下载文档原格式
超详细的离心式压缩机介绍离心式压缩机是一种常见的压缩设备，被广泛应用于工业、航空、石油化工、制药等领域。
本文将对离心式压缩机的工作原理、结构特点、性能参数以及应用领域进行详细介绍。
一、工作原理离心式压缩机利用离心力、动能转换和压缩空气来实现压缩的作用。
其工作原理可以简单地分为四个步骤：吸气、旋转运动、压缩和排气。
1.吸气：在吸气过程中，压缩机的进气口通过进气管道将大量的空气吸入到转子内部。
2.旋转运动：进气的空气经过进气口进入到离心式压缩机的转子内，受到高速旋转的转子叶片的作用，空气被带动向外发散。
在旋转过程中，转子叶片会不断地提升和压缩空气。
3.压缩：随着转子旋转速度的增加，空气受到离心作用力的作用，对空气进行加速，并通过转子叶片进行高速压缩。
在这一过程中，空气的温度和压力都会不断上升。
4.排气：旋转过程中，空气在进气部分的中心孔上生成高压区域，接着由高压区域流向较低压的周围区域，最终通过出气口排出。
二、结构特点离心式压缩机的结构主要由驱动装置、离心机组、排气部分、润滑装置和控制装置组成。
1.驱动装置：用于提供转子旋转的动力，通常是由电动机驱动。
2.离心机组：由转子、叶片、转子轴和壳体组成。
转子是离心式压缩机的核心部件，主要负责压缩气体。
3.排气部分：包括进气管道、进气口、气室、出气管道和出气口。
4.润滑装置：用于保证离心式压缩机的正常运行和延长使用寿命，通常采用润滑油进行润滑。
5.控制装置：用于控制离心式压缩机的运行参数和保护装置，确保其安全运行。
三、性能参数离心式压缩机的性能参数直接影响到其工作效率和性能。
1.流量：指单位时间内进入离心式压缩机的气体体积，通常以立方米/分钟或立方米/小时表示。
2.压力比：指离心式压缩机排气压力与进气压力之比，标志着其压缩效果。
3.压力水平：指离心式压缩机能够达到的最高压力。
4.转速：指离心式压缩机转子旋转的速度，通常以每分钟转数（RPM）表示。
5.能效比：指离心式压缩机消耗单位电能产生的压缩空气量，是衡量其能效的指标。
主机部分油站部分容器部分仪控部分编制校对审核标审批准日期目录第0章前言第1章概述1.1 一般说明1.2产品规格及主要参数1.3离心压缩机性能曲线第2章离心压缩机本体结构介绍2.1 离心压缩机型号的意义2.2 定子2.3 转子2.4 支撑轴承2.5 止推轴承2.6 轴端密封2.7 联轴器2.8 联轴器护罩2.9 底座2.10 轴监视第3章离心压缩机安装3.1 基础3.2 安装和灌浆3.3 找正与联接第4章离心压缩机的操作4.1 启动之前要采取的措施4.2 启动4.3 运行期间监督4.4 正常停机4.5 非正常停机（跳闸停机）4.6 运行期间的故障4.7 长期运行前的准备4.8 不运行期间的维护第5章离心压缩机维修5.1 维修说明5.2 检查一览表5.3 压缩机在运转中的故障排除5.4 维修要点5.5组装5.6安装在压缩机上的调节装置和仪表的拆、装 5.7 离心压缩机运输的防护措施5.8 干气密封（见干气密封使用说明书）第6章备件说明书6.1 订购备件6.2 备件长期保管6.3 危险备件6.4 零件返修第7章润滑油系统7.1 润滑油系统的用途7.2 润滑油系统的组成7.3 润滑油系统中各组部件的结构特征及使用维护7.3.1 油箱7.3.2 油泵7.3.3 冷油器7.3.4 滤油器7.3.5 压力调节阀7.3.6 安全阀7.3.7 润滑油站内部连接管路7.3.8润滑油高位油箱7.4 润滑油系统开车过程7.4.1 开车前的检查工作7.4.2 油箱注油7.4.3 加热润滑油并启动油泵7.4.4 向冷油器提供冷却水7.5油系统参数7.6 润滑油性能参数第8章气体冷却器第9章气液分离器第10章防喘振控制10.1 透平压缩机喘振的机理 10.2 防喘振控制第11章自控系统11.1 气路系统11.2 润滑油系统前言该操作说明书用于熟悉2MCL离心压缩机装置和应用该压缩机装置的工程技术人员。
操作说明书包括如何安全地，合适地、经济地使用该压缩机装置的重要资料。
Rotary screw air compressors GENESIS5.5kW - 22 kWThe complete compressed air workstationA true compressed air work station,providing clean and dry air,in less than one square metre of floor space **Genesis 5.5,7.5,11 and 15Yesterday’s Traditional installationINNOVATIONThe new Genesis is a unique all encompassing compressed air station replacing the many individual components that comprise a traditional system,saving you valuable space.The new Genesis includes everything you need to provide a reliable source of high quality,dry,clean compressed air to your system in one convenient unit.LOWER NOISE LEVELSWith operating noise levels between 57db(A) and 69 dB(A) the Genesis compressor can be located directly into the working environment and nearer the point of use,creatinga more comfortable workplace and reducing installation costs.REDUCED MAINTENANCESpecial attention has been directed toward the ease of service in the design of the new Genesis compressor.Extended serviceintervals,quick and simple access to all components and the use of convenient ‘spin on’oil filter and air/oil separator allow for a minimum disruption and a reduction in maintenance costs.AESTHETIC DESIGNThe Genesis is a hardworking industrial machine designed for heavy use,even so the design of the new Genesis means that it looks good.The proportional,clean and modern design of the new Genesis is attractive in any environment.INSTALLATIONA traditional compressed air system comprising eight individual components can be replaced entirely with a single Genesis compressed air station.The unique Genesis concept is not only convenient but is also much simpler to install,easier to move and requires far less space when compared to a traditional system.A simple connection to a suitable power supply and to the compressed air network is all that is required to effect an immediate