科技英语作业
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九下英语科技作文English:In today's digital age, technology plays an integral role in our lives. It has revolutionized the way we communicate, learn, work, and entertain ourselves. One of the major advancements in technology is the internet, which has connected people from all around the world, making the world a global village. With just a few clicks, we can access vast amounts of information, connect with friends and family through social media platforms, and even shop online. The internet has also transformed education, as students can now take online courses and gain knowledge from experts across the globe. Additionally, technology has made work more efficient and convenient. With the help of computers and software programs, tasks that used to take days can now be completed in a matter of hours. Moreover, technology has improved communication by providing various means of connecting with others. We can now easily send emails, make video calls, and use messaging apps to stay in touch with friends, family, and colleagues. Furthermore, technology has brought entertainment to new heights. Streaming platforms, such as Netflix and YouTube, offer a wide range of movies,TV shows, and videos for our enjoyment. Virtual reality and augmented reality have also enhanced our gaming experiences. From mobile phones to smart homes, technology has become an integral part of our daily routine. However, it is important to remember to use technology responsibly and balance its use with real-life interactions to maintain a healthy lifestyle.中文翻译:在当今数字时代,科技在我们的生活中扮演着重要的角色。
作业2:科技英语翻译实践一、翻译句子请将以下句子翻译成英语:“这个实验需要使用精密的仪器和专业的技术知识,因此需要专业的团队来完成。
”二、作业分析这个作业要求我们翻译一个科技英语句子,主要考察了我们对专业词汇、语法和表达方式的理解和运用能力。
在翻译过程中,我们需要考虑到专业术语的准确表达,以及句子结构的合理安排。
三、答案翻译结果:This experiment requires the use of precise instruments and professional technical knowledge, therefore, a professional team is needed to complete it.四、作业答疑针对翻译中可能存在的问题,以下是一些建议:1. 专业术语的使用:在翻译中,需要使用专业的科技英语词汇,如“仪器”、“技术知识”、“专业团队”等。
确保这些词汇的准确性和专业性。
2. 句子的结构:英语句子通常有主语和谓语,有时还会有宾语、定语等其他成分。
在翻译中,需要注意句子的结构,确保句子成分的正确排列。
3. 表达方式的准确性:在翻译过程中,需要注意表达方式的准确性,尤其是对于一些描述性的词汇和短语。
确保译文能够清晰、准确地传达原意。
五、拓展建议除了完成作业中的要求,还可以尝试以下方式提高自己的科技英语水平:1. 阅读科技文献:尝试阅读一些科技领域的英文文献,了解专业词汇和表达方式,提高自己的阅读和理解能力。
2. 模拟翻译:可以尝试模拟一些科技英语翻译情景,如专业报告、技术手册等,通过实际操作提高自己的翻译能力。
3. 参与学术交流:参与相关领域的学术交流活动,与其他专业人士互动,了解不同观点和思路,拓展自己的视野。
通过以上方式,可以更好地提高自己的科技英语水平,为今后的学习和工作奠定基础。
科技相关英文作文I'm a big fan of technology and I believe it hasgreatly impacted our lives in many positive ways. From smartphones to smart homes, technology has made our lives more convenient and efficient. For example, I can control the lights, thermostat, and security system in my home with just a few taps on my smartphone. This level of convenience was unimaginable just a few years ago.英文,I also love how technology has improved communication. With social media and messaging apps, I can easily stay in touch with friends and family around the world. It's amazing to think that I can have real-time conversations with someone on the other side of the globe, all thanks to technology.中文,我还喜欢科技如何改善了沟通。
有了社交媒体和消息应用程序,我可以轻松地与世界各地的朋友和家人保持联系。
想想我可以与世界另一端的人进行实时对话,这都归功于科技。
In addition, technology has revolutionized the way we work and learn. For instance, I can attend online classes and webinars to improve my skills and knowledge without having to leave the comfort of my home. This level of accessibility has opened up so many opportunities for people around the world.英文,Furthermore, technology has also had a huge impact on the healthcare industry. With the advancement of medical technology, doctors are able to diagnose and treat illnesses more accurately and efficiently. For example, robotic surgery has made complex procedures safer and less invasive, leading to faster recovery times for patients.中文,此外,科技也对医疗行业产生了巨大影响。
试题1.第1题单选题Every year we say we’ll spend less at Christmas, andevery year it still _______.A、keeps under controlB、comes to the endC、gets out of handD、goes beyond reach标准答案:C2.第2题单选题Tom's father, as well as his mother, _____ in New Yorkfor a few days more.A、ask him to stayB、asks him to stayC、ask he should stayD、asks he should stay标准答案:B3.第3题单选题The International Whaling Commission warns that if nothing is done to save the whales now the specieswill soon be _______.A、imitatedB、intimatedC、contaminatedD、exterminated标准答案:D4.第4题单选题The receptionist, _____ job was to answer the phone, had laryngitis(喉炎).A、whoseB、whichC、to whomD、that标准答案:A5.第5题单选题If we had known that she had planned to go abroad today, we _____ at the airport.A、would see her offB、would have seen her offC、should see her offD、must have seen her off标准答案:B6.