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高中定语从句详细讲解在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词，用作定语的从句叫做定语从句(attributive clause)。
被定语从句所修饰的词叫做先行词(antecedent)。
定语从句必须放在先行词之后。
引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词who、whom、whose、which、that和关系副词when、where、why等。
Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police.最后，那个小偷向警察交出他偷的所有的东西。
（引导词是关系代词that）His parents wouldn't let him marry anyone whose family was poor.他父母不让他和家庭困难的人结婚。
（引导词是关系代词whose）In the dark street, there wasn't a single person to whom she could turn for help.在那个黑暗的街道上，没有她可以求助的人。
（引导词是关系代词whom）In 1519 another traveller who went to America from Europe discovered the tomato.1519年另一位从欧洲去美洲的旅行家发现了西红柿。
（引导词是关系代词who）I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.我仍然记得第一次去北京的那一天。
（引导词是关系副词when）This is the house where we lived last year.这就是我们去年住的房子。
（引导词是关系副词where）二、关系代词和关系副词的功用能关系代词和关系副词用来引导定语从句，在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用，使二者联系起来。
高中语法复习：定语从句讲解及提升练习考点一关系副词引导的定语从句1．关系代词的基本用法在日常生活中我们遇到的小问题可能是伟大发明的灵感来源。
I live next door to a couple whose children often make a lot of noise.我住在一对夫妻的隔壁，他们的孩子经常制造噪音。
2．that和which的用法区别over the world want to learn about China.《今日中国》有着全球的读者群，这说明全球越来越多的人想要了解中国。
3．as和which的区别正如老话说的那样：“人不可貌相”。
考点二关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词的基本用法将把在公园的野餐推迟到下周，届时天气可能会更好。
Students should involve themselves in community activities where they can gain experience for growth.学生们应该参与社团活动，在这些活动中他们可以获得成长的经验。
Do you know the reason why he didn't attend the meeting yesterday?你知道他昨天没参加会议的原因吗？考点三“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句1．“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句时，介词的宾语只能用which或whom，且不能省略。
Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon which school education depends.一些专家认为阅读是学校教育所依赖的基本技能。
September 30 is the day by which you must pay your bill.9月30日之前你必须缴付账单。
2．“名词/不定代词/数词/形容词比较级或最高级＋of＋which/whom”引导的定语从句，表示部分与整体的关系。
初中英语语法梳理和提高---定语从句总结与精讲（含答案）定语从句在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。
知识梳理：提纲挈领，抓住重点和难点！定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词。
定语从句放在先行词后面。
定语从句分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句。
本章只介绍限定性定语从句。
引导定语从句的词有关系代词that、which、who、which、whose和关系副词where 、when，关系代词和关系副词是引导词，在定语从句中担当某一成份。
关系代词和关系副词的作用：先行词指物时，关系代词用that 或which（在句中作主语或宾语）。
如：China is a country which / that has a large population.The computer game which/ that he is playing is his favorite.先行词指人时，关系代词用（who）作主语或宾语，whom (作宾语)，whose (作定语)，that (作主语或宾语)。
如：The man who is mending the machine has been retired.This is the policeman who/ whom t hey were talking about yesterday.I like the girl whose mother is an actor.注意：下列情况下关系代词只用that 而不用which 或who。
先行词是指物的不代词，如：all, little, few, much, none, anything, nothing, everything等时。
如：I didn’t understand t he words all that he said.2．先行词由最高级、序数词以及any, very, only, all, no, just 等所修饰。
初中定语从句讲解及练习第一部分:基础知识（一）．定语从句概述定语可以由形容词，代词，数词，名词，不定式，介词短语来充当。
如果是一个句子担任定语，那么这个句子就叫做定语从句，又可称为形容词性从句。
定语从句通常修饰某一名词或代词，被定语从句修饰的这一名词或代词叫先行词，它位于定语从句之前，定语从句在先行词后面，应尽量紧跟先行词。
定语从句的作用即在于对先行词进行限定说明或补充说明。
（二）．定语从句的引导词。
定语从句的引导词分为两类，关系代词（that, which, who, whom, whose ）和关系副词（when, where, why ），引导词在先行词和定语从句之间，既起连接作用，即连接先行词和定语从句，更重要的是，它又在定语从句中作一个成分。
（三）．关系代词1. that 指人，物，在从句中作主语，宾语，表语。
This is the photo that I took in the country.He is the singer that I met yesterday.2. which 指物，在从句中作主语，宾语，在非限定定语从句中充当定语，或者代替前句The film which we saw last night was moving.3. who 指人，在从句中作主语，宾语。
The person who visited our classroom yesterday was our new headmaster.The man who you just talked to is Tom.4. whom 指人，在从句中作宾语。
That is the professor whom you want to know.5. whose 指人，物，在从句中作定语，相当于先行词+ ’s, 后接一名词。
I know the boy whose parents are dead.I don’t like those cities whose roads are dirty.注：关系代词在从句中作宾语时可以省略。
定语从句定语从句在句中相当于一个形容词，起定语的作用，修饰说明名词、代词或主语的全部内容。
通常在被修饰的词语（即先行词）之后，由“关系词”引导。
定语从句的三种功能：1.连接功能：连接从句，引导一个定语从句2.指代功能：指代先行词3.语法功能：在定语从句中充当句子成分(定语从句中的关系词分为关系代词和关系副词两种)that which who whom whose when where why注: 关系代词在句中充当主语、宾语，因此定语从句中不能再出现关系代词所替代的名词或代词。
1.关系代词在从句中作主语时不能省略① A plane is a machine which / that can fly . (作主语)The dog which / that was lost has been found . (作主语)②The number of people who / that lost homes reached 250,000 .Here comes the girl who / that wants to see you .2.|3.关系代词在句中作宾语时可省略①The noodles that / which I cooked were delicious .（作宾语）This is the book that / which I want to read .The letter that / which I received yesterday was from my father .②The girl who / that we saw yesterday is Mary .Mr Li is a man whom / who / that we should lear from .Do you know the man whom / who / that is talking to4.关系代词在从句中做定语①The novel whose cover was broken blongs to me .②Henery is the boy whose mother is our English teacher .\I know the person whose company produces computers .This is the person whose story surprised everybody .5.关系代词在句中作表语时可省略（只能用that）She is not the girl that she was .【定语从句中关系代词与关系副词的选择】1.明确关系代词，关系副词在定语从句中的不同作用关系代词which , that , who在定语从句中作主语或在及物动词或介词后作宾语关系副词when , where, why在定语从句中作状语，即定语从句中不缺主语、宾语，只缺时间、地点或原因状语2.分析句子结构，明确句法成分~关系词在从句中作宾语还是作状语，关键取决于从句中的谓语动词。
