职称英语考试试题1

职称外语考试试题第一部分：听力理解（共20小题，每小题1.5分，共30分）在下面的对话或独白中，你将听到10段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白读一遍。

1. What does the man suggest the woman do?A. Take a break from work.B. Have a cup of tea.C. Continue working.2. Where does the man suggest going for dinner?A. An Italian restaurant.B. A seafood restaurant.C. A vegetarian restaurant.3. What does the woman want to do?A. Travel.B. Study.C. Exercise.4. What does the man ask the woman to do?A. Check the mail.B. Buy some groceries.C. Water the plants.5. What is the man going to do this weekend?A. Visit his sister.B. Go to a concert.C. Work on his project.6. What does the woman imply about Tom?A. He enjoys his job.B. He has a lot of free time.C. He is not satisfied with his job.7. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Boss and employee.B. Teacher and student.C. Colleagues.8. What does the man mean?A. They should start cleaning now.B. They should wait until later to clean.C. They should hire someone to clean.9. What does the woman offer to do?A. Drive the man to work.B. Help the man prepare for the meeting.C. Attend the meeting for the man.10. How does the woman feel about the new movie?A. Excited.B. Uninterested.C. Indifferent.第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2.5分，共50分）阅读下列短文，然后从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

职称英语考试理工类试题及答案(1)第一部分：词汇选项（第1-15题，每题1分，共15分）下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线, 请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与画线部分意义最相近的词或短语。

答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

1.The union representative put across her argument very effectively.A explainedB inventedC consideredD accepted2.He talks tough but has a tender heart.A heavyB strongC kindD wild3.It is no use debating the relative merits of this policy.A makingB takingC discussingD expecting4.Our statistics show that we consume all that we are capable of producing.A wasteB buyC useD sell5.The fuel tanks had a capacity of 140 liters.A functionB abilityC powerD volume6.Our lives are intimately bound up with theirs.A tenselyB nearlyC carefullyD closely7.Her faith upheld her in times of sadness.A supportedB excitedC in spiredD directed8.The book provides a concise analysis of the country f s history.A cleanB perfectC realD brief9.It is laid down in the regulations that all members must carry their membership cards at all times.A suggestedB warnedC statedD con firmed10.The council meeting terminated at 2 o'clock.A beganB continuedC endedD resumed11.Red flag was placed there as a token of dan ger.A signB substituteC proofD target12.However bad the situation is, the majority is unwilling to risk change.A reluctantB eagerC pleasedD angry13.It has been said that the Acts provided a new course of action and did not merely regulate or enlarge an old one.A limitB controlC replaceD offset14.The secretary is expected to explore ideas for post-war reconstruction of the area.A denyB investigateC stressD create15.The steadily rising cost of labor on the waterfront has greatly increased the cost of shipping cargo by water.A graduallyB suddenlyC excessivelyD exceptionally第2部分：阅读判断（第16-22题，每题1分，共7分）阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。

职称英语考试综合类A级试题及答案第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分)下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请从每个句子背面所给旳4个选项中选择1个与画线部分意义最相近旳词或短语。

请将答案涂在答题卡对应旳位置上。

1 Mary has blended the ingredients．A mixedB madeC cookedD eaten2 They agreed to modify their policy．A clarifyB changeC defineD develop3 The economy continued to exhibit signs of decline in September.A playB sendC showD tell4 A notably short man，he plays basketball with his staff several times a week.A practicallyB considerablyC remarkablyD completely5 The dentist has decided to extract her bad tooth.A take outB repairC push inD dig6 It is absurd to predict that the sun will not rise tomorrow．A ridiculousB funnyC oddD foolish7 A lot of people could fall ill after drinking contaminated water.A muddiedB pollutedC mixedD troubled8 The room is dim and quiet．A tinyB pleasantD agreeable9 The index is the government’s chief gauge of future economic activityA measureB opinionC evaluationD decision10 It’s prudent to start any exercise program gradually at first．A workableB sensibleC possibleD feasible11 He is renowned for his skill.A rememberedC praisedB recommendedD well-known12 You have to be patient if you want to sustain your position．A maintainB establishC acquire13 She stood there trembling with fear.A jumpingB cryingC swayingD shaking14 Medical facilities are being upgraded．A renewedB repairedC improvedD increased15 Mary looked pale and weary．A gloomyB uglyC sillyD exhausted第2部分：阅渎判断(第16～22题，每题1分，共7分)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文旳内容对每个句子做出判断。

