中考英语书面表达应对策略共53页

2023中考英语书面体现应对方略及必背范文【考点扫描】书面体现是每年中考必考题型，是考察学生交际能力旳一种重要构成部分。

书面体现一般有三种形式：1、书信、日志、告知、留言、假条；2、看图作文；3、根据汉语提醒作文。

无论是那一种书面体现形式，考生所写旳短文都要紧紧围绕主题、文理通顺，要素完整，语言精确、得当、格式对旳、无大、小写和拼写错误，标点符号对旳，能到达交际目旳。

【名师解难】一. 训练措施1. 记。

认真系统复习和背诵基础知识和优美旳句子、句型。

中国有句古话，叫“熟读唐诗三百首，不会吟诗也会作”。

同样，要使自己具有较强旳写作能力，首先应当熟读和背诵某些句型和短文。

许多同学写出来旳语言主线不符合英语旳语言习惯，相称一部分人有对照中文逐字翻译旳不良习惯，不去理会中英文旳差异。

大量旳背诵和阅读是提高写作能力旳有效措施，同学们若有大量旳现成语言积累在脑海里，自己写起文段来，就可以做到脱口而出，或是模仿、套用，甚至发挥。

2. 练。

每练一篇书面体现题，都要真正学到一点东西，不可贪多而边学边忘。

平时可以采用循序渐进、灵活多样旳练习方式。

从根据提醒词写单句开始，到写单句，然后到写几句话，最终到写流利旳文段。

尽量尝试多种形式旳写作，如短信、阐明、告知、便条、明信片、看图写作、根据表格或记录写短文等。

3. 写。

要进行实战写作。

规定自己在20分钟内写出100个词旳短文，并且质量高、内容全、形式对旳。

这样形成习惯，考试时就能得心应手。

二. 应试方略1. 审题目：要切中题意。

《中考考试阐明》指出，书面体现要切中题意。

怎样才能切中题意？就是要认真审题，看到考题后，先不要急于动笔，要仔细看清题目规定旳内容。

在自己旳头脑中构思出一种框架或画面，确定短文旳中心思想，不要匆匆下笔，看懂题意，根据图画、图表、提纲或短文提供旳资料和信息来审题。

审题要审格式、体裁、人物关系、故事情节、主体时态、活动时间、地点等。

2. 圈要点：防止遗漏要点。

中考英语书面表达命题特点与解题策略书面表达是通过文字传递信息和表达思想的一种交际活动。

书面表达试题比较注重考查学生在特定情境里综合运用语言进行表达的能力。

书面表达的命题趋势是：题材贴近生活，内容要点清楚，交际情景合理，表达形式多样。

学生有感而发，答案开放多元。

经典题型如日记、书信、邮件、图表、通知、看图写话等老题材还继续沿用。

可能在沿用这些题型的同时，为学生提供更自由的发挥空间和想象余地。

一、书面表达考查的要点①能否根据提示要求运用所学词组、句型写出易懂的短文。

②短文结构是否有层次、有条理、能否清楚表达自己的意思。

③是否能较为准确地运用语法、词汇, 拼写、标点基本正确。

④是否能使用简单语句间的连接成分,使全文内容连贯。

二、书面表达题材的特点①题材内容丰富，意义具有一定的教育性。

例如：07年江苏扬州卷今天，你校举办了“行动感恩日活动”，请你根据以下活动安排，用英语写一篇短文，介绍你参加的活动及你的感想，并将短文投到校报发表。

②素材是学生经历过或可能经历到的，便于学生写出真情实感。

例如：07年青海省卷2008年北京奥运会组委会正在招募志愿者，请以Being a volunteer forthe2008 Olympic Games为题，写一篇80—100词左右的文章。

开头已给出。

文章必须包括以下要点：Build your confidenceHave an opportunity to develop social knowledge and skillsImprove EnglishMeeting many famous athletes③命题贴近学生生活，体现人文关怀。

