形容词和副词
一．形容词作用与位置
1．形容词作定语。
He is a tall man.
The red pencil is mine.
It is a beautiful present.
There is something wrong with the watch.
Is there anything special?
There is nothing new.
总结：1. 形容词作定语修饰名词时，放在名词的前面。
2. 形容词作定语修饰不定代词something，anything，everything，nothing
等时，放在代词的后面。
2．形容词作表语
He is very strong.
It is getting warm.
The soup tastes delicious.
What he said proved true.
She fell asleep.
总结：
1) 常见系动词有：be，become, get ,turn, grow, go，keep ,remain, stay look,
smell , taste, feel, sound, appear , seem ,prove
2)有些成对出现的形容词：interesting/interested, surprising/surprised,
exciting/excited, moving/moved
例：The film was so moving that everyone was moved to tears.
3.形容词作状语，表状况、原因、结果等。
He went to bed , cold and hungry.
4.形容词作做宾补
结构：主语+谓语+宾语+形容词（作宾补）
Running in the morning makes him strong.
We think the film really interesting.
Who has left the door open?
I found her asleep on the grass.
1)请保持教室清洁。
2）我觉得这个故事很有趣。
3）她说的话让我很高兴。
二．副词
1．副词的分类
方式副词：well，fast，slowly，carefully，quickly
程度副词：very，much，enough，almost，rather，quite
地点副词：here，there，out，somewhere，abroad，home，
时间副词：today，early，soon，now，then，recently，still
频度副词：always，often，usually，sometimes，seldom，never
否定副词：no，not，neither，nor，
疑问副词：where，how，why
其他：also，too，only
2．副词的基本用法：
副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词以及全句话的词类，表示时间、地点、程度、方式等概念。
例如：We should listen to our teachers carefully.
He is very happy today.
“What happened？”I asked，rather angrily.
In spring，I can see flowers everywhere.
3．常见副词用法辨析
①very，much和very much.的区别
very用于修饰形容词或副词的原级；much用于修饰形容词或副词的比较级；
修饰动词要用very much.
例如，John is very honest.
This garden is much bigger than that one.
Thank you very much.
②so与such的区别
so修饰形容词或副词;such修饰名词，
例如，My brother runs so fast that I can’t follow him.
He is such a boy.
so修饰的形容词后可以有一个单数的可数名词，其结构是“so+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数”.
such可以修饰可数名词单复数和不可数名词，名词前可以有形容词作定语，其结构是“such+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数”，“such+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词”，
.例如，He is so clever a boy.=He is such a clever boy.他是一个如此聪明的孩子。
It is such cold weather.这么冷的天气。(正)
It is so cold weather.(误)
They are such good students.他们是那么好的学生。(正)
They are so good students. (误)
三．形容词、副词比较级和最高级的构成
1.比较级和最高级的规则变化：
2. 不规则变化:
四．形容词比较级和最高级的用法
1. 原级比较
用于两者之间对比，意思为“……和……相同”
Tom is as honest as Jack.
Her skin is as white as snow.
My dog is as old as that one.
He is not as (=so) tall as I.
The weather here is not as(=so)cool as the weather in Harbin.
总结句型：
2. 比较级的用法:
1）A+形容词比较级+than+ B
Susan is happier than Jane.
His brother is younger than me.
Beijing is more beautiful than Osaka.
形容词比较级前还可以用much, even, still, a little，far, a lot, a bit, much more来修饰。
2）比较级+and+比较级，表示“越来越……”
The earth is getting warmer and warmer.
China becomes more and more stronger.
3）the +比较级，the +比较级结构，表示“越……就越……”
The more I study it, the more I like it.
4）which/who +is +比较级
Which city is bigger, Beijing or Tianjin?
Who is happier, you or me?
3. 最高级用法：
用于三者及以上的人或事物的比较,最高级前加the，最高级前有物主代词，序数词和名词所有格时，不加定冠词，后面跟带in或of表范围的短语。
1）one of the +最高级
Shanghai is one of the most beautiful cities in China.
Our city is one of the safest cities in the world.
It is our nearest neighbor in space.
2）最高级意义的表达方法:
形容词最高级的意义还可以用比较级形式表达。常见的有：
①形容词比较级+than any other+单数名词。
如：This is more difficult than any other book here.(=This is the most difficult book of all.)
She is better than any other student in her class.
②容词比较级+than the other+复数名词。
如：Asia is bigger than the other continents on the earth.亚洲是地球上最大的洲。
3）形容词最高级前可用序数词限定，共同修饰后面的名词，其结构为：“the+序数词+形容词最高级+名词”。
如：Hainan is the second largest island in China. 海南是中国的第二大岛。
五．副词比较级和最高级的用法
1. 副词原级比较
1）as+副词原级+as
Tom runs as fast as Jones.
not as/so+副词原级+as
He didn’t come as/so early as Li Lei.