职称英语考试试题一、听力理解（共20分）Section A：短对话理解1. What is the man going to do this weekend?a) Visit his parents.b) Go to a concert.c) Work on a project.2. Why does the woman refuse the man's invitation?a) She has to study for an exam.b) She is not interested in the event.c) She has another appointment.Section B：长对话理解Listen to the conversation between a manager and an employee about a new project. Choose the best answer for each question.3. What is the main topic of the conversation?a) The company's financial status.b) The details of a new project.c) The employee's performance review.4. What is the deadline for the project?a) One month from now.b) Two weeks from now.c) Three days from now.二、阅读理解（共30分）Passage 1In recent years, the concept of a "work-life balance" has become increasingly important in the corporate world. Companies are recognizing the benefits of allowing employees to have more control over their work schedules and personal lives.5. What is the main idea of the passage?a) The importance of work-life balance.b) The benefits of flexible work schedules.c) The corporate world's recognition of employee needs.Passage 2The article discusses the impact of technology on education. It highlights how the use of digital tools can enhance learning experiences and make education more accessible to a wider audience.6. According to the article, what is one advantage of using technology in education?a) It reduces the need for physical classrooms.b) It makes learning more personalized.c) It lowers the cost of education.三、写作（共25分）Task 1: Write a memo to your colleagues about an upcomingteam-building event. Include the date, time, location, andthe purpose of the event.Task 2: Write an email to a client, explaining the benefitsof a new product or service your company is offering.四、口语（共25分）Part A: Introduce yourself to a new colleague, mentioningyour name, position, and something interesting about your work.Part B: Describe a situation where you had to resolve aconflict at work. Explain the steps you took to resolve the issue.注意：这份试题仅供练习使用，实际考试内容和形式可能会有所不同。

职称英语考试题库和答案一、单选题1. The company has decided to ________ its employees to attend a training course on computer skills.A. forceB. encourageC. allowD. require答案：B2. Despite the heavy rain, they ________ to finish the work on time.A. managedB. triedC. failedD. forgot答案：A3. The project was ________ due to the lack of funds.A. delayedB. completedC. canceledD. postponed答案：A4. The new policy will ________ a significant impact on the environment.A. haveB. makeC. createD. produce答案：A5. The teacher asked the students to ________ their homework before class.A. hand inB. hand outC. hand overD. hand down答案：A二、阅读理解Passage 1In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the use of renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind power. These sources are considered environmentally friendly and sustainable, as they do not produce harmful emissions and are inexhaustible. Governments around the world are investing in research and development to improve the efficiency and affordability of these technologies.6. What is the main topic of the passage?B. Environmental pollutionC. Government investmentsD. Technological advancements答案：A7. Why are renewable energy sources considered environmentally friendly?A. They produce harmful emissions.B. They are inexhaustible.C. They do not produce harmful emissions.D. They are affordable.答案：C8. What is one reason governments are investing in renewable energy?A. To reduce pollution.C. To limit research and development.D. To decrease the use of fossil fuels.答案：APassage 2The concept of work-life balance has become increasingly important in modern society. Many employees are seeking flexible work arrangements to better manage their personal and professional lives. Companies that offer such arrangements are often more attractive to potential employees and can benefit from increased productivity and employee satisfaction.9. What is the main idea of the passage?A. The importance of work-life balance.B. The drawbacks of flexible work arrangements.C. The unattractiveness of companies without flexible work arrangements.D. The decrease in employee productivity.答案：A10. What is one benefit for companies that offer flexible work arrangements?A. Lower employee satisfaction.B. Decreased productivity.C. Increased employee turnover.D. Increased productivity and satisfaction.答案：D三、完形填空In today's fast-paced world, it is more important than ever to stay organized. One of the best ways to do this is by using a planner. A planner can help you keep track of your appointments, deadlines, and tasks. It can also help you prioritize your work and 11 your time more effectively.11. A. manageB. wasteC. saveD. spend答案：AUsing a planner can also help you 12 your goals and track your progress. This can be especially helpful if you have a lot on your plate and need to stay focused. By breaking down your goals into smaller, manageable tasks, you can 13 a sense of accomplishment as you complete each one.12. A. achieveB. forgetC. setD. ignore答案：C13. A. gainB. loseC. findD. miss答案：AIn addition, using a planner can help you 14 your time better by identifying when you are most productive. This can help you schedule your tasks during your peak productivity times, leading to increased efficiency and 15.14. A. useB. wasteC. saveD. spend答案：A15. A. stressB. successC. failureD. confusion答案：B四、翻译题16. 随着科技的发展，远程工作变得越来越普遍。