第6题单选题The longer the economic decline is allowed to go on, the more difficult it will be to ______ it.A、underlineB、upsetC、resumeD、reverse标准答案:D7.第7题单选题He is a strange character,_________is very hard to get along with.A、whoB、whichC、thatD、where标准答案:A8.第8题单选题I chose a small room with the window _____ the street.A、 facesB、facedC、facingD、to face标准答案:C9.第9题单选题The oil spillage in the Gulf was of such _______ that its effects will last for decades.A、magnificenceB、maintenanceC、magnitudeD、manipulation标准答案:C10.第10题单选题The following year, ______ victories in local elections strengthened the Conservatives’ position.A、a series ofB、a link ofC、a pattern ofD、a connection of标准答案:A11.第11题单选题The present wave of strikes ______ from discontent among the lower-paid.A、stemsB、trapsC、raisesD、ranges标准答案:A12.第12题单选题---It's too bad Rhonda is moving to Arizona.---I wish it _____ so far away.A、weren'tB、couldn't beC、won't beD、isn't标准答案:A13.第13题单选题Most schools have plans in place for ______ to fires, fights, medical emergencies and other situations that call for quick assessment and decisive action.A、convertingB、 respectingC、restoringD、responding标准答案:D14.第14题单选题The opposing political party is getting ready to ______ apowerful attack on the government.A、intendB、 imprintC、castD、mount标准答案:D15.第15题单选题Living in the central Australian desert has its problems, _____obtaining water is not the least.A、of whichB、for whichC、to whichD、on which标准答案:A16.第16题单选题Winning by a narrow ______, the Lakers now go on to play in the championship. .A、combatB、marginC、fringeD、conquest标准答案:B17.第17题单选题On the whole speculation is ______ upon because it sometimes drives prices up.A、frownedB、disapprovedC、representedD、affected标准答案:A18.第18题单选题He believes in himself, _________, in my opinion, is of great importance.A、 thatB、whichC、whatD、as标准答案:B19.第19题单选题I suppose you couldn't let me borrow your car this evening, _____?A、couldn't youB、don't youC、could youD、will you标准答案:C20.第20题单选题_____ I don't like are the long, dark nights of winter.A、ThatB、WhatC、WhichD、This标准答案:B试卷总得分:35.0试卷总批注:。
科技英语作业(含答案)1. It is important you to get there in time.a) that b) ofc) for d) whether2. He was lucky to escape to prison.a) being sent b) sendingc) to be sent d) sent3. He is very busy his paper. He is far too busy____ callers.a) to write/to receive b) writing/to receivec) writing/receiving d) to write/for receiving4. My younger brother couldn’t help when his toy plane fell into the river.a) to cry b) cryingc) cry d) being cried5. They are going to help the trees.a) watering b) waterc) watered d) while watering6. I remember something like that.a) his saying b) him to sayc) he said d) that he had said7. “My girl friend is in a bad mood.”“Why her some flowers?”a) not giving b) don’t givec) you don’t give d) not give8. The music was so that the audience were to death.a) boring/bored b) bored /boringc) bored /bored d) boring/boring9. He had us all through the meal.a) laugh b) laughed c) laughing d) to laugh10. The question tomorrow is whether income tax should be increased.a) to be debated b) to debatec) debated d) that it will be debated答案:1-5 CABBB 6-10 ADACA1. , they went swimming.a) Be a hot day b) It was a hot dayc) Due to a hot day d) The day being hot2. His parents , the orphan is now taken care of by the government.a) have died b) deadc) dying d) having died3. Rather than everything to the last minute, he always prefers to start early.a) to leave b) leavingc) leave d) having left4. They found the lecture hard .a) to understand b) to be understoodc) for understanding d) for being understood5. I suggest , for he has a long time to wait.a) him to sit down b) he sits downc) he sit down d) him sitting down6. Good-bye, Mr. Jones. I am pleased you.a) to meet b) meetc) to have met d) to have been meeting7. W ould you mind quiet for a moment? I’m trying___a form.a) keeping/filling out b) to keep/to fill outc) keeping/to fill out d) to keep/filling out8. I intended yesterday, but I had to attend a meeting.a) to have come b) to be comingc) to come d) that I came9. I was about the office when the telephone rang.a) leaving b) to have leftc) to leave d) to leaving10. economically, one gallon of oil will last at least two months.a) Using b) Usedc) Having used d) To be used答案:1-5 DDCAC 6-10 CCACB1. According to the time table, the train for London at seven o’clock in the evening.A. was leavingB. has leftC. leaves2. You needn’t hurry her. She it by the time you are ready.A. will have finishedB. would finishC. will have been finishingD. will be finishing3. While Peggy , her brother is playing records.A. readsB. is readingC. has readD. has been reading4. We on it for several hours, but we have not yet