ages.D. Any child must be accompanied by at least one paying adult.3. 2024全国卷II-DChoose Your One-Day ToursTour A —Bath & Stonehenge including entrance fees to the ancient Roman bathrooms andStonehenge —£37 until 26 March and £39 thereafter.Visit the city with over 2,000 years of history and Bath Abbey, the Royal Crescent and the Costute Mtsan. Stonehenge is one of the world’s most famous prehistoric monuments dating back over 5,000 years.Tour B —Oxford & Stratford including entrance fees to the University St Mary’s Church Tower and Anne Hathaway’s house一£32 until 12 March and £36 thereafter.Oxford: Includes a guided of England’s oldest university city and colleges. Look over the “city of dreaming spires (尖顶)”form St Mary’s Church Tower. Stratford: Includes a guided tour exploring much of the Shakespeare wonder.Tour C —Windsor Castle & Hampton Court including entrance fees to Hampton Court Palace —£34 until March and £37 thereafter.Includes a guided tour of Windsor and Hampton Court, Henry Mill’s favourite palace. Free time to visit Windsor Castle (entrance fees not included). With 500 years of history, Hampton Court was once the home of four Kings and one Queen. Now this former royal palace is open to the public as a major tourist attraction. Visit the palace and its various historic gardens, which include the famous maze (迷宫) where it is easy to get lost!Tour D —Cambridge including entrance fees to the Tower of Saint Mary the Great —£33 until 18 March and £37 thereafter.Includes a guided tour of Cambridge, the famous university town, and the gardens of the 18th century.33. Which tour will you choose if you want to see England’s oldest university city?A. Tour AB. Tour BC. Tour CD. Tour D34. Which of the following tours charges the lowest fee on 17 March?A. Windsor Castle & Hampton Court.B. Oxford & StratfordC. Bath &Stonehenge.D. Cambridge.35. Why is Hampton Court a major tourist attraction?A. It used to be the home of royal families.B. It used to be a well-known mazeC. It is the oldest palace in BritainD. It is a world-famous castle.4. 2024四川卷-A31. The card above is _________.A. a ticketB. a postcardC. an invitationD. an advertisement32. The party is for _________.A. a birthdayB. the QueenC. bee watchingD. the National Day33. According to the card, if you are unableto go, you can .A. return the cardB.visit the MuseumC. ignore the messageD. contact Alice’s mother5. 2024天津卷University Room RegulationsApproved and Prohibited ItemsThe following items are approved for use in residential (住宿的) rooms: electric blankets, hair dryers, personal computers, radios, televisions and DVD players. Items that are not allowed in student rooms include: candles, ceiling fans, fireworks, waterbeds, sun lamps and wireless routers. Please note that any prohibited items will be taken away by the Office of Residence Life.Access to Residential RoomsStudents are provided with a combination (组合密码) for their room door locks upon check-in. Do not share your room door lock combination with anyone. The Office of Residence Life may change the door lock combination at any time at the expense of the resident if it is found that the student has shared the combination with others. The fee is $25 to change a room combination. Cooking PolicyStudents living in buildings that have kitchens are only permitted to cook in the kitchen. Students must clean up after cooking. This is not the responsibility of housekeeping staff. Kitchens that are not kept clean may be closed for use. With the exception of using a small microwave oven (微波炉) to heat food, students are not permitted to cook in their rooms.Pet PolicyNo pets except fish are permitted in student rooms. Students who are found with pets, whether visiting or owned by the student, are subject to an initial fine of $100 and a continuing fine of $50 a day per pet. Students receive written notice when the fine goes into effect. If, one week from the date of written notice, the pet is not removed, the student is referred to the Student Court.Quiet HoursResidential buildings must maintain an atmosphere that supports the academic mission of the University. Minimum quiet hours in all campus residences are 11:00 pm to 8:00 am Sunday through Thursday. Quiet hours on Friday and Saturday nights are 1:00 am to 8:00 am. Students who violate quiet hours are subject to a fine of $25.36. Which of the following items are allowed in student rooms?A. Ceiling fans and waterbeds.B. Wireless routers and radios.C. Hair dryers and candles.D. TVs and electric blankets.37. What if a