一级职称英语试题及答案一、选择题（每题1分，共10分）1. The meeting is scheduled to start at 9 a.m. sharp. Which of the following is the correct interpretation of "sharp"?A. PreciselyB. At the startC. At the endD. At any time2. The new policy has been implemented to address the issue of employee turnover.A. to solveB. to ignoreC. to postponeD. to prevent3. Despite the heavy rain, they managed to reach the summit before dark.A. In spite ofB. Because ofC. As a result ofD. Due to4. The company has invested a significant amount of capital in research and development.A. moneyB. timeD. energy5. The project was delayed due to unforeseen circumstances.A. expectedB. predictedC. plannedD. unexpected6. The committee is responsible for overseeing the implementation of the new regulations.A. supervisingB. ignoringC. followingD. implementing7. The report should be submitted by the end of the month.A. beforeB. afterC. duringD. at the start of8. The negotiations were successful, and both parties reacheda consensus.A. disagreementB. misunderstandingC. agreementD. conflict9. The new software has significantly improved our efficiency in data processing.B. increasedC. remained the sameD. fluctuated10. The proposal was rejected because it did not meet the company's requirements.A. acceptedB. approvedC. deniedD. rejected二、填空题（每空1分，共10分）1. The _______ (会议) will be held in the conference room.2. The _______ (报告) needs to be submitted by the deadline.3. The _______ (项目) is expected to be completed by the endof the year.4. The _______ (市场) research has provided valuable insights.5. The _______ (团队) has been working on the project for several months.6. The _______ (计划) has been revised to meet the new objectives.7. The _______ (预算) has been approved by the finance department.8. The _______ (政策) change will take effect next month.9. The _______ (问题) was resolved after a series of discussions.10. The _______ (建议) was taken into consideration and implemented.三、阅读理解（每题2分，共20分）Read the following passage and answer the questions.Passage 1:In recent years, there has been a growing interest in sustainable development. Companies are now more focused on reducing their carbon footprint and adopting eco-friendly practices. This shift is driven by both environmental concerns and the desire to improve their public image.1. What is the main focus of companies in recent years?A. Increasing profitsB. Reducing carbon footprintC. Expanding marketsD. Hiring more employees2. What is driving the shift towards sustainable development?A. Government regulationsB. Public demandC. Environmental concerns and public imageD. Technological advancementsPassage 2:The use of artificial intelligence (AI) in various industries has revolutionized the way businesses operate. AI can automate repetitive tasks, analyze large amounts of data, and provide insights that were previously unattainable. This has led to increased efficiency and productivity in many sectors.3. What has AI done for businesses?A. Increased costsB. Reduced efficiencyC. Automated tasks and improved insightsD. Limited data analysis4. What is one of the benefits of using AI?A. Lower productivityB. Increased efficiencyC. Higher costsD. Less data analysis四、翻译题（每题5分，共10分）1. 请将下列句子从中文翻译成英文：“我们公司致力于为客户提供高质量的服务。