reached any conclusion.A. workB. are workingC. have been workingD. have been worked5. The children many times not to go near the street.A. have toldB. toldC. have been toldD. were being told6. The new type of computer is going to the month after next.A. turn outB. be turned outC. will be turn outD. will turn out7. After being tested in many ways, this newly-designed machine will in the near future.A. be taken actionB. come to useC. be put into useD. take its place8. The team is good, but not as good as .A. oursB. usC. we9. Bob’s work proved than that of others.A. not much betterB. not more betterC. no more as goodD. not much as good10. I think he is than I.A. elder three yearsB. old three yearsC. three years elderD. three years older答案:1-5.CABCC 6-10.BCAAD1. We are glad to when you needed our help.A. helpB. having helped youC. have helpedD. have helped you2. The teacher their exercises.A. made the students doB. make the students doingC. have made the students doD. makes the students done3. He couldn’t hel p but when his toy car fell into the river.A. cryB. to cryC. cryingD. will cry4. Many things impossible in the past are common today.A. consideredB. to considerC. consideringD. being considered5. The noise of desks could be heard out in the street.A. being opened and closedB. be opened and closedC. opening and closingD. having opened and closed6. Never faith in himself, James Watt went on with his experiment.A. losingB. to loseC. lostD. to be lost7. There are four factories in our institute, over 100 workers.A. with each haveB. each havingC. each hasD. with each has over8. Many people favor more nuclear power plants.A. to buildB. builtC. buildD. building9. to the office was very slow this morning because of the traffic.A. To driveB. DrivingC. Being drivenD. I drove10. I would appreciate it a secret between us.A. you to keepB. that you would keepC. your keepingD. that you are keeping答案:1-5. DAAAA 6-10. ABDBCFor each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) andD). Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence.1. The government has devoted a larger part of its national ______ to agriculture than most other countries.A. resourcesB. potentialC. budgetD. economy2. In western countries, it is the ___ for men to wear suits on formal occasions.A. ConvictionB. ConventionC. ConfessionD. concession3. The annual income of school teachers in this place was _________ at $ 900.A. budgeB. predictedC. accountD. assessed4. His long illness and _____________ absence put him far behind in his study.A. sequentB. consequentC. frequentD. subsequent5. If you want to learn English, you must first find a ____________ teacher.A. ableB. desirableC. competentD. significant6. Jane was the only one who _______ all the conditions: she was of the required age, height and degree.A. fulfilledB. recoveredC. appreciatedD. rejected7. We ____ his idea for a music club, and decided to have an art club instead.A. turnedB. rejectedC. acceptedD. isolated8. I appreciate ________ herself to the cause of education.A. of her devotingB. her to devoteC. her devotingD. to devote9. It is most ________ that he attends the conference.A. desirousB. desiringC. desiredD. desirable10. The neighbors let their radio blare late in night just to ______ us.A. spitB. despiteC. spiteD. inspire答案:1-5 CBDBC 6-10 ABCDC11. She couldn’t hide her _______ at his foolish mistake.A. amusementB. fascinationC. HostilityD. recognition12. The publisher’s ______ of his manuscript depressed him.A. ejectionB. rejectionC. injectionD. dejection13. It is highly desirable that every effort _____to reduce pollution in Beijing.A. was madeB. be madeC. will be madeD. would be made14. He is an artist, so these economic terms are not familiar _________ him.A. withB. ofC. toD. on15. Happiness does not necessarily ________ wealth.A. go afterB. go withC. go onD. go out16. The police set a ____ to catch the thieves.A. planB. deviceC. trapD. trick17.A love marriage, however, does not necessarily _____much sharing of interests and responsibilities.A. take overB. result inC. hold onD. keep to18. Lightning in a _____of electrical current from a cloud to the ground or from one cloud to another.A. rushB. rainbowC. rackD. ribbon19. When he arrived, he found_______ the aged and the sick at home.A. none butB. none other thanC. nothing butD. no other20. The manager needs an assistant that he can ____ to take care of problems in his absence.A. count onB. count inC. count upD. count out答案:11-15 ABBCB 16-20 CBAAA。
科技作文简单英文英文,。