一、选择题1．Qian Xuesen, the father of China's space program, is a man _______all Chinese should remember.A．what B．who C．which2．The most interesting thing ________ I can remember now is that we celebrated our birthdays together last year.A．what B．how C．that D．why3．Lily doesn’t know ________ she and her friends can do to help the little boy ________ parents have left their hometown for making money.A．what; whose B．how; who C．how; whose4．Lang Ping is the coach of the Chinese women 's volleyball team, _________ led the girls to win the gold medal at 2019 FIVB Volleyball Women’s World Cup.A．which B．whose C．who5．A detective is someone ____________looks for clues to something important.A．whom B．who C．what D．which6．I like the cartoon______has a happy ending and makes me___A．which； to laugh B．that；to laugh C．whose； laughing D．that； laugh 7．—Have you heard of Junko Tabei?—Yes, she was the first woman ________ succeeded in reaching the top of Qomolangma. A．who B．whom C．which D．that8．The four tools _________ people use for Chinese handwriting are called“Four Treasures of Study”.A．that B．who C．what D．whom 9．“Underground” is the only word in the English language _____ begins and ends with the letters “und”.A．what B．that C．who D．whom10．The movie ____ I have seen twice is The Wandering Earth.A．who B．that C．where D．when 11．Mice, dogs and monkeys were the animals _________first went into space.A．that B．whom C．whose D．what 12．—Yesterday was my birthday. My father sent me a CD _____was made by TF Boys.—You must be very happy to receive it.A．who B．whom C．which D．what13．I’ll tell you everything __________ I know.A．which B．who C．that D．what14．— Do you know the boy over there?—The one________ is holding a ball? Oh, that’s my cousin Jasper.A．which B．what C．who D．whose15．I’m a singer is a program is enjoyed by people of different ages.A．who B．what C．that16．The boy _______won the first prize is called Joy.A．when B．whom C．which D．who17．You can’t imagine the difficulty I have _________ the problem.A．solving B．solved C．to solve D．solve 18．（2017年河南）I hate the dogs live in the next house. They make loud noises all night A．who B．that C．what D．whom 19．Think of others more than yourself. A person______cares for others is popular everywhere. A．who B．which C．whom D．whose 20．Rosa likes music ______ is quiet and gentle.A．when B．that C．where D．who21．The film brought the hours back to me ________ I was taken good care of in that far-away village.A．which B．who C．when D．where 22．—This is the reason ________he gave for his absence from school.—It is the least believable excuse ________I have ever heard.A．that; that B．why; / C．why; which D．for which; that 23．—Have you finished the book ______________you borrowed from the library?A．which B．where C．what D．whose 24．Look at that girl _______ name is Lucy.A．who B．whose C．which D．whom25．Lots of people like Tale of Yanxi Palace, the most popular TV play________is based upon an online novel.A．what B．who C．which D．that【参考答案】***试卷处理标记，请不要删除一、选择题1．B解析：B【解析】【详解】句意：钱学森，中国太空计划之父，是一个所有中国人都应该记住的人。
定语从句讲解与练习一．定义：在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
二．特点：1.先行词：定语从句所修饰的名词或代词2. 关联词：1）引出定语从句，并作从句的一个成分。
可作主语、宾语、定语、状语，作宾语可省略。
2）关联词包括关系代词和关系副词。
关联词位于先行词和定语从句之间。
关系代词：that, which, who, whom, whose代指先行词。
关系副词：when, where, why作时间状语。
三．基本结构：先行词+关联词+定语从句剩余部分四．关系代词的用法：1. that 和whichthat指人或物，作主语或宾语，作宾语可省略，主语不能。
Which指物，不指人，作主语或宾语，作宾语可省略，主语不能。
His father works in a factory that/which makes TV sets.Who was hurt in the accident that/which happened yesterday?The coat (which/that) I put on the desk is black.注意：The room in which I live is very big. (在介词后面不能用that)2.只能用that不能用which引导的定语从句：1) 先行词被形容词最高级修饰时，定语从句只能用thatThis is the most interesting story (that) I have ever heard.2）先行词被序数词修饰时，定语从句只能用thatThe children like the second lesson that is about “The Football Match”.3）先行词被the only，the very 或the same等修饰，定语从句只能用that引导。
It is the only word (that) I know in the passage.Where is the very book (that) I bought just now?This is the (same) bicycle (that) I lost.4）先行词为everything，something，anything，all，none，much，little，few 等不定代词时，定语从句只能用thatI want everything (that) I want.I am writing to tell you about something very strange that happened to me last week.5)先行词被不定代词all, any, no, every, little, much, many修饰时，只能用that Here is all the money (that) I have.6)先行词是同时含有“人和物”的名词时，定语从句只能用thatI can remember well the persons and some pictures (that) I see in the room.7)定语从句所修饰的词为the one 时，定语从句用that引导Is it the one（that）you want？8）为了避免重复，在疑问词who之后，用that 引导定语从句Who is the girl that won the first place?3. who和whomwho指人，在句中作主语和宾语，作宾语可省略。
高考英语语法词汇专项突破：03-2定语从句强化训练50题(答案解析版)姓名：__________ 班级: _________ 限时：40分钟得分：____________养成良好的答题习惯，是决定成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。
一、根据语境填上一个合适的词，使句意完整。
1.In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person to____ she could turn for help.答案与解析：whom。
题中包含短语“turn to sb. for help”，意思是“向某人求助”。
本句可以转换成：In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person （whom/ who/ that）she could turn to for help. 属于“介词+关系代词”结构。
句意是：在漆黑的大街上，连一个她可以求助的人都没有。