student is found to have told his combination to others?A. The combination should be changed.B. The Office should be charged.C. He should replace the door lock.D. He should check out of the room.38. What do we know about the cooking policy?A. A microwave oven can be used.B. Cooking in student rooms is permitted.C. A housekeeper is to clean up the kitchen.D. Students are to close kitchen doors after cooking.39. If a student has kept a cat in his room for a week since the warning, he will face _____.A. parent visitsB. a fine of $100C. the Student CourtD. a written notice40. When can students enjoy a party in residences?A. 7:00 am, Sunday.B. 7:30 am, Thursday.C. 11:30 pm, Monday.D. 00:30 am, Saturday. 参考答案:1. ADC 2. DDA 3. BDA 4. CAD 5. DAACD。
高中英语广告阅读练习题30题(带答案)1. An advertisement for a new smartphone says it has a "long - lasting battery that can last up to two days with normal use". Which of the following statements is correct according to the ad?A. The battery can last for a week with normal useB. The battery can last for two days with heavy useC. The battery can last for two days with normal useD. The battery can last for one day with normal use答案:C解析:广告原文明确提到正常使用情况下电池续航可达两天,A 选项中说正常使用续航一周与原文不符,B选项中提到重度使用,原文未提及,D选项说正常使用续航一天也不符合原文内容。
2. A service ad for a fitness center claims "We have professional trainers available at all times to guide you". What can we know from this ad?A. There are no trainers on weekendsB. Trainers are only available in the morningC. Trainers are always there to helpD. Trainers are part - time答案:C解析:广告说随时有专业教练指导,C选项教练总是在那提供帮助符合原文,A选项说周末没有教练与原文矛盾,B选项说教练只在上午有空不符合随时的概念,D选项说教练是兼职也与原文不符。
Sign of the Times在“大数据”的“加持”下,户外广告牌焕发新生。
PEDESTRIANS walking down 8th Avenue in Manhattan’s Hell’s Kitchen neighborhood will be struck by the face-side(正面) of the Hearst Magazine Building. The 3,716-square-metre building is decorated with columns and statues, and topped by a 183-meter glass and steel skyscraper.{1} Another distinctive feature is a vast digital screen that transmits advertisements. Despite being one of the world’s oldest forms of marketing, the outdoor-advertising business is embracing digital technologies.Most forms of traditional advertising — print, radio and broadcast television — have been losing ground to online ads for years. Only billboards, dating back to the 1800s, and TV ads are holding their own (see chart below). Out-of-home (OOH) advertising is estimated to have grown by 3.4 percent in 2018; digital out-of-home (DOOH) advertising, which includes the LCD screens (液晶屏) found in airports and shopping malls, by 16 percent. Such ads draw viewers’ attentionfrom phones and cannot be skipped or blocked, unlike ads online.Billboard owners are also making hay from the location data that are pouring off people’s smartphones.{2} Information about their owners’ whereabouts and online browsing gets collected and anonymized (匿名处理) by carriers (运营商) and data firms, and sold to media owners. They then use these data to work out when different groups — say, business travelers — walk by their ads. That knowledge is added to insights into traffic, weather and other data to produce highly relevant ads. For example, DOOH providers can deliver ads for coffee when it is cold.Billboards can also be programmed to show ads for allergy (过敏症) medication when the air is full of pollen(花粉).Such targeting works particularly well when it is accompanied by “programmatic” advertising methods. Supporters say outdoor ads will increasingly be bought like online ones, based on audience and views as well as location.That is possible because billboard owners claim to be able to measure how well their ads are working, even though no “click-through” rates are involved. Data firms can tell advertisers how many people walk past individual advertisements at particular times of the day. Advertisers can estimate how many individuals exposed to an ad go on to visit a nearby shop (or website) and buy the product. Such metrics (指标) make outdoor ads more data-driven, automated and measurable.Tech giants are among those to see more value in outdoor advertising. Netflix acquired a series of billboards along Hollywood’s Sunset Strip, where it advertises its films and TV shows. Tech firms, including Apple and Google, are heavy buyers of OOH ads, accounting for 25 of the top 100 OOH ad spenders in America.The outdoor-ad revolution is not problem-free, however. The collection of mobile phone data raises privacy concerns. And criticisms of the online-ad business may also turn to the OOH business as it becomes bigger and more complex. One of the benefits of following the online-ad leaders is that the OOH advertisers can learn from their mistakes.