例如：07年江西卷中学生学习时间长、压力大，专家建议学生每天课后应采取适当的方式放松自己。

某英文报“学生习作”专栏正在就“学生适当的放松方式”这一话题进行征文。

假设你是二十二中初三（3）班的班长，最近你对班上同学课后放松方式进行了调查。

中考英语书面表达备考策略中考英语书面表达备考策略可以从以下几个方面入手：1.审题清晰，明确写作主题和要点。

在开始写作前，要认真审题，理解题目要求，明确写作的主题、要点和格式。

对于一些图表类作文，需要仔细阅读图表的标题、文字提示和数据等，理解图表所表达的信息和要求。

2.列提纲，规划文章结构。

在审题后，要迅速列出文章的大纲，包括开头、主体和结尾等部分，明确每个部分需要表达的内容和要点。

提纲可以帮助我们更好地组织文章结构，避免内容重复和混乱。

3.积累词汇和句型，丰富语言表达。

在平时的学习中，要注意积累英语词汇和句型，掌握一些常用的表达方式和语法结构。

这些词汇和句型可以帮助我们在写作时更加准确地表达自己的意思，提高文章的可读性和语言质量。

4.注意时态和语态，保持前后一致。

在写作时，要注意正确使用时态和语态，根据题目要求和语境选择合适的时态和语态。

同时，要注意保持前后一致，不要在文章中出现时态或语态不一致的情况。

5.避免语法错误和拼写错误。

语法错误和拼写错误都会影响文章的质量和得分。

在写作时，要注意检查语法和拼写错误，确保文章中没有这些错误。

6.多练习写作，提高写作速度和效率。

在备考期间，要多进行英语写作练习，熟悉各种类型的书面表达题目，提高写作速度和效率。

同时，也可以通过阅读一些优秀的英语文章，学习别人的写作技巧和表达方式。

7.注意书写规范和卷面整洁。

在写作时，要注意书写规范和卷面整洁。

字迹要清晰易读，标点符号使用要正确，避免乱涂乱改。

同时，要注意分段和排版，使文章看起来整洁有序。

总之，中考英语书面表达备考需要注重审题、积累词汇和句型、注意时态和语态、避免语法和拼写错误、多练习写作、注意书写规范和卷面整洁等方面。

通过认真备考和实践练习，可以有效地提高英语书面表达能力。

中考英语作文应对策略英语写作是中考英语试卷中最后一道题，考察的是初中毕业生使用英语进行书面表达的能力。

它是同学们最感困惑和失分比例较高的大题。

写作是考察语言综合运用能力的项目，它要求考生能熟练运用学过的词汇、句型等，并且能良好地进行谋篇布局。

由于作文难度较高，导致很多考生望“文”兴叹。

从历年的考题来看，中考英语写作涉及的内容和主题一般都贴近中学生的生活，命题人希望考生在面对这些题目时有感而发、有话可说，是广大考生现有的语言水平和生活经历所能掌控的。

知己知彼，方可百战不殆。

考生应首先明确自己写作中的问题所在，对症下药方可“药到病除”。

在教学中笔者发现，考生的问题一般存在于以下几个方面：1. 文章主题不突出很多同学一般都是通过一遍不超过1分钟的读题就进入了写作过程，忽视了写作最初也是最重要的步骤——审题。

导致写出来的文章要么偏题跑题，要么内容没有很好地紧扣主题，一般常见的低分和零分的文章就出于此，还有的同学作文分数时高时低也是因为这个原因。

建议考生最好能花3~5分钟时间进行仔细的审题和构思，围绕主题，列出提纲，这样写文章的时候就能主题明确，并且内容能很好地支撑主题。

审题应该从以下方面入手：首先，明确文章的主题是什么，也就是核心话题。

其次，文章的文体是什么，根据文体确定写作选用的时态，比如记叙文常用一般过去时。

第三，确定要写得内容，这几方面缺一不可。

2. 语言不规范考试的时候由于时间紧迫以及心态等问题，考生通常会犯很多低级错误，诸如时态运用不当、主谓不一致、漏用冠词、介词搭配错误、拼写错误等问题层出不穷，导致了直接的失分，三年的艰辛很可能就因为这一两分化为乌有。

另外，简单句用逗号分隔后漏用连词等现象也是屡见不鲜，一个and，but，so，yet这样简单的连词在这时候就能助你一臂之力。

考生在语言规范方面另外一个大问题就是把中文的使用习惯放到了英语表达中，也就是常说的中式英语Chinglish的现象，诸如“I very liked playing football.”在考生的文章中频频出现。

《福州市中考英语书面表达I和II部分应对策略》。

中考英语书面表达I部分应对策略.
1 认真看图,结合提示词,写的句子要表达图的意思.
2 围绕提示词,确保提示词都用上
3从语法角度检查句子.
中考英语书面表达II部分应对策略.
1．认真审题立意。

