第11讲情态动词
情态动词
这类词本身虽有意义，但不完整。它们表示说话人的能力、说话人的语气或情态，如“可能”、“应当”等。这类动词有can, may, must, need, dare, could, might等。
它们不能单独作谓语，必须与行为动词（原形）一起作谓语，表示完整的意思，
例如：I can dance.（我会跳舞。）can, 能, 会
3.must
1)must表示说话人的主观意志，表示义务、命令或必要、应当和必须等。现在式与过去式同形。如：I must go to school today.
He told me I mustn’t leave until my mother came.
2)must表示推测，“一定是”、“准是”，例如：
They must be very tired. Let them have a rest.
Jack doesn’t look well. He must be ill.
注意：
?have to表示“必须”、“不得不”，它不仅能代替must, 用于现在时和过去时以外的其他时态，表示说话人的主观看法，而且又表示客观上的需要。例如：
?If we miss the last bus, we shall have to walk home.
The ship started to go down slowly. We must leave the ship.
?在回答must的疑问句时，否定回答常用needn’t表示“不必”，例如：
?Must I return this book to you in two weeks?（这本书我两星期以后必须还你吗？）?Yes, you must.（是的。）
?No, you needn’t.（不，不必了。）
4.need
need（需要）既可作情态动词，又可作实义动词。
1) need作情态动词时，只用于否定句或疑问句。例如：
It’s warm today. You needn’t put on your coat.
Need I post your books to you?
2) need作及物动词时：
need sth ∕to do sth ∕doing sth
四．情态动词常见句型
1、Can I help you? ——Yes, please. / No, thanks.
2、Can + 主语+ 动词原形? Yes, ～can. No, ～can’t.
3、Can I borrow your book?----Yes, of course.
4、Can I write on the book? ------No, you can’t\mustn’t.
5、Could \Can you help me?---- Yes, of course.\Certainly.\ Sure.
6、Could \Can you tell me the way to the Zoo?
7、May I come in ?----- Come in, please.
8、May I sit here?----- Yes, please.\Sorry, please don’t.
9、May I have some Coke?---- Yes, of course.
10、May/ Could / Can I speak to Tom? -----Speaking. Who’s calling?
11、should 、shouldn’t 表示劝告：
1) He should get up early.
2) She shouldn’t play computer game too much.
12、Should +主语+动词原形? Yes, ～should.\ No, ～shouldn’t.
13、表示建议“你愿意…吗”
----Would you like to go shopping with me?
-----Yes, I’d love to. /I’d love to. But I’m busy now.
14、就餐用语Would you like something to eat\drink? ----Yes, I’d like…
15、shall用于第一人称(I, we), 可以表示“将”和表示建议“……好吗?”
1) Where shall we have dinner?
2) Shall we go fishing? -----All right. \OK. \Good idea.
16、Must + 主语+ 动词原形? ---Yes,～must.\No, ～needn’t.
1.情态动词的种类和主要用法；
2.各个情态动词之间的意义区分；
3.常见的含有情态动词的口语；
4.
（不用添加内容，任课老师根据学生情况自行添加）
适当的情态动词填空:
1. Must I borrow the book with my ID card? No, you ________.
答案：needn’t
2. ________ I use your car? Yes, you ________.
答案：Can, can’t
3. ________ I go home now? No, you _________ stay here.
答案：Can, must
4. My mother is ill. I _________ stay at home and look after her.
答案：should
5. ________ you like some tea?
答案：Would
6. You ________ take more exercise.
答案：should
7. ________ you tell me how to get to the Qingyun Park?
答案：Can
8. The clock ________ tell us the time.
答案：can
9. ________ you like to go fishing with me?
答案：Would
10. ________ we play football this afternoon?
答案：Can
This is Lucy and that is Lily. They are twins. They look 1 . They are 2 . They are new students in 3 class. They are 4 Grade One. Jim can 5 them. They are new 6 . They go to the shop(商店) . They would like something 7 and drink. Lucy would like 8 some bread. Lily would like 9 a bottle of 10 . Jim would like some apples.
( )1.A. a same B. the same C. same D. an same
答案与解析：B 固定词组look the same意为“看起来很像”。
( )2.A. twin B. sisters C. brothers D. American
答案与解析：B Lucy和Lily为女孩名又是双胞胎，所以她们应是姐妹关系。
( )3.A. Jim B. of Jim C. Jim’s D. of J im’s
答案与解析：C 名词加“s”表示有生命的东西的名词所有格。
( )4.A. on B. at C. in D. of
答案与解析：C 表示在哪个年级，班级用介词in.
( )5.A. look like B. look after C. look at D. look
答案与解析：B look after意为“照顾，照看”，look like意为“看起来像”,look at意为“看……”look意为“看”。
( )6.A. teachers B. student C. friends D. boys
答案与解析：C 本句是说Jim和双胞胎两个是好朋友。
( )7.A. eat B. to eat C. eating D. eats
答案与解析：B something to eat意为“一些吃的东西。”something to drink表示“一些喝的东西”，两者均为不定式作定语时放在所修饰词的后面。
( )8.A. eat B. to eat C. eating D. eats
答案与解析：B would like后面接不定式，即：would like to do sth.意为“想要干某事。”( )9.A. to drink B. to eat C. to give D. drink
答案与解析：A eat表示“吃”，drink表示“喝”。
( )10.A. orange B. an orange C. oranges D. some orange
答案与解析：A 瓶子装的应是桔汁而不是桔子。orange作“桔汁”讲时，为不可数名词，前面不可用不定冠词修饰，也不能加s.