(选自Economist)1. The underlined words in Paragraph 3 probably mean “______.”A. restricting access toB. earning a profit fromC. taking advantage ofD. finding fault with2. According to the article, which of the following statements is true?A. The billboard has a history of more than 300 years.B. The billboard is the only form of conventional advertising that winsagainst online ads.C. DOOH refers to any type of digital billboards used for advertising outdoors.D. It is estimated that OOH advertising grew slower than DOOH advertising in 2018.3. What can we infer from the article?A. Billboard advertising is more likely to be targeted toward business travelers.B. “Click-through” rates are the only reliable metrics in advertising.C. Tech giants invest more money in OOH ads than in online ones.D. The outdoor-ad industry is likely to address privacy concerns.译文:沿着曼哈顿地狱厨房街区的第八大街行走的PEDESTRIANS将被赫斯特杂志大楼正面遮住。
大学英语四级改革适用(阅读)模拟试卷101(题后含答案及解析) 题型有: 4. Reading ComprehensionPart III Reading ComprehensionSection CIf you’re like most people, you’re way too smart for advertising. You skip right past newspaper ads, never click on ads online and leave the room during TV commercials. That, at least, is what we tell ourselves. But what we tell ourselves is wrong. Advertising works, which is why, even in hard economic times, Madison Avenue is a $34 billion-a-year business. And if Martin Lindstrom—author of the best seller Buyology and a marketing consultant for Fortune 500 companies, including PepsiCo and Disney—is correct, trying to tune this stuff out is about to get a whole lot harder. Lindstrom is a practitioner of neuromarketing(神经营销学)research, in which consumers are exposed to ads while hooked up to machines that monitor brain activity, sweat responses and movements in face muscles, all of which are markers of emotion. According to his studies, 83% of all forms of advertising principally engage only one of our senses: sight. Hearing, however, can be just as powerful, though advertisers have taken only limited advantage of it. Historically, ads have relied on slogans to catch our ear, largely ignoring everyday sounds—a baby laughing and other noises our bodies can’t help paying attention to. Weave this stuff into an ad campaign, and we may be powerless to resist it. To figure out what most appeals to our ear, Lindstrom wired up his volunteers, then played them recordings of dozens of familiar sounds, from McDonald’ s wide-spread “I’m Lovin’ It” slogan to cigarettes being lit. The sound that blew the doors off all the rest—both in terms of interest and positive feelings—was a baby giggling. The other high-ranking sounds were less original but still powerful. The sound of a vibrating cell phone was Lindstrom’s second-place finisher. Others that followed were an ATM distributing cash and a soda being burst open and poured. In all of these cases, it didn’t take an advertiser to invent the sounds, combine them with meaning and then play them over and over until the subjects being part of them. Rather, the sounds already had meaning and thus fueled a series of reactions: hunger, thirst, happy expectation.1.As is mentioned in the first paragraph, most people believe that______.A.ads are a waste of timeB.they are easily misled by adsC.they are not influenced by adsD.ads are unavoidable in life正确答案:C解析:细节题。
【英语】英语阅读理解(时文广告)练习题含答案含解析(1)一、高中英语阅读理解时文广告类阅读理解1.Student Scholarships 5 Strong Scholarship Application Deadline: August 20th Scholarship Description: The 5 Strong Scholarship Foundation is a team of experienced educators that have over 30 years of experience in helping minority nationality students get into college. We have teamed up to form a foundation that's going to be devoted to building groups of5 college ready scholars and placing them on the campuses of Historically Black Colleges and Universities.770-873-6621 Contact: Andrew H. Ragland;$ 1,000 College JumpStart Scholarship Application Deadline: October 8th Scholarship Description: The $ 1,000 College JumpStart Scholarship is a virtue-basedcompetition that is open to 7th—12th graders and college students and non —traditional students. Applicants must be juniors or seniors or adult students.650-319-8441;Contact: Adrian Monk ACF Andrew Piech Memorial Scholarship Application Deadline: July 9th Scholarship Description: One or more scholarships are awarded each year to New Mexico graduating high school seniors and continuing college students. Students must go after a degreeor certificate from a non-profit public or technical professional institution including community college.505-883-6240 Contact: Daniel White;Species On The Edge 2. 