2. 比较级的用法：
1）比较级+than。
Lily run faster than Mary.
2）比较级+and +比较级
He studies better and better.
3）the more…the more…
The harder you work, the better you will learn.
3. 最高级的用法：
副词最高级前一般有the，也可省略。
He works (the) hardest of all the students in the class.
He runs fastest in our class.
It's true that he speak English most fluently in our class.
形容词副词练习
一．填空
usual _________________(不寻常的)
fit _________________ (不适合的)
certain ________________(不确定的)
willing ________________(不愿意的)
aim ___________________(无目标的)
wind ___________________(多风的)
peace ___________________(和平的)
fun ______________________(有趣的)
health ____________________(健康的)
hope_____________________（有希望的）___________________ (绝望的) anger______________________(生气的)
cheer ______________________(高兴的)
use ______________________（有用的）___________________ (无用的) east _______________________(东方的)
humor_______________________(幽默的)
tradition______________________(传统的)
south ________________________(南方的)
nerve_________________________(紧张的)
nature_________________________(自然的)
person ________________________(个人的)
self ________________________(自私的)
Australia _____________________ (澳大利亚的)
Canada ______________________ (加拿大的)
love ___________________________(可爱的)
America ______________________ (美国的)
Russia_________________________ (俄罗斯的)
Britain__________________________(英国的)
week_______________________（每周的）
month_____________________（每月的）
surprise___________________（感到惊讶的）____________________（令人惊讶的）bore _____________________（感到厌烦的）____________________（令人厌烦的）excite_____________________（感到兴奋的）___________________（令人兴奋的）interest____________________（感兴趣的）_____________________（有趣的）tire _____________________（疲倦的）_____________________（令人疲倦的）suit_____________________（适合的）
value_____________________（有价值的）
admire_____________________（令人钦佩的）
enjoy_____________________（令人愉快的）
believe _____________________（难以置信的）
terror _____________________（可怕的）
horror_____________________（令人恐怖的）
cheerful_____________________（愉快地）
slight_____________________（轻轻地）
simple_____________________（简单地）
possible _____________________（可能地）
excited _____________________（兴奋地）
recent ______________________（近来）
二．用括号内适当的词填空
1. It is_______ (danger) for children to swim alone in the river.
2. Robots can do a lot of things. They are ______. (help)
3. Lucy looks ______ (fun) in Mum’s shoes.
4._______ (freeze) food is convenient to cook so it’s a craze in supermarket.
5. Quite a few _____ (wood) houses have been built for the tourists around the lake.
6. On a ________ (clearly) night, you can see thousands of stars in the sky.
7. When I looked out of the window, it was snowing _______ (heavy)
8. I got up late yesterday, but ________, (lucky) I managed to go to school in time.
9. The computer can ______ (easy) work out the problem in no time.
10. The man was _______ (serious) ill so we took him to hospital at once.
11. After flying in the storm for nearly one hour, the helicopter landed _______ (safe) at last.
12. When you heat the ice, it turns into water _______ (quick)
13. The sun shines _______ (bright) in summer.
14. The street is _______ (crowd) with people on Christmas Day.
15. Our teacher was _________ (please) with my answer to the question.
16. The students got poor marks this time, so their teacher told them to be __________ (care) next time.
17. Thank you very much for your __________ (kind).
18. The ___________ (young) of the two ladies is our English teacher.
19. Chaplin was one of (famous) __________ (act) in the world.
20. Mary used to be a __________ (wait) of this restaurant.
21. We are _________ (real) happy that your family have come.
22. Mr. Smith was _________ (true) sorry about that.
22. I have got an _________ (invite) to his family party.
23. Could you catch the __________ (mean) of this word?
24. Ice is a kind of _________ (freeze) water. It is very cold.
25. We feel _______ for living _________ (happy).
26. Anybody can see the____________ (important) of good health.
27. I am______________ (worry) about my father because he is in hospital.
28. The white sport shoes are_______________ (expensive) than the blue ones.
29. Most of the animals have four______________(foot).
30. I was much_____________ (surprise) at the news.
31. Your pen is here, where is_____________ (me).
32. October1, 1949 was the _____________ (begin) of a new age.
33. I will work as a doctor two months______________(late).
34. Who was the____________ (drive) of the taxi?
35. The book is____________ (use) to me.
36. You look____________ (health) than before.
37. It gives me much___________ (please) to be with you.
38. Because of the_____________ (snow) weather, a lot of traffic accidents have
happened
39. The weather report says it will be__________ (sun) tomorrow.
40. We must look after__________ (we) and keep__________ (health).
41. Madame Curie was a famous___________ (science).
42. He is always______________ (friend) to his neighbors.
43. When he heard the news, he got very ___________ (angrily).
44. We set up this _____________ (automatically) system in 1996.
45. The boy has read ten books this week. He still wants to read _____________
(many).