2.______ has been announced, we shall have our final exam next month.答案与解析：As。
考查非限制性定语从句。
这是as引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是后面的整个句子，关系代词as指代后面的主句的内容，在定语从句中as作主语，意思是“正如”。
句意：正如宣布的那样，下个月我们要举行期末考试。
3.There comes a time________ the old must give way to the new, and it is not possible to preserve everything from our past as we move towards the future.答案与解析：when。
高中英语语法基础——定语从句知识点归纳讲解（附同步练习）★先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
通常情况下，引导词前面的名词即为从句的先行词。
★关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
也可以称作引导词。
①关系代词：who，whom，which，that，whose，as，在从句内作主语、宾语等名词性成分。
②关系副词：when，where，why在从句内作状语。
（一）. 使用who、whom、which、that的定语从句1. whoThis is the boy who plays basketball very well.This is the teacher who is teaching us English.▲who 指人, 在从句中作主语。
2. whomThis is the boy (whom) I often help.The man is our headmaster (whom) you met just now.I met the girl (whom) you often praise.▲whom 指人,在从句中作宾语, 可省略。
3. whichThis is the farm which keeps many cows.This is the farm (which ) I visit every year.▲which 指事物, 在从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时可省略。
4. that以上三种情况均可用that。
指人或指物，可作主语和宾语，作宾语时可省略。
（二）. 使用whose的定语从句Do you know the girl whose father is mayor.I used to work in an office whose window faces north.I work in a school whose students are excellent.▲whose 指人或物的所属关系，表示“某人的”或“某物的”。
定语从句一、知识点梳理充当定语修饰名词或代词的从句称为定语从句..被定语从句修饰的名词或代词称为先行词..定语从句一般紧跟在先行词之后;由一定的连接词引导;连接词称为关系代词which;that;as;whom;who;whose或关系副词when;where;why1、限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句⑴限定性定语从句起对先行词进行限定、区分的作用..若去掉易产生歧义或使主句意义不明确..此类定语从句前后没有逗号egThe dress that my mother bought for me is very beautiful.我妈妈给我买的裙子很漂亮..⑵非限定性定语从句与先行词之间的关系比较松散;只对先行词起说明和描述的作用..若省去;剩余部分意义仍然完整;表达清楚..此类定语从句前后用逗号隔开egYour writings ; which everyone admires ; are very marvelous.你的作品人人欣赏;实在是太了不起了..Shakespeare ; whose plays are popular ; was a great writer.莎士比亚是个伟大的作家;他的剧作很受欢迎..⑶某些情况下;一个定语从句既可以作限定性定语从句;又可以作为非限定性定语从句;但二者含义有差别..egThere are ten cars here which are made in China.这里有十辆中国制造的车.. 这里可能还有其他的车There are ten cars here ; which are made in China.这里有十辆车;它们都是中国制造的.. 这里只有十辆车⑷that和why一般不引导非限定性定语从句;其他引导限定性定语从句的关系代词和关系副词都可以引导非限定性定语从句..egMy elder brother ; who is an engineer ; is working abroad.我的哥哥在国外工作;他是一个工程师..Last year ; I visited Quanzhou ; which is a beautiful city in Fujian Province.去年我游览了泉州;它是福建省一个漂亮的城市..关系代词的使用⑴which和that指物①which和that引导的限定性定语从句表事物;可以在定语从句中做主语或宾语..当他们在宾语从句中做宾语时;that和which常可以省略.. egWe must respect the custom here that has existed for hundreds of years.我们必须尊重这里存在了数百年的习俗.. 做主语This is the book that / which I want to buy.这就是我想买的那本书.. 做buy的宾语多数情况下;that和which 可以通用..②在下列几种情况下;引导定语从句的关系代词多用that;不用或少用which..a 先行词前有形容词的最高级、序数词或the only ; the very ; the last 等表绝对意义的词作修饰语..egThis is the oldest tree that exists in the world.这是世界上现存最老的一棵树..The only thing that he is interested in is collectingstamps.他唯一感兴趣的事就是集邮..b 先行词为不定代词anything ; nothing ; everything或被little ; few ; much; any ; no等修饰egAll the songs that he sang are very popular here.他唱的所有的歌在这儿都很流行..Everything that should be done has been done..一切应该做的事情都已经做了..若先行词是something;定语从句用 that 和 which 都可以..c 先行词既包括人又包括物egThey talked of people and things that they remembered in England.他们谈起了记忆中在英国的人和事..d 当句中已有wh–疑问句;有时为了避免重复;用 that 引导定语从句而不用which..③在下列几种情况下;一般使用which引导定语从句而不用that.a 引导非限定性定语从句egChina ; which is the third largest country in the world ; is playing an important part in the world affairs.中国是世界上第三大国家;它在国际事务中起着重要的作用..b that和which 在从句中作介词的宾语..介词可以放在句末也可以提到关系代词前面..介词放在句末时;关系代词可用that 和which ;也可省略..介词提前到关系代词前时;只能用which 不能用that ;且which 不可省.. egA bottle opener is a tool which / that bottles are opened with.=A bottle opener is a tool with which bottles are opened.开瓶器是一种用来开启瓶子的工具..c 当关系代词后面有插入语..egI have received the invitation to your wedding which ; as I have told you ; made me very glad.我已经收到你的婚礼请柬..这个邀请;正如我所告诉你的;使我感到万分荣幸..d 若先行词是that;则用 which 引导定语从句..that which的结构通常出现在谚语中egThat which is evil is soon learned.坏事易学..④先行词是way时;引导定语从句的关系代词有三种形式:in which / that或不用引导词..egThe way he speaks is unique.=The way that he speaks is unique.=The way in which he speaks is unique.他说话的方式很奇特..⑵who;whom 和that指人①who和that在从句中既可做主语又可做宾语whom 在从句中只可用做宾语..当who ; whom和that在从句中做宾语时;可以省略..egDo you know the girl who / that is talking with John over there 你认识在那边和John说话的那个女孩吗The man who / whom / that you have just talked with is ourteacher.刚才和你说话的那个是我们的老师..②who ; whom ; that在从句中都可作介词的宾语..介词可位于句末也可提到关系代词前..介词位于句末时;关系代词可用who ; whom或that;也可省略..介词提到关系代词前时;只能用whom不能用that和who;并且whom不可省..注意与2/⑴/③/b类比egThe man who / whom / that you have just talked with is our teacher.=The man with whom you have just talked is our teacher.刚才和你说话的那个人是我们的老师..⑶ whose指人或指物;充当名词的修饰语;表示所属关系..“whose+名词”=“名词+ of which”二者意思相同;可互换..egLook at the house whose windows are round.=Look at the house the windows of which are round.看那座窗户是圆形的房子..⑷ as引导的定语从句①先行词有such 或the same 修饰;或者在as/so …as 的结构中;都可用as做关系代词来引导限定性定语从句..egI want to buy the same pen as you are using.我想买一支和你用的那支一样的笔..He used such expressions as he could find in the texts.他使用在课文中可以找到的那些词语..当the same修饰先行词时;引导定语从句的关系代词既可以用as也可用that..