0 Social Scholarship Application Deadline: September 19th Scholarship Description: Conserve Wildlife Foundation invites high school student from acrossthe state to submit an original social media campaign showing why wildlife is important toprotect. The fun and educational contest provides students with the opportunity to show their talent, creativity and love for nature. The students may get scholarships if they perform well.609-984-6021 Stephanie Dalessio;Contact:What's the $ 1,000 College JumpStart Scholarship mainly based on? )(1A.Certificate.B.Virtue.C.Protecting wildlife.D.Helping black students.Who can minority nationality students call for help if they want to get a scholarship?2)( A.Stephanie Dalessio.B.Adrian Monk.C.Daniel WhiteD.Andrew H. Ragland.Which of the following is intended for New Mexican students? )(3A.5 Strong Scholarship.B.$ 1,000 College JumpStart Scholarship.C.ACF Andrew Piech Memorial Scholarship.D.Species On The Edge 2. 0 Social Scholarship.B)(1【答案】D)(2C )(3【分析】本文是一篇应用文,介绍了四个学生奖学金项目。
2015.4(第2部分--2)阅读理解(2)16篇必考一篇(全新版)-副本第二部分阅读理解(2)(2015年4月统考)全真翻译版以下16篇阅读理解考试中100%考一篇,答案是四个选项之一。
出现在考试中阅读部分的第二部分,简化或硬背,必须掌握,原题出现,答案位置不变,考1题10分,一定不可以丢。
建议多看短文的中文意思,然后记下选项答案。
最后附录为搭桥联想记忆法,适合10分钟内强化记忆。
Passage 1(美国及美国人的由来)The United States covers a large part of the North American continent. Its neighbors are Canada to the north and Mexico to the south. Although the United States is a big country , it is not the largest in the world. In 2000, its population was over 222 million.When this land first became a nation, after winning its independence from England, it had thirteen states. Each of the states was represented on the American flag by a star. All these were in the eastern part of the continent. As the nation grew toward the west, new states were added and new stars appeared on the flag. For a long time, there were 48 stars. In 1959, however, two more stars were added to the flag, representing the new states of Alaska and Hawaii.Indians were the first people of the land which is now the United States. There are still many thousands of Indians now living in all parts of the country. Sometimes it is said that the Indians are “the only real Americans”. Most Americans come from all over the world. Those who came first in greatest numbers to make their homes on the eastern of North America were mostly from England. It is for the reason that the language of theUnited States is English and that its culture and customs are more like those of England than those of any other country in the world.美国占去北美大陆很大一部分土地。
专业英语四级(阅读)模拟试卷58(题后含答案及解析) 题型有: 5. READING COMPREHENSIONPART V READING COMPREHENSION (25 MIN)Directions: In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer.My job is to provide relevant, factually accurate information that is interesting, useful and entertaining to my readers, be they Brainstorm or ITWeb readers. My job is not to get your corporate message across. If you want to get your corporate message out to the market take an advertisement, or, failing that, do a good enough job that your clients get your message and spread it for you, then you wouldn’t be so desperate that you have to attempt to force me to do it. Secondly, my job is to take information from any sources as I feel are relevant or necessary, and process it into one smooth, seamless story that makes sense, and is easy and pleasant to read. It is not my job to print every single word of jargon and marketing waffle that spews from your lips. Should you choose to spew jargon and marketing waffle during an interview, it will not be used. Try plain, simple English in future. What my job reminds me of is to use comments and quotes that provide knowledge and insight, not to use anything you have said merely because you have said it. What I use and what I do not use in a story is my privilege. Should I choose not to use your quote there is nothing you can do about it. Further, my job is to write stories that my readers want to read, thus keeping the magazine or website’s ideas alive and kicking, and thus providing advertisers with an audience to advertise to. Should I write what you want me to write my readers will stop reading and you will have no vehicle for your marketing and advertising. Additionally, should you have a hissy fit and threaten to pull your ads, or