It’s a fine day today. Jim’s families 1 having a picnic(野餐) .They put a big cloth (布)on the ground(地面). 2 it are some yellow bananas, red apples, 3 and some white eggs. The woman in the white trousers 4 Mrs Green. She is thirty-five . She is 5 English teacher in No. 12 Middle School. The man is 6 father. He is forty. His shirt is black and his trousers 7 yellow. He is a teacher, too. They have a black car, but you can’t see8 in the picture. 9 that boy? That’s Jim. He is drinking(喝水).His shirt is green. The girl 10 him is his sister, Kate. 11 is in a red dress today. Can
you see the bag? Yes, it’s behind their father. What a nice picture12 .
( )1.A. is B. are C. isn’t D. aren’t
答案与解析：B family如果指一个家庭里的成员时，后面的动词要用复数形式。
( )2.A. In B. Near C. On D. Under
答案与解析：C on it 指代on the big cloth.
( )3.A.oranges oranges B.orange oranges
C.orange orange
D. oranges orange
答案与解析：B orange oranges意为“桔色的桔子”前一个orange是形容词指颜色，后一
个orange作名词，意为“桔子。”
( )4.A. is B. are C. in D. am
答案与解析：A 本句主语The woman in the white trousers意为“穿白色的裤子的那位女子”，是单数，所以系动词用is.
( )5.A. a B. the C. an D. x
答案与解析：C an用在发元音音素开头的单词前。
( )6.A. Sam B. Sam’s C. Sams’s D. Sams’
答案与解析：B 表示有生命的东西的名词所有格用单数名词+’s.
( )7.A. are B. be C. is D. have
答案与解析：A trousers 作主语时，谓语动词应用复数。
( )8.A. them B. him C. it D. her
答案与解析：C 此处填it指代上句提到的a black car.
( )9.A. What’s B. Who’s C. Where’s D. How’s
答案与解析：B Who用于问某人的姓名或某人与他人的关系。
( )10.A. back B. behind C. of D. to
答案与解析：B behind是表示方位的介词，意为“在……后面”。
( )11.A. Her B. Hers C. She D. He
答案与解析：C 本空要填作主语的人称代词She 指代The girl.
( )12.A. is it B. it is C. is D. it
答案与解析：B 本句为一个感叹句。感叹句一般由What或How引导。What 用作定语
修饰名词。How用作状语，修饰形容词，副词或动词。另外感叹句中的主谓要用陈述句的
语序。
A
选出正确答案。
1）Lucy should her homework now.
A. finishes
B. finishing
C. finished
D. finish
答案：D
2）My mother would back soon.
A. came
B. comes
C. come
D. will come
答案：C
3）Could you me a hand.
A. giving
B. gives
C. given
D. give
答案：D
4）Should I now.
A. started
B. starting
C. start
D. starts
答案：C
5）I take this one?
A. Could
B. Will
C. Are
D. Do
答案：
6）- Can you speak English?
- No, I .
A. mustn't
B. can't
C. couldn't
D. may not
答案：B
7）You go and see a doctor because you had a fever(发烧).
A. could
B. might
C. should
D. would
答案：C
8）Jim come tonight, but he isn't very sure yet.
A. should
B. might
C. would
D. shall
答案：B
9）The children play football on the road.
A. couldn't
B. could
C. must
D. mustn't
答案：D
10）- Can I take this book out?
- No, you .
A. must not
B. could not
C. will not
D. aren't
答案：A
11）I like to go with you.
A. could
B. would
C. should
D. will
答案：B
12）She is bleeding (流血). She go to hospital quickly.
A. could
B. would
C. should
D. will
答案：C
13）You watch TV after finishing your homework.
A. would
B. can
C. must
D. should
答案：D
14）It is late. I go home now.
A. could
B. would
C. should
D. will
答案：C
15）- What I do at the meeting?
A. has to
B. would like
C. should
D. not should 答案：C
B
按要求改写句子。
1. I can swim fast.
I ________ ________ fast. (否定句)
答案：can’t swim
2. You must return the books now.（一般疑问句）
- ________ I the books now? - No, you ________.
答案：Must, needn’t
3. They could take the books out of the room. （否定句）
They ________ ________ the books out of the room.
答案：couldn’t take
4. He can play basketball well. （一般疑问句）
_______ he ______ basketball well?
答案：Can, play
5. You should get up early. (否定句)
You _______ get up late.
答案：shouldn’t
6. Could I borrow your pen? (肯定否定回答)
答案：Yes, you could./ No, you couln’t.
C
Mr Hu 1 us English this term. He is nice. He 2 wearing a white shirt and black trousers. He 3 very good English . He often 4 with us. We all like him very much.
Mr Hu 5 two little sons. They’re twin brothers. They are only five. They often 6 the same clothes. 7 Betty goes to Mr Hu’s home. She loves to8 the twins and play with 9 . Mr Hu 10 his sons, Bao Bao and Bei Bei.
( )1.A. tells B. teaches C. speaks D. works
答案与解析：B 句型teach sb sth意为“教某人……”
( )2.A. is B. likes C. want D. does
答案与解析：A 此空填is补全现在进行时结构：主语+be+动词ing的形式。
( )3.A. speaks B. says C. tells D. teaches
答案与解析：A 说某种语言用speak.
( )4.A. says B. speaks C. talks D. tells
答案与解析：C talk with sb表示“和某人交谈”。
( )5.A. wants B. has C. looks after D. teaches
答案与解析：B 表示某人有某物，主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词用has.
( )6.A. wear B. put on C. have D. in
答案与解析：A wear = be in表示“穿着”、“戴着”，强调状态。
( )7.A. But B. And C. Then D. Sometimes
答案与解析：D Sometimes意为“有时”，本句意思是贝蒂有时去胡先生的家。
( )8.A. look B. think C. take D. see
答案与解析：D 此处see sb表示看望某人。
( )9.A. twins B. ones C. they D. them
答案与解析：D with为介词后面要用代词的宾格形式。
( )10.A. calls B. name C. thinks D. think
答案与解析：A 此处call表示“称呼、叫”
( B ) 1、You ________ be careful with fire when you have a picnic in the forest. It's too dangerous.