Technology has become an integral part of our lives, and it has significantly impacted the way we live, work and communicate. In my opinion, technology has both positive and negative effects on our lives.On the one hand, technology has made our lives more convenient and efficient. For example, we can now communicate with people from all over the world instantly through social media platforms like Facebook and Twitter. We can also shop online and have our purchases delivered to our doorstep, saving us time and effort. In addition, technology has revolutionized the way we work, allowing us to work remotely and collaborate with colleagues from different parts of the world.On the other hand, technology has also had some negative effects on our lives. For instance, the overuse oftechnology can lead to addiction and social isolation. People may spend too much time on their phones or computers, neglecting their relationships with family and friends. Moreover, technology has also led to job displacement, as many jobs are now automated, leaving many people unemployed.中文:科技已成为我们生活中不可或缺的一部分,它对我们的生活、工作和交流方式都有着重要的影响。
科技题材英文作文模板英文:As a technology enthusiast, I am always fascinated by the latest advancements in the field. In my opinion, technology has revolutionized the way we live our lives and has made it easier for us to communicate, work, and entertain ourselves. However, with great power comes great responsibility, and we must use technology wisely to avoid its negative effects.One of the most significant advancements in technology has been the internet. It has connected people from all over the world and has made it possible for us to access information instantly. However, it has also led to the spread of fake news, cyberbullying, and online scams. Therefore, we must be careful about the information we consume and the people we interact with online.Another area where technology has had a significantimpact is healthcare. With the help of technology, doctors can now diagnose and treat diseases more accurately and efficiently. For example, artificial intelligence can analyze medical images and detect abnormalities that might be missed by human doctors. However, we must also be awareof the ethical implications of using technology in healthcare and ensure that it does not lead todiscrimination or privacy violations.In conclusion, technology has brought about manypositive changes in our lives, but we must also be aware of its negative effects and use it responsibly. As the saying goes, "with great power comes great responsibility."中文:作为一名科技爱好者,我总是被这个领域最新的进展所吸引。
科技科学英文作文英文:Technology and science have greatly influenced our lives. They have brought about many changes and advancements in various fields, such as medicine, communication, transportation, and entertainment. With the help of technology, we can now communicate with people from all over the world, travel to different places faster and more comfortably, and access information and entertainment easily.However, technology and science also have their drawbacks. They can be addictive and can affect our mental and physical health. For example, spending too much time on social media or playing video games can lead to social isolation and obesity. Moreover, technology can also cause environmental problems, such as pollution and global warming.Despite these negative effects, I believe that technology and science have more benefits than drawbacks. They have made our lives easier, more convenient, and more enjoyable. For instance, we can now use smartphones to order food, book a taxi, or watch a movie, which saves us time and effort. In addition, technology and science have also helped us to solve many global issues, such as hunger, poverty, and disease.Overall, technology and science have brought about many changes to our lives, both positive and negative. It is important for us to use them wisely and responsibly, and to find a balance between their benefits and drawbacks.中文:科技和科学对我们的生活产生了巨大的影响。
科技英文作文万能英文:Technology has revolutionized the way we live, work,and communicate. It has made our lives more convenient, efficient, and productive. From smartphones to social media, technology has become an integral part of our daily routine. It has transformed the way we interact with each other and the world around us.One of the most significant impacts of technology is on communication. With the rise of social media and messaging apps, we can now connect with people from all over theworld instantly. We can share our thoughts, ideas, and experiences with others in real-time. This has made communication faster, easier, and more accessible than ever before.Another area where technology has made a significant impact is in the workplace. With the advent of automationand artificial intelligence, many tasks that