never advertise again, because I ran a story you did not like, or did not use your quotes, or looked at you funny when you were having a bad day, you are not going to get a sympathetic response. You will get a positive and professional response. Nice people will kindly attempt to explain to you about press freedom, and what is enshrined in SA’s constitution, and that “really, really, we’re sorry but advertising people have no control over what those journalists do”. What you will get from me is the pleasure of never being interviewed by me again. I will not be blackmailed. I will not be bullied. And I most certainly will not interview you again, knowing that if you happen to take an ad for that feature you will assume I am running your quotes to keep you happy. Conversely, I will not do an interview knowing that if I do not run your quotes you will assume it is because you have not taken an ad. So the next time you have the urge to ask me if you can approve copy, or tell my sales team that you will not take an ad unless you are guaranteed editorial, remember the above and think about what you are actually doing. You areasking me to compromise my ethics, credibility, reputation, integrity and—ultimately —my career and I will not do that—for you or anyone.1.The author suggests that corporate message should be sent to the consumers primarily byA.committing to advertising.B.improving product quality.C.spreading public praise.D.attracting more readers.正确答案:A解析:题干中的primarily表明我们要查找传达商业信息的首选做法,第2段第2句中的or,failing that,表明其前面提到的take an advertisement就是首选做法,该句提到的其他做法都是在“广告”这个途径失败后才采取的,由此可见,本题应选A。
12月英语六级翻译热点预测及答案请将下面这段话翻译成英文:户外广告是现代城市景观中不可或缺的部分,反映着城市的繁荣程度,文化特色和品位。
企业热切地希望通过户外广告不断提升形象,传播商业信息。
各级政府也希望通过它树立城市形象,美化(beautify)城市。
户外广告将会有广阔的市场,同时也对其提出了更高的要求。
随着现代科学技术的迅猛发展,户外广告开始采用新材料、新技术、新设备。
户外LED媒体是一种能够显示文字、图像、二维或三维(three-dimensional)动画等内容的显示媒体,它的产生开创了户外媒体的新时代。
四六级作文万能句型1.Along with the advance of the society more and moreproblems are brought to our attention one of which is that…随着社会的不断发展,出现了越来越多的问题,其中之一便是……2.As to whether it isa blessing or a curse,however,peopletake different attitudes. 然而,对于此类问题,人们持不同的看法。
3.As society develops,people are attaching much Importance to…随着社会的发展,人们开始关注……4.People are attaching more and more importance to theinterview during job hunting.求职的程中,人们慢慢意识到面试的重要性。
5.As to whether it is worthwhile.there is a long runningcontroversial debate It is quite natural that people from different bac kgrounds may have divergent attitudes towards it.关于是否值得的问题,一直以来争论不休。
人教版高中英语广告阅读练习题20题【含答案解析】1. The advertisement mainly promotes _____.A. a new bookB. a new movieC. a new gameD. a new restaurant答案解析:B。
本题考查对广告主旨的理解。
通过阅读广告内容可知,广告中有很多关于电影的描述,如电影的主演、剧情等,而没有提到书、游戏和餐厅的相关内容,所以答案是B。
2. According to the advertisement, the movie will be released on _____.A. MondayB. TuesdayC. WednesdayD. Thursday答案解析:C。
本题考查对广告细节的理解。
广告中明确提到电影将在周三上映,所以答案是C。
3. The advertisement says that the movie is suitable for _____.A. children onlyB. adults onlyC. both children and adultsD. neither children nor adults答案解析:C。
本题考查对广告细节的理解。
广告中提到电影适合各个年龄段的人观看,所以答案是C。
4. The advertisement mentions that the movie has _____.A. amazing special effectsB. famous actorsC. a touching storyD. all of the above答案解析:D。
本题考查对广告细节的理解。
广告中提到电影有惊人的特效、著名的演员和感人的故事,所以答案是D。
5. The advertisement encourages people to _____.A. watch the movie at homeB. watch the movie in the cinemaC. read reviews before watching the movieD. wait for the DVD release答案解析:B。
本篇阅读材料“户外广告——广告牌的兴起”选自《经济学人》(原文标题:Out-of-home advertising Billboard boom 2011.4.20)。
如果大家觉得比较简单,就当作泛读材料了解了解,认识几个新单词或新表达方式也不错。
如果大家觉得这些材料理解上有难度,不妨当做挑战自己的拔高训练,希望大家都有进步^^The future of out-of-home advertising is rosy, and digital.ROADSIDE billboards, posters on buses and subway escalators, ads in airport terminals—a type of publicity known as out-of-home advertising—used to be the dull end of the industry. No more. The falling price and improving quality of flat-screen displays mean that static posters printed on paper are being replaced by snazzy digital commercials with moving pictures, sound and sometimes interactive features. As some advertising media, especially newspapers, see their audiences fade, streets, airports and other public spaces are becoming crowded with more potential viewers than ever, as people continue moving to cities and travel more.MagnaGlobal, a media researcher, predicts thatworldwide spending on out-of-home advertising will expand by 8.3% in 2011 to about $26.4 billion, faster growth than that seen for other non-internet forms of advertising. Spending on digital