2．草拟提纲,打造文章的骨架。

如命题作文中有提示句，要从提示句的关键词出发，围绕关键词开拓思路，发挥联想，记录下联想到的东西，可以是句子或单词词组。

如果是看图作文还要认真观察图画，把图画描述内容连成一个有机整体。

如果是书信，还要注意格式
3．写出各段主题句，理清文章脉络。

通常将段落主题句置于段落的开头，可使文章结构更清晰，这样可以让读者对文章内容一目了然。

4．参照提纲，紧扣主题句，完成各段落，丰富文章内容。

有了段落主题句后，还需要顺着段落主题句的方向，适当的发挥。

中考书面表达与应对策略书面表达是中考必考题型，也是难度最大的题型之一，此题考查学生综合运用语言知识及以书面英语的形式传递信息；运用英语正确的遣词造句，将词连句，将句连文的能力；善于理解情景提示的内容，抓住要点和中心思想的能力。

在复习备考中如何在有限的时间里最大限度地提高学生的成绩，是每位考生和一线教师都在思考的问题。

我通过对近几年中考试题的研究，对学生试卷的分析以及近年来初三复习课的经验，自己在本届初三复习中提出本考点的应对策略。

一、解读考纲《中考说明（新课标英语）》对初中毕业生学业考试在书面表达方面的要求是：1、能根据写作要求收集、准备素材。

2、能独立起草短文、短信等，并能进行修改。

3、能使用常见的连词表示顺序和逻辑关系。

4、能简单描述任务式文件。

5、能根据所给提示表格写出简单的段落和操作说明。

《考纲》对学生的语言表达提出的要求注重语言表达能力的考察，注重学生语言素养，也注意学生对基础知识的掌握和运用。

由于考纲的要求是多方面的、多层次的，使许多考生不能有针对性地训练，在考场上很难得到高分。

二、试卷分析在多年参加中考阅卷的过程中，我发现学生的答卷中经常会出现以下问题造成学生失分：1.理解错误：考生不能正确理解题意，而一味地将自己会写的东西堆砌上去，没有紧扣主题，要点不全。

2.格式错误：应用文形式的考察，格式错误。

如书信、通知等格式，考生往往忘记标题、忘记称呼、忘记落款署名，对特殊文体的特殊格式掌握不牢。

3.句法语法错误：考生不注意所写句子单复数变化、人称一致、主谓一致、时态和固定结构搭配等问题。

4.卷面不整洁：部分考生的作文书写不工整，字迹乱，到处乱涂抹。

尤其是近年来网上阅卷书写更为重要。

三、解题方法在中考中语言表达题要想得到高分，考生必须做到：1.紧扣题目，覆盖所有内容要点，即认真审题。

2.没有语法和词汇错误，具有较强的语言运用能力。

3.格式正确，标点符号运用准确。

4.符合英语表达习惯，词数基本符合要求。

中考英语书面表达训练方法及应试策略分享中考英语中的书面表达题,主要有“补全对话”、“看图填词”、“看图写话”、“看图作答”、“看图完成短文”、“看图完成句子”和“根据提示的内容,完成某项写作”等形式。

这类题型的考试目的在于:通过书面形式测试考生口头会话和作简单书面表达的能力。

下面就跟着小编一起来学习一下吧。

一、测试要点一般说来,测试的主要内容都是以日常生活为背景,进行简单的会话或写作。

例如:问候、问路、看病、打电话、购物、自我介绍等功能意念项目和简单的应用文,例如:便条、通知、短信等。

一个题目写10个左右的句子,字数为80-100个左右。

二、日常训练与应试注意事项1.平时要注意句型与对话的学习,注意听说训练,积极参与听说训练的教学活动,以达到会话相当熟练的程度。

2.在会话中,注意常在情景中使用的习惯用语、套语的归纳和应用,做到脱口而出,应对如流。

3.注意口语与书面语的区别及一些特殊的表达方法,做题时一定要瞻前顾后,既要看到前面的内容,又要看到后面的语句;既要符合习惯用法,又要注意表达的准确性。

4.要经常进行日常应用文和命题作文的学习与训练。

三、解题技巧1.要注意看清题目的要求与提供的情景,需用哪些习惯用语,哪种时态,根据词数限制,应选用哪一种表达方式为最佳。

2.表达要正确,要注意英美人的习惯用语,切忌随心所欲,用中文去对照英文进行翻译。

例如:A:How do you do?此题只能选择Howdo you do”来回答,除此,无第二种选择。

如果从语法和字数方面来考虑,那将会有“How old are you”“What is y ourname”“Where are you from”等多种与问句不符的答语。

