2020版河北中考英语精刷题教材梳理语法突破:名词
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2020版河北中考英语精刷题教材梳理:九年级Unit1—Unit2第一部分教材知识梳理第十六讲九年级Unit 1—Unit 2【小试牛刀】单项选择。
(B)1. (2019,湘西改编)—How do you practice your spoken English,Andrew?—By ________ English with my classmates.A. to speakB. speakingC. speakD. spoke(D)2. A woman stood ________ the window, watching the children playing games in the garden.A. pastB. throughC. acrossD. by【小试牛刀】单项选择。
(B)3. (2019,株洲改编)“Actions speak ________than words,” as the saying goes.A. loudB. louderC. loudestD. loudly根据句意及首字母提示完成句子。
4. Reading a loud__ every morning is a good way to improveyour English.【小试牛刀】单项选择。
(A)5. (2019,乐山改编)—It’s already 7∶50. If you want to get to the meeting on time, you must ________, Jack.—I see. I’ll walk quickly.A. hurry upB. ring upC. stay upD. give up(A)6. (2019,吉林改编)We always ________ our classroom every Friday afternoon.A. clean upB. put upC. use upD. pick up根据句意,填入句中所缺单词。
第一部分教材知识梳理第十六讲九年级Unit 1—Unit 2【小试牛刀】单项选择。
(B)1. (2019,湘西改编)—How do you practice your spoken English,Andrew?—By ________ English with my classmates.A. to speakB. speakingC. speakD. spoke(D)2. A woman stood ________ the window, watching the children playing games in the garden.A. pastB. throughC. acrossD. by【小试牛刀】单项选择。
(B)3. (2019,株洲改编)“Actions speak ________than words,” as the saying goes.A. loudB. louderC. loudestD. loudly根据句意及首字母提示完成句子。
4. Reading a loud__ every morning is a good way to improve your English.【小试牛刀】单项选择。
(A)5. (2019,乐山改编)—It’s already 7∶50. If you want to get to the meeting on time, you must ________, Jack.—I see. I’ll walk quickly.A. hurry upB. ring upC. stay upD. give up(A)6. (2019,吉林改编)We always ________ our classroom every Friday afternoon.A. clean upB. put upC. use upD. pick up根据句意,填入句中所缺单词。
第二部分语法专项第二章代词Ⅰ. 单项选择。
(D)1. (2019,河北)—My ruler is broken. Can I borrow ________?—Of course. Here it is.A. hisB. hersC. mineD. yours【解析】考查名词性物主代词辨析。
句意:“我的尺子断了,我可以借用你的(尺子)吗?”“当然可以了。
给你。
”表示“你的(尺子)”要用名词性物主代词yours。
故选D。
(C)2. (2018,河北)Please come in, Alice. Welcome to ________ house.A. herB. hisC. myD. your【解析】考查物主代词辨析。
句意:请进来,艾丽斯。
欢迎来我家。
四个选项都是形容词性物主代词,其不同在于适用于不同的人称。
根据句意可知选C。
(B)3. (2017,河北)—Is this Kate’s bicycle?—No, ________ is under the tree. She put it there this morning.A. hisB. hersC. mineD. yours【解析】考查名词性物主代词辨析。
句意:“这是凯特的自行车吗?”“不,她的(自行车)在树下。
她今天早上放在那里的。
”因此用she的名词性物主代词hers。
his他的;mine 我的;yours你的。
故选B。
(D)4. (2016,河北)Thanks for inviting ________ to dinner, Nancy. I really enjoyed it.A. herB. himC. youD. me【解析】考查人称代词宾格形式的用法。
在动词invite后要用人称代词的宾格形式,由题干中的“I really enjoyed it.”可知被邀请的人是“我”,因此用宾格形式me。
故选D。
(C)5. (2015,河北)My brother likes painting. It’s one of ________ hobbies.A. myB. herC. hisD. your【解析】考查形容词性物主代词辨析。
第二部分语法专项第十二章宾语从句和定语从句Ⅰ. 单项选择。
(C)1. (2018,河北)—Hi, Ken. Did Mrs.Zhang tell us ________?—Yes. She said we should meet there at nine.A. which was the way to the stationB. why we should meet at the stationC. when we should get to the stationD. who we should meet at the station【解析】考查宾语从句。
句意:“嗨,肯。
张老师告诉我们应该什么时候到达车站了吗?”“是的,她说我们应该在九点到那里。
”由答语“we should meet there at nine”可知,问句是在询问时间,故选C。