were once done by humans can now be done by machines. This has led to increased efficiency, lower costs, and higher productivity in many industries.However, technology also has its downsides. It can be addictive, distracting, and even harmful if not used responsibly. For example, spending too much time on social media can lead to social isolation and a lack of real-life connections. Similarly, relying too heavily on technologyin the workplace can lead to job loss and a loss of human skills.In conclusion, technology has had a profound impact on our lives. It has transformed the way we communicate, work, and live. While it has brought many benefits, it is important to use technology responsibly and be aware of its potential drawbacks.中文:科技已经彻底改变了我们的生活、工作和交流方式。
1. How do you write a good abstract?This is a paper was first reader see part, in the paper was in the beginning, is one of the important piece of content, in search of the electronic resources, the process also play a very significant role, so I write good a the nods eyeball pen to play the role. The applicant resume are like general can decide the article first impression. So write the paper's first task is complete. The following will carefully introduce how to write a good abstract.A good the can give own paper add cent many, the content of the article is generalizations. Let the reader know as soon as possible in the main content of the paper, to supplement the shortage of the title. Science and technology literature amount, readers can not get a paper read through. Readers whether to need to read through a paper, from the title on after the main judge, according to the decision is to, so, with responsibility for the reader and introduces the main contents of the task.The technology for computer retrieving intelligence personnel and provide convenient. Papers published in the magazine, abstract not amend or can make a little changes and, thus, can avoid using directly by others write the possible misunderstanding and wrong, a lack of, it is science and technology literature retrieval and use provides great convenience.Writing the need to pay attention to a lot of problems, writing a good the ability is not a sort of a LianChu can come later. But we can use forreference the methods of other people for their service.First of all we should write the succinct, simply state the purpose of writing a paper, the way and the obtained results can be. Write down the words often useless. For example, "as robots technology development, the application field, a broader problem become the research focus," the word of and did not work.Write the paper before must need to construct a good frame, then the outline of the paper listed, good to be written, and then thesis paper overall understanding, and then summed up a can sum up the whole thesis writing, and this is the. Space is very short, but content but to sum up the whole paper.Next we want to be clear about the classification. Different requirements of different types of the paper, so be sure to according to the requirements of the paper to choose the type, and then write.English abstract voice: the type of voice, both must consider the characteristics, and to meet the needs of the expression. An article in the very short, as far as possible don't mix, don't even in a sentence mixed with.The scientific papers in both Chinese and English writing the standard1) The report, the content of the paper is not add comments and comment brief statement,2) Reports, papers are due to the general, international exchange, also should have the foreign language (English) the multi-purpose;3) The should have independence and self-contained, that is, don't read the report of the paper, the full text, you can obtain the necessary information. The data, in a conclusion, it is a complete essay, can be used independently, can reference, can be used to process promotion. The content should be included and report, with the same amount of main paper information for readers determine whether required reading, and the full text for abstract, the second literature. The general shall explain the purpose of the research work, the experimental method, the results and final conclusion, etc., and the key is the results and conclusions.4) Chinese the generally should not be more than 200 ~ 300 words, foreign language should not be the more than 250 notional. In case of special need words can be slightly more (in order to expand international influence, English in order to try to write a few longer, don't and Chinese the one-to-one.