3.注意在一些交际场合中,习惯使用的客套语。

只要根据已知部分,就可推测出未知部分。

例如:How are you熁卮可用“fine ”“I ’m fine.Thank you.”如果用“How do you do”来回答,就大错特错了。

如何面对中考压力英语作文How to Face the Pressure of the Senior High School Entrance ExaminationAs students, we all face the pressure of the senior high school entrance examination. It can be a challenging and stressful time, but there are ways to deal with it effectively. Firstly, we should have a positive attitude. Believe in ourselves and our abilities. Remind ourselves that we have prepared well and can handle the examination.Secondly, make a good study plan and follow it strictly. This helps us organize our time and makes us feel more confident. Thirdly, take breaks and engage in activities we enjoy. This allows us to relax our minds and reduce stress.Fourthly, communicate with our parents, teachers, and friends. They can offer support and advice.Fifthly, keep a healthy lifestyle by getting enough sleep, eating well, and exercising regularly.Finally, don't compare ourselves with others. Everyone has their own pace and strengths.In conclusion, the senior high school entrance examination is important, but it doesn't define our worth. By adopting the right strategies, we can face the pressure with confidence andachieve our best.中文翻译：如何面对中考压力作为学生，我们都面临着中考的压力。

中考写作策略梳理1第一步：认真审题，确定文章体裁和主题。

在写作之前，一定要圈画写作的题目、题材、格式和情景条件仔细地考虑一下，弄清楚题目或情景条件要求写什么，抓住文体格式、行文内容等。

2第二步：在草稿纸上根据题目要求列出规定的要点，及每个要点所需短语或句型，并适当拓展。

注意运用合适的时态。

提纲按照正确的逻辑顺序排列，一定紧扣题目，然后考虑运用的短语或句型。

不论哪一类文章，最重要的是用英语思维构思，避免中式英语。

尽量运用自己最熟悉、最有把握的句型。

3第三步：将所有语言材料组合，写出连贯通顺的文章。

注意使用恰当的连词和过渡句型，开头要点题，结尾要有恰当的结束语。

文章要以叙述、说明清楚为主，不要过多地进行赘述，尽量少用“大词”或较为复杂的语法结构和句型；如果想不起来词或句型时，要尽量用同义词、近义词或近义句。

语法使用和单词拼写要正确，可多使用一些较为简单的句式，句与句之间的过渡要自然，适当使用一些表示并列、递进、因果和转折等的连词，使语言自然流畅。

4第四步：仔细读一遍草稿，挑出错误，对拿不准的句型或词语进行修改或删减。

注意控制词数。

检查的范围有：是否扣题，格式是否正确，是否遗漏或误解之处，提示词语和情景条件是否在内；查找可能出现的语法错误，常见的问题有：单词拼写、动词时态和语态、名词单复数、代词使用和标点符号等。