A、will
B、must
C、can
D、may
( C ) 2、----- Tom , don't drive too fast , you _______ hit the others' cars.
----- OK , I won't , Mum.
A、must
B、need
C、may
D、have to
( D ) 3、You gave made the same mistake once again. You _______ be more careful next time.
A、can
B、may
C、had to
D、should
( C ) 4、----- What are you going to eat for supper?
----- I __________ have noodles.
A、need to
B、must
C、may
D、can
( C ) 5、----- May I put my bike here?
----- No, you ________. You should put it over there.
A、chouldn't
B、needn't
C、mustn't
D、won't
( C ) 6、----- ________ you come to my birthday party tomorrow, Robert?
----- I'm afraid not. I have to study for my exam.
A、Must
B、Should
C、Can
D、need
( A ) 7、----- _________ you play golf?
----- No.But I can play table tennis.
A、Can
B、May
C、Must
D、Should
( D )8、----- Jill looks so painful, there ________ be something wrong with her.
----- Oh, dear! We'd better take her to the nearest hospital at once.
A、can
B、should
C、would
D、must
( A ) 9、----- Who is the girl standing over there?
----- Well, if you ________know, her name is Joe.
A、must
B、may
C、
D、
( A ) 10、That tall boy ________ be John. John is medium height.
A、mustn't
B、must
C、can't
D、might
( A ) 11、----- My car was broken down. Could you please give me a ride tomorrow.
----- I'm sorry I _______ . I'm leaving for London tonight.
A、can't
B、mustn't
C、couldn't
D、shouldn't
( A ) 12、----- Shall we go shopping now ?
----- I'm afraid we ________ buy anything. All shops are closed.
A、can't
B、needn't
C、mustn't
D、shouldn't ( B ) 13、----- Must I stay here for hours?
----- No, you ________. You can leave any time.
A、mustn't
B、needn't
C、can't
D、can
( B ) 14、----- May I go surfing alone this afternoon?
----- No, you _______ . It's dangerous.
A、may not
B、can't
C、needn't
D、don't ( A )15、You ________ stop your car when the traffic light is red.
A、must
B、may
C、can
D、might
单项选择。
（）1. you like some milk ?
A. Would
B. Could
C. Can
答案：A
（）2. We pick the flower in the park.
A. can’t
B. don't
C. mustn’t
答案：C
( ) 3.W e should more trees, and we shouldn’t cut any trees.
A. plant
B. planting
C. plants
答案：A
( ) 4.May I have some coffee?
A. Yes, you have.
B. Yes, you can.
C. Yes, certainly. 答案：C
( ) 5.Would you like something to eat?
A. Yes, we would.
B. Yes, I’d like some cakes.
C. Yes, of c ourse. 答案：B
( ) 6. What can I do for you?
A. Yes, you can.
B. No, I can do it.
C. Yes. I’d like some orange s. 答案：C
Jim and Bill are 1 .They are 2 twelve. They are American and they are in the same class 3 their school. 4 Li is 5 English teacher. He is a good 6 . They love 7 very much. They have two good 8 . 9 names are Lucy and Lily. They are 10 .
( )1.A. teachers B. workers C. students D. twin
答案与解析：C 由下文They are twelve，确定他们不可能是teachers, workers,而选项D 没有加s，因此只能选C。
( )2.A. both B. all C. too D. two
答案与解析：A both是“两者都”之意，用于be 动词之后。B项all是三者、三者以上“都”，选项C、D都不合题意。
( )3.A. at B. in C. of D. to
答案与解析：B “在学校”可用at school，但school前有修饰词a或one’s 介词要用in. ( )4.A. Mr B. Mrs C. Miss D. Teacher
答案与解析：A 由下文He确定老师是男性，B项Mrs是“夫人”之意，C项Miss“女士”“小姐”均为女性，选项D为teacher，英语中对老师的称呼用Miss或Mr加姓，不能用汉语直译。
( )5.A. a B. an C. their D. they
答案与解析：C 由上下文判断此处应用物主代词their“他们的”。如：李老师可说Miss Li，Mr Li而不能用Teacher Li.