46. The woman is fat, but her sister is even ___________ (fat).
47. I found math is very difficult and I’ve lost_____________ (interesting) in it.
48. How___________ (worry) he looks! What’s the matter with him?
49. Football is________ (excite). Everyone is_________ (excite) when he is
watching a football match.
50. For a few seconds the little girl said nothing, but then she ran to her mother and said _________（angry）, “Why do you let her go about without shoes and socks on when you don’t let me?”
51. The weather in the North Pole is very___________(change).
52. Making paper is one of the four great ___________ (invent) of the ancient
Chinese people.
53. What a __________ (love) day it is!
54. English is _______________ (wide) used in the world. It’s very useful.
55. Look! She is running _______________ and _______________ (fast).
56. The Beijing library is one of _______________ (big) _______________ (library) in China.
57. The _________ (busy) he is, the _________ (happy) he feels.
58. The Yellow River is the second _________ (long) river in China.
59. He has _________ (a few) friends. He always stay at home.
60. How _________ (good) she is dancing!
61. People shouted ___________ (exciting) when the famous football player walked
onto the field.
61. In the exam, the __________ (careful) you are, the _________ (few) mistakes you
will make.
62. They have ______________ (important something, something important) to tell us.
63. Computers can work out problems far _______________ than human beings. (quick)
64. Now more and more ___________ are coming to visit China from other countries.(visit)
65. We are going to have a ___________ about this problem.(discuss)
66. It’s ______ (polite) to laugh at others.
67. I’m so ______ (hunger). Please give me three pieces of bread to eat
68. "This is ______ (exact) what I want," says Sander.
69. This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their _______________ (nature) course
70. His teacher took a deep drink, smiled _______________ (warm), and thanked his student very much for the sweet water.
71. He was pretending that a tiger toy was real and giving it a voice. He must be _______________ (mental) disabled.
72. In the morning and in the evening when people go to or come from work, the streets are very busy. Traffic is most __________（danger）then.
73.If tourism create too much traffic, the inhabitants will become________（annoy）and unhappy.
74.Most newspapers__________（regular）print letters from readers with problems.
三．语法填空
The population of Hong Kong is more than six million. All kinds of clothes, computers, radios, televisions are made in Hong Kong. It is a shopping center. You can buy ___________ (variety) things there. Hong Kong is also a ___________ (beauty) city. It’s a good place for traveling. People from all over the world visit Hong Kong ___________ (year). You can watch horse-racing and motor-racing there. When you are hot and ___________ （tire）, you may rest in the small cool gardens. There are also a lot of tall buildings with nice rooms for ______________(visit) to live in ___________ (comfort) . If you enjoy _______________(eat) out, you can _______________ (easy) find a good place for delicious food. Foods of ___________ (difference) flavors(风味) are served in Hong Kong.
Steve Jones is an ______________(environment) expert who tries to keep animals and plants from becoming extinct. If we know more about what causes extinction, we may be able to take action _______________（immediate）before it is too late. A species can become ________________（endanger）for different reasons. Animals and plants must have a habitat or home, which is _______________（comfort）and clean, and where there is enough food and other ________________（nature）resources. They are all used to their environment; that is, they have learnt how to live _________________（success）in their habitat.