区别：that引导的定语从句表示它所表述的事物与先行词是同一个..as既可以表示“同一个”又可以表示“同类”..egThis is the same book that I have lost.这就是我丢失的那本书..This is the same book as I have lost.这本书和我丢失的那本一模一样..②as引导非限定性定语从句as引导非限定性定语从句;修饰的是前面的整个句子..which 也有这种用法;两者在大部分情况下可互换..egShe has just cried ; as / which I could see from her swollen eyes.她刚刚哭过;我从她红肿的眼睛就可以看出..As is known to all ; China is the third largest country inthe world.众所周知;中国是世界上第三大繁荣国家..which引导非限定性定语从句和引导的非限定性定语从句的区别：a which从句只能放在句末;而as从句可位于句首、句中、句末.. egMark Twain ; as we all know ; is a great writer.众所周知;马克吐温是一位伟大的作家..b 当主句是否定句时;as不能用 which 来替换..as从句所修饰的范围并不包括主句的否定意义..egSpiders are not insects ; as many people think.蜘蛛并非像许多人所想的那样是昆虫..3、关系副词when ; where ; why的使用关系副词where ; when ; why在从句中分别做地点状语、时间状语和原因状语..他们经常可以用“介词+ which ”来替代⑴when可替换为 on / at / in / during + which ; 在定语从句中做时间状语..egI still remember the day when / on which we first met.我还记得我们初次见面的那一天..Do you still remember the summer vacation when / during which we visited a lot of places in Beijing你还记得我们在北京游览了很多地方的那个暑假吗⑵ where可替换为 at / in / to + which ;在定语从句中跟在表地点的名词后面做地点状语..egThat is the school where / at which I used to study.那就是我过去学习过的学校..Think of a place where / to which we can go for a swim.想一个我们可以去游泳的地方..⑶ why 可替换为for which ;引导先行词为reason的定语从句;表示原因..egThis is the reason why / for which he was late.这就是他迟到的原因..⑷关系副词when ; where ; why 引导定语从句时一般可用that替换;也可省略..egShe is always busy working from the time when / that she gets up in the morning till the time when / that she goes to bed.她总是很忙;从早上起床一直到上床睡觉;她都在工作..That is the place where / that I went before.那就是我们从前去过的地方..Do you know the reason why / that he left the company你知道他离开公司的原因吗二、例题1、 The flood overflowed the riverbanks ; ______ frequently happened in that area.A as itB whichC itD such2、 This is the best novel ______ we have read in recent years.A whichB thatC asD so3、 All ______ is a large sum of money.A what is neededB that is neededC the thing neededD for their needs4、 Read the text a second time and you will probably know what the principle ______ a hovercraft works.A is on thatB has on whichC is on whichD on which5、 The way ______ he gives his performances is appreciated by his fans.Which of the followings is wrongA /B whichC in whichD that6、 My assistant ; ______ carefully read through the instructions before doing the experiment ; did not get satisfactory results.A who thoughtB even whoC who hadD who having7、 In the dark streets ; there was not a single person ______ she could turn for help.A thatB whoC from whomD to whom8、 The neighbourhood factory ; ______ workers are all women ; turns out toys of fine quality.A thereB whichC whoseD when9、 He is such an outstanding leader ______ is loved by the people throughout the country.A asB thatC whichD who10、 The can opener is easy to handle ; ______ is shown in the picture.A as itB asC thatD since11、 Everything was quite all right ______ one day ______ she got into trouble.A not until ; whenB until ; beforeC not until ; beforeD until ; when12、 A fast food restaurant is the place ______ ;just as the name suggests ; eating is performed quickly.A whichB whereC thereD what13、 The plane was delayed ; ______ was that the weather was terrible.A the reason whyB the reason for itC the reason of itD the reason for which14、 Do not let the child who is ______ swim in rivers.A not old enoughB too young toC not old enough toD young enough to15、 I think you have got to the point ______ ;a change is needed ; otherwise you will fail.A whenB thatC whereD which三、巩固练习1、 Is this university ______ they paid a visit to last monthA whichB whereC the oneD which you2、 I will never forget the days ______ we spent together in the village.A /B whenC whatD how3、 ______ is mentioned above ; the number of the students in senior high schools is increasing.A WhichB AsC ThatD It4、 I was late for school this morning because of the traffic jam ______ I was caught.A whichB whereC in whichD when5、 Has everything ______ can be done ______ doneA / ; /B / ; beenC that ; beenD that ; be6、 Can you find me something ______A to open the tinB that I can open the tinC I can open the tin withD by which to open the tin7、 Water dissolves a part of nearly everything ______ it comes in contact.A whereB with whichC thatD as soon as8、 The size of the audience ; ______ we had expected ; was well over 500.A whomB thatC whoD as9、 The shop assistant I spoke ______ nothing.A to sayB to saidC saidD tell10、 When the mid-term exam was over ; I went fishing - ______I had not done for weeks.A anythingB everythingC nothingD something11、 Tigers live in forests ; ______ there are plenty of other animals for them to hunt for food.A whenB ifC asD where12、 I am going to buy the same bicycle ______ you are using now.A thatB whichC as Dlike13、 This is the same watch ______ I lost.A whichB asC thatD but14、 -How far apart do they live-______ I know ;they live in the same neighbourhood.A As long asB As far asC As well asD As often as15、 Yesterday I bought a Chinese painting ______ was very reasonable.A which priceB the price of whichC its priceD the price of whosekey:1~5 BBBCB 6~10 CDCAB 11~15 DBDAC 巩固1~5 CABCC 6~10 CBDBD 11~15 DCCBB。