( )6.A. worker B. teacher C. father D. mother
答案与解析：B 由文中知道He是老师。
( )7.A. her B. his C. he D. him
答案与解析：D him“他”是句子宾语，应用代词的宾格形式，四个选项中只有D为宾格。( )8.A. friends B. students C. brothers D. sisters
答案与解析：A 根据下文可知本句应是他们有两位好朋友。
( )9.A. Their B. Our C. They D. They’re
答案与解析：A “名字叫……”names前要加物主代词their，句首要大写。
( )10.A. all American B. American girl C. America D. American teachers
答案与解析：A 此题用排除法。选项D是美国老师们，而这些孩子是学生不可能是老师，选项C是国家名词“美国”，B项American后面的名词未加s，且四个孩子不都是女孩。只有选项A适合题意，意为“他们都是美国人”。
课程顾问签字： 教学主管签字：
情态动词精品学案 情态动词解读: ①本身有一定的词义，表示说话人的情绪、态度或语气的动词。 ②不能单独作谓语。 ③和其他动词原形构成谓语。 ④谓语动词之前。 ⑤无人称和数的变化。 ⑥否定式构成是在情态动词后面加“not”。 ⑦个别情态动词有现在式和过去式两种形式，过去式可以用来表达更加客气、委婉的语气，时态性不强，可用于过去，现在或 将来。 经典例句： We can be there on time tomorrow. 我们明天能按时去那儿。 May I have your name? 我能知道你的名字吗？ Shall we begin now? 我们现在就开始吗？ How dare you treat us like that! 你怎么敢那样对待我们! We can't carry the heavy box. 我们搬不动那箱子。 情态动词考点： 1.情态动词表示推测。 2.情态动词的基本用法。 3.情态动词的答语。 1 / 17
常见情态动词： 情态动词有can (could), may (might), must, have to, shall (should, will (would), dare (dared), need (needed), ought to等。 情态动词的基本用法： 一、can, could 1) 表示能力（体力、知识、技能）时，等于be able to 。 a)Can you lift this heavy box?（体力） b)Are you able to lift this heavy box? c)Mary can speak three languages.（知识） d)Is Mary able to speak three languages? e)Can you skate?（技能） 此时可用be able to代替。 2) can表示请求和允许。 -----Can I go now? ----- Yes, you can. / No, you can’t. 此时可与may互换。在疑问句中还可用could, might代替，不是过去式，只是语气更委婉，不能用于肯定句和答语中。（特别注明：这是在表示请求和允许的时候。） ---- Could I come to see you tomorrow? ---- Yes, you can. (No, I’m afraid not. ) can't在否定句中可以表示命令，不允许，但是语气比mustn't弱，具有劝慰的意思. 3)can表示“有时会”： A kind person can lose temper sometimes. 4）表示与五种感官和知觉的动词连用。 I can hear/ see you clearly from here. You can imagine how annoyed she was ! 2 / 17
高中英语情态动词精讲与解析 概说 助动词(auxiliary)主要有两类：基本助动词(primary auxiliary)和情态助动词(modal auxiliary)。基本助动词有三个：do, have和be；情态助动词有十三个：may, might; can, could; will, would; shall, should; must, need, dare, used to, ought to. 上述两类助动词的共同特征是，在协助主动词构成限定动词词组时，具有作用词的功能： 1）构成否定式： He didn't go and neither did she. The meeting might not start until 5 o'clock. 2）构成疑问式或附加疑问式： Must you leave right now? You have been learning French for 5 years, haven't you? 3）构成修辞倒装： Nowhere can he obtain any information about his sister. Hardly had he arrived when she started complaining. 4）代替限定动词词组： A: Who can solve this crossword puzzle? B: Tom can. A: Shall I write to him? B: Yes, do. 情态助动词的特征 基本助动词与情态助动词最主要的区别之一是，基本助动词本身没有词义，而情态助动词则有自己的词义，能表示说话人对有关动作或状态的看法，或表示主观设想： What have you been doing since? （构成完成进行体，本身无词义） I am afraid I must be going. （一定要） You may have read some account of the matter. （或许已经） 除此之外，情态助动词还有如下词法和句法特征： 1）除ought和used以外，其他情态动词后面只能接不带to的不定式。如果我们把ought
初中英语情态动词用法详解 【情态动词知识梳理】 情态动词有具体的词义，但也同助动词一样，需要与其他词语一起构成句子的谓语，另外情态动词没有人称和数的变化，情态动词后必须跟动词原形。 考点一：can，may，must等情态动词在陈述句中的用法： 1. can的用法： （1）.表示能力、许可、可能性。表示能力时一般译为―能、会‖，即有种能力，尤其是生来具备的能力，此时may和must均不可代替它。 She can swim fast, but I can’t . 她能游得很快，但我不能。 I can see with my eyes.我用眼睛看。 （2）.表示许可，常在口语中。 You can use my dictionary. 你可以用我的字典。 （3）.表示推测，意为―可能‖，常用于否定句和疑问句中，此时can’t译为―不可能‖。 Can the news be true ? 这个消息会是真的吗？ —Can it be our teacher ? 那个人有可能是我们老师吗？ —No, it can’t be our teacher. He is on a visit to the Great Wall. 不可能。咱们老师正在游览长城呢。 【例题】—I think Miss Gao must be in the library. She said she would go there .—No. She __be there, I have just been there. A. can’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D .wouldn’t 【解析】根据下文―我刚去过那儿‖可知，应为―不可能‖，can’t表示推测[答案] A 2. could的用法： （1）.can的过去式，意为―能、会‖，表示过去的能力。 He could write poems when he was 10. 他十岁时就会写诗。 （2）. could在疑问句中，表示委婉的语气，此时could没有过去式的意思。 Could you do me a favor? 你能帮我个忙吗？ —Could I use your pen? 我能用一下你的钢笔吗?