(B)2. (2016,河北)I’m planning a trip to the beach tomorrow, but still can’t decide ________.A. where I’m goingB. how I’m goingC. why I’m planningD. when I’m planning【解析】考查宾语从句。
句意:我计划明天去海滩度假,但是仍然不能决定怎么去那里。
根据上下句的语境可知用引导词how表示方式。
故选B。
(B)3. (2015,河北)—Could you tell me ________?—Talking about festivals.A. how they are playingB. what they are doingC. where they are goingD. why they are practicing【解析】考查宾语从句。
句意:“你能告诉我他们正在干什么吗?”“正在谈论节日。
”根据给出的选项来看,所用的语序都是陈述语序,只是引导词不同。
专题十五复合句重难点精讲一、宾语从句[2]构成规则例句连接词连词that引导由陈述句变来的宾语从句I know(that) he s a teacher. 我知道他是个老师。
that...and/but that...引导由并列或转折关系的陈述句变来的宾语从句I hear that your father is a singer and your mother is a dancer. 我听说你父亲是个歌手,你母亲是个舞蹈演员。
连词if或whether引导一般疑问句、反意疑问句或选择疑问句变来的宾语从句。
Could you tell me if/whether it snows in winter in Australia? 你能告诉我澳大利亚冬天是否下雪吗?连接代词、副词(即疑问词)引导由特殊疑问句变来的宾语从句。
Please tell me how you go to school. 请告诉我你怎样去学校。
语序宾语从句要用陈述句语序Do you know where Tom lives? 你知道汤姆住在哪里吗?时态如果主句为一般现在时,则宾语从句时态不受限制,根据实际情况使用所需要的时态。
I hear Joan left for Beijing yesterday. 我听说约翰昨天去北京了。
I hear Joan has left for Beijing. 我听说约翰去北京了。
I hear Joan will leave for Beijing. 我听说约翰要去北京了。
如果主句为一般过去时,则宾语从句的时态只能用过去的某种时态。
Kate said she was watching TV this time yesterday. 凯特说她昨天这个时候正在看电视。
Kate said she was going to school soon. 凯特说她很快去学校。
Kate said she had seen the film before. 凯特说她曾看过这部电影。
专题一名词重难点精讲考点精析一、名词辨析1. 语境辨析语境辨析在河北中考中呈加强趋势,考生需要在理解句意的基础上充分运用日常生活经验、知识积累,根据上下文推测出空格处所要表达的意思,从而选择出正确的单词。
本书附录中把考纲词汇按照话题分类,请详见附录。
2. 近义词辨析近义名词在近几年河北中考中没有涉及,老师可根据以下所列常见近义名词适当补充。
①family, home, house与room②information, news与message③noise, sound与voice④question与problem⑤work与job二、名词单复数名词按其所表示的事物的性质分为可数名词与不可数名词。
可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。
1. 可数名词复数的变化规则如下:情况构成方法例词一般情况加s cake→cakesday→daysstudent→studentsbed→beds以字母s,x,sh,ch等结尾的词加e s bus→busesclass→classeswatch→watches以字母f,fe结尾的词变f,fe为v加 e s leaf→leavesknife→kniveswife→wiveslife→lives以辅音字母加y结尾的词先变y为i,再加 e s baby→babiescity→citiescountry→countries以辅音字母加 o 结尾的词若表示有生命的事物加 e s ;若表示无生命的事物加s tomato→tomatoesphoto→photoshero→heroes不规则变化改变单数名词中的元音字母man→menwoman→womenfoot→feettooth→teeth单复数形式相同fish→fishsheep→sheepdeer→deerChinese→ChineseJapanese→Japanese只有复数形式的名词trousers, glassesthanks, clothesgoods, chopstickspeople其他形式mouse→micechild→children 2. 常见的不可数名词物质名词食物bread 面包meat 肉cheese 奶酪液体milk 牛奶water 水 wine 酒oil 油自然物质 soil 土壤 sand 沙子wood 木头抽象名词情感joy 高兴friendship 友情peace 和平学科math 数学geography 地理physics 物理chemistry 化学概念population 人口 knowledge 知识不可数名词的量可用以下词组来表示:a block of 一块a bottle of 一瓶a group of 一群,一组a pair of 一双,一对a piece of 一片(张,块)a pile of 一堆短语a pair(piece) of+复数名词作主语时,若中心词是a pair(piece),谓语动词用单数;若短语是twopairs(pieces)加复数名词作主语,则中心词是two pairs,谓语动词用复数。
第二部分语法专项第十章句子类型连词成句。
