Unit 2 Cloning - 单元测一、单词拼写(依据中文提示拼写单词)（共8小题；共8分）1. The (步骤) of cloning animals is quite difficult to undertake.2. When asked what led to his success, the actor (归功于) his achievement to his wife's support.3. She said she could (仅仅) understand a few words when he spoke Japanese.4. He had married several times and had forty-six children (总共).5. This is a second-hand car, but it is still in good (条件).6. Some subjects, such as math, physics and English, are (强制的) for the students.7. We find that television and the radio gave rise to far fewer complaints than the printed (媒体).8. I had a lot of trouble (抵制) the temptation to open the box.二、单词拼写(单句首字母填空)（共7小题；共7分）9. Don't lose heart. All your hardships are b to pay off.10. Tom a reading classic novels and dreams of being a writer.11. All he did was in v . Nobody wanted to listen to him.12. I'm sorry to b you, but could you direct me to the station?13. As soon as the earthquake s the village, the villagers rushed out of their houses.14. Only a minority of people o , while the majority were in favor of banning smoking.15. When he r , he will move to a small town in the country to enjoy the rest of his life.三、单项选择（共10小题；共10分）16. The farmers were when they saw their fish dead as a result of the pollution.A. cast downB. break downC. calm downD. settle down17. He can't answer the question he got such a large amount of money overnight.A. whenB. thatC. howD. what18. --- I don't think he has found a job yet.--- .A. No problemB. Go aheadC. ExactlyD. Good idea19. Any choice we make shouldn't be ; they must be based on certain information.A. conservativeB. arbitraryC. reasonableD. innocent20. Do you have any idea on earth has happened to our friend?A. thatB. whatC. asD. which21. A good idea came to her she could live with her best friend in that city during the holiday.A. ifB. whenC. thatD. which22. When you my age, you'll understand what I mean.A. attainB. achieveC. acquireD. obtain23. We are strongly against the company's decision it will fire half of its staff in the following years.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. when24. After many years' hard working, his parents managed to the debts for his education at university.A. pay forB. pay backC. pay offD. pay out 25. The theory is based on a series of wrong , so it's a waste of time trying to prove it.A. breakthroughsB. objectionsC. regulationsD. assumptions四、完形填空（共20小题；共30分）A clone is an exact copy of a plant or animal 26 from any one cell. Since Scottish scientists reported that they had 27 to clone a sheep named Dolly in 1997, research into cloning has grown rapidly. In May 1998, scientists in Massachusetts managed to create two identical calves(牛犊) 28 cloning technology. A mouse has 29 been cloned successfully, but the debate over cloning humans really started when Chicago 30 Richard Seed made a surprising announcement. "We will have managed to clone a human being within the next two years," he told the world.Seed's announcement 31 a lot of media attention. In Europe, nineteen nations have already 32 an agreement banning human cloning and in the US the President 33 : "We will be introducing 34 law to ban human cloning and many states in the US will have 35 anti-cloning laws by the end of the year."Many researchers are not so negative 36 cloning. They are worried that laws 37 human cloning will threaten important research. In March, the New England Journal of Medicine called any plan to ban research on cloning humans 38 mistaken. Many researchers also believe that 39 attempts to ban it, human cloningwill have become routine by 2010 because it is 40 to stop the progress of science.Is there a reason to fear that cloning will 41 a nightmare world? The public has been bombarded(轰炸) with newspaper articles, television shows and films, 42 cartoons. Such information is often misleading, and makes people 43 what on earth the scientists will be doing next.44 the next five to ten years scientists will probably have found a way of cloning humans. It could be that45 soon we will be able to choose the person that we want our child to look like.26. A. produces B. produce C. producing D. produced27. A. tried B. succeeded C. attempted D. managed28. A. taking B. teaching C. using D. learning29. A. too B. either C. also D. as well30. A. reporter B. physicist C. writer D. artist31. A. aroused B. rose C. rose up D. was raised32. A. signed B. wrote C. drew D. arrived33. A. spoke B. told C. reported D. announced34. A. the B. a C. an D. /35. A. allowed B. agreed C. passed D. approved36. A. in B. for C. beyond D. about37. A. forbidden B. permitting C. banning D. referring38. A. seriously B. personally C. partly D. possibly39. A. despite of B. though C. although D. in spite of40. A. possible B. impossible C. likely D. probably41. A. lead to B. stick to C. come to D. add up to42. A. as much as B. as many as C. as well as D. as good as43. A. puzzle B. worry C. wander D. wonder44. A. Upon B. Within C. Out of D. At45. A. much B. pretty C. too D. more五、阅读理解（共16小题；共32分）AAuthors Kyle Kurpinski and Terry D. Johnson pretty much have me convinced that human cloning is quite possible and is a future certainty. Kurpinski and Johnson are both bioengineering experts; unlike similar scientists you have seen in the movies, they both have a sense of humor. What surprises me is that Kurpinski and Johnson are able to take something as complicated as DNA and make it understandable.The book How to Defeat Your Own Clone teaches us what is now known as DNA-encoded, how that happens, and why people with similar DNA don't look or act the same. The book not only helps us get a basic understanding of what DNA and its purpose are, but also explains cloning and stem cell (干细胞) research. It occurs to me that a lot of people who are against stem cell research don't know what they are protesting about. The