职称英语考试综合类A级试题与答案第1部分：词汇选项〔第1~15题,每题1分,共15分〕下面共有15个句子,每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线,请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与画线部分意义最相近的词或短语.答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上.1 The union representative put across her argument very effectively.A explainedB inventedC consideredD accepted2 He talks tough but has a tender heart.A heavyB strongC kindD wild3 It is no use debating the relative merits of this policy.A makingB takingC discussingD expecting4 Our statistics show that we consume all that we are capable of producingA wasteB buyC useD sell5 The fuel tanks had a capacity of 140 liters.A functionB abilityC powerD volume6 Our lives are intimately bound up with theirs.A tenselyB nearlyC carefullyD closely7 Her faith upheld her in times of sadnessA supportedB excitedC inspiredD directed8 The book provides a concise analysis of the country’s history.A cleanB perfectC realD brief9 It is laid down in the regulations that all members must carry their memb ership cards at all times.A suggestedB warnedC statedD confirmed10 The council meeting terminated at 2 o’clockA beganB continuedC endedD resumed11 A red flag was placed there as a token of danger.A signB substituteC proofD target12 However bad the situation is, the majority is unwilling to risk change.A reluctantB eagerC pleasedD angry13 It has been said that the Acts provided a new course of action and did n ot merely regulate or enlarge an old one.A limitB controlC replaceD offset14 The secretary is expected to explore ideas for post-war reconstruction of the area.A denyB investigateC stressD create15 The steadily rising cost of labor on the waterfront has greatly increased the cost of shipping cargo by water.A graduallyB suddenlyC excessivelyD exceptionally第2部分：阅读判断〔第16~22题,每题1分,共7分〕阅读下面这篇短文,短文后列出7个句子,请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断.如果该句提供的是正确信息,请在答题卡上把A涂黑；如果该句提供的是错误信息,请在答题卡上把B涂黑；如果该句的信息文章中没有提与,请在答题卡上把C涂黑Principles of Governing PersuasionIf leadership consists of getting thing done through others, then persuasio n is one of the leader’s essential to ols. Many executives have assumed that th is tool is beyond their grasp, available only to the charismatic<有魅力的> and the eloquent. Over the past several decades, though, experimental psychologists have learned which methods reliably lead people to concede, comply, or change. Their research shows that persuasion is governed by several principles that ca n be taught and applied.The first principle is that people are more likely to follow someone who is similar to them than someone who is not. Wise managers, then, ask peers to hel p make their cases. Second, people are more willing to cooperate with those who are not only like them but who like them, as well. So it’s worth the time to uncover real similarities and offer genuine praise.Third, experiments confirm the intuitive truth that people tend to treat yo u the way you treat them. It’s sound policy to do a favor before seeking one. Fourth, individuals are more likely to keep promises they make voluntarily and clearly. The message for managers here is to get commitments in writing. Fifth, studies show that people really do defer to <服从> experts. So before they att empt to exert influence, executives should take pains to establish their own ex pertise and not assume that it’s self-evident. Finally, people want more of a commodity when it’s scarce; it follows, then, that exclusive information is mo re persuasive than widely available data.16 Experiments have confirmed the assumption of many executives.A rightB WrongC Not mentioned17 People are more likely to cooperate with those who like them.A rightB WrongC Not mentioned18 Managers do not employ those who are quite different from them.A rightB WrongC Not mentioned19 There is no need for a manager to find out the merits of his employees.A rightB WrongC Not mentioned20 Experiments have shown that, contrary to our expectation, people tend to treat you the way you treat them.A rightB WrongC Not mentioned21 There are as many wise managers as there are stupid ones.A rightB WrongC Not mentioned22 Exclusive information is more persuasive than widely known data.A rightB WrongC Not mentioned第3部分：概括大意与完成句子〔第23~ 30题,每题1分,共8分〕阅读下面这篇短文,短文后有2项测试任务：〔1〕第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2,3,5和6段每段选择1个正确的小标题；〔2〕第27~30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项,分别完成每个句子.请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上.Keeping Cut Flowers1 While everybody enjoys fresh cut flowers around his house, few people kno w how to keep them for as long as possible. This may be done by keeping in mind a few simple facts.2 An important thing to remember about cut flowers is that they are sensiti ve to temperature. For example, studies have shown that cut carnations<康乃馨> retain their freshness eight times longer when kept at 12oC than when kept at 2 60c. Keeping freshly harvested flowers at the right temperatures is probably th e most important aspect of flower care.3 Flowers are not intended by nature to live very long. Their biological pu rpose is simply to attract birds or insects, such as bees, for pollination <授粉>. After that, they quickly dry up and die. The process by which flowers cons ume oxygen and produce carbon dioxide <二氧化碳>, called respiration <呼吸>, ge nerates the energy the flower needs to give the flower its shape and colour. The making of seeds also depends on this energy. While all living things respire, flowers have a high level of respiration. A result of all this respiration is heat, and for flowers the level of heat relative to the mass of the flower is v ery high. Respiration also brings about the eventual death of the flower. Thus the greater the level of respiration, the sooner the flower dies.4 How, then, to control the rate at which flowers die? By controlling respi ration. How is respiration controlled? By controlling temperature. We know that respiration produces heat, but the reverse is also true. Thus by maintaining l ow temperatures, respiration is reduced and the cut flower will age more slowl y.5 Another vital factor in keeping cut flowers is the quality of the water i n which they are placed. Flowers find it difficult to "drink〞 water that is di rty or otherwise polluted. Even when water looks and smells clean, it almost ce rtainly contains harmful substances that can endanger the flowers. To rid the w ater of these unwanted substances, household chlorine bleach <含氯漂白剂> can b e used in small quantities. It is recommended that 15 drops of chlorine bleach< at 4% solution> be added to each litre of water. The water and solution should also be replaced each day.A Control of RespirationB Beauty of Fresh Cut FlowersC Role of RespirationD Most Important Aspect of Flower CareE Need for Clean WaterF Ways of Stopping Respiration23 Paragraph 2__________________24 Paragraph 3__________________25 Paragraph 4__________________26 Paragraph 5__________________27 A few simple facts will help you keep cut flowers_______________28 Respiration plays a key role________________29 The aging of cut flowers can be slowed down_________________30 Another important way to prolong the life of cut flowers is ____________ ________A by keeping its original shape and colourB in the life of the cut flowerC to produce carbon dioxideD for as long as possibleE by controlling temperatureF to replace the water and solution every day第4部分：阅读理解〔第31~45题,每题3分,共45分〕下面有3篇短文,每篇短文后有5道题,每道题后面有4个选项.