installation.AIR QUALITYThe new Genesis compressor has been deigned from the outset to provide clean compressed air in line with key environmental objectives.This means the Genesis runs cooler and cleaner than other compressors.In addition the Genesis is fitted with an efficient air treatment package comprising refrigerant dryer with R134a gas,pre filtration,hyper filtration and modular condensate drain.The compressed air provided by the Genesis is exceptionally clean and dry,suitable for hundreds of sophisticated applications throughout industry .TodayThe Genesis solutionCompressor Air end IP55 Electric Motor MC2 Controller Starter Enclosure Built-in refrigerant dryer,pre-filter and final-filter.Frequency converter fitted to variable speed (I) version Automatic cooling fan Air inlet filterSpin on separator cartridge Spin on oil filter Intake regulator Cabinet pre-filter Air and oil coolerAutomatic drive belt tensioner Minimum pressure valve Air receiver16151413121110987654321NEW The 16 points making the difference:13412141652156713891011The complete compressed air workstationTHE ENCAPSULATED AIR ENDThe ABAC screw compressors are fitted with the unique TriAB air ends that are designed and built exclusively at the ABAC factories,which are certified to ISO 9001.The highest quality standards are strictly adhered to throughout the manufacturing process ensuring continuous high quality .Highly developed,asymmetric rotor profiles with precision ground 5/6 lobe configuration,provides higher compressed air output with lower power consumption.Each rotor is fitted with 3 oversized high precision bearings allowing a longer air end life.The shaft seal with a 3 lip design provides total protection from oil and other contaminants.Toothed safety washers and special locking nut ensure that the rotor tolerances are set throughout the life of the unit for improved reliabilityTHE ENCAPSULATED AIR ENDLatest generation microprocessor based multi-controller,with easy to use menu driven operation with backlit display,message box and fault log,special functions and emergency warning.The MC2 controller also features:-Optional hardware expansionAbility to interface with other compressors using the optional interface card.Daily and/or weekly operational programming of up to 4 compressors allowing start/stop switching and sequencing control.Remote control Auto -restartProgrammed routine maintenance Diagnostic functions with fault logTHE ENCAPSULATED AIR ENDOne of the most important factors in achieving increased performance and a longer service life with all rotary screw compressors is the quality of the inlet air.With this in mind,theGENESIS range features a two stage air filtration system; air enters through a cabinet pre-filter panel,which helps to keep the internalcomponents of the compressor clean,as well as maintaining optimum cooling efficiency .The second stage of filtration occurs as the air flows through a highly efficient air suction filter,this ensures that the air entering the compressor element is cleaned efficiently,thus providing a considerably longer service life to the whole compressor.TriAB Air EndsMC2 ControllerEfficient air Inlet filtrationTomorrow’s air compressor todayTHE ENCAPSULATED AIR END In the design of the GENESIS series a good deal of consideration was given to providing accessibility and ease of maintenance.All standard service components have been positioned at the front of the compressor thus allowing immediate accessibility by simply removing the front panel.Convenient service accessTHE ENCAPSULATED