（一） 情态动词常考点 （一） 表能力 can be able to will be able to could was/ were able to could have + ?? ???? ?? ?????? ?表示现在的能力 ：表示将来的能力 表示过去的能力 过去分词：表示过去有能力做但未做 如：I am starving to death 。I can eat two bowls of rice now 。 （现在的能力）我快饿死了，现在我能吃两碗米饭。 If you have a good sleep ，you will be able to work out this problem 。 （将来的能力）如果你好好睡一觉，你将能够解出这道题。 The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone was able to get out 。 （过去有能力做并且成功的做了某事）尽管这场大火迅速蔓延到了整个宾馆，但是每个人都能够逃出 去。 I could have worked out the problem ，but I didn ’t 。 （过去有能力做但未做）我本来可以解决这个问题，但没有解决。 （二） 表推测（可能性） 1. 可能性可分为客观的可能性和具体事情实际发生的可能性两种。所谓客观的（理论的）可能性即并不涉及具体某事是否会发生，此种用法常常可以说明人或事物的特征。情态动词can 可用于肯定句中表示客观的（理论的）可能性，而表示具体事情实际发生的可能性时，can 一般不用于肯定句。如： Accident can happen on such rainy days 。 这样的多雨天气有可能会发生事故。（客观的可能性） Peter may come with us tonight ，but he isn ’t sure yet 。 彼得今晚可能和我们来，但他还没确定。（实际可能性，不用can ） 2. 表示具体事情实际发生的可能性： （1）表示具体事情实际发生的可能性的层次比较 （2）表示具体事情实际发生的可能性时，may ，must 常用于肯定句，一般不用于否定句和疑问句（may not 表示“可能不”）；can 常用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中，表示疑惑、惊讶或不相信等意思；could 既可用于肯定句，又可用于否定句、疑问句中。如： This can ’t/ couldn ’t be done by him 。（表不相信） 这不可能是他做的。 This may not be done by him 。（表不确定） 这可能不是他做的。 He could be on his way home now 。（could 不如may/ might 常用） 他现在可能在回家的路上。 Can this be done by him ？（表示疑惑、惊讶） 这可能是他做的吗？ Mr. Bush is on time for everything 。How can it be that he was late for the opening ceremony ？（表示疑惑、惊讶） 布什先生做每件事都很按时。他怎么可能在开幕仪式上迟到呢？ I didn ’t hear the phone 。I must have been asleep 。（表肯定） 我没听到电话。我肯定已经睡着了。 3. would ，could ，might 并不一定与过去时间有关，而是表示可能性弱于他们相应的现在时形式。另外should 也不一定与过去时间有关。如： This may/ might be done by him 。（后者比前者语气弱）
高中英语语法之情态动词 （一）情态动词的定义：情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度。 （二）情态动词的特点：1）有一定词义；2）不受主语人称和数的变化影响；3）与主要动词 的原形（或称不带to的不定式）一起构成谓语（除ought to作固定词组看待）。 情态动词无人称和数的变化, 情态动词后面跟的动词需用原形,否定式构成是在情态动词后面加"not"。个别情态动词有现在式和过去式两种形式, 过去式用来表达更加客气, 委婉的语气, 时态性不强, 可用于过去，现在或将来。情态动词属非及物动词，故没有被动语态。 He could be here soon. 他很快就来。We can't carry the heavy box. 我们搬不动那箱子。 I'm sorry I can't help you. 对不起，我帮不上你。 基本助动词与情态助动词最主要的区别之一是，基本助动词本身没有词义，而情态助动词则 有自己的词义，能表示说话人对有关动作或状态的看法，或表示主观设想： What have you been doing since? （构成完成进行体，本身无词义） I am afraid I must be going. （一定要） You may have read some account of the matter. （或许已经） 除此之外，情态助动词还有如下词法和句法特征： 1）除ought和used以外，其他情态动词后面只能接不带to的不定式。如果我们把ought to 和used to看做是固定词组的话，那么，所有情态动词无一例外地只能接不带to的不定式：We used to grow beautiful roses. I asked if he would come and repair my television set. 2）情态助动词在限定动词词组总是位居第一：They need not have been punished so severely. 3）情态助动词用于第三人称单数现在时的时候，没有词形变化，即其词尾无-s形式： She dare not say what she thinks. 4）情态动词没有非限定形式，即没有不定式和分词形式，也没有相应的动名词： Still, she needn't have run away. 5）情态助动词的“时”的形式并不是时间区别的主要标志。在不少场合，情态助动词的现在 时和过去时形式都可以表示现在、过去或将来时间：Would you mind very much if I ask you to do something? She told him he ought not to have done it. 6）情态助动词之间是相互排斥的，即在一个限定动词词组中只能出现一个情态助动词，但 有时却可以与have和be基本助动词连用：You should have washed the wound. Well, you shouldn't be reading a novel. （三）情态动词有四类：①只做情态动词：must,can(could),may(might),ought to ②可做情态动词又可做实义动词：need,dare ③可做情态动词又可做助动词：shall(should),will(would) ④具有情态动词特征：have(had,has) to,used to ⑤情态动词表猜测 （四）情态动词的基本用法 1. can (could) 1）表示能力，could主要指过去时间。 Two eyes can see more than one. 两只眼比一只眼看得清。 Could the girl read before she went to school? 这女孩上学前能识字吗？ 2）表示可能（理论上或是逻辑判断上）。 The temperature can fall to –60℃, that is 60℃ below freezing. 气温可降至—60℃，也就是零下60℃。 t) have enough money for a new car. 他不可能有足够的钱买新车。 He can′ t (couldn′ re walking around in the wood. You could start a fire. You mustn′ t smoke while you′
小学英语情态动词 HEN system office room 【HEN16H-HENS2AHENS8Q8-HENH1688】
小学英语教案——情态动词 情态动词本身有各种意义，但不能单独作谓语，只能和主要动词一起构成谓语，表示说话人的语气和情态，这样的动词称为情态动词。情态动词没有人称和数的变化。 常用的情态动词有can, could, may, might, will, would, should, must, need, dare等。 一、can, could的用法 1. can的用法 （1）表示能力、许可、可能性。 如：Can you speak English 你会讲英语吗？ Can you play the piano 你会弹钢琴吗？ She can swim fast, but I can’t. 她能游得快，但我不能。 I can see with my eyes. 我用眼睛看。 （2）表示请求或者许可。 如：Can I help you 我能帮助你吗？You can’t play baske tball. 你不能玩篮球。 Can you...“请你……好吗？”表示说话人的请求；Can I...“我可以……吗？”用来征求对方是否允许自己做某事。如在句末加上 please一词就显得更有礼貌了。例如： Can you help me, please 请你帮助我好吗？ You can use my dictionary. 你可以用我的字典。 （3）表示推测，意为“可能”，常用与否定句和疑问句中，此时can’t译为“不可能”。 如：Can the news be true 这个消息会是真的吗？ The moon can’t always be full. 月亮不可能常圆。 2. could的用法