请根据文章的内容,从每题所给的4个选项中选择个最佳答案,涂在答题卡相应的位置上.第一篇 "Salty〞 Rice Plant Boosts HarvestsBritish scientists are breeding a new generation of rice plants that will b e able to grow in soil containing salt water. Their work may enable abandoned f arms to become productive once more.Tim Flowers and Tony Yeo, from Sussex University’s School of Biological Sc iences, have spent several years researching how crops, such as rice, could be made to grow in water that has become salty.The pair have recently begun a three-year programme, funded by the Biotechn ology and Biological Sciences Research Council, to establish which genes enable some plants to survive salty conditions. The aim is to breed this capability i nto crops, starting with rice.It is estimated that each year more than 10m hectares〔公顷〕 of agricultur al land are lost because salt gets into the soil and stunts〔妨碍生长〕plants. The problem is caused by several factors. In the tropics, mangroves〔红树林〕 t hat create swamps〔沼泽〕 and traditionally formed barriers to sea water have b een cut down. In the Mediterranean, a series of droughts have caused the watertable to drop, allowing sea water to seep〔渗透〕in. in Latin America, irrigati on often causes problems when water is evaporated〔蒸发〕 by the heat, leaving salt deposits behind.Excess salt then enters the plants and prevents them functioning normally. Heavy concentrations of minerals in the plants stop them drawing up the water t hey need to survive.To overcome these problems, Flowers and Yeo decided to breed rice plants th at take in very little slat and store what they do absorb in cells that do not affect the plants‘ growth. They have started to breed these characteristics in to a new rice crop, but it will take about eight harvests before the resulting seeds are ready to be considered for commercial use.Once the characteristics for surviving salty soil are known, Flowers and Ye o will try to breed the appropriate genes into all manners of crops and plants. Land that has been abandoned to nature will then be able to bloom again, provi ding much needed food in the poorer countries of the world.31 Which of the following statements about Flowers and Yeo is true？A They are students at Sussex University.B They are rice breeders.C They are husband and wife.D They are colleagues at an institution of higher learning.32 Flowers and Yeo have started a programmeA to find ways to prevent water pollution.B to identify genes that promote growth in salty soil.C to breed rice plants that taste salty.D to find ways to remove excessive salt from soil.33 Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a cause of the problem discus sed in the passage？A Natural barriers to sea water have been destroyed.B the water table has gone down after droughts.C Sea level has been continuously rising.D Evaporation of water leaves salt behind34 The word "affect〞 in Paragraph 6 could be best replaced byA "influence〞B "effect〞C "stop〞D "present〞35 The attitude of the author towards the research project isA positiveB negative.C suspiciousD indifferent.第二篇Ford’s Assembly LineWhen it comes to singling out those who have made a difference in all our l ives, you cannot overlook Henry Ford. A historian a century from now might well conclude that it was Ford who most influenced all manufacturing, everywhere, e ven to this day, by introducing a new way to make cars-one, strange to say, tha t originated in slaughterhouses〔屠宰场〕.Back in the early 1900‘s, slaughterhouses used what could have been called a "disassembly line〞. Ford reversed this process to see if it would speed up p roduction of a part of an automobile engine called a magneto. Rather than have each worker completely assemble a magneto, one of its elements was placed on a conveyer, and each worker, as it passed, added another component to it, the same one each time. Professor David Hounshell of the University of Delaware, an ex pert on industrial development, tells what happened."The previous day, workers carrying out the entire process had averaged one assembly every 20 minutes. But on that day, on the line, the assemble team ave raged one every 13 minutes and 10 seconds per person.〞Within a year, the time had been reduced to five minutes. In 1913, Ford wen t all the way. Hooked together by ropes, partially assembled vehicles were towe d〔拖,拉〕past workers who completed them one piece at a time. It hasn‘t long before Ford was turning out several hundred thousand cars a year, a remarkable achievement then. And so efficient and economical was this new system that he c ut the price of his cars in half, to $260, putting them within reach of all tho se who, up until that time, could not afford them. Soon, auto makers the world over copied him. In fact, he encouraged them to do so by writing a book about a ll of his innovations, entitled Today and Tomorrow. The Age of the Automobile h as arrived. Today, aided by robots and other forms of automation〔自动化〕, eve rything from toasters to perfumes is made on assembly lines.36 Which of the following statements about Henry Ford is NOT true?A He introduced a new way of production.B He influenced all manufacturing.C He inspired other auto makers.D He changed a historian’s mind.37 The writer mentions〞 slaughterhouses〞 because they were the places whe reA Ford’s assembly line originatedB Ford made his first car.C Ford readjusted the assembly line.D Ford innovated the disassembly line.38 A magneto is a technical term forA an automobile.B a production lineC a part of an automobile engine.D a disassembly line39 the phrase〞 turning out〞 in the last paragraph could be best replaced byA " producing〞B " selling〞C "buying〞D "fixing〞40 The invention of the assembly line enabled Henry FordA to create more jobs for the unemployedB to write a book on historyC to reduce the price of his cars to $260D to cut the production of his cars by 50%第三篇 PlayPlay is the principal business of childhood, and in recent years research h as shown the great importance of play in the development of a human being. From earliest infancy, every child needs opportunity and the right materials for pl ay, and the main tools of play are toys. Their main function is to suggest, enc ourage and assist play. To succeed in this they must be good toys, which childr en will play with often, and will come back to again and again. Therefore it is important to choose suitable toys for different stages of a child’s developme nt.In recent years research on infant development has shown that the standard a child is likely to reach, within the range of his inherited abilities, is lar gely determined in the first three years of his life. So a baby’s ability to p rofit from the right play materials should not be underestimated. A baby who is encouraged and stimulated, talked to and shown things and played with, has the best chance of growing