2017年高考英语一轮复习语法专题第六讲形容词、副词新人教版

考点一形容词和副词的基本用法１．形容词的基本用法形容词在句中可以用作定语、表语、宾语补足语、主语补足语、状语等。

２．副词的基本用法副词在句中可以用作状语（修饰动词、形容词、其他副词、整个句子等）、表语、定语和宾语补足语。

３．意义有别的同根副词１close接近地closely仔细地２free免费地freely自由地３hard努力地hardly几乎不４late迟,晚lately 近来５most极,非常mostly主要地⑥wide充分地widely广泛地⑦high高highly高度地⑧deep 深deeply深刻地,深沉地He was deeply moved by the moving story.他被这个感人的故事深深地感动了。

考点二形容词和副词的比较等级１．比较级和最高级的构成（１）规则形式１单音节以及少数双音节形容词和副词,在原级后加—er,—est构成。

如:clever—cleverer—cleverest。

其他特殊变化见下表:以不发音的e结尾加—r和—stbrave—braver—bravest以“辅音字母+y”结尾变y为i,再加—er 和—esthappy—happier—happiest以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母双写词尾,再加—er和—esthot—hotter—hottest２多音节和部分双音节形容词和副词,在原级前加more,most构成。

active—more active—most activehappily—more happily—most happily（２）不规则变化原级比较级最高级good,well better bestbad,ill worse worstmany,much more mostlittle less leastfar farther∕further farthest∕furthestold older∕elder oldest∕eldest以下形容词及其副词无比较级和最高级：relative,absolute,perfect,entire,senior,unique,present,right,wrong等。

形容词和副词表示倍数的句型：(1)A is＋倍数＋比较级＋than＋B(2)A is＋倍数＋as＋原级＋as＋B(3)A is＋倍数＋the＋名词(size，length，height 等)＋of＋B(4)A is＋倍数＋that＋of＋B(5)A is＋倍数＋what 引导的名词性从句①This building is three times higher than that one.This building is three times as high as that one.This building is three times the height of that one.这个建筑物是那个建筑物的3倍高。

②The output of this year is 3 times that of 2008.＝The output of this year is 3 times what it was in 2008.今年的产量是2008年的三倍。

③After the new technique was introduced，the factory produced twice as many cars in 2008 as the year before.自从新技术被引进以后，这家工厂2008年生产的小汽车是上一年的两倍。

1.(2011·福州模拟)When you study the local map，you’ll find this town is________. A．twice the size of that oneB．twice as a large town as thatC．twice as larger as that oneD．twice as larger a town as that解析：句意为：当你研究当地的地图时，你会发现这座城镇是那个的两倍大。

倍数的表达方式：A is ＋倍数＋the＋名词(如size/length)＋of B；B项中不定冠词位置错误；C、D 项中as后应用形容词原级。

形容词和副词语法训练Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.Cui said that social and cultural dialogue is among the new dialogue mechanisms(机制) created after the recent (success) meeting between the presidents of the two countries.2.He gave his seat immediately to an old man, showing that he was kind and (thought).3.But in Poland,she has gotten (usual) high levels of attention from locals.“Tanning salons (晒黑沙龙) are a big thing in Polish cities,” she wrote.(2019浙江嘉兴5月高三模拟)4.He is very polite, (friend) and genuinely caring, always remembering my birthday and bringing me chicken soup or Japanese tea if I’m ill.5.You (serious) scold your daughter for knocking the cup over.She breaks down in tears.(2019浙江金丽衢十二校高三上学期第二次联考改编)6. (sad), I found that we had run out of stuff necessary for a cheesecake.7.School representatives believe that the initiative will give kids more motivation and freedom over their education, (especial) if they are able to choose their own reading materials.8.Scott said,“I gave Palmer some tips on vocal technique,while he taught me life lessons.I got the (good) end of the deal.”(2019浙江七彩阳光联盟高三上学期第二次联考)9.And all of the available evidence was (relative) weak and variable, which the researchers said was unsurprising because of all the different variables.10.It took the volunteers much (long) time to plete the course when usinga phone.(2019浙江嘉兴高中学科基础测试)11.Even if you’re able to do so,someone else (probable)has already takena picture of your post.(2019浙江台州高三上学期期末考试)12.It is a wellknown fact that smoking is too (harm) to our health.13.Neither of them had their gift just given to them at birth.They had to work(true) hard and discover that they had a gift.14.This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their (nature) course.15.That will (certain) mean more cultural exchanges between the two countries in the future.(2019浙江丽水、衢州、湖州三地市高三上学期教学质量检测)答案及剖析:1.successful 考查形容词。