5第五步：将修改无误的短文工整地誊抄在卷面上。

文段表达就是用书面的形式进行语言交际，它不能随意发挥。

也不能逐字逐句地翻译所给提示，必须根据题目的要求和所给的情景进行恰当地表达，语言要准确，要符合书面语的规则。

因此，下面从常见话题的角度来简单介绍北京中考的文段表达及相关话题常见的句型表达，语言要准确，要符合书面语的规则。

因此，下面从常见话题的角度来简单介绍中考的文段表达及相应话题常见的句型表达和词组搭配。

中考话题常见词组和句型表达话题1介绍人（自己、家庭、朋友、老师、个人变化和个人感受等）1.I am Li Ming /Li Ling..., a boy/girl of 15, who is tall /short...and wear glasses.2.I was born...3.I live in ...4.I am interested in ...5.I love/like /enjoy doing....but I don’t like ...6.My favourite ...is ...7.I can ...8.I am good at ...9.I do well in ...10.I want to be an /a ...11.This is my...12.With the help of ...13.I have learned that ...14.It has brought me pleasure and success话题2介绍地点（旅游景点介绍或描述某一地理位置或场所）1.I/We want to visit ...by train /air/ car2.I/We have a trip to ...3.It is a fine day. The sky is blue.4....is one of the most famous places of interest in China.5.There is /are some places of interest.6....is the capital city of ..., which has a long history with rich culture.7.You can not only see...but also visit ...8.I take lots of photos there.9.It is near / in front of /behind/ next to/ ...10.I/We enjoy myself/ourselves.11.We have fun.话题3假期安排（描述计划安排，或者记叙过去发生的事等）1.I plan to do ...1.I’d like to have a different but meaningful vacation.2.I decide to work as a volunteer to ...3.How meaningful and colourful my vacation will be!4.I will ... / I am going to ...话题4校园生活（记叙与校园学习或生活有关的事件，如春游、校规、科目和学习困难等）1.give sb. some suggestions/advice on2.suggest doing3.I suggest that ...4.allow sb. to do5.be supposed to do6.take part in7.join ...club8.have a ...class9.do exercise10.pay attention to11.take notes12.work out13.get good grades14.have trouble /difficulty in doing15.encourage to do16.help with /do17.ask for .../for help18.try one’s best to do19.stick to20.give me a hand as soon as possible21.teach me not to give up22.It is easy /difficult for me to do ...23.I try to do ...24.I work hard and improve a lot.25.Listen to teachers carefully in class and go over my lessons in time.26.I make a great/big progress.27.Although I failed, I never gave up.28.I am not afraid to try new things.话题5课外生活（学生家庭生活和家务劳动等）1.play a role in2.do housework3.be proud of4.be busy with5.prefer to do6.be able to do7.have an influence on ...8.make a difference to9.spend ...on /doing10.learn to do11.The earlier... the better...12.In my spare time...话题6节假日活动（介绍发生在某一传统节日的活动，或者记叙发生在某一节日的经历等）[常见词组搭配]1.I tried some zongzi and I have eaten both sweet zongzi and salty zongzi.2.I like the salty ones better.3.I also watched the dragon boat races.4.The drums were loud and the boats were very colourful. It was fun.5.help clean up to have a new look for the new year6.visit friends and relatives7.have a big meal8.We have been celebrating the Mid-Autumn Festival and enjoying moon cakes fora long time.9.Moon cakes are in the shape of a full moon on the Mid-Autumn night.10.Moon cakes carry people’s wishes to the families they love and miss.11.On Mid-Autumn day, people started the tradition of admiring the moon and sharing moon cakes with their families.12.Children carried beautiful paper lanterns that they had made.13.Some lanterns were in the shape of fruits; others were of flowers and animals.14.put up Chinese New Year decorations15.During the Spring Festival, paper cutting are put on windows, doors and walls as symbol of wishes for good luck and a happy new year.16.help prepare the Chinese New Year dinner17.Every dish has its meaning, like peace, good luck, good health...18.The best thing about Chinese New Year is fireworks.19.Just before midnight, everyone went outside and millions of fireworks went off together.20.The sky suddenly became bright and everybody cheered.21.Thanksgiving is about giving thanks and spending time with our family.22.We had a great time, talking, eating and playing games.23.There is always a huge public firework display on National Day.24.On holidays, it is time to get relaxed or go out of the city to travel.话题7环境和健康（针对环境或健康问题描述原因及给予建议等）1.turn off2.remember to do3.make use of4.protect the environment5.reduce pollution6.do harm to7.cut down trees8.live a low-carbon life9.waste resources10.form the good habit of doing11.take action12.eat a balanced diet13.give up the junk food14.sleep more eight hours15.drink enough more water and less sugar water16.take exercise for one hour17.stay healthy/keep healthy18.It’s our duty /responsible to protect the environment.19.We should recycle water and save electricity.20.Pollution is one of the most serious environmental problems in the world.21.Remember to go shopping with baskets rather than plastic bags.22.Even the simplest activities can make a real difference to the environment.话题8观点建议类（针对某一现象或话题发表自己的观点，主要是提建议或劝告他人等）1.cooperate withmunicate with3.talk about4.keep doing5.It is a good/wise idea/choice to do6.You had better do7.not only...but also ...8.On one hand, ...On the other hand,...9.That’s why that ...10.It is very important /useful / to do ...11.In a/one word,...12.In short ,13.As a result,14.I hope ...15.It is clear that ...16.In my opinion / I think ...中考应用文常见词组和句型表达体裁1邀请函[开头]1.It’s my honour to invite you to attend the lecture /the activity of ...2.It’s with the great pleasure that I write the sincerely invite yo to ...