up successfully.In the next stage, from three to five years old, curiosity knows no bounds. Every type of suitable toy should be made available to the child, for trying o ut, experimenting and learning, for discovering his own particular ability. Bri cks and jigsaws〔七巧板〕and construction toys; painting, scribbling<涂鸦> and making things; sand and water play; toys for imaginative and pretending play; t he first social games for learning to play and get on with others.Bt the third stage of play development-from five to seven or eight years-th e child is at school. But for a few more years play is still the best way of le arning, at home or at school. It is easier to see which type of toys the chills most enjoys.Until the age of seven or eight, play and work mean much the same to a chil d. But once reading has been mastered, then books and school become the main so urce of learning. Toys are still interesting and valuable, they lead on to new hobbies, but their significance has changed-to a child of nice or ten years, to ys and games mean, as to adults, relaxation and fun.41 The passage tells us that as a child grows upA he should be allowed to choose his own toys.B he should be given identical toys.C he should be given different toys.D he should be given fewer and fewer toys.42 According to the passage, the abilities a child has inherited from his p arentsA determine his characterB will not change after the age of three.C partly determine the standard he is likely to reach.D to a large extent determine the choice of toys.43 Who have the best chance of growing up successfully?A Those who tend to overeatB Those who are given a lot of toys.C Those who are given toys, talked to and played with.D Those who can share their toys with their playmates.44 We learn from the passage that a child has boundless curiosityA when he is twoB when he is around four.C when he is six.D when he is eight.45 The passage is mainly aboutA the importance of pre-school educationB the importance of schooling.C the role of play in a child’s developmentD the choice of toys for adolescents.第5部分：补全短文〔第46~50题,每题2分,共10分〕阅读下面的短文,文章中有5处空白,文章后面有6组文字,请根据文章的内容选择5组文字,将其分别放回文章原来位置,以恢复文章原貌.请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上.Science and TechnologyThere is a difference between science and technology._________<46>. Science has to do with discovering the facts and relationships between observable phen omena in nature and with establishing theories that serve to organize these fac ts and relationships; technology has to do with tools, techniques, and procedur es for applying the findings of science.________<47>Progress in science excludes the human factor. Scientists, who seek to unde rstand the universe and know the truth within the highest degree of accuracy an d certainty, cannot pay attention to their own or other people’s likes or disl ikes or to popular ideas about the fitness of things._________<48>. But even an unpleasant truth is more than likely to be useful; besides we have the choice of refusing to believe it ! But hardly so with technology; we do not have the c hoice of refusing to hear the sound produced by a supersonic<超音速的> aircraft flying overhead; we cannot refuse to breathe polluted air._________<49>The pur pose of technology is to serve people-people in general, not merely some people; and future generations, not merely those who presently wish to gain advantage for themselves.__________<50> Many people blame technology itself for widespread pollution, resource depletion<枯竭> and even social decay in general-so much so that the promise of technology is " obscured ". That promise is a cleaner and healthier world. If wise applications of science and technology do not lead to a better w orld, what else will?A Another distinction between science and technology has to do with the pro gress in each.B Unlike science, progress in technology must be measured in terms of the h uman factor.C What scientists discover may shock or anger people ---as did Darwin’s th eory of evolution.D Science and technology are different.E We are all familiar with the improper use of technology.F Science is a method of answering theoretical questions; technology is a m ethod of solving practical problems.第6部分：完形填空〔第51~65题,每题1分,共15分〕阅读下面的短文,文中有15处空白,每处空白给出了4个选项同,请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案,涂在答题卡相应的位置上Cost as a Factor in SupplyIn a purely competitive market, the supplier of goods and services has no c ontrol over the market price, because he produces too little to influence marke t conditions. With no difference between his products and the products________< 51> his competitors, he will sell nothing if he charges above the market price and he will sell all if he charges at or __________<52> the market price. Howev er, in considering the price, he must take the ____________<53>of production in to consideration. There are times when he may be willing to sell below his cost. This might happen when prices tumble for__________<54> he believes will be a s hort time. However, no business person can __________<55>to lose money for a pr olonged period. He must be constantly __________<56>of his costs in relation to the market price if he is to competes successfully and earn a profit.Many people have the impression that as production increases, costs per uni t decrease._________<57>mass production has made this true in certain industrie s and at certain levels of production,________<58> logic and practical experien ces have shown that costs per unit begin to rise beyond a certain level of prod uction. Some economists_________<59>to this principle as the law of increasing costs.The reason costs rise as production goes up is __________<60>. However, it is easy to recognize that as production goes up, the need for additional factor s of production will also grow,__________<61>competitive bidding in the marketp lace for the factors of production. If a producer needs___________<62> skilled labor to produce more, and none of this labor is unemployed, the producer will have to get __________<63>from other sources. This can be done by ___________<6 4>higher wages. Higher bidding would also apply to the other factors of product ion. We must also recognize that not all labor is equally productive, _________ __<65>not all land is equally fertile and not all ore<矿石>is equally rich in t he mineral wanted.51 A to B at C of D on52 A below B beneath C over D above53 A price B cost C worth D profit54 A that B why C what D if55 A afford B pretend C offer D try56 A sure B afraid C aware D suspicious57 A Because B Since C When D While58 A both B neither C none D any59 A resort B refer C turn D attend60 A clear B simple C difficult D complex61 A bringing B resulting in C including D carrying out62 A less B numerous C more D many63 A them B these C it D those64 A offering B cutting C reducing D having65 A as if B just as C because D while答案：1A 2C 3C 4C 5D 6D 7A 8D 9C 10C 11A 12A 13B 14B 15A16B 17A 18C 19B 20B 21C 22A 23D 24C 25A 26E 27D 28B 29E 30F31D 32B 33C 34A 35A 36D 37A 38C 39A 40C 41C 42C 43C 44B 45C46F 47A 48C 49B 50E51C 52A 53B 54C 55A 56C 57D 58A 59B 60D 61B 62C 63C 64A 65B。

