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第十一章非谓语动词要点概览◎不定式○不定式概说○不定式用法不定式作主语、表语不定式作宾语不定式作宾语不定式作状语不定式作宾语补足语不定式时态和语态不定式的时态不定式的语态○不定式的两种特殊结构疑问词+不定式It’s +adj +for sb to do sth与It’s +adj +of sb to do sth ◎不定式的省略○省略不定式符号to○省略to后的动词◎动名词○动名词概说○动名词用法动名词作主语、表语动名词作宾语动名词作定语○动名词的复合结构○动名词的时态和语态◎分词○分词概说○分词的作用分词作定语分词作状语分词作表语分词作宾语补足语○现在分词作宾补与不定式作宾补的区别○现在分词作宾补与作状语的区别○have (使、让) 带复合宾语的三种情况○分词作定语、状语、宾补的区别◎独立主格结构常见类型及其用法知识讲解不定式一、不定式概说不定式是一种非谓语动词形式，它由不定式符号to加动词原形构成，其否定形式是not to +动词原形。
动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，但却有时态和语态变化。
不定式具有动词的许多特点，可以有自己的宾语或状语，和它一起构成不定式短语。
另外，不定式虽然在语法上不能有主语，可它却可以有逻辑上的主语。
动词不定式除了不能作谓语外，可以充当句子的其他各种部分：主语、宾语、宾语补足语、状语、定语和表语。
不定式的时态和语态变化，通常有六种形式：二、不定式用法1．不定式作主语、表语（1）不定式（短语）作主语：To see is to believe.眼见为实。
To see one time is better than to hear a hundred times.百闻不如一见。
在很多情况下，特别是作主语的不定式比较长时，我们通常用it来代替它作主语，而把真正的主语不定式移到句子后部去。
这样，句子就不致显得头重脚轻了。
如：It’s good to give up smoking.戒烟好。
一、选择题1．—I saw Lucy go to Miss Zhang’s home just now.—Yes, she is often seen Miss Zhang with her housework.A．to help B．helps C．helping2．Look! There is a little cat ________ here and there on the floor.A．running B．run C．runs3．Let’s go to that shop________some school things.A．buying B．to buy C．bought4．_____ the environment is important for human beings.A．Take care of B．Taking care of C．Took care of D．Take the care of 5．—Do you know whom they will have ________the parts of car together?—Sorry,I have no idea.A．fix B．fixed C．to fix D．fixing6．My father likes ________football matches on TV.A．watch B．watching C．watches D．to watching 7．During the mid-autumn festival, family members often gather together _______ а meal, admire the moon and enjoy the moon cakes.A．share B．to share C．sharing D．shared 8．—What about_____________?—That’s a good idea,A．go shopping B．going shop C．going shopping D．go to shop 9．—Let's think about _______ A Bite of China tonight?—That sounds good!A．watch B．watching C．to watch D．watches 10．—Are you good at ________ football?—Yes, I ________.A．play；can B．playing；can C．play；am D．playing；am 11．—Why are you so excited today?—We were told ____ a picnic this weekend.A．have B．to haveC．having D．had12．It's worth ________ a talk with your friends before you make your final decision.A．to have B．having C．have D．has 13．—It’s time _____ lunch.—OK. Let’s _____.A．for; go B．for; going C．to; going D．to; go 14．We should do everything we can________the endangered birds.A．protect B．protecting C．to protect D．protected15．—It’s twelve o’clock.—It’s time________.A．to lunch B．to have lunch C．lunch D．to has lunch 16．Sandy likes ________ TV. She ________ TV every day.A．watching; watching B．watch; watchesC．to watch; is watching D．watching; watches17．—What can I do for you? —I’d like ________ some tickets.A．to book B．book C．booking D．booked 18．— What do you use MP3 for?— I ________ it ________ to music.A．use; listen B．are listening; listeningC．use; to listen D．is listening; to listening19．—Did you get Sam’s invitation?