【英语】情态动词详解+例句 一、单项选择情态动词 1．—Where is my dictionary?I remember I put it here yesterday. —You___it in the wrong place. A．must put B．should have put C．might put D．might have put 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 考查情态动词。句意：——我的词典在哪里？我记得昨天放在这里了。——你或许放错了地方。“might have +动词+ed形式”表示过去可能完成的动作。根据所提供的情景Where is my dictionary? I remember I put it here yesterday.可判断出把词典放在某个地方发生在过去，所以要用“might have +动词+ed形式”。“should have + 动词+ed形式”表示“(过去)本来应该做某事”。must意为“一定”，是肯定的推测，与所提供的情景的矛盾。might put表示现在发生的事。故选D。 2．—I have something important to tell Jo hn. But I can’t find him. —His cell phone is here, so he ________ have gone too far. A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．wouldn’t D．can’t 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 考查情态动词。句意：——我有重要的事情要告诉John，但是我找不到他。——他的手机在这儿，所以他不可能走得太远。根据句意可知，此处是对过去的一种猜测，此处是表达不可能……，用can’t have done。故选D。 3．The room is so clean. He ________ have cleaned it yesterday evening. A．will B．need C．can D．must 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 考查情态动词表推测。句意：房间如此干净，他一定是昨天晚上打扫过了。must have done 表示对过去发生的事情有把握的猜测，意思是“一定（做过）”，故D项正确。 4．One of our rules is that every student _______ wear school uniform while at school. A．might B．could
历年全国高考英语情态动词试题汇总及答案 一、单项选择情态动词 1．The door ________ open, no matter how hard she pushed. A．shouldn’t B．couldn’t C．wouldn’t D．mightn’t 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 考查情态动词。句意：无论她怎么使劲推，门就是打不开。A. shouldn’t不应该；B. couldn’t 不能够；C. wouldn’t不愿意；D. mightn’t可能不。will及其过去式would均可表示一种倾向性、习惯。故选C。 2．He is a bad-tempered fellow, but he ________ be quite charming when he wishes. A．shall B．should C．can D．must 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 考查情态动词辨析。句意：他是个脾气不好的家伙，但当他希望自己有魅力的时候，他可以变得相当可爱。此处表示“能、可以”，故C项正确。 3．— Mum, little Ray broke his toys again! —It doesn't matter. You see, accidents _____happen. A．shall B．should C．must D．will 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 考查情态动词辨析。句意：——妈妈，小雷又弄坏了他的玩具。——没事的，你看，意外总会发生。A. shall将要，会；B. should应当；C. must必须；D. will总是。Will可以表示习惯，意思为“惯于，总是”。故D选项正确。 【点睛】 will/would是情态动词，其表达的意思如下。 (1)表示意志或意愿：决心，愿意，……好吗? We will do our best to save the child. 我们会尽力抢救这个孩子。 I told her to stop crying, but she just wouldn’t listen. 我叫她别哭，可她就是不愿听。 注：表示请求、建议或征求对方意见时，用Would you…? 比用Will you…?更婉转。如：Will/Would you please keep the door open? 请让门开着好吗? Will/Would you go with me? 你愿意和我一起去吗? (2)表示真理或习惯：惯于，总是。如：
情态动词 【知识要点】: 情态动词（Modal verbs）本身有一定的词义，表示语气的单词。但是不能独立作谓语，只能和动词原形一起构成谓语。情态动词用在行为动词前，表示说话人对这一动作或状态的看法或主观设想。情态动词虽然数量不多，但用途广泛，主要有下列： can (could), may (might), must, need, ought to, dare (dared), shall (should), will (would) must not. 情态动词无人称和数的变化，情态动词后面跟的动词须用原形，否定式构成是在情态动词后面加 "not"。疑问形式是将情态动词提至主语前。个别情态动词有现在式和过去式两种形式，过去式用来表达更加客气，委婉的语气，时态性不强，可用于过去，现在或将来。情态动词属非及物动词，故没有被动语态。
【典型例题】: 【专题一】:can和could的用法 【例1】Can you lift this heavy box?(体力) 【解析】表示能力(体力、知识、技能) 【练习】 1.Mary speak three languages.(知识) 2. you skate?(技能) 此时可用be able to代替。Can只有一般现在时和一般过去式;而be able to 则有更多的时态。 I’ll not be able to come this afternoon. 当表示“经过努力才得以做成功某事”时应用be able to,不能用Can。 【例2】 -----Can I go now? ----- Yes, you can. / No, you can’t. 【解析】表示请求和允许。此时可与may互换。在疑问句中还可用could,might 代替,不是过去式,只是语气更委婉,不能用于肯定句和答语中。 【练习】 ---- I come to see you tomorrow? ---- Yes, you . ----No, you /I’m afraid not. 【例3】Can this be true? 【解析】表示推测(惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度),用于疑问句、否定句和感叹句中。 【练习】 This be done by him. How this be true? 【专题二】may和might的用法： 【例1】----M ight/ May I smoke in this room? ---- No, you mus tn’t. 【解析】表示请求和允许。might比may语气更委婉,而不是过去式。否定回答时可用can’t或mustn’t,表示“不可以,禁止”。用May I...?征徇对方许可时比较正式和客气,而用Can I...?在口语中更常见。 【练习】 ---- I take this book out of the room? ---- Yes, you . No, you 【例2】May you succeed! 【解析】用于祈使句,表示祝愿。