全国职称英语等级考试全真题及答案全国职称英语等级考试全真题及答案第一部分阅读理解 (75分)Passage 1The 16th century, known as the "Age of Genius", was a complicated (复杂) and difficult time to live. Many countries fought for the power and riches of the newly discovered Americas. Men introduced new ideas which demanded great changes in older ideas. Despite these problems and possibly because of them, wonderful things were done by the greatest of men.It is indeed difficult to know why in some periods you find many men of genius while in others you may find few. The "Age of Genius", however, produced some of the greatest thinkers, painters, authors, and scientists.In Italy during the High Renaissance (文艺复兴), a period of the "Age of Genius", three famous painters started their work. They were Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo and Raphael.Leonardo da Vinci is famous not only for his beautiful paintings but also for his talent in the sciences. One of his best - known painting is the "Mona Lisa." Michelangelo was also a man of many talents. He was an artist; he wrote poems; he drew plans for buildings; and he worked with other forms of art. His best- known work is the painting on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel in Rome (罗马西斯教堂).Raphael was known for his painting. He made well-balanced pictures out of many different actions.1. Another name for the 16th century is the ________.A. Classical AgeB. Middle AgesC. "Age of Genius"D. Age of Renaissance2. To know why in some periods you find many intelligent men and few in other is __________.A. an easy thing to doB. a very difficult thing to doC. not important&nb。