定语从句讲解1.定语从句：定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，相当于形容词，所以又称为形容词性从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
2.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有where, when, why等。
关系词常有3个作用：1，引导定语从句。
2，代替先行词。
3，在定语从句中担当一个成分。
注：关系代词有主语.宾语之分。
一般whom作为宾语。
4.定语：定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的，是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子，汉语中常用‘……的’表示。
主要由形容词担任。
此外，名词，代词，数词，分词，副词，不定式以及介词短语也可以来担任，也可以由一个句子来担任．单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语。
短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后，作后置定语。
（一）限定性定语从句一、关系代词（在句中作主语、宾语或定语）1. that既可代表事物也可代表人，which代表事物；它们在从句中作主语或宾语，that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词，which在从句中作宾语也可以省略。
[eg：this is the book （which）you want。
]而且，如果which在从句中作“不及物动词＋介词”的介词的宾语，注意介词不要丢掉，而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边，但有的则放在它原来的位置2. which作宾语时，根据先行词与定语从句之间的语义关系，先行词与which之间的介词不能丢3. 代表物时多用which，但在带有下列词的句子中用that而不用which，这些词包括当先行词是anything, everything, nothing , none等不定代词时，或者是由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much 等修饰时等，这时的that常被省略还有先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时,或先行词就是序数词或最高级时.以及先行词中既有人又有物时.还有句中前面有which时,都只能用that4. who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人，分别作从句中的主语和宾语，whom作宾语时，要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语5. whose是关系代词，修饰名词作定语，相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格.它引导的从句可以修饰人和物, 当它引导的从句修饰物体时, 可以与of which 调换,表达的意思一样。
高中定语从句讲解定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，相当于形容词，所以又称为形容词性从句，一般跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词叫做定语从句。
先行词被定语从句修饰的名词、代词称为先行词。
关系代词引导的定语从句举例关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在从句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。
关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
关系词引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等，绝对没有what；关系副词有where, when, why等。
关系词常有3个作用：①连接作用，引导定语从句。
②代替主句中的先行词，甚至可能是主句中的一部分或者整个主句。
③在定语从句中充当一句子成分。
注：关系代词有主语、宾语之分。
一般whom作为宾语。
关系代词在从句中作主语，宾语，表语，定语等，关系副词在从句中作地点状语，时间状语，原因状语等。
定语定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的，是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语（动词不定式短语、动名词短语和分词短语）或句子，汉语中常用‘……的’表示。
主要由形容词担任，此外，名词，代词，数词，分词，副词，不定式以及介词短语也可以来担任，也可以由一个句子来担任。
单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语。
短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后，作后置定语。
Whose 用来指人或物(只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换，指人的时候也可以用of whom 代替）(1) They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。
(2) Please pass me the book whose (of which) color is green.请递给我那本绿皮的书。
（完整版）定语从句全面详细讲解附练习题加答案定语从句详细讲解（一）定义及相关术语1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。
2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有when, where, why等。
关系词通常有下列三个作用：A、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。
例如：The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 该句中，who is shaking hands with my father 是定语从句，修饰先行词the man，“who”是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the man，在定语从句中作主语。
（二）关系代词引导的定语从句1．who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。
The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。
Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning. 想去博物馆的人必须在明晨7点到大门口集合。
Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way. 昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。
That is the teacher who teaches us physics. 那就是教我们物理的老师。
2．whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。
Mr Liu is the person ( whom ) you talked about on the bus. 刘先生就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。
基础过关 1.用合适的关系词完成句子。
© The man/was here yesterday is a painter. ② The man / / / I saw is called Smith. ③ A child parents are dead is called an orphan. ④ r dlike a room window looks out over the sea. ⑤ A letter/is written in pencil is hard to read.⑥ The letter//I received from him yesterday is very important. ⑦ That is the boy///you are looking for.⑧ Do you know the reason he was late for the meeting? ® This is the school I used to study.⑩ I still remember the day we met for the first time. 2.用符号标出下列句子的主句、定语从句、先行词和关系词。
主句：定尊从句:()先行词：|先行词|关系词：_例： This is the bookj (diat I have been looking for). ①(2) Have you bought the book which we talked about?③ I still remember the day which we spent together last week.④ He still lives in the house whose windows face south.⑤ The boy whose father is a policeman speaks English mostfluently in our class.⑥ The girl who you met was John' s sister. ⑦ There is no reason why we shouldn' t be friends.⑧ They arrived in the early morning when the sky was still dark.®The days were gone when we had to travel on horses. ⑩ Is this the hospital where you were bom? 考点2.关系词的选择技巧A. 选用哪个关系词，关键是看关系词在宾诸从句中作什么 成分含有定语从句的复合句可以分为两部分：主句和从 句。
语法专项突破专题四各具特色的句法第2讲定语及定语从句解题指导“缺什么，补什么”，准确选用关系词1.如果先行词指人，定语从句中缺少主语，限制性定语从句中用who/that；非限制性定语从句用who2.如果先行词指人，定语从句中缺少宾语，限制性定语从句中用who/that/whom；非限制性定语从句用whom3.如果先行词指物，定语从句中缺少主语或宾语，限制性定语从句中用which/that；非限制性定语从句用which.4.如果先行词指时间或地点，定语从句中缺少时间状语或地点状语，定语从句中用when/where；如果从句中缺少的是主语或宾语，则用that/which。