1. (2019,河北)cup, is, where, myWhere_is_my_cup?2. (2019,河北)luck, wish, good, youWish_you_good_luck!3. (2019,河北)day, a, is, what, beautiful, it What_a_beautiful_day_it_is!4. (2019,河北)teacher’s, she, the, advice, took She_took_the_teacher’s_advice.5. (2018,河北) it, outside, hot, isIs_it_hot_outside?6. (2018,河北)for lunch, we, what, do, haveWhat_do_we_have_for_lunch?7. (2018,河北)a cup of, Lucy, me, tea, brought Lucy_brought_me_a_cup_of_tea.8. (2018,河北)your, beautiful, are, how, kites How_beautiful_your_kites_are!9. (2017,河北)birthday, is, gift, what, yourWhat_is_your_birthday_gift?10. (2017,河北)you, us, can, ride, give, aCan_you_give_us_a_ride?11. (2016,河北)it, I, yesterday, drawI_drew_it_yesterday.12. (2016,河北)that man, among, look at, they Look_at_that_man_among_them.13. (2016,河北)popular, a, is, sing, heHe_is_a_popular_singer.14. (2015,河北)we, happy, sang, on the wayWe_sang_happily_on_the_way.15. (2015,河北)what, we, a, wonder, time, had What_a_wonderful_time_we_had!16. (2014,河北)night, did, last, rain, itDid_it_rain_last_night?17. (2014,河北)your, what, is, shirt, sizeWhat_size_is_your_shirt?18. (2014,河北)gift, him, birthday, gave, a, II_gave_him_a_birthday_gift.19. (2014,河北)flower, what, are, beautiful, theyWhat_beautiful_flowers_they_are!Ⅰ. 单项选择。
第一部分教材知识梳理第二十一讲九年级Unit 11—Unit 12【小试牛刀】单项选择。
(C)1. (2019,自贡改编)—My uncle is against wasting anything.—No wonder he would rather ________ the old bike than ________ a new one.A. repair; to buyB. to repair; buyC. repair; buyD. to repair; to buy(B)2. Some travelers prefer ________ in tents ________ in hotels, because the money saved can be used to travel to many other places.A. live; rather thanB. to live; rather thanC. live; instead ofD. to live; instead of【小试牛刀】单项选择。
(A)3. (2019,咸宁)—Come and see! The baby is crying.—Please do something to make him ________.A. stop cryingB. stop to cryC. cryingD. cry(B)4. The boy was made ________ the dishes after supper every day.A. doB. to doC. doingD. done(A)5. They had a meeting and ________ Li Ming who was strong of ability the manager of their company.A. madeB. wantedC. askedD. told根据句意,用所给单词的正确形式填空。
第二部分语法专项第一章名词Ⅰ. 单项选择。
(A)1. (2019,河北)I like this song. It’s by one of my favorite __________.A. singersB. dancersC. paintersD.writers【解析】考查名词辨析。
句意:我喜欢这首歌,它是我最喜欢的一位歌手演唱的。
singer 歌手;dancer舞蹈演员;painter画家;writer作家。
根据句意可知,singer符合语境。
故选A。
(B)2. (2018,河北)Did you hear the ________? A scientist will visit our school.A. adviceB. newsC. praiseD. choice【解析】考查名词辨析。
句意:你听说这个消息了吗?一位科学家将要拜访我们的学校。
advice建议;news新闻,消息,不可数;praise表扬,赞扬;choice 选择,抉择。
根据语境可知,这里表示听说这个消息。
故选B。
(B)3. (2016,河北)Your ________ is very helpful. I guess I’ll take it.A. secretB. adviceC. promiseD. purpose【解析】考查名词辨析。
根据后文的“我想我会接受”可判断上文所说“有帮助的”是指“建议”。
secret秘密;advice建议;promise诺言;purpose意图。
故选B。
(D)4. (2015,河北)Could you please take my picture? Here is my ________.A. printerB. radioC. playerD. camera【解析】考查名词辨析。
句意:请你给我拍张照,好吗?这是我的相机。
printer打印机;radio收音机;player播放机;camera 照相机,与上文的“拍照”相一致。
故选D。
(D)5. (2014,河北)I want sweet milk. Put some ________ in my cup, please.A. iceB. soupC. saltD. sugar【解析】考查名词辨析。
根据上文提示“我想喝甜牛奶”可知,此处表示“请在我的杯子里加些糖”。
ice冰;soup汤;salt盐;sugar糖。
故选D。
Ⅱ. 根据句意,用所给单词的正确形式填空。
1. (2019,河北)“I have also written some _notes__(note)under each of these photos,” he said.【解析】考查名词单复数。
句意:我在每张照片下面也写下了留言。
根据前面的修饰词some可知,可数名词note要变为复数形式。
故答案是notes。
2. (2018,河北)Mr.Du said I could be a good example to my _classmates__(classmate).【解析】考查名词单复数。
句意:杜老师说对于我的同班同学们来说,我是个好榜样。
同学不是一个人,所以用复数classmates。
3. (2017,河北)We have different _classes__(class)every day.【解析】考查名词单复数。