21.【2019 ?湖南省湘西州】—Do you know that China is one of countries in the world?—Yes，I do. It's much _______ than the US. A. the oldest；older B. old；older C. older；older 22.【2019 ?岳阳市】Tina is as ________ as her sister Tara. A. outgoing B. more outgoing C. the most outgoing 23.【2019 ?镇江市】Because of the flood, there are _________ tourists in that ancient town this year than last year. A. more B. most C. fewer D. fewest 24.【2019 ?甘肃省天水市】—What do you think of the environment in your hometown？ —It's Both the air and the water are badly polluted． A．not bad B．as good as before C．much better than before D．not as good as before 25.【2019 ?广西贵港市】—Frank has changed a lot，hasn't he？ —Yes．He is much ______________ because he exercises every day． A．strong B．stronger C．strongest D．the strongest 26.【2019 ?广西河池市】Linda is ___ of the three girls, but she is the tallest. A．young B．Younger C．youngest D．the youngest 27.【2019 ?广西柳州市】Peter studies ______________ of all the students in his class. A. hard B. harder C. hardest 28.【2019 ?贵州黔南州、黔西南、黔东南】Does the dish taste as as it looks？A．well B．best C．good D．better 29.【2019 ?海南省】Shanghai has a ______ population than that in many other cities．A．large B．larger C．largest 30.【2019 ?湖北省黄石市】—Do you know Hong Kong - Zhuhai - Macao Bridge（港珠澳大桥）?—Yes，it is ____ cross-sea bridge in the world. A. the longer B. longest C. the longest D. longer 31.【2019 ?湖南省邵阳市】—Shaoyang has changed a lot in the past few years． —Yes．It is getting_________． A．clean B．cleaner C．cleanest
1.什么是形容词 ?形容词是用来修饰或描述名词（或代词），表示人或事物的性质、状态和特征的词。 ?如：Li Lei is a good student. ?李磊是一名好学生。 （形容词good修饰名词student） ?China is a great country. ?中国是一个了不起的国家。 （形容词great修饰名词country） ?The coat is black. ?那件上衣是黑色的。（形容词black表示coat的特征. 2.形容词的位置 ?（1）形容词通常用于名词的前面。 ?She is a famous actress. 她是位有名的演员。 ?He is a warm-hearted man. 他是一个热心的人。 ?（2）形容词用在系动词后作表语。 ?Monkey is smart. 猴子很机灵。 ?It’s hot in summer. 夏季，天很热。 ?Y ou look fine. 你们看上去很好。 3.形容词的反义词 beautiful --ugly （美丽，丑陋）thick---thin (厚薄) big---small 大小quick---slow 快慢 old---new 旧新luck---unluck 幸运，不幸运 good---bad 好坏wild---strict 广阔的，狭小的 start-stop 开始，结束hot---cold 冷热 up-down 上下left-right 左右 black-white 黑白important---unimportant 重要，不重要 comfortable---uncomfortable 舒适，不舒适sure---unsure 确信，不确定 thin-fat 瘦胖long-short 长短 many---little 多少much---few 多少 clever---foolish 聪明蠢easy----difficult 容易难 smooth---rough 光滑粗糙friendly----unfriendly 友好，不友好 4.什么是副词 ?副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或全句的词，表示时间、地点、程度、状态等。如： ?(1)The wind is blowing strongly.风刮的很大。 ?（副词strongly修饰动词blow,表示程度） ?（2）I can see clearly.我能看的清。 ?（副词clearly修饰动词see） ?(3)It is very late.天很晚了。 ?（副词very修饰形容词late） ?(4)Y ou speak too quickly.你说的太快（副词修饰副词） ?（副词too修饰副词quickly） 5.副词的种类
形容词和副词 一、形容词 形容词修饰名词/不定代词，说明事物或人的性质或特征。一般放所修饰名词前作定语，也可独立作表语/宾补等 1、作定语：① this is an interesting story. 2、作表语：① YaO Ming is Very tall. 3、作宾补：① don't make your hands dirty.② kitty is a CIeVer cat. ② our CIaSSroom is big and bright. ② we're tryi ng to make our school beautiful. 可将形容词分成性质形容词+叙述形容词，不一定都放在名词前面 1、直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词是性质形容词，它有级的变化，可以用程度副词修饰，在句 中可作定语、表语和补语。例如：hot热的。 2、叙述形容词只能作表语，所以又称为表语形容词。这类形容词没有级的变化，也不可用程度副词 修饰。大多数以a开头的形容词都属于这一类。例如：afraid害怕的。 （错）He is an ill man. （对）The man is ill. （错）She is an afraid girl. （对）The girl is afraid. 这类词还well， Unwell ， ill，faint，afraid ， alike，alive，alone ，asleep，awake 3）形容词作定语修饰名词时，要放在名词的前边。但是如果形容词修饰以-thi ng为字尾的词语时，要放在这些词后。例如：SOmething nice 二、以-ly结尾的形容词 1、大部分形容词加-ly 可构成副词。但 friendly ，deadly , lovely , lonely ，likely , lively，ugly，brotherly ，仍为形容词。 改错：（错） She Sang lovely. （错） He spoke to me Very friendly. （对） Her Si ngi ng WaS lovely. （对） He spoke to me in a Very frie ndly way. 2、有些以-ly 结尾既为形容词，也为副词。daily，WeekIy，monthly ，yearly，early ① The TimeS is a daily paper. ② The TimeS is PUbIiShed daily. 三、用形容词表示类别和整体 1、某些形容词加上定冠词可泛指一类人，谓语用复数。女口： the dead ，the living ，the rich ，the poor ， the blind ，the hungry 。------ The poor are losing hope. 2、有关国家和民族的形容词加上定冠词指这个民族的整体，与动词复数连用。the BritiSh，the English，the FrenCh ，the Chinese. -------- The English have wonderful SenSe of humor. 四、多个形容词修饰名词的顺序 多个形容词修饰名词时，顺序：限定词 --数词--描绘词--（大小，长短，形状，新旧，颜色）--出处--