5.不论先行词指人还是物，只要关系词在定语从句中作定语就用whose6.如果先行词指人，“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中的关系词用whom，如果先行词指物，“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中的关系词用which基础训练一、单选题1.Kae, _________sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia.A. whomB. thatC. whoseD. her2.The little problems ________ we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.A. thatB. asC. whereD. when3.The number of smokers, ___________ is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.A. itB. whichC. whatD. as4.She and her family bicycle to work, _________ helps them keep fit.A. whichB. whoC. asD. that5.The only one in our office that is familiar with the new system is Jimmy, in _____ absence, we had no choice but to wait.A. whomB. whoseC. whoD. that6.Was it through Mary _____ was working at a high school _____ you got to know Tom?A. who; whomB. that; whichC. who; thatD. that; who7.Finding a time ______ suits everyone is going to be difficult.A. thatB. whenC. whatD. where8.The anti-epidemic fight is like a time-limited race _______ all medical care personnel make every effort to people's lives.A. thatB. whenC. whichD. where9.George Washington was born in 1732 in a rich family in_____ is now the state of Virginia.A. whichB. whereC. thatD. what10.We're listed some of the most famous flowers _____have a special significance.A. whatB. thatC. whereD. /11.Many lessons are now available online, from _____ students can choose for free.A. whoseB. whichC. whenD. whom12.Dr. Rowan, ______ secretary resigned two weeks ago, has had to do all his own typing.A. whoseB. of whomC. of whichD. which13.He shouts when he gets angry, _________ is often the case.A. whichB. thatC. whenD. as14.I am looking forward to the day ________ my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her.A. asB. whyC. whenD. where15.It was the middle of the night my father woke me up and told me to watch the football game.A. thatB. asC. whichD. when16.Covid-19, the most deadly virus in recent years, began to attack people at the beginning of this year, from ________effect people are still suffering.A. thatB. thoseC. whoseD. what17.Detectives are investigating the company, three of ________ senior executives have already been under arrest.A. itsB. whichC. thoseD. whose18.Henry hopes to find a job upon graduation ____his management skills can be put to good use.A. thatB. WhichC. howD. where19.On the top of the hill _____,_____the old man once lived.A. a temple stands there, in whichB. stands a temple, whereC. a temple standing, on whichD. does a temple stand, where20.Some great people said it was their primary school teachers and their lessons_____they were fond of_____ influenced their whole lives.A. which; thatB. that; whichC. which; whichD. that; that21.It is in the hall_____can house 10, 000 people _____the opening ceremony of the Global 5G Technology Summit will be held.A. which; thatB. where; thatC. which; whoD. where; whom.22.— Why does she always ask you for help?— There is no one else _______, is there?A. who to turn toB. for her to turnC. for whom to turnD. she can turn to23.—When did you meet him?—It was on the day _________ his house was broken into.A. thatB. whichC. in whichD. when24.When they went into the shop and asked to look at the engagement rings, the shop assistant brought out a cheap one, ________ she has arranged with James.A. which was thatB. what was thatC. which was whatD. that was that25.It was in that small house ________ was built with stones by his father ________ he spent his childhood.A. that; whereB. which; thatC. which; whichD. that; which26.I suspect_____ Facebook has done to invade our privacy is only the beginning, _____ is why I am considering cancelling my account.A. that, whichB. that whatever, whichC. that what, thatD. /, that27.Ms Meng, CFO of Huawei, got arrested for no good reason in Canada, ________ caused great anger of the whole nation of China.A. thatB. asC. whichD. what28.Alexander Fleming noted that it was a dish_____he was trying to grow bacteria for an experiment ____looked abnormal.A. where; whichB. which; whichC. that; thatD. in which; that29.I don't like you speak to her.A. the wayB. the way in thatC. the way whichD. the way of which30.The man took out a knife and made a mark ____ his sword was dropped, confusing the passengers on board.A. from whereB. whatC. on whichD. where一、单句语法填空1.People who seldom do sports or ________ diet is high in fat will put on weight quickly.2.Soon the children in the camp had many new friends, with ________ they shared food a stories.3.One of her jobs is to visit the countries ________ the UN operates programmes.4.This is the best novel ________ I have ever read.5.Below is the only idea ________ can help you out.6.As a teacher, I never give my students so difficult a problem ________they can't solve.7.She studied at Peking University, after ________ she went on to have her further study abroad.8.The film was ________ great success, ________ received several awards at home and abroad.9.The driverless cars will help