当前位置：文档之家 › chapter1-part1

chapter1-part1

  • 格式：pdf
  • 大小：3.21 MB
  • 文档页数：81

Who Is Society’s Choice?
Larry: 37%
Curly: 34%
Moe: 28%
Scenario 3: One of the “others” would have been perfectly satisfactory to supporters of all three named candidates. Maybe that candidate should be the winner.
The Mathematics of Voting (Chapter 1)
Suppose that voters were allowed to rank all the candidates instead of having to choose just one. In what different ways might we use that additional information to design a voting method? How can we use mathematics to analyze whether a voting method is fair, or to compare methods to each othgubernatorial_election,_1998
Example: 1998 Minnesota Gubernatorial Election
Candidate Percentage of Votes1 Jesse Ventura (I) 36.99% (winner) Norm Coleman (R) 34.29% Skip Humphrey (D) 28.09% All others 0.63% Given that the winner only received ≈ 37% of the votes, how sure can we be that the system produced an outcome that reflected the will of the voters?
Example: The 2000 US Presidential Election
Popular Vote Popular Vote Electoral Candidate (US)2 (FL)3 Votes George W. Bush 47.87% 48.847% 271 Al Gore 48.38% 48.838% 266 Ralph Nader 2.74% 1.635% 0 All others 1.01% 0.680% 0
Who Is Society’s Choice?
Larry: 37%
Curly: 34%
Moe: 28%
Scenario 2: Supporters of both Curly and Moe would have listed Larry as their last choice. Maybe there should be a runoff between Curly and Moe.
The Mathematics of Voting (Chapter 1)
What is the best way to conduct an election? That is, what is the fairest way to transform a set of individual preferences into a single societal preference? How can we use mathematics to design, analyze and compare different election methods? How can we use mathematics to say what “fair” means? Mathematical fact: No voting method can succeed in being completely fair all the time.
Example: 1998 Minnesota Gubernatorial Election
Candidate Percentage of Votes1 Jesse Ventura (I) 36.99% (winner) Norm Coleman (R) 34.29% Skip Humphrey (D) 28.09% All others 0.63%
1
/wiki/Minnesota_gubernatorial_election,_1998
Who Is Society’s Choice?
Ventura: 37%
Coleman: 34%
Humphrey: 28%
Who Is Society’s Choice?
The Mathematics of Voting (Chapter 1)
Suppose that voters were allowed to rank all the candidates instead of having to choose just one. In what different ways might we use that additional information to design a voting method? How can we use mathematics to analyze whether a voting method is fair, or to compare methods to each other? How can we use mathematics to analyze how resistant a voting method is to strategic voting?
2 3
/pubrec/fe2000/elecpop.htm /pubrec/2000presgeresults.htm
What is the best way to conduct an election? That is, what is the fairest way to transform a set of individual preferences into a single societal preference?
Part 1: The Mathematics of Social Choice
Voting and Elections
The Mathematics of Voting (Chapter 1)
What is the best way to conduct an election?
The Mathematics of Voting (Chapter 1)
Strategic Voting
In many situations, voters can affect election results by strategic voting (a.k.a. insincere voting). (“If my favorite candidate has no chance to win, then I will vote instead for someone I like less, but who has a chance to win.”)
The Mathematics of Voting (Chapter 1)
What is the best way to conduct an election? That is, what is the fairest way to transform a set of individual preferences into a single societal preference? How can we use mathematics to design, analyze and compare different election methods? How can we use mathematics to say what “fair” means?
The Mathematics of Voting (Chapter 1)
Suppose that voters were allowed to rank all the candidates instead of having to choose just one.
The Mathematics of Voting (Chapter 1)
1
/wiki/Minnesota_gubernatorial_election,_1998
Example: 1998 Minnesota Gubernatorial Election
Candidate Percentage of Votes1 Jesse Ventura (I) 36.99% (winner) Norm Coleman (R) 34.29% Skip Humphrey (D) 28.09% All others 0.63% Given that the winner only received ≈ 37% of the votes, how sure can we be that the system produced an outcome that reflected the will of the voters? Important Point: As mathematicians, we are studying election methods. Who the particular candidates are, or which parties they belong to, doesn’t matter.
Larry: 37%
Curly: 34%
Moe: 28%
Who Is Society’s Choice?