课时作业45形容词与副词一、根据提示用恰当的词填空1.I can't tell you how much the precious painting is worth, but it is ________ (rough) assessed at $100 million.答案与解析roughly句意：我没法告诉你这幅珍贵的画值多少钱，但是它大致可估价1亿美元。

roughly“粗略地”。

2.Although she brushed the old pot ________ (thorough), she could not make it completely clean, which made her very upset.答案与解析thoroughly句意：尽管她把这个旧罐子彻底清洗了，但还是没有把它完全洗干净，这让她很心烦。

根据句意可知应用thoroughly，表示“彻底地”，修饰动词brush。

3.—Do you like Mary's new hairstyle？—Perfect! How much ________ (good) she looks with the curly short hair！答案与解析better句意：——你喜欢玛丽的新发型吗？——很棒！她一头卷曲的短发看上去好看多了。

根据语境可知，玛丽现在的发型比以前好看多了，故用比较级better。

4.When it comes to my hobbies, I like rock climbing ________ (good)．答案与解析best句意：说到我的爱好，我最喜欢攀岩了。

此处表示在所有的爱好中进行比较，故用副词的最高级形式。

5.The naughty boy entered the classroom ________ (caution), fearing that his teacher would blame him.答案与解析cautiously句意：这个顽皮的男孩害怕老师会责备他，小心翼翼地走进教室。

高考语法专题：形容词和副词考纲新研读在语境中选择适当的形容词或副词。

即供选择的形容词或副词不一定都是近义词。

比较级和最高级也是常有考查。

类例：1. frie ndly, lively, worried, cold2. free, vaca nt, han dy, convenient3. ope n-min ded, hard-work ing, self-c on fide nt, warm-hearted4. no rmal, ordi nary, com mon, typical5. no rmal, con sta nt, perma nent, primary6. as twice large as, twice as large as, twice as much as, as twicemuch as7. away, up, in, back8. mean while, however, i nstead, yet9. still, eve n, also, ever10. skillfully, commonly, willingly, nervously形容词1. 表语形容词：只作表语或宾补，不能作定语，如:afraid, alive,asleep, awake, able, sure, ill, well; 而作定语用frightened, live, sleeping, waking, sick, healthy 等;但able men 有能力的人;illeffect 坏影响2. 形容词的语序：限定词一描绘性一年龄一新旧一大小一颜色一原料(类别)+名词限定词指冠词、物主代词、指示代词、数词等。

女口：three very comfortable dark blue chairsthe cloudy gray morning sky3. 形容词的级(原级、比较级和最高级)⑴原级:as...as,否定用not as (so)...as, 同等比较，用形容词原级：we ll give you as much help as we can.He is as good a boy as his brother.as...as 前可力卩nearly, almost, exactly, just, twice, three times 等: We produced twice as much cott on this year as we did last year.⑵比较级:more than，用形容词的比较级：Mary is taller tha n Joh n but less active tha n Joh n.比较级前可加far, much, even, still, slightly, a lot, a little, a bit(three) times 等，而by far 放在比较级后，最高级前：This story is more interesting than that one by far.这个故事远比那个有趣。