[中间]1.There will be many kinds of interesting activities at the party, such as singing, dancing, and so on.2.Here are some details about it.3.It will start at ...in the school hall.4.It’s a good opportunity for you to learn about ...5.Don’t forget to ...6.It’s a golden chance for you to come up with some questions.[结尾]1.I’m really looking forward to seeing you. If there is anything you are not clear about, you can ask me at any time.2.If you are interested in it, please let me know and I’ll send you more information.体裁2道歉信[开头]1.I’m writing to apologize to you for I broke your cup/lost your books/...2.I feel very sorry about the inconvenience I made...3.I would like to express my apology for not being able to arrive on time.[中间]1.I was so hurried that I forget to take the book back with me and I couldn’t find it when I went back there.2.Unluckily, I didn’t catch the bus/train so I was late for it.3.I’m wondering that whether I can buy a new one for you to make up your loss or not.4.I will try my best to make up your loss. So shall I do this one more time? I will do it well.[结尾]1.I apologize again for the delay/...and I hope what I did can meet your satisfaction.2.I regret I didi that and please trust and forgive me.3.Please accept my sincere apology for ...once more and I promise I never do that again.体裁3留言条[目的]1.I want to tell you my friend Jack asks me to go shopping/swimming/with him this afternoon/...2.I’m writing to let you know I plan to visit my grandparents this weekend. /my friends and I plan to go on a trip next week/...3.I’m writing to tell you I have to go out to return books for four hours. /climb mountains with my classmates tomorrow morning./...[具体内容]1.I want to know if you can help me look after my plant./if you have some spare time to take care of my pet dog./...2.I will appreciate if you can help me pick up my friend./...[返回时间并表示感谢]1.I will go home next Monday and I’m really thankful for your help./I will be back at 8 p.m. and thank you for your kindness./...2.We plan to return next Friday. Thank you for what you have done during this period./We are supposed to come back next month. Please accept my thanks from the bottom of my heart./...3.I will come back by bike /bus/...at 10:00 and I will bring you a gift for your help.体裁4自荐信[表达意愿]1.I would like to take this opportunity to recommend myself to be a member /...in your club/team...2.I learned from your advertisement that you are in need of a volunteer/ an assistant...I’m quite interested in it.3.I’m writing to apply for the volunteer/assistant...which was advertised at... [应聘理由]1.The reason why I want to be a/an volunteer/assistant is that I want to /can...2.I apply for this job/position because I want to be a volunteer...to save morelife/help...[胜任的决心]1.I think I’m the right person for the job because I have some relative experience.2.I believe I can be qualified because of my character/experience/knowledge/...体裁5倡议书[开头]1.I’m writing this letter to call on more people to save energy/to recycle things/...2.We are supposed /required/expected to choose a healthy lifestyle/protect...3.It’s our duty to make our school clean/to create a better learning environment/...[中间]1.As students, we can do a lot for waste sorting. For example, we can sort the waste by preparing some bins in different colors at home./...2.On the one hand, bicycle-riding is good for our health. On the other hand, it’s a good way to protect environment.3.We do this not only for ourselves but also for our family/school/community/earth...[结尾]1.It’s useful and meaning for us to read more books, so I hope everyone should develop a good habit of reading books.2.Let’s all take actions now and contribute to buildings a harmonious environment/creating a better atmosphere for study./...3.If everyone can protect our environment from now on, our earth will become more and more beautiful.体裁6感谢信[开头]1.I’m writing to thank you for your great help/giving me life and bringing me up/...2.I would like to express my thanks in this letter for your kindness/your consideration/...[中间]1.The love and care you have given us encourage us to go through a long journey/give us great courage /...2.No matter who asks you for help, you are always warm-hearted and kind/...[结尾]3.I repeat my thanks again for your understanding...4.I must thank you again for your great help/everything you have done...中考常见过渡词和句型表达类别1开头常用词或句型1.As we know ...= It is well known that ...2.It is widely accept ...3.I am glad to hear from you. There is no doubt that ...类别2表示时序的词或词组1.first / first of all2.at first3.above all4.second5.and then6.since then7.after a while8.next9.at the same time10.immediatelyter12.soon13.suddenly14.until nowst but not least,...16.After that...类别3表示并列的词或词组1.both...and...2.not only ...but also ...3.as well as4.either...or...5.neither...nor...6.with...7.What is more...8.Also...9.Besides,...10.On the one hand...On the other hand...类别4表示上下关系常用短语与连词1.Because of2.so that3.in fact4.in order to...5.in order that...6.Luckily7.Unluckily/Unfortunately,...8.Unexpectedly, ...9.Most importantly, ...10.In addition, ...类别5表示总结的词组或句型1.in a/ one word2.in short3.as a result4.from the above5.I hope...6.If...7.It is clear that ...8.In my opinion / I think...。