情态动词 （一）情态动词的定义: 情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度。 （二）情态动词的特点 1. 情态动词有一定的词义。 2. 情态动词不能单独做谓语，它必须和其他动词的原形一起构成谓语。 3. 情态动词没有人称，数的变化。 （三）情态动词的结构和意义 1.情态动词的基本句型 ?肯定句：主语+情态动词+动词原形+...... ?否定句：主语+情态动词+not+动词原形+...... ?疑问句：情态动词+主语+动词原形+...... 2. 情态动词的意义 must“必须”；can/could“能，会”；may/might “可以”；should“应该”； would“愿，要”；have to“不得不”；need“需要” （四）情态动词的基本用法 1.can (could主要指过去时间) 1）表示人或物本身所具有的能力，意为“能，能够，会” : Two eyes can see more than one. / I can swim very well. 2）表示可能（理论上或是逻辑判断上） He can’t (couldn’t) have enough money for a new car. 3）表示允许： Can I have a look at your new pen? He asked whether he could take the book out of the reading-room. 4）表示对现在动作或状态的猜测，主要用于否定句和疑问句中或感叹句中: He can’t (couldn’t) be over sixty.他不可能超过六十岁。 5）could表示比can更委婉客气的提出问题或陈述看法，指的是现在时间。 Can (Could) you lend me a hand? 帮我一把好吗？ 2. may (might) 1）表允许，询问或说明一件事可不可以做，might指过去时间；但在疑问句中might也可指现在时间，语气比may更委婉。 May (Might) I ask for a photo of your baby? 我可以要一张你宝宝的照片吗？ 在回答以may引起的问句时，肯定回答是一般可仍用may,或Yes, please. / Certainly./Sure./Of course. ； 否定回答根据说话人的语气由强到弱分别选用: must not(mustn’t)（禁止）/ had better not（最好别）/ may not（不行） 2) may表可能,但所表示的可能性不如can所表示的那样肯定。might可以指过去时间，也可以指现在时间，但语气更加不肯定。 He may be at home. 他可能在家。 They might be having a meeting, but I’m not sure.他们有可能在开会，不过我不肯定。 3. must（have to表示客观需要） 1）表示“必须”（主观看法）时，用于肯定句或疑问句；用于否定句时表示“禁止”。 We must do everything step by step. 我们一切都必须循序渐进地做。 You must get home before 9:00. 2）表示揣测。意为“想必、准是、一定”等，只用于肯定句。 He must be ill. He looks so pale. 他准是病了。他的脸色苍白。 3)must的疑问句，肯定回答用must，否定回答用needn’t或don’t have to。 4. should 1）表责任或义务，意为“应该”，用于各种人称。
高考英语情态动词及其解题技巧及练习题(含答案) 一、单项选择情态动词 1．It_____ have been Tom that parked the car here, as he is the only one with a car. A．may B．can C．must D．should 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 考查情态动词表猜测的用法。句意：一定是汤姆把车停在这儿的，因为他是唯一有车的人。A. may可能；B. can可能；C. must一定；D. should应该。由as he is the only one with a car.可知一定是他把车停在这里的，非常有把握的肯定推测，故选C。 2．We’ll make the final decision on our scheme. ______ you change your mind, please inform us as soon as possible. A．Should B．Were C．Would D．Had 【答案】A 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】 考查虚拟语气。句意：我们将对我们的计划做最后决定。如果你改变主意，请尽快通知我们。根据语境，此处用虚拟语气，表示与将来相反，从句用should+动词原形，省略if，should提前，陈述句是：If you should change your mind……。故选A。 【点睛】 虚拟语气中的倒装 当虚拟条件句中含有 were，had，should时，可以将if省略，然后将 were，had，should，移至句首： 1）If he should fail, he would kill himself. →Should he fail, he would kill himself. 万一失败，他就会自杀。 2）If I were you, I would do it at once. →Were I you, I would do it at once. 假若我是你，我就会马上做。 要是我能做此事，我一定会做。 3）If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it. →Had he seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it. 他昨天要是看到了你，他就会问你这事了。 该小题属于上述的第一种情况。should作为情态动词，有一种特殊的用法：在虚拟条件状语从句中表示与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，可以把should放在句首，即主语前，从而省略从属连词if。原来的表述为：If you should change your mind。故选A。
一、情态动词用法 1.情态动词的具体用法 A.能干can/could do; (经过努力)能干be able to (have the ability to do, be capable of doing) B.必须干/不得不干must / have to do; 不许干：mustn’t do C.(经允许)可以干may/ might do; 不可以干：may not do D.应该干should /ought to/ be to/ be supposed to do E.将要干will/would/shall do; (按法律，许诺，命令，威胁，第二三人称中) 将干shall do F.(某段具体时间)常干would do; (现在不做，过去常做) used to do G.宁愿做would rather do; 最好做had better do; 不妨做might as well do H.需要做need do ; 敢做dare do 2.情态动词表猜测 A.一定是must be ;一定已经干了某事must have done sth.; 一定不是can’t/couldn’t be ; 一定没干过某事can’t/couldn’t have done sth. B.可能（不）是may/might (not ) be; 可能已经（没）干某事may/might (not) have done sth. 3.情态动词与虚拟语气 A.本应该干某事（带有批评责备之意）should/ ought to have done sth.；本不该做了某事而做了shouldn’t /oughtn’t to have done sth B.本不必干某事needn’t have done sth. C.本可以干某事can/could have done sth. D.本（不会）干某事would (not) have done sth. E.真希望做过某事would like to have done sth. F.Should 在表建议的从句中： (a)It’s high time that sb. should do/did sth (b)It’s important sb. (should) do sth. (c)I suggest sb. (should ) do sth. 二、理解情态动词 Lucy is an outgoing lady. She can play many kinds of musical instruments. Actually, she could play the piano when she was 8 years old. Lucy also keeps taking exercise every day. She says that she has to do some sports because she must keep slim. “You shall get fat soon if you don’t take exercise every day.” She usually says to her friends. As for her, an elegant lady should try to keep fit. However, last week, she found that she might put on weight and she worried and decided to lose her weight. And these days she is always thinking that she may succeed soon if she tries all her best. However, she is always lack of time because she ought to take care of her children. One night after supper, she walked quickly in order to go dancing at the Tomorrow Park and she was late. On her way, she thought that the dancing must have
小学情态动词总复习 -CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN
情态动词 一、情态动词的定义：情态动词有词义，但它不能单独作谓语，它必须和其他动词一起构成谓语。情态动词没有人称和数的变化；它的后面必须跟动词原形。 三．用法特点 ⑴它们必须与其他动词连用， 即：肯定：情态动词＋动词原形：He can swim. 否定：情态动词+not+动词原形：He can not(can’t)swim. 一般疑问句：把情态动词提前：Can he swim?Yes,he can./No,he can’t. 表示说话人对所述动作的看法，如需要、可能、意愿或怀疑等。 ⑵情态动词没有人称和数的变化，即第三人称单数不加-s，有些情态动词 有时态的变化 ⑶在意义上，情态动词具有“多义性”。 例：can既可表示能力，又可表示可能、允许等意义。 四、情态动词的用法及主要句型： 1、Can I help you —— Yes, please. / No, thanks. 2、Can + 主语 + 动词原形 Yes, ～ can. No, ～can’t. 3、Can I borrow（借用） your book-
---Yes,of course. 4、Can I write on the book ------No, you can’t\mustn’t. 5、Could \Can you help me- --- Yes,of course.\Certainly.\ Sure. 6、Could \Can you tell me the way to the zoo? 7、May I come in ----- Come in, please. 8、May I sit here----- Yes, please.\Sorry, please don’t. 9、May I have some Coke---- Yes, of course. 10、May/ Could / Can I speak to Tom -----Speaking. Who’s calling 11、should 、shouldn’t 表示劝告： 1) He should get up early. 2) She shouldn’t play computer game too much. 12、Should +主语 +动词原形 Yes, ～ should.\ No, ～shouldn’t. 13、表示建议“你愿意…吗” Would you like to go shopping with me -----Yes, I’d love to. /I’d love to. But I’m busy now. 14、就餐用语Would you like something to eat\drink ----Yes, I’d like… 15、shall用于第一人称(I, we), 可以表示“将”和表示建议“……好吗” 1) Where shall we have dinner? 2) Shall we go fishing -----All right. \OK. \Good idea. 16、Must + 主语 + 动词原形 ---Yes,～ must.\No, ～needn’t. 情态动词练习 一．按照要求改写句子 1. I can run fast.
英语情态动词用法总结(完整) 一、单项选择情态动词 1．--- Difficulties always go with me! --- Cheer up! If God closes door in front of you, there be a window opened for you. A．must B．would C．could D．can 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 考查情态动词辨析。句意：——困难总是伴随着我！——高兴点! 如果上帝在你面前关上了门，一定有一扇窗户为你打开。A. must必须；B. would将要；C. could能，会；D. can能，会。must表示对现在的状态推测时，意为“一定”，表示可能性很大的推测。符合语境。故选A。 【点睛】 1) must用在肯定句中表示较有把握的推测，意为"一定"。 2) must表对现在的状态或现在正发生的事情的推测时， must 后面通常接系动词be 的原形或行为动词的进行式。 3) must 表示对已发生的事情的推测时，must 要接完成式。 4) must表示对过去某时正发生的事情的推测，must 后面要接完成进行式。 5) 否定推测用can't。 本句中的。must表示对现在的状态推测时，意为一定，表示可能性很大的推测。符合第2点用法。 2．Paul did a great job in the speech contest. He many times last week. A．need have practised B．might practise C．must have practised D．could practise 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 考查情态动词。句意：保罗在演讲比赛中表现得很好。他上星期一定练习了很多次。must have done是对过去发生的动作最有把握的猜测，意思是“一定”。故C选项正确。 3．He is a bad-tempered fellow, but he ________ be quite charming when he wishes. A．shall B．should C．can D．must 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 考查情态动词辨析。句意：他是个脾气不好的家伙，但当他希望自己有魅力的时候，他可
高考英语情态动词知识点真题汇编及答案解析(4) 一、选择题 1．Skills like critical thinking and analysis ________ be found on the Internet, because they must be acquired in the context of facts. A．can’t B．needn’t C．mustn’t D．shouldn’t 2．—Can I pay the bill by check? —Sorry，sir．But it is the management rules of our hotel that payment _____ be made in cash．A．shall B．need C．will D．can 3．——I called you last night, but no one answered. ——Sorry, I____________ sleeping. A．need have been B．would have been C．must have been D．should have been 4．You ______ feel all the training a waste of time, but I'm a hundred percent sure later you'll be grateful you did it. A．may B．can C．should D．would 5．—Where is my dictionary?I remember I put it here yesterday. —You___it in the wrong place. A．must put B．should have put C．might put D．might have put 6．For all of the diligent students here, I give you my promise: Work hard, and you ________ be rewarded! A．can B．need C．shall D．could 7．Home is not just the place where you grow up. It ________ be a warm smile, a sincere hug, and a shoulder for you to cry on. A．must B．can C．will D．should 8．You ________ give me a lift. I want to walk home for exercise. A．needn’t B．couldn’t C．can’t D．mustn’t 9．-Jenny took the 8：00 bus to Guangzhou this morning. -Really? He＿＿the 9:00 train. It's much more comfortable and safer to travel by train. A．could have taken B．should take C．must have taken D．can take 10．--Is Jack still in hospital? --Yes. He _________ the bad food. A．wouldn’t eat B．shouldn’t eat C．wouldn’t have eaten D．shouldn’t have eaten 11．–Will you read me a story, Mummy? --OK. You ______have one if you go to bed as soon as possible. A．might B．must C．could D．shall 12．—I can’t think why he________ so angry. I mean no harm. —It’s typical of him to be sensitive(敏感的).