句意:我们每天上不同的课。
根据different可判断class 用复数形式,由此可知答案是classes。
Ⅰ. 单项选择。
(A)1. (2019,青岛)—Lucy, how about going to the ________?—Sounds great! Reading books can give us much pleasure.A. libraryB. cinemaC. museumD. concert【解析】考查名词词义辨析。
句意:“露西,去图书馆怎么样?”“听起来很好!读书能给我们带来许多快乐。
” library图书馆;cinema电影院;museum博物馆;concert音乐会。
根据“Reading books”可推断,上句中建议去的地方是图书馆。
故选A。
(D)2. (2019,江西)My daughter helps me cook, but she isn’t old enough to beleft alone in the ________.A. bedroomB. classroomC. labD. kitchen【解析】考查名词词义辨析。
句意:我女儿帮我做饭,但她年龄太小,不能把她单独留在厨房里。
bedroom卧室;classroom教室;lab实验室;kitchen厨房。
根据cook可知,做饭应该在厨房。
故选D。
(C)3. (2019,眉山)The food safety is a serious ________ in many c ountries. People should try to solve it.A. subjectB. programC. problemD. opinion【解析】考查名词词义辨析。
句意:食品安全在许多国家都是一个非常严重的问题。
人们应该尽全力去解决它。
subject科目;program程序,项目;problem问题;opinion观点。
根据solve可知,需要解决的是一个问题。
故选C。
(C)4. (2019,武威)—Here is my family ________. We took it last year.—What a happy family!A. memberB. nameC. photoD. house【解析】考查名词词义辨析。
句意:“这是我们的全家福照片,我们去年拍的。
”“多么幸福的一家人啊!”member 成员;name名字;photo照片;house房子。
根据后面的took可以推测出是照片。
故选C。
(D)5. (2019,东营)It’s not a good ________ for students to go online just foranswers to homework.A. skillB. gameC. hobbyD. habit【解析】考查名词词义辨析。
句意:对学生来说,上网寻找作业的答案不是一个好习惯。
skill技能,技巧;game比赛,游戏;hobby爱好;habit习惯。
根据句意可知,这里说的是上网找答案是一个坏习惯。
故选D。
(B)6. (2019,重庆A卷)One ________ of the book is missing, so I can’t learnthe whole story.A. copyB. pageC. writerD. reader【解析】考查名词词义辨析。
句意:这本书缺了一页,所以我无法了解整个故事。
copy复本;page页;writer作者;reader读者。
根据句意可知,所缺的词为page。
故选B。
(A)7. (2019,本溪)The article gives students some ________ about how to staysafe online.A. suggestionsB. activitiesC. decisionsD. advantages【解析】考查名词词义辨析。
句意:这篇文章给学生们一些如何在网上保持安全的建议。
suggestion建议;activity活动;decision决定;advantage优点。
根据句意可知,这篇文章给学生的是一些建议。
故选A。
(D)8. (2019,鄂州)—I don’t know how to use the App Fun Dubbing.—Ask Kitty for help. She has lots of ______ in doing it.A. expressionB. experimentC. examinationD. experience【解析】考查名词词义辨析。
句意:“我不知道如何使用趣配音软件。
”“叫姬蒂帮忙,她在这方面非常有经验。
”expression表达,表述;experiment实验;examination考试,检查;experience经验,经历。
根据句意可知,她在使用这款软件方面经验丰富。
故选D。
(D)9. (2019,南京)—Tomorrow is Mom’s birthday. Let’s buy some flowers forher.—OK. I know she likes ________ best.A. dressesB. ringsC. handbagsD. roses【解析】考查名词词义辨析。
句意:“明天是妈妈的生日。
我们给她买一些花吧。
”“好的。
我知道她最喜欢玫瑰花了。
”dress连衣裙;ring戒指;handbag手提包;rose玫瑰花。
根据上一句可知,此处指妈妈最喜欢花。
故选D。
(A)10. (2019,眉山改编)Upstairs are ________ bedrooms. They are tidy and nice.A. Lily’s and Lucy’sB. Lily and LucyC. Lily’s and LucyD. Lily and Lucy’s【解析】考查名词所有格。
句意:楼上是露西和莉莉的房间,它们很整洁,很漂亮。
根据bedrooms和they可知,是两个房间,表示两个人分别拥有,在两个人的名字后分别加“‘s”。
故选A。
(C)11. (2019,连云港)On April 24, Xie Wenjun raced to gold in the ________ 110-meter hurdles at the Asian Athletics Championships in Qatar.A. manB. menC. men’sD. mens’【解析】考查名词所有格的用法。
句意:4月24日,在卡塔尔举行的亚洲田径锦标赛上谢文骏赢得男子110米跨栏比赛的金牌。
根据句意可知,这里表示“男子的”,正确的所有格形式为men’s。
故选C。
(B)12. (2019,咸宁)—Creative morning________ are popular in our school.—Yes, we dance to fun music, such as the song “Calorie”(《卡路里》).A. examsB. exercisesC. examplesD. expressions【解析】考查名词词义辨析。
句意:“富有创意的早操在我们学校很流行。