形容词比较级 一，用所给词的正确形式填空。 1, I am a little ( tall ) than you. 2, Tom is ( cool ) than Jack. 3, The Great Wall is ( old ) than the Guangzhou Tower. 4, My brother is ( old ) than me. 5, This girl is ( nice ) than that one. 6, It is much ( safe ) to stay at home than to go out at night. 7, Lily is ( thin ) than her classmates. 8, Zeng Zhiwei is ( fat ) than Wang Zulan. 9,This question is ( easy ) than that one. 10, This question is ( difficult ) than that one. 11, Fan Bingbing is ( famous ) than Yangmi. 12, Some day, my hometown will become ( beautiful). 13, I think today is ( tired ) than yesterday. 14, This book is ( interesting ) than that one. 15, Staying in bed is ( boring ) than going to school. 16, Jacky Chan is ( popular ) than Wang Baoqiang. 17, Nothing is ( enjoyable ) than playing basketball. 18, The yellow bag is the ( expensive ) of the two bags. 19, Listening to music is ( relaxing ) than playing computer. 20, Playing football is ( dangerous ) than playing table tennis. 21, Which one is ( exciting ), dog or cat? 22, My pocket money is much ( much ) than yours. 23, He felt bad yesterday. But now he feels a lot ( good ). 24, I am ( bad ) at English than my brother. 25, ① I have got ( little ) money than you. ② I have got ( few) apple than you. 26, My house is ( far ) than yours. 27, Which do you like ( good ), Chen Yixun or TFBOYS? 28, Maomin is not so ( busy ) as Shanghai. 29, I have got money as ( much) as you. 形容词（adj.）和副词(adv.) 一，作用和位置 （1）“形容词”常用来修饰，放在名词的或者be
形容词和副词 单句改错 1.Instead, he hopes that his business will grow better. 2.They were also the best and worse years in my life. 3.At one time, I even felt my parents couldn’t understand me so I hoped I could be freely from them. 4.The dishes that I cooked were Mom’s favoritest. 5.Mom was grateful and moving. 6.Lots of studies have shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem. 7.He liked it so very much that he quickly walked into the shop. 8.Dad and I were terrible worried. 9.My mum makes the better biscuits in the world, so I decided to ask her for help. 10.On the left-hand side of the class, I could easy see the football field. 11.Nearly five years before, and with the help of our father, my sister and planted some cherry tomatoes(圣女果) in our back garden. 12.The fruits are small in size, but juicy and taste. 13.We are growing wonderfully tomatoes at no cost! 14.So really friendship should be able to stand all sorts of tests. 15.I had noticed that the carriage was noise and filled with people. 16.No one in the carriage had previous spoken to or even noticed the ticket-owner before. 17.That is too much for us, considering how closely the houses are. 18.My uncles immediate jumped up and shot their arrows at the bird. 单句填空 1.The title will be ________ (official) given to me at ceremony in London. 2.If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify(识别) those of ________ (great ) and less important. 3.Recent studies show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks ________(regular). 4.Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which _______(gradual) turned into chopsticks. 5.Chinese scientist’s ________ (recent) had a chance to study a wild female panda with a newborn baby. 6.She was a very ________(care) mother. 7.The young man is honest, cooperative, always there when you need his help. In short, he’s ________(rely) 8.I have always enjoyed all the events you organized and I hope to attend _______(many) in the coming years. 9. A few hours ________, I’d been at home in Hong Kong, with its choking smog. 10.Abercrombie& Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it _______(regular) arranges quick getaways here for people living in Shanghai and Hong Kong. 11.Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat ________(slow) during cool nights, thus warming the house. 