billboards and posters is expected to double in the next five years, to $5.2 billion. William Eccleshare, who runs the international operations of Clear Channel, an American firm which is one of the largest out-of-home ad companies, thinks that in some countries more than 90% of its business will be digital by the decade’s end.His arch-rival, Jean-Charles Decaux, the boss of France’s JCDecaux, agrees that there will be a significant switch to digital, but mainly inside airports, railway stations, shopping malls and other controlled environments. Ads in bus shelters and other outdoor spots at risk of vandalism will take a lot longer to move away from paper, Mr Decaux thinks. Digital displays already account for about one-quarter of his company’s sales in transport hubs, but for less than 5% in street furniture and billboards.The pace of the switch to digital is but the least of several areas of disagreement between the two men.JCDecaux boasted in February that it had overtaken Clear Channel to become the world’s largest out-of-home ad company, with revenues of €2.4 billion ($3.2 billion) last year. “It is rare that a European media company is bigger than an American one,” says Mr Decaux. Because his group is less indebted than the others, Mr Decaux says it could consider buying the American operations of CBS Outdoor, the world number three, or indeed those of Clear Channel itself, if the opportunity arose.Mr Eccleshare dismisses such provocative talk, noting that Mr Decaux has repeatedly talked of big acquisitions in America—where it is a weak number four in the market—without anything happening. He acknowledges that there will be consolidation in the highly fragmented industry, though he expects it to take place within, rather than across, national borders. For instance, China has 60,000 out-of-home advertising firms, many of them microbusinesses with one or two signs, and is clearly ripe for rationalisation.Clear Channel is so optimistic about digital posters because it believes they offer enormouspotential for making advertisements more effective. Advertisers can tailor their pitch to the time of day: McDonald’s can advertise its sausage and egg McMuffin at breakfast time, change to its regular Big Mac fare at lunch and follow that with ads for apple pie and ice cream during teatime. They can also react to events as they happen: when Spain won the football World Cup last year, digital billboards in Madrid, sponsored by Nike, showed the result within seconds.Advertisers constantly talk about wanting to “engage” with consumers, so they are taking great interest in the potential for interactivity that digital technology will bring. JCDecaux, for example, is offering a free iPhone application called U snap: when a consumer sees a poster (paper or digital) for something that attracts his interest and takes a photo of it on his phone, the app recognises it, gives him product information and discount vouchers and directs him to the nearest retailer.Then there is “gladvertising” and “sadvertising”, a rather sinister-sounding idea in which billboards with embedded cameras, linked to face-trackingsoftware, detect the mood of each consumer who passes by, and change the advertising on display to suit it. The technology matches movements of the eyes and mouth to six expression patterns corresponding to happiness, anger, sadness, fear, surprise and disgust. An unhappy-looking person might be rewarded with ads for a sun-drenched beach or a luscious chocolate bar while those wearing an anxious frown might be reassured (some might say exploited) with an ad for insurance.Such Big Brotherish software would no doubt detect a satisfied grin on the faces of out-of-home advertising bosses as they contemplate the next 18 months, in which a string of big events will boost their business: the Rugby World Cup, the American presidential election, the Euro 2012 football championship and the London Olympics. Wherever you go —the street, the subway, the airport or the bus station —there will be no escape from ads linked to these events, and the out-of-home advertising firms will be raking it in.【重点单词及短语】static adj. 静态的snazzy adj. 时髦的;华丽而俗气的arch-rival n. 主要竞争对手;劲敌vandalism n. 故意破坏;破坏公物provocative adj. 挑衅的;刺激的consolidation n. 巩固;合并ripe for 时机成熟;为……做好准备take interest in 对……感兴趣interactivity n. 交互性;互动性discount voucher 折扣券;优惠券contemplate v. 沉思;注视;思忖;预期a string of 一系列;一串rake in 迅速大量取得;大量地敛集(钱财)Question time:1. What is out-of-home advertising?2. Why Clear Channel takes a positive attitude for digital posters?。