-the editorial note).5) In addition to really no way outside, the flexibility can not figure, the table, the chemical procedural, public symbols and non-public know term.6) Reports, papers can be used in the other page after page title, academic papers in the general title and the author in after before, text.7) Degree thesis, in order to review, academic papers in order toparticipate in the conference, according to the requirements can be written in this type of the variation. From words rules limit.To the law of the People's Republic of national standard scientific technical reports, degree of papers and academic papers written format. 2. The Details of Essay Introduction Writing Process.In general, the introduction could begin with an example, an anecdote, a piece of data, or a striking fact that catches the readers’ attention. This should be directly related to the subject and make a strong comment on it. However, you should ensure that the introduction is relevant to your ultimate focus and does not mislead the reader.Afterwards, you need to familiarize your audience with the subject. So you could give some background information about the sth. and its use in the country, state the basic problems associated with it, and let the readers know its significance as a topic for discussion. Actually, you can consider the following questions: What is sth.? When did people first start using it? What is it made of?The above-stated details will slowly lead you to the thesis statement. Traditionally, it appears near or at the end of the essay introduction paragraph. It usually provides some specific information that gradually move towards an assertion which forms the focus of the essay. Without the thesis, the introduction is incomplete.Addmitedly, the introduction to an essay should be written in such amanner that readers feel interested in the rest of the paper. Besides, it should also be well balanced in length.What were the alternatives considered at various points, and why were the choices made the way they were? A good paper doesn't just describe, it explains. Telling your readers what you did doesn't give them any idea how carefully considered your choices were. You want to save future researchers from following the same blind alleys. You also want to record potentially interesting side-streets you didn't happen to explore. Make sure to state clearly which is which.Did the choices turn out to be right, and, if so, was it for the reasons that motivated them in the first place? If not, what lessons have you learned from the experience? Such a pronouncement represents wisdom (at least a small amount) that may benefit your reader. Many papers present a rational argument from initial assumptions all the way to the finished result when, in fact, the result was obtained by an entirely different path and the deductive argument fashioned later.What are the assumptions on which the work is based? The skeptical reader is unlikely to accept your arguments unless their premises are stated. Make sure you get them all; it's easy to overlook implicit assumptions.5. How do you prepar a professional paper?A complete reseach paper is usually composed of the followingelements: title, author, affiliation, abstract, keywords, introduction, theoretical analysis and/or experimental description, results and discussion or conclusion, acknowledgments, references, etc. A research paper usually deals with a relatively specific topic, and with a comparatively narrow subject.A research paper can be intelligent, well-informed, interesting, and original in its conclusions. It draws its material from many sources. Its aim is to assemble facts and ideas and by studying them to draw new conclusions as to facts or interpretations, or to present the material in the light of a new interest.Regardless of your research area and the methodology you choose, all research proposals must address the following questions: What you plan to accomplish, why you want to do it and how you are going to do it. The proposal should have sufficient information to convince your readers that you have an important research idea, that you have a good grasp of the relevant literature and the major issues, and that your methodology is sound.The quality of your research proposal depends not only on the quality of your proposed project, but also on the quality of your proposal writing. A good research project may run the risk of rejection simply because the proposal is poorly written. Therefore, it pays if your writing is coherent, clear and compelling.This paper focuses on proposal writing rather than on the development of research ideas.Title:It should be concise and descriptive. For example, the phrase, “An investigation of . . .” couldbe