12.It was _______(considerately) of Michael to inform us of his delay in case we got worried. 13.They gave money the old people’s home either________(personal) or through their companies. 14.Little Tom sat _______(amaze) watching the monkey dancing in front of him. https://www.doczj.com/doc/7b6868294.html,st year was the warmest year on record. 16.While there are ________(amaze) stories of instant transformation. 17.Just be ________(patience). 18.…some of them looked very anxious and ________ (disappoint). 19.Everyone on the bus began talking about what the boy had done, and the crowd of strangers ________(sudden) became friendly to one another. 20.Bend your knees slightly and reach out your arms like tree branches, naturally and ________(soft). 21.My legs become ________(pain). 22.The ________(hard) you try to beat him, the more likely you will get hit. 23.She was _________ (surprise) helpful. 24.Raymond’s parents wanted him to have the ________(good) possible education. 25.Instead of blaming the child who had broken the vase, she gave him a (tolerance) smile and let him go. 26.It’s our hope that we will play a greater role in the market place and, ________, supply more jobs. 27.Club sports are less time-consuming than other athletic items, and you can __________ (easy) miss a practice or even a competition if your academic or work commitments are particularly demanding at a certain point. 28.He was very good-looking, with a very pleasant, sociable manner, and after the introductions, conversation flowed most ______(enjoy) in the little group. 29.Bingley was clearly most interested in Jane Bennet, and started talking particularly to her. Darcy, _______, was just determining not to look at Elizabeth, when he suddenly noticed the stranger. 30.Of all living things, human being are the _______(clever). 31.There are _________(amaze) things in the world. 32.It seems that she is _______(thin) than before. 33.Practice some ________(relax) techniques before you go into a social situation. 34._______(curious), I gave him my full attention. 35.There are _________(absolute) no trees anywhere, just low bushes and yellow and brown grass, 36.I’m really _________(surprise) too. 37.The _________(easy) of all ways is to spend less. 38.One day, the egg hatched and a beautiful eagle was born. Sadly, _______, the eagle was raised to be a chicken. 39._________(obvious), I was doing very badly. 40.A beginner’s wall is usually 15 feet ________ (height). 41.Chopsticks originated in China, but they are _______(wide) used in many Asian countries. Exercise 1 语法填空 Over the years I've been teaching kids about a simple but ___1___(power)concept—the ant philosophy(哲学). They have an __2__(amaze)four-part philosophy. First, ants never quit. They'll climb over, they'll climb under, or they'll climb around. They never quit __3__ (look) for another way. What a neat(了不起的) philosophy it is to never looking for a way to get to where __4__you’re supposed to go! Second, ants think about winter and summer. That’s an important attitude. People __5__ have a little experience are clear that summer will not last forever. So ants are gathering in their winter food
本代主要介绍形容词和副词的用法,包含形容词的语法功能,形容词的比较等级,副词 的分类,副词的语法功能等内容后面带有练习题内容很多,知识点也比较齐全 一、概述 形容词和副词都是起修饰作用的词类，两者的区别之一就在于它们所修饰的对象不同。形容词主要用来说明或修饰名词或代词，描述名词或代词所代表人或事物的性质，增加或补充其含意，从而限制或缩小其适用范围。副词的主要功能是修饰动词，形容词或其它副词有时也可以修饰全句。 Boris has brains. In fact,I doubt whether any one in the class has a higher IQ. 保利斯有头脑。事实上，我怀疑班上是否有人比他智商高。（形容词修饰名词） 二、形容词 1、形容词的定义 形容词用来修饰和形容名词，表示名词的属性，补充说明它的意思。 a big house 一幢大房子a new bicycle一辆新自行车 2、形容词的语法功能 形容词修饰名词或不定代词，表示人或事物的性质、特征或状态，在句子中主要用作定语、表语、补足语、状语等。 （1）作定语 ①前置定语 a.形容词作定语一般需放在它所修饰的名词之前并尽量靠近被修饰的词。在这种位置上的定语叫前置定语。语序一般为“冠词（或其他限定词）+形容词+名词”。 He is an honest boy.他是个诚实的孩子。 b.若有多个形容修饰名词，它们的位置要由它们与被修饰词的密切程度来决定。关系最密切的形容词靠近被修饰词，而关系较远的离被修饰词则相对较远。其排列顺序通常是：限定词＋描绘性形容词＋颜色＋国籍、地区＋用途、类别＋名词。 the happy and healthy children幸福而健康的孩子们 -It was great. We vis it ed some friends, and spent the last few sunny days at the seaside. 很好。我们拜访了朋友，在海边度过最后几天阳光明媚的日子。 巧记形容词的排列顺序： “县官行令谢国材”帮你掌握英语里形容词的排列次序。 “县”(限)代表限定词，包括：冠词、指示代词、形容词性物主代词、名词所有格、数词等。“官”（观）代表表示观点的描绘性形容词。 “行”(形)代表表示大小、长短、高低及形状的形容词。 “令”（龄）代表表示年龄、新、旧的形容词。 “谢”（“色”的近似音）代表表示颜色的形容词等。 “国”代表表示国籍、地区、出处的形容词(名词)等。 “材”则代表形成中心名词的材料的形容词，stone,wooden，silk，plastic等。