AIR ENDThe ideal positioning of all service items along with the simple quickaccess and the use of spin on oil filter and separator allow service work to be carried out quickly and safely .The extended service intervals help to reduce costs further.Simple maintenance andreduced costsTHE ENCAPSULATED AIR ENDThe GENESIS compressor provides highquality compressed air in line with keyenvironmental objectives.The unique internal design of the vertical air/oil separator vessel coupled with the high efficiency separator cartridge allows very clean compressed air to be provided at outlet.Oil content within the delivered compressed air is less than 3 mg.per cubic metre.A large capacity delivery hose made with robust stainless steel ensures low losses and improved reliability .High quality airTHE ENCAPSULATED AIR END The greater air flow generated by the electric fan provides for very efficient cooling even during continuous use and in higher ambient temperatures.This combined with the use of over sized air and oil heat exchangers allow the GENESIS compressor to operate at very low temperatures,resulting in a longer life to both the machine and all components including the lubricant.Low operating temperaturesTHE ENCAPSULATED AIR ENDThe main components such as the motor and air end are mounted onto a sturdy base plate which is supported by large anti vibration dampers that absorb the vibration and reduce noise levels.The cabinet on the GENESIS has been acoustically engineered so as to reduce noise levels entering the environmentsignificantly.Low noise levelsTHE ENCAPSULATED AIR END The entire GENESIS range features an automatic transmission belt tensioning system.This ensures a longer life to the belts and improved power transmission and therefore lower energy costs.The design of the new system also allows simple and quick replacement to the belts when required.Automatic transmission beltadjustmentGENESIS Compressed air treatmentTechnical dataGenesis 5.5/08Genesis 5.5/10Genesis 5.5/13Genesis 7.5/08Genesis 7.5/10Genesis 7.5/13Genesis 11/08Genesis 11/10Genesis 11/13Genesis 15/08Genesis 15/10Genesis 15/13Genesis 18.5/08 Genesis 18.5/10 Genesis 18.5/13 Genesis 22/08 Genesis 22/10 Genesis 22/13 Variable speed versionGenesis 11/I Genesis 22/ICapacity FAD ISO 1217Cfm m 3min27.540.7824.340.6919.060.5442.37 1.2036.72 1.0428.240.8058.26 1.6549.43 1.4041.31 1.1781.91 2.3268.14 1.9357.20 1.6299.57 2.8288.27 2.5074.15 2.10117.22 3.32104.16 2.9588.272.5015.5 -58.26*0.44 -1.65*32.5-117.22*0.92 - 3.32*81161014513188811610145131888116101451318881161014513188811610145131888116101451318881168116275275275275500500275500TriAB 51TriAB 51TriAB 51TriAB 69TriAB 69TriAB 69TriAB 51TriAB 691180 x 615 x 16451180 x 615 x 16451180 x 615 x 16451180 x 615 x 16451960 x 710 x 18001960 x 710 x 18001180 x 615 x 16451960 x 710 x 180038539039540072072040072565-6667-6868-6965-6665-6667-6957-66***60-69***PressureBarPsi5.57.57.5101115152018.525223011152230Motor kWHPAir-end typeDimensions W x D x HWeightAir ReceiverNoise dB (A)**Model* Denotes minimum and maximum free air delivery for variable speed (I) version only ** Noise pressure level measured at 4m in accordance ISO 3744*** Noise level on variable speed version will vary according to load conditionsWORKING CONDITIONS:-Intake air pressure 1 bar-Air temperature at intake 20°CAll GENESIS compressors are fitted with a built in air treatment package comprising refrigerant dryer with R134A gas,pre-filter,final-filter and modular condensate drain.The operation of the dryer and condensate drains is conveniently