authors provide a history of cloning, as well as information about stem cells.The real fun starts when the authors attack various myths about cloning. Obviously, too many people have been watching too many bad movies and television programs. Remember they're just fictional stories. If, somehow, scientists manage to clone you. Twenty years from now your clone isn't going to kill you. Among the myths explored and exploded are that a clone will know everything you know and will act as you do, that heads which are cut off can be kept alive, and that a clone has no belly button (肚脐). Many of the myths are ridiculous but many people believe them.Kurpinski and Johnson also detail some bio-improvements "that really work". You see, genes can be controlled to help you sleep better and become smarter, healthier, and taller. Well... not exactly you, but future generations.If you do wind up in a battle with your own clone, who will be considerably younger than you, remember that it is not you and that it doesn't know what you know.46. Many bioengineering experts in the movies are .A. humorousB. wealthyC. seriousD. crazy47. We can learn from the passage that biotechnology .A. has been banned in many countries around the worldB. is being used to improve one's intelligence right nowC. can help improve the physical condition of future generationsD. is sure to cure any disease in the near future48. According to the passage, a clone of you .A. will want to kill youB. knows whatever you knowC. has no belly buttonD. will be younger than you49. The passage was written mainly to .A. predict the future of cloningB. introduce two bioengineering expertsC. review a book on cloningD. protest against movies about cloning BIn 1822 Gregor Mendel was born on a farm in Austria. His father found that Mendel was interested in plants. He knew that his son was clever, and he sent Mendel to high school. At that time few people attended high school, and those who did lived there. However, since his father could not give him enough money, he always felt hungry. Luckily, the other students always gave him food from their plates.Later Mendel became a monk (和尚) and continued his studies. He took care of the gardens at the temple where he and the other monks lived. He did experiments with pea(豌豆) plants for eight years. He wanted to prove that parents passed features to their children. Around 1860 Mendel discovered that plants have recessive and dominant genes (隐性和显性基因).He grew a tall pea plant with a short pea plant. Every one of the first generation(培育后代) of four pea plants was tall. This meant that tall was the dominant gene. Yet in the next generation of four pea plants, one plant was very short. The recessive short genes it received from both of its parent plants had made it short.From these experiments, he understood: Dominant genes showed up the most often in the children. Recessive genes only showed up sometimes and only when both parents carried the gene for the features.To share his finding with others, he wrote a paper. But during his lifetime no one cared about what he had discovered. At the time of his death, he still felt very sad.Finally, his important discovery was accepted in 1990. We know that both plants and animals have genes and that genes play a major role in how we look, how we act, and whether or not we are likely to get certain diseases.50. Which of the following is the correct order of the events mentioned in the text?a. Gregor Mendel became a monk.b. Gregor Mendel went to high school.c. Gregor Mendel did lots of plant experiments.d. Gregor Mendel wrote a paper to share his discovery.A. b-c-d-aB. b-a-c-dC. a-c-b-dD. a-d-b-c51. The third paragraph mainly tells us .A. there are different kinds of pea plantsB. where pea plants should be grownC. how Mendel made his discoveryD. Mendel liked to do experiments52. Why did Mendel feel sad at the time of his death?A. His father died from disease.B. His discovery wasn't accepted.C. He couldn't continue his research.D. He couldn't realize his great dream.CThe cloning technology has aroused heated discussions among people. Some of them speak highly of the technology by claiming that it offers a way for human beings to conquer their own genetic defects.★ Others consider it as an ogre (怪物) who will destroy us all in the end.FOR◆Equal importance is that women who are single could have a child, using cloning instead of artificial insemination(受精). Cloning could also provide a copy of a child for a couple whose child had died.◆Another goal of cloning is to produce livestock(家禽) with ideal characters for the agricultural industry and to be able to manufacture biological products such as proteins for humans.◆Cloning could be used in various ways to benefit the lives of humans.◆It may provide a way for completely sterile individuals to reproduce. It may provide a way for homosexual couples to reproduce themselves. It probably will provide a valuable basic research and possible spin off technologies related to reproduction and development.◆Cloning would also mean that organs could be cloned, so it would be a source of perfect transplant organs. This surely would be immensely beneficial to millions of unfortunate people who are expected to lose their lives due to failure of single(or more) organ(s).AGAINST◆Cloning would intervene with the normal cycle of life. There would be a large number of identical(相同的) genes, which minimize(使减小) the chances of mutation(变异), and, in turn, evolution—the fundamental reason how living things naturally adapt to the ever—changing environment.◆With genetic engineering and human cloning it is possible to use these in the arsenal(兵工厂) of ethnic cleansing(清洗) inequality in our society, which would be the beginning of many wars.◆Another argument against cloning is that it would be available only to the wealthy and therefore would increase social inequality.