第三单元形容词和副词 知识梳理 A. 考点要义有关形容词和副词的内容较多，本章节只涉及在运用形容词和副词时应注 意的问题，而因为形容词的比较极与副词的比较相近，所以把两者合并起来总结。 B. 模块构建 模块一形容词的位置及用法 1．如形容词修饰由some--, any--, no--, every—与one, body, thing(where)等构成的复合不定代词（副词）时应位于其后 2．少数以a—开头的表语形容词（如alike, alive, asleep, afraid, aware, alone, ashamed, awake, ahead…）,以—able, --ible结尾的形容词（如acceptable, available, possible, suitable…）以及absent, present, concerned, involved 这四个词，通常位于其后。3．当几个并列的形容词同时修饰一个名词时，一般采用评价，描述性形容词先于事实性形容词的办法。一般的排列顺序为：数量—好坏—大小—形状—新旧（年龄）—颜色—产地—材料—用途—名词 4．大部分形容词既可作定语也可作表语，但以下形容词只能作表语：上面所罗列的以a—开头的形容词再加上content, glad, ill, poorly, unable, unwell, well. 以下形容词只能作定语：little, weekly, outer, live, inner, latter, golden, right, daily, elder, spare, major, former, minor, sorry,等。 5．大多数以—ly结尾的词是副词，但是有些以—ly结尾的副词也同时是形容词：daily, monthly, deadly, nightly, early, quarterly, kindly, weekly, likely, yearly, lowly 6. 以—ly结尾的不是副词而是形容词的有：brotherly, manly, cowardly, motherly, deathly, silly, friendly, soldierly, lively, ugly, lonely, womanly, lovely 7. 有些形容词既可作形容词也可作副词，使用时要根据它在句中的作用来判断，常见 的词有：clean, late, clear, long, close, low, deep, much, direct, near, enough, quick, far, slow, fast, straight, firm, tight, hard, wide, high, wrong. 模块二副词的位置和用法 1．多数副词位于动词之后，如有宾语则位于宾语之后，但如宾语太长时也可置于宾语之前。有些方式副词well, badly, hard等只能放在句尾。 2．副词的排列顺序为：（1）时间，地点副词，小单位的在前，大单位的在后。（2）方式副词，短的在前，长的在后，并用and或but 等连词连接。（3）多个不同副词排列为：程度+地点+方式+时间副词 3．副词very可以修饰形容词，但不能修饰动词。副词enough要放在形容词的后面，形容词enough放在名词的前后都可。 模块三形容词和副词的比较级和最高级 1．对于形容词和副词的构词法，特别是一些不规则变化的形容词和副词，同学们应该牢记在心，这里不再一一列举。 2．形容词和副词的原级比较有以下三种形式：as…..as / not so ( as) …as…. / no…as…as, 在应用的时候应注意此结构中的第二个as系连词，它后面应是一个从句，但在实际使用中常用它的省略式。如这一省略式是一个代词，这一代词应该用主格形式，但在口语中也可用宾格。 3．在形容词和副词的原级比较中可加入一些表示程度，倍数的词，表示强调。这些词有just, almost, quite, nearly, ….times等。 4．形容词和副词的比较级也有以下三种形式：比较级+than+…. / more + 原级+than /
易成教育个性化辅导讲义 教师姓名瞿芳学科英语上课时间讲义序号学生姓名年级组长签字日期课题名称十大词性之形容词和副词（2） 教学目标1.掌握形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的用法 2.副词的位置和语法功能（2） 教学重点 难点 特殊比较结构和副词分类 课前检查作业完成情况：优□良□中□差□建议__________________________________________ 教学过程形容词、副词的比较级 1、一般单、双音节词直接加-er-est。 2、不规则变化： good/well-better-best bad/ill-worse-worst little-less-least far-farther/further-farthest/furthest. 3、没有比较级的形容词和副词。 （1）表“极限”意义和绝对概念的形容词或副词。例：absolutely, dead, relative等（2）表带有“最”或“唯一”的形容词。如：favorite, only, unique等 比较级的修饰词： 1、表程度的副词可用于修饰形容词、副词的比较级 例：The patient felt a bit better today.病人今天感觉好多了。 类似的词有：much, a lot, a little, far, a great deal, by far, even 等 常用比较级的句式： 1、A+be+比较级+than+B 例：The voyage is more exciting than the last. 2、the+比较级……，the+比较级 例：The farther you go into the cave, the more you’ll find. 3、比较级and比较级表“越来越”…… 例：With a better understanding of science, they got more and more knowledge. 4、no+比较级+than和not +比较级+than （1）no more than和not more than区分 He is no more than 1 meter [only 仅仅] He is not more than 1 meter [ 不超过1米] Your idea is no better than his.[ 你的想法和他的一样糟] Your idea is not better than his.[你的想法没有他的好] 5、by far 构成的基本句式： 基本结构：by far the 和the very +最高级 例：This is by far the best.这最好不过了。 He is the very best we have ever had.他是我们拥有的最好的球员。 6、最高级结构句式： （1）the+最高级+名+介词