合集下载

chapter 1 Colonization of North America

chapter 1 Colonization of North America

Survey of British & AmHistory Part Two Introduction of Geography , population and the formation of the Union Part Three The Constitution and the Government & The Amendments Part Four Education Part Five Immigration and Ethnicity Part Six Family and Personal Relationships & Work Part Seven Domestic Economy & Social welfare Part Eight Political Parties and Interest Groups Part Nine The Print Media & The Electronic Media Part Ten Leisure and Recreation &Tourism and Holidays Part Eleven American and the World & Belief and Religion
(2) Amerigo Vespucci:
① the importance: He was for a time regarded as the discoverer of the new land because he wrote many letters in which the new continents were described in great detail and the letters were most quickly published and widely spread. Although he was not the discoverer of the new continents, but it was he who first confirmed the fact that a new continent rather than Asia had been discovered. ②the origin of the “America”: A false impression was created that it was Vespucci rather than Columbus who first discovered the New World, and so in 1507 the New World was named after him, the Latin form of his Christian name, Amerigo.
高三英语读后续写一轮复习《夏日友晴天》chapter1课件

高三英语读后续写一轮复习《夏日友晴天》chapter1课件

7."Yeah, well, the curious fish gets caught!" Daniela said. 【倒霉】get caught 原意为被卷入某事，后引申为“没好下场”。
8.Luca wanted desperately to hear more of Grandma's stories of the land monster town. 【渴望】desperately通常被认为是“绝望地”，而其英语释义很好地解释了本义：
2."Ah!" Mr. Branzino shouted, startled by the interruption. "Hi, Luca." 【惊吓】此处startled作 非谓语动词 ，词义的生动形象的同时也丰富了句式。
3.He threw himself at the goatfish, but Giuseppe wriggled free. 【挣脱】由文本可推，“挣扎着要……”可表示为：wriggle sth
glimpse at/ catch or get a glimpse of
stare/ gaze at
gasp with delight/ gasp in horor/ gasp for breath
非谓语动词
e1. He drifted down the river, sailing out to sea.
LUCA
《夏日友晴天》
OUTLINE
The core of the film, or the biggest theme, is friendship, the friendship between an introverted child and an extroverted child. They know themselves and achieve each other in the process of growing up. It is also the true story of the director himself. He took the scene on the spot and did it very carefully.
chapter1 setting up a business

chapter1 setting up a business

第一章教学单元教案设计第一章教学单元讲稿Fundamentals of Business 工商导论一，本课内容：Chapter 1 Setting up a Business课程名称：工商导论二，分析思路：1) Part One 引入Warm-up DiscussionDo you know these companies?2) Part Two 要点解析Company types:1, Sole Proprietorship2, Partnership3, Limited Liability company4, joint-stock enterprise5, Mergers & Acquisitions6, Franchise3)Part Three 师生互动1, Can you name some business giants in the Automobile Industry, Electrical Appliance, IT Industry, Mobil phone?2, which form of business ownership do you want to choose if you want to start your business upon graduation?4)Part Four 课程小结三，课程导入：Warm-up DiscussionDo you know these companies?四，教授内容一)Sole Proprietorship (个体企业)1.definitionAn organization that is owned, and usually managed, by a person or family is called sole proprietorship. It is the oldest, most common, and simplest form of business organization.Eg: neighborhood news-stand, barber house2.Sole Proprietorship - Key Attributes●Creation (minimum requirements) - No Formalities for creating a sole proprietorship.●Profits / Losses / Distributions - Owner may use all profits and losses for business.●Liability - Owner faces unlimited personal liability.●Capital / Financing - All capital obtained from owner or through loans based onowner's creditworthiness.●Management and Control - Owner manages and controls the company.●Reporting Requirements - None.3.Advantages and disadvantagesAdvantages: Can make decisions quicklyKeeps all the rewardsEasy to set upPrivacy of business affairsDisadvantages: Limited sources of financeUnlimited liability, i.e. can lose personal assetsLimited managerial skillsNo one to share workload and ideas二)Partnership (合伙制)1.DefinitionA partnership is the relationship existing between two or more persons who join to carryon a trade or business. Each person contributes money, property, labor or skill, and expects to share in the profits and losses of the business.E.g. "Big Four" accountancy firms (“四大”会计师事务所)PriceWaterhouse Coopers 普华永道会计师事务所KPMG（毕马威）是世界上最大的专业服务机构之一。

新思维小学英语4AChapter 1 PartAB课件

新思维小学英语4AChapter 1 PartAB课件


THANKS
国际象棋
• listen ___to____music
4.
1. lay
ller
8.
9. aint
6.
ea
2.
ate
mu
7.
3. o
5. ch
i
What do you like doing?
--What do you like doing? --I like eating ice cream. --I like listening to some music.
Chapter 1 Knowing our friends
read reading 阅读 paint painting 画画 dance dancing 跳舞 roller-skate roller-skating 滑旱冰 jog jogging 慢跑 swim swimming 游泳 play chess playing chess 下国际象棋 listen to music listening to music 听音乐
--I like watching fireworks.
like + n (名词) like + doing (动名词)
• I like toys.
I like playing toys.
• I like English. I like listening to music.
• I like books. I like reading.
• I like Ironman. I like painting.
• I like reading.( read reading) • I like painting.( paint painting) • I like playing chess.( play playing)