controlled by the compressors main MC2controller this provides for efficient dew point control and allows the fridge compressor to cycle efficiently .The GENESIS is fitted with both pre and final high efficiency filtration resulting in particles,oil and water droplets being removed before entering the compressed air system.The compressed air produced therefore is extremely clean and dry and suitable for use in applications invarious industries.For added convenience all the various condensate drain points are connected to a common manifold which is then connected to a single condensate outlet which can be easily piped to a suitable collection facility .EnergySavedThe Genesis I version with advanced high efficiency vectorial frequency inverter offers many advantages over normal air compressors.Provides a constant air pressure selectable to any value between 6 and 13 bar.The compressed air generated precisely matches the demands of the system with no wasteage.Soft start reduces current surges providing further energy savings Constantly varying output between 25% and 100% capacity .Genesis I variable speed- V- normal air compressorsGenesis I Variable speed - Matching the air generation to demand and saving you power!The solid state high quality frequency inverter is housed in the ideal position within the main starter enclosure.The cabinet and cables are fully protected to provide electromagnetic screening to stringent EC directives.A safety cut out switch is located on the door of the enclosure providing additional safety .Approximately 80% of the cost of owning and running an air compressor over 5 years is electricity.Value over a period of 5 yearsCod.93648Printing11/4 CUSTOMER SERVICEA full product support package is available to all of our customers throughout the world.Qualified technical advice and support is provided in strategic locations and in all majorcountries.Advice on installation,selection,additional equipment,maintenancemanagement and environmental issues is available on request.DistributorABAC air compressors are manufactured in compliance with:98/37 CE machinery Directive;87/404 CE simple pressure vessels Directive;73/23 CE low voltage Directive;89/336 CE for electromagnetic compatibility;2000/14 CE for noise level.Providing the highest levels of performancefor the entire life of the compressor is our mainobjective.The use of GENUINE ABAC SPAREPARTS guarantees the correct and safeoperation of the GENESIS Compressor andmaintains continuous performance.Demand GENUINE ABAC SPARE PARTS fromyour local distributor.GENUINE ABAC Spare partsABAC UK LTDUnit 11 Granville WayChaucer Business ParkBicester,OxonOX26 4JTUKTel: 01869 326226Fax: 01869 326216e-mail:*****************.uk。
离心压缩机主要零部件工艺过程离心压缩机主要零部件的工艺过程一、叶轮一）、工艺分析从设计结构上看分开式叶轮、半开式叶轮、封闭式叶轮；又可分为两元叶轮（包括叶片叶轮）、三元叶轮（叶片为扭曲）；还可分为前向叶轮、径向叶轮、后向叶轮；还有单吸叶轮和双吸叶轮之分。
从工艺方法上看可分为铆接叶轮、焊接叶轮及整体铸造叶轮。
其中铆接叶轮可分为全铆叶轮、铣制（叶片在轴盘上铣出）铆接叶轮及铆接结合叶轮；焊接叶轮可分为全焊（三件焊）叶轮及两件（叶片在轴盘或前盘铣出）焊接叶轮，铣制焊接叶轮又分为流道内焊接（叶轮流道较宽）叶轮及流道外焊接叶轮（这样的叶轮流道较窄或叶片曲率较大），其中流道外焊接叶轮又分为开槽焊叶轮及钎焊叶轮等；整体铸造叶轮分为钛合金铸造叶轮及铸铝叶轮。
二）、铣制焊接叶轮工艺过程轴盘、盖板外协锻件毛坯→粗车→预备热处理→切试圈→超声波探伤→按焊前加工图加工（①车②铣叶片③钳工修磨叶片、流道）→磁粉探伤→拼装焊接→消应力处理→修磨焊逢→喷砂→着色探伤→热处理前加工（车、留余量）→最终热处理→机械性能试验→喷砂→着色探伤→钳工修出风口→精车→综检→动平衡→超速试验→着色检验。
三）、叶轮作动平衡叶轮在综检合格后进行单个叶轮动平衡试验，目的在于检查其材质质量是否均匀及制造误差，并将其不平衡量消除或减小到允许范围内，为下一步的叶轮超速试验作必要的准备。
四）、叶轮超速试验对于焊接叶轮在单个叶轮作完动平衡试验后需要以最大连续工作转速的115%进行运转，运转时间为1-5分钟。
超速后进行两项检查，其一是检查口圈变形量，其二是检查焊逢经超转后是否有裂纹产生。
其目的是检查叶轮的强度和刚度。
二、主轴一）、作用在风机中，所有旋转零件（如叶轮、隔套、平衡盘、推力盘等）都要安装在主轴上，才能实现其转动，所以风机主轴是用以支撑旋转零件和传递扭矩的。
二）、分类按其结构主轴可分为节鞭式轴、阶梯式轴、光轴及空心轴。
节鞭式轴的特点是轴上不用级间隔套，但这种轴工艺性差，不易加工。