reduce traffic accidents ________ are caused by human drivers' mistakes.10.It is no longer the place ________it used to be.11.He lives in a house, in front of ________stands a tall tree.12.The reason ________ he is always making the same mistake is that he never follows others' advice.13.The United Kingdom has a long and interesting history to explore, ________ can help you understand much more about the country and its traditions.14.Tom is the boy________ mother is our maths teacher.15.There was a time ________I hated to go to school.16.He wrote a letter________ he explained what had happened in the accident.17.Tell us the day ________ you are coming, and we'll prepare your room.18.The German Football Team left the World Cup halfway, ________ made its fans heartbroken.19.________ is reported, the activity is very successful.20.I bought a book ________ I think could help me with my grammar.21.I'm looking for a store ________ organic vegetables are sold.22.I borrowed the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week, ________ my classmates recommended to me.23.My parents always have a lot of farm work to do. They usually get up at five o'clock ________it's still dark.24.This is the pilot with ________ my brother has worked for ten years.25.The tourist wanted to book a room________ window faces south.26.This is the best way________ has been used against pollution.27.The reason________ I got a job was that I worked hard.28.Victims thank those ________ helped them rebuild after an earthquake in 2013.29.Jim passed the driving test, ________ surprised everybody in the office.30.The reason ________ you explained at the meeting was not sound.31.The little girl wrote a thank-you letter to the firefighter by ________ she was rescued.32.English is a language shared by several cultures, each of ________ sees it differently.33.Workers built shelters for survivors ________ homes had been destroyed.34.You should pay more attention to the rainforest ________ I live and appreciate how the animals live together.35.They offered to send me to the airport, ________ I was very grateful for.36.I should say thanks to my dear friends, without ________help I wouldn't have achieved such great success.37.Life is like a race ________ we all compete with ourselves against time.38.The musicians were to play jokes on each other as well as play music，most of ________ was based loosely on the Beatles.39.Watch out! Don't get close to the building ________ walls are being painted.40.The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere________his employees enjoy their work.41.He was chosen to attend the ceremony, ________made us proud of him.42.The woman, ________was attending the children, offered us a good meal.43.His theory is the basis on ________many theories about education are built.44.He has two sons, both of ________ are staying abroad.45.________ the Chinese saying goes, good is rewarded with good, and evil with evil.46.The person ________ the girl turned to for help worked as a senior school teacher.47.The old lady was visited by four lovely kids, ________ laughter made the empty big house come to life immediately.48.I live next door to a couple ________ children often make a lot of noise.49. Gone are the days ________ surgery meant cutting a patient open. Modern medicine offers doctors less invasive tools to operate on disease-stricken bodies.50.语法填空Xiao Lei flew to London six months ago to study for a business qualification and it was the first time that she________ (leave) her motherland. Her preparation course is helping her to get used ________ the academic ________(require) of a Western university.Her tutor told her not to write ________other people had said without acknowledging them and that she should read________(difference) texts that contain various opinions and give her own. She had to learn how to use the phone, how to pay bus fare and how to ask ________ shopkeeper for things she didn't know the English for.________ (live) with a host family________she says, gives her chances to adjust to the new environment quickly. Besides, she has learnt a bit ________ (much) to balance her study and life. We wish her all the best and seek for a job ________ (success) after graduation.强化训练易错积累一、单句语法填空1.Kate, __________sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia.2.Self-driving is an area__________China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line.3. As the smallest child of his family, Alex is always longing for the time________he should be able to be independent.4.China Today attracts worldwide readership________shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China.5. The number of smokers, ________is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.6. I have made a habit of saying "Thank you" to those ________offer their seats to the fellow passengers on public transport.7. At Pets Corner, we have always tried to apply an honest and moral approach to everything ________we do.8. Get yourself familiar with local laws and customs of the countries to ________you are traveling.9. It was a time________my family was going through financial difficulties.10. This is such a place________all the people across the world are dreaming of visiting.