—Yes. But I was so busy today that I almost forgot________to his invitation. A．replying B．to answer C．to reply20．It only __________ him 20 minutes __________ to his office every day. A．takes；to drive B．take；drive C．takes；drive 21．I’m looking forward to _________into a good university.A．get B．got C．getting D．gets 22．Mrs Smith encourages her daughter ________clothes by herself.A．wash B．washing C．to wash23．The menu has so many good things! I can’t decide ____.A．what to eat B．how to eatC．where to eat D．when to eat24．The winter holiday is coming. I really expect ________ a trip to Hong Kong. A．take B．taking C．to take25．I found it necessary _______ each other in friendship.A．trusts B．to trust C．trusting 26．Thanks for ________ me with my English.A．helping B．to help C．your help27．It is important for everyone ________his promise in his life.A．keep B．to keep C．keeping D．kept 28．How lucky Peter was! Some policemen arrived in time and __________ him out. A．managed to help B．tried to help C．succeeded to help D．tried helping【参考答案】***试卷处理标记，请不要删除一、选择题1．A解析：A【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：——我刚才看见露西去了张小姐家。
中考英语专题讲义：非谓语动词（带答案）学科老师辅导讲义课前回顾1.单词默写2.作业讲解知识梳理知识点1：非谓语动词一、动词不定式（重点）1、结构及特征：动词不定式的基本形式是“to + 动词原形”，有时可以不带to。
动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能作谓语，但可以担任除谓语外的任何成分——主语、表语、宾语、状语和宾语补足语，所以我们又称之为非谓语形式。
动词不定式仍保留动词的特点，即它可以有自己的宾语和状语。
2、动词不定式的用法：动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，在句子中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语和状语。
1）作主语例如：To learn English well is not easy. 或It is not easy to learn English well.【说明】动词不定式作主语时，往往用it作形式主语，这种句型可归纳为下面的句型：It is + adj.+ 动词不定式如果要说明不定式表示的动作执行者，可以用for+sb.It is + adj.+ for sb. To do sth.辨析：It's for sb.和It's of sb.A. for sb. 常用于表示事物的特征特点，表示客观形式的形容词，如easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等：It's very hard for him to study two languages. 对他来说学两门外语是很难的。
B. of sb的句型一般用表示人物的性格，品德，表示主观感情或态度的形容词，如good, kind, nice, clever,foolish, right。
It's very nice of you to help me. 你来帮助我，你真是太好了。
【说明】for 与of 的辨别方法：用介词后面的代词作主语，用介词前边的形容词作表语，造个句子。
经验：中考英语必考“非谓语动词”专题讲解与练习（配答案）非谓语动词专讲非谓语动词在句中不能单独作谓语，但仍保留动词的特点，如可以有自己的宾语和状语。
非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动词的-ing形式和过去分词。
动词不定式一、动词不定式的构成动词不定式由“to+动词原形”构成，有时to可以省略。
动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，其否定形式为“not+动词不定式”。
二、动词不定式在句中的作用1. 作主语。
如：To learn English well is difficult.提示：动词不定式作主语时，为了保持句子平衡，常用it代替它作形式主语，而将真正的主语——动词不定式后置，上面的例句常写为：It’s difficult to learn English well.形式主语代替动词不定式的常用句型为：It’s+adj.+(of / for sb.) to do sth.或It’s+n.+(for sb.) to do sth.。
如：It’s very n ice of you to offer me a seat.It’s very dangerous for children to cross the busy street.It was great fun to have a picnic there.2. 作表语。
如：His dream is to be a doctor.3. 作宾语。
常见的只能跟动词不定式作宾语的动词有afford，agree，decide， expect， fail， hope， learn， manage， offer， plan，pretend， refuse， want等。
如：At last the young man agreed to help us.提示：有的及物动词（如find，think等）跟动词不定式作宾语时，常用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语——动词不定式后置。