◆If the technology were to be so that scientists could transfer human genes into animals and vice-versa, which would heighten the danger of developing zoonoses, diseases that are transmitted from animals to humans. It could create a worldwide catastrophe that no one would be able to stop.◆Genetic engineering will cause unseen disasters spiraling our world into chaotic darkness.◆Cloning dead loved ones will not bring them back; they may look like them, but they will have a different personality.53. The purpose of the writer writing the passage is to .A. encourage us to support the ideas of FORB. advise us to accept the ideas of AGAINSTC. tell us to understand the ideas of FOR and AGAINST correctlyD. introduce us to know both the ideas of FOR and AGAINST54. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A. How Many Advantages Are There?B. How Many Disadvantages Are There?C. Which Side Is Wrong?D. Which Side Are You with?55. If a single lady wants a baby but not accept artificial insemination, she might .A. think about cloning technology to copy oneB. be against having child from cloning technologyC. produce livestock with ideal charactersD. speak little of the cloning technology56. What does the underlined word "these" in the part of AGAINST refer to?A. Large number of identical genes.B. Genetic engineering and human cloning.C. Ethnic cleansing inequality in our society.D. The wealthy and therefore social inequality.57. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. Cloning could also produce biological products such as proteins for livestock.B. Healthy organs could be cloned to transplant into unfortunate people.C. A large number of identical genes would widen the chances of mutation.D. Genetic engineering will cause unseen disasters and light the world.DYou Are What You EatGenetic(基因的) engineering is the scientific change of the genetic material in a living organism. It allows scientists to identify specific genes, to remove them from an organism's chromosomes(染色体), improve them, analyze them, and possibly clone them, and to then reinsert the changed gene into the original organism, or a completely different organism. Unlike traditional breeding(繁殖), where a desired quality would be bred within the same species, genetic engineering can insert desired ones into organisms of different species. Wow… Did you catch that?Genetic engineering creates many positive contributions to agriculture. For example, by genetically engineered (GE) foods, anti-cancer agents, minerals and vitamins can be increased. Improved taste, shelf life, and better transport are all possible. Also, GE plants can increase pest and bacterial resistance, therefore, making the food safe for consumers.But some argue that the possible negative effects outweigh the positives, and critics are starting to voice their concerns. Unlike Europe, in the United States labeling is not required on genetically engineered foods or on foods that contain genetically engineered products. Most Americans do not realize that they are, in fact, eating GE foods. The public is also concerned about the unknown health risks. With limited understanding of genes, scientists cannot predict possible effects. Because most genes introduced into GE plants come from sources not introduced into the human body, it is impossible to know if they will cause reactions. Moreover, due to the lack of labeling, if allergies develop, it will be extremely difficult to find the origin of them.There is also a major moral question in many minds. For many, the conflict is not if it is safe or not, but it disturbs them because it is unnatural and unnecessary. We are currently producing one and a half times the amount of food needed to feed the world, yet one in seven people are starving. GE food is unnecessary, and fails to address the root of hunger. Many believe that the only people who will benefit are the corporations that produce it.Scientists cannot foresee the possible effects of GE foods, yet we eat them every day without even knowing it. We already have enough food, so why create more that could be potentially harmful to us, to the Earth and to all wildlife? I think that the benefits are amazing, but until we know for sure how these foods will affect us, they are not worth the risk.58. According to the passage, traditional breeding is different from genetic engineering in that .A. traditional breeding changes the genes in the same speciesB. traditional breeding changes the genes in different speciesC. traditional breeding takes place within the same speciesD. traditional breeding is more scientific59. "The lack of labeling" in Paragraph 4 indicates .A. information concerning gene sources is unavailable to customersB. it is currently possible to find the origins of some allergiesC. scientists try to hide potential dangers from customersD. the US government is responsible for GE food60. According to Paragraph 5, GE food is unnecessary because .A. it won't help solve the problem of hunger in the worldB. there are potential dangers in producing GE foodC. we're now producing more food than beforeD. customers will benefit from GE food61. What is the author's attitude towards genetic engineering?A. Welcoming.B. Disapproving.C. Unconcerned.D. Optimistic. 答案一、单词拼写(依据中文提示拼写单词)1. procedure2. owed3. merely/only4. altogether5. condition6. compulsory7. media8. resisting二、单词拼写(单句首字母填空)9. bound10. adores11. vain12. bother13. struck14. objected15. retires三、单项选择16. A 17. C 18. C 19. B 20. B21. C 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. D四、完形填空26. D 27. D 28. C 29. C 30. B31. A 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. C36. D 37. C 38. A 39. D 40. B41. A 42. C 43. D 44. B 45. B五、阅读理解46. C 47. C 48. D 49. C 50. B 51. C 52. B 53. C 54. D 55. A 56. B 57. B 58. C 59. A 60. A 61. B。