真题演练一、单句语法填空1. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 __________showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes.2. Many westerners __________come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap it can be to eat out.3. But Sarah, __________ has taken part in shows along with top models, wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty.4. Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got swept into pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden, __________it remained until the carrot's leafy top accidentally sprouted(生长) through it. For Pahlsson, its return was a wonder.5. But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on TV show in the mid-1980s, __________I was the first Western TV reporter permitted to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.6. Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, __________lived from roughly 551 to 479B.C., influenced the development of chopsticks.模拟冲关一、单句语法填空1. In the following years, there were fewer drop-outs and more college graduates in my village, __________ I am proud of even today.2. Being in a big, busy building in a country _________I could not speak the language made me nervous, but as I found my way, I gained confidence.3. The report has also drawn criticism, with some scientists arguing that the data on _________it is based is not wide and representative enough to generate a single number for the decline of wildlife worldwide.4. After some time, when both of you have renewed your confidence in each other, go back to the time___________you nearly fell apart5. Badaling is the most famous of the five sections __________lie near Beijing and can be accessed easily.6. Beijing Opera has a history of 200 years, ____________origin can be seen as old local operas, especially Anhui Opera.7. The teen,__________is black and only speaks some basic Chinese, has been praised by teachers since he picked up the music as kindergartener.8. In addition, due to people's awful impression of the smoking people, the habit will limit our social network, ________will finally lead to loneliness.9.___________is widely accepted, in the Middle East Arabs greet each other by touching noses, but this is not a polite way of greeting in other cultures.10. The products, several of _________have been recently introduced, seem to be well accepted.语法填空A bridge is structure built 1._________(cross) river, road, valley and so on. Designs of bridges differ depending2.__________ the function of the bridge and the nature of the land where the bridge is constructed.The first bridges 3.___________(make) of wooden logs. Most of these early bridges were poorly built and could rarely support heavy weights. It was this inadequacy that 4.___________(lead) to the development of better bridges. The arch was first used for bridges by the Roman Empire, some of 5.___________still stand today.The oldest surviving arch stone bridge in China is the Zhaozhou Bridge, 6.___________(date) back to the Sui Dynasty. The great bridge expert Mao Yisheng once said that 1,300 years was enough to prove the completeness of its entire structure. The bridge is complex yet elegantly constructed. Taking in the whole view, you will find it a single-arch bridge. However, it is actually a vertical combination of twenty-eight 7.___________(arch). The two smaller spans(桥拱) in the shoulders of the bridge is a 8.___________(create) invention in the history of the bridge construction, giving the stone bridge a 9.___________(fair) pretty design.This bridge will continue to stand there not only as a tourist attraction 10.___________a treasure for everyone to enjoy.基础训练答案一、单选题1.【答案】C2.【答案】A3.【答案】D4.【答案】A5.【答案】B6.【答案】C7.【答案】A8.【答案】D9.【答案】D10.【答案】B 11.【答案】B12.【答案】A13.【答案】D14.【答案】C15.【答案】D16.【答案】C17.【答案】D18.【答案】D19.【答案】B20.【答案】D21.【答案】A22.【答案】D23.【答案】D24.【答案】C25.【答案】B26.【答案】B27.【答案】C28.【答案】D29.【答案】A30.【答案】D一、语法填空1.【答案】whose2.【答案】whom3.【答案】where4.【答案】that5.【答案】that6.【答案】as7.【答案】which8.【答案】a；which9.【答案】which/ that10.【答案】that11.【答案】which12.【答案】why13.【答案】which14.【答案】whose15.【答案】when16.【答案】where17.【答案】when18.【答案】which 19.【答案】As20.【答案】which/that21.【答案】where22.【答案】which23.【答案】when24.【答案】whom25.【答案】whose26.【答案】that27.【答案】why28.【答案】who29.【答案】which30.【答案】that/which31.【答案】whom32.【答案】which33.【答案】whose34.【答案】where35.【答案】which36.【答案】whose37.【答案】where38.【答案】which39.【答案】whose40.【答案】where41.【答案】which42.【答案】who43.【答案】which44.【答案】whom45.【答案】As46.【答案】whom47.【答案】whose48.【答案】whose49.【答案】when50.【答案】had left；to；requirement；what；different；a；Living；as；more；successfully强化训练答案易错积累：1.whose 2.where 3.when 4.which 5.as 6.who 7.that 8.which 9.when 10.as真题演练：1.that/which 2.who/that 3.who 4.where 5.when 6. who模拟冲关：1.which 2.where 3.which 4.when 5.which/that 6.whose 7.who 8.which 9.As 10.which语法填空：1.to cross 2.on/upon 3.were made 4.led 5.which 6.dating 7.arches 8.creative 9.fairly 10.but。