omitted. Often titles are stated in terms of a functional relationship, because such titles clearly indicate the independent and dependent variables. However, if possible, think of an informative but catchy title. An effective title not only pricks the reader’s interest, but also predisposes him/her favourably towards the proposal. Abstract:It is a brief summary of approximately 300 words. It should include the research question, the rationale for the study, the hypothesis (if any), the method and the main findings. Descriptions of the method may include the design, procedures, the sample and any instruments that will be used.Introduction:The main purpose of the introduction is to provide the necessary background or context for your research problem. How to frame the research problem is perhaps the biggest problem in proposal writing.If the research problem is framed in the context of a general, rambling literature review, then the research question may appear trivial and uninteresting. However, if the same question is placed in the context of avery focused and current research area, its significance will become evident.Unfortunately, there are no hard and fast rules on how to frame your research question just as there is no prescription on how to write an interesting and informative opening paragraph. A lot depends on your creativity, your ability to think clearly and the depth of your understanding of problem areas.However, try to place your research question in the context of either a current “hot” area, or an older area that remains viable. Secondly, you need to provide a brief but appropriate historical backdrop. Thirdly, provide the contemporary context in which your proposed research question occupies the central stage. Finally, identify “key players” and refer to the most relevant and representative publications. In short, try to paint your research question in broad brushes and at the same time bring out its significance.Literature Review:Sometimes the literature review is incorporated into the introduction section. However, most professors prefer a separate section, which allows a more thorough review of the literature.Methods:The Method section is very important because it tells your Research Committee how you plan to tackle your research problem. It will provideyour work plan and describe the activities necessary for the completion of your project.The guiding principle for writing the Method section is that it should contain sufficient information for the reader to determinewhether methodology is sound. Some even argue that a good proposal should contain sufficient details for another qualified researcher to implement the study.You need to demonstrate your knowledge of alternative methods and make the case that your approach is the most appropriate and most valid way to address your research question.Please note that your research question may be best answered by qualitative research. However, since most mainstream psychologists are still biased against qualitative research, especially the phenomenological variety, you may need to justify your qualitative method.Results:Obviously you do not have results at the proposal stage. However, you need to have some idea about what kind of data you will be collecting, and what statistical procedures will be used in order to answer your researchquestion or test you hypothesis.Discussion:It is important to convince your reader of the potential impact of your proposed research. You need to communicate a sense of enthusiasmand confidence without exaggerating the merits of your proposal. That is why you also need to mention the limitations and weaknesses of the proposed research, which may be justified by time and financial constraints as well as by the early developmental stage of your research area.。
汉译英
1.设计说明
本标的物按照伊朗MIS油田开发项目的要求进行设计计算、工艺分析、质量控制,同时对设备交付、安装、试运行和后期维护进行规划和准备。
阀门设计遵循本技术建议书列出的标准、规范和法规。
承压件的最小壁厚符合ASME 锅炉和压力容器规范第VIII部分和ANSI/ASME B16.34的要求,阀门具有足够的强度和刚度,材料的选用能够适应阀门使用工况和现场环境气候条件,充分保证了与相应管道、管件之间的适配性和可焊性,并能保证使用寿命。
公称尺寸和通道直径
阀门公称尺寸和通道直径按ANSI B16.34-2004和API 6D-2008的定义。
阀门实际通道直径符合招标文件数据表的规定。
2.结构特征Structural Features
拟供产品是专门针对含硫油气输送管线操作条件设计的,该结构产品经多年实际使用证明不仅完全适合与天然气、成品油输送场站、城市燃气管网、门站,也能够适用于原油、井口天然气、污水回注等更恶劣的作业条件。
拟供产品详细结构特征如下:
5.1固定球阀结构特点
KTZ铸钢球阀的阀体主要为侧装分体式体盖螺栓连接结构,拟供货产品遵从招标文件数据单规定,采用分体结构。
阀体结构是在按ASME锅炉和压力容器规范第Ⅷ部份和ANSI/ASME B16.34的要求进行规范设计的基础上,对阀体强度、刚度采用分析设计方法并结合3D建模和有限元分析,确保每一台球阀在管线应力下都具有足够的强度和刚度,并能承受由于管线压力波动和环境温度变化、沉降等引起的附加载荷。
5.1.1球体
球体为实心锻钢球体,固定(按数据表)球体设计,球体与支承之间都设置有径向和轴向轴承,球体由上下盖固定支承,克服了传统的阀杆定位方式的缺点,阀杆不再受到球体推力作用,具有完全自主的对中性,阀杆密封更加可靠,阀门操作轻便灵活,使用寿命提高。
球体加工采用包络线磨球成型工艺,高紧密数控
球磨机加工,球体精度高。
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