一．只做后置定语的形容词 There was _____ Lamin’s feeling that Lee knew everything. a. something nice about b. nice about something c. something about nice d. nice something about 1. -body, -one, -thing, -where I’d like to read something interesting. Are you going anywhere particular? 2. a- 3. -able, -ible I doubt whether we can complete our contract in the time available. There were no tickets available for Friday’s performance. 4. 短暂性特征 The doctor concerned is on holiday. The concerned doctor rang for an ambulance. The girl responsible was fired. Janet is a responsible girl. 5. 头衔或固定词组 二．顺序 He bought a _____ bowl from the antique shop. a. rosewood small round b. small rosewood round c. round small rosewood d. small round rosewood 1. 限定词前的形容词：all, both, such, double, many, what等 2. 限定词 3. 序数词 4. 基数词 5. 性质或状态 6. 大小、长短、形状 7. 年龄 8. 颜色 9. 国籍、地区、出处 10. 材料 11. 用途、类别 12. 名词 There was nothing in the room except an ugly old brown wooden table. All those pretty little girls are from the United States. Do you know the name of that funny little red mosquito-like insect? a charming small round old brown French oak writing desk
形容词和副词 一、形容词 高考分析：考查的重点是形容词的比较级和最高级，以及形容词的句法作用（修饰名词时误用副词，作表语时该用形容词时误用名词等）。 （一）、形容词的句法作用:形容词在句中重要作定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语。 1.作定语 ①Their heart-broken mother receives news about all her dead sons on the same day. 改错：Lots of studies have shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem. （2012全国卷改）2．作表语 ①I was glad to hear you’re alive and well. 改错：whenever I think of the old days, I feel very happily. _______ 3. 作宾语补足语 ①I thought I had made it very clear. ②-------what a nice fire you have in your fireplace! --------During the winter I like my house_______ A . warmly and comfortably B. warm and comfortable C. warm and comfortably D. warmly and comfortable （2005上海） 4. 作状语:形容词作状语常用来表示主语的状态、性质、特征等；可位于句首或句 末。 ①The survivors lay on the beach, exhausted and shocked. ②After the long journey, the three of them went back home,________. A . hungry and tiredly B. hungry and tired C .hungrily and tiredly D. hungrily and tired (2008北京) （二）、形容词作定语的位置 1.多个形容词作前置定语时的排序：限定描绘大长高，形状年龄与新老, 颜色国 籍出材料，作用类别往后靠 （综括性限定词（all both/all no/分数/倍数/百分数）+ 限定性形容词（指示代 词/形容词性物主代词/名词所有格/冠词）+数词（序数词+基数词） ①Both his parents他的父母亲 ②他在科学方面的全部贡献. ③Eighty percent(of)the population 80%的人口 ④2/3的地球表面 ⑤some other countries一些其他国家Three other doctors其他的三个医生 ⑥另外两个新成员. ⑦one such fountain一个这样的喷泉 ⑧第三张褐色圆木桌 注意：若两个或两个以上的颜色形容词修饰同一个名词，须用and连接。
练习形容词和副词 一、单项选择 1. The busier he is, the _______ he feels. A. happily B. happy C. happier D. more happy 2. We all love Miss Yang. She always makes her history class very ________. A. interest B. interests C. interesting D. interested 3. Now telephones are very popular and they are much ______ than before. A. cheap B. cheaper C. cheapest D. the cheapest 4. Chinese people were cheering at the most _______ moment when Liu Xiang broke the world record. A. excited B. to excite C. excite D. exciting 5. – Who is ________ running star in your college? - I think Philip is . A. famous B. more famous C. the most famous D. less famous 6. – I didn’t know which –shirt was _____, so I took them both. A. better B. well C. best D. good 7. Wow! The flowers look beautiful and swell ________. A. comfortable B. bad C. sweet D. terrible 8. –He is slow in studying. I wonder how he could get good results in the exam. - No wonder he is always _______. A. lively B. hard-working C. kind-hearted D. helpful 9. – I am getting _______ each month. I can’t put on my jeans. - I’m afraid you have to take exercise every day. A. heavy B. heavier C. the heavier D. the heaviest 10. Susan is always the best in different exams in our class because she is a _______ girl. A. helpful B. polite C. clearly D. sadly 11. She told us a story. Her voice sounded ________. A. sweet B. small C. clearly D. sadly 12. – No matter where you are, don’t litter things about. - I won’t. A good environment is ________ to us all. A. bright B. modern C. famous D. important 13. His shirt isn’t as ________ as mine. A. dirty B. dirtyer C. dirtier D. more dirty 14. The mother looked _________ because her son hadn’t been back. A. worry B. worried C. to worry D. worrying 15. – This sweater doesn’t suit me. It’s a bit small. - Could you give me ______ one? A. a large B. a larger C. the largest 16. The population of Australia is _______ than that of China. A. fewer B. smaller C. larger D. more 17. – I always listen to the teacher _______ in class. - I t’s very clever of you to do that.