第四讲顺藤摸瓜猜中词句猜测题

第四讲顺藤摸瓜猜中词句猜测题［题型概述］词句猜测题着重考查考生根据上下文猜测词（块）或句子的能力，这也是一个从“已知”得出“未知”的过程，即利用上下文的已知部分［尤其是该词（块）或句子前后的内容］进行推理，有时还需要依靠常识和经验来猜测。

考查范围涉及：单词意义理解、词块意义理解、句子意义理解或代词指代对象的确定等。

［解题步骤］技法 1 词（块）猜测题——语境逻辑猜词义［示例］（2018年11月·浙江高考·阅读C节选）But this summer I find myself at a loss.I 'm not quite interested in Bal，zascay，or “Tristram Shandy. ” There 'Wsa arlawnadysP eace，which I 've covered some distance several times，only to get__bogged__downi n the “War”，psaetr tit aside for a while，and realize that I have to start over from the beginning again，having forgotten everyone 'nsa me and social rank ．How appealing to simply fall back on a favorite—once more into “TheW aves” or “ Justine，” which feels almost like cheating，too exciting and too much fun to properly belong in serious literature. 28．What do the underlined words “get bogged down ” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Get confused.B．Be carried away. C．Be interrupted. D．Make no progress. ★试题特点词（块）猜测题主要考查考生猜测文章中某个生词、短语或词块的含义，或考查该词（块）能被哪个单词、短语或词块代替。

此外，也会涉及某一个熟词在不同语境中的不同含义。

★解题思路Step 1：查找——快速查找与猜测相关的信息句（画波浪线句）Step 2：详读——作者在读“战争”部分时几次合上书，把书放一边，之后不得不再次从头开始阅读。

Step 3：尝试解答——由信息句可判断出，句中画线的“get bogged down指的”是陷入困境，停滞不前，没有进展。

与make no progress同义，故选D。

★名师点津干扰项一般有以下几种情况：（1）词（块）的字面意思；（2）文中出现的与猜测无关的内容；（3）命题人凭空杜撰的内容。

技法 2 句意猜测题——意义吻合定句意［示例］（2017年6月·浙江高考·阅读 A 节选）The brush did not last long.Soon Benjamin needed more fur ．Before long ，the cat began to look ragged （蓬乱）．His father said that the cat must be sick.Benjamin was forced to admit what he had been doing.The__cat '__s lot__was__about__to__improve. That yea，r one of Benjamin ' s cou，sins Mr.Pennington，came to visit.He was impressed with Benjamin 'Ws hderanw hineg s.went home，he sent Benjamin a box of paint and some brushes.He also sent six engravings （版画） by an artist.These were the first pictures and first real paint and brushes Benjamin had ever seen.22．What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 3 suggest?A．The cat would be closely watched.B．The cat would get some medical care.C．Benjamin would leave his home shortly.D．Benjamin would have real brushes soon.★试题特点句意猜测题一般出现在句式复杂或意义含蓄的长难句或高度概括句中，要求考生用合适的语句解释这一长难句或高度概括句。

★解题思路Step 1：查找——快速查找与猜测相关的信息句（画波浪线句）Step 2：详读——本杰明剪猫的毛来制作画笔，导致猫惨遭“破相”。

本杰明的堂兄Pennington 给他送来了颜料和画笔。

Step 3：尝试解答——由信息句可推断出，画线句说明“猫的命运得到了改善”，隐含着“本杰明将得到真正的画笔”，故选D。

★名师点津首先要理解句子前后的语境，其次对此句在文章中的意思进行合理的推断，最后再归纳总结。

一般来说，正确选项的意思与原句“意义吻合”，只是用其他的英语词汇或句式来表达而已。

技法 3 代词猜测题——就近原则猜代词［示例］（2017 ·全国卷Ⅰ·阅读 C 节选）Despite the celebrations，though，in the U．S.the jazz audience continues to shrink and grow older，and the music has failed to connect with younger generation．sIt ' s Jason Moran 's job to help cthhaant．geA s the Kennedy Center 's artistic adviser for jazz，Moran hopes to widen the audience for jazz，make the music more accessible，and preserve its history and culture.29．What does the underlined word “ ptahr a tgr”ap hin 3 refer to?A．Jazz becoming more accessible.B．The production of jazz growing faster.C．Jazz being less popular with the young.D．The jazz audience becoming larger.★试题特点代词猜测题主要考查文章中的人称代词、不定代词、指示代词或关系代词的指代内容。

★解题思路Step 1：查找——快速查找该代词所代替的内容（画波浪线句）Step 2：详读——在美国爵士乐的听众数量正在减少，爵士乐未能受到年轻一代的欢迎。

Step 3：尝试解答——Jason Moran的工作就是要帮助改变这一现象，由此可猜测出，that指代“爵士乐不受年轻人欢迎”这一现象，故选C。

★名师点津就近原则向上（有时向下）搜索，找最近的名词、词组或句子等代入替换该指代词，看其意思、逻辑关系是否通顺，并最终确定最佳答案专练一细节理解题A（2019 ·浙江名校协作体联考）Madison Square Garden（MSG，） a place for world-famous events in New York City，has actually been a group of buildings in different spots rather than a single building in one spot.In 1874，P.T.Barnum threw open Barnum' sM onster Classical and Geological Hippodrome（BMCGH） at the corner of Madison Avenue and 26th Stree，t across from Madison Square Park.Two years late，r bandleader PatrickGilmore leased the building，added statues and fountains，and renamed it Gilmore ' s Gardens.When Kissam Vanderbilttook back control of the building，it was renamed Madison Square Garden in 1879.A new grand Madison Square Garden was built at the same spot in 1890，with a ballroom，a restauran，t a theate，r a rooftop garden，and a main hall with seating for 8，000.However，this complex Madison Square Garden lasted until 1925 when it was torn down to make way for a forty-level landmark.When the second Madison Square Garden had been replaced in its spot across from Madison Square Park，the boxing promoter Tex Rickard built a new Madison Square Garden.This new Madison Square Garden was constructed in a different pla，ceon 8thAvenue between 49th and 50th Streets and quite some distance from Madison SquarePark and Madison Avenue.Rickards Madison Square Garden served primarily as an arena（场地） for boxing prize fights and circus events until it lost its usefulness by the late 1960s.A new spot was found again for Madison Square Garden，with Pennsylvania Station to be built underground.Plans were announced for the construction of Madison Square Garden in 1960.This building，which includes a huge sports hal，l a bowling center，a 5 ，000-seat arena，and a twenty-nine-level office building ，does keep the traditional name Madison SquareGarden.However，it doesn'lti e near Madison Square，nor does it have the flowery gardens that contributed to the original name.But it still hosts the history-making moments at present as the former ones.【语篇解读】本文属于说明文，主要介绍了麦迪逊广场花园的历史变迁，包括它的建筑时间、地点以及功能的变化。