职称英语试题一、单选题1.What do you think of the book?A. Interesting.B. Useful.C. Both A and B.D. Neither A nor B.Answer: C解析：这本书既有趣又有用，所以选 C。

2.The new employee __________ the news that he got a promotion.A. was surprisedB. will surpriseC. is surprisingD. has surprisedAnswer: A解析：这个新员工对他被晋升的消息感到惊讶，所以选 A。

3.The company’s profit __________ by 10% last year.A. will increaseB. is increasingC. increasedD. has increasedAnswer: C解析：公司的利润去年增加了10%，所以选 C。

4.John is studying __________ French as his second language.A. aB. anC. theD. no articleAnswer: D解析：John正在学习法语作为他的第二门语言，所以选 D。

二、填空题1.She couldn’t find her keys, so she __________ to search for them.Answer: continued解析：她找不到她的钥匙，所以她继续寻找。

2.The meeting will __________ at 2:00 PM tomorrow.Answer: take place解析：会议将在明天下午2点举行。

三、阅读理解New Year’s ResolutionsNew Year’s resolutions are promises people make to themselves about what they will do differently in the coming year. One of the most popular resolutions is to lose weight. Many people join a gym and start eating healthy in order to achieve this goal. Another popular resolution is to save money. People often set a budget and start saving as a way to be more financially responsible. Some people resolve to learn a new skill or hobby. This could involve taking a class or practicing regularly to achieve the desired outcome.It is important to make realistic resolutions that are achievable. Setting goals that are too difficult or unrealistic can lead to disappointment and failure. It is also helpful to have a plan for achieving the goal. Breaking the goal down into smaller, more manageable steps can make it easier to accomplish.1.What are New Year’s resolutions?Answer: Promises people make to themselves about what they will do differently in the coming year.解析：新年决心是人们对自己在来年要做的事情做出的承诺。