(高考模拟英语试卷50份合集)广东省汕尾市高考模拟英语试卷合集

2019-2020学年汕尾市新城中学高三英语模拟试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ANothing beats live music, but the venue makes a difference. When you're able to score tickets to an incredible concert in an incredible place, you won't forget the experience. Here are some of the coolest music venues from around the world. If you haven't been to any of these, you've got some traveling to do.Red Rocks, Morrison, the United StatesRed Rocks might be the most beautiful and famous venue in the United States. At 6,450 feet above sea level, Red Rocks is a geologically formed natural stage. Its massive sandstone provides a perfect stage for jam bands. If you're into the blues and jazz, you'll have no trouble finding something in line with your interests.Meet Factory, Prague, Czech RepublicSmallest venues on this list, Meet Factory is an art gallery, theater, and music venue. The venue only accommodates 1,000 people, so you won't see any huge names come through. Still, it's a great place to see up-and-coming local acts, and if you've got an eye for contemporary art, you'll love your time here.Arena of NÎmes, NÎmes, FranceOriginally built around A. D. 70, the Arena of Nimes presents concertgoers with an interesting question: Should they enjoy the music, or marvel at the architecture? The Arena is, after all, one of the world's best-preserved Roman theaters. Many major touring acts plan stops at the Arena of Nimes, especially during the venue's annual festival.Sydney Opera House, Sydney, AustraliaThe Sydney Opera House is one of the world's most famous performing venues. I's also one of the most distinctive buildings in Sydney, thanks to the breathtaking design by Danish architect Utzon. It hosts about 40 events per week, so whether you're into jazz, rock, classical music, or opera, you'll find something to watch.1.Where can you enjoy music in natural beauty?A.At Red Rocks.B.At Meet Factory.C.At Arena of Nimes.D.At Sydney Opera House.2.What is special about Meet Factory?A.It enjoys breathtaking scenery.B.It hosts both musical and artistic events.C.It is the largest venue of all.D.It is famous for contemporary music.3.What do the listed music venues have in common?A.They have a long history.B.They are built near the sea.C.They accommodate thousands of people.D.They are beautiful tourist attractions.BHenry Cavill: Bring Superman to LifeHenry Cavill knew that he wanted to be a star at 16 years of age, after a chance meeting with movie star Russell Crowe who inspired hispassion for acting. But for the British-born actor, the bright lights and attraction ofHollywoodwere a long way away. Supported by his secretary mother and stockbroker father, he decided to study drama during high school. His journey to super star began.Before gaining the international recognition he has now, Cavill tried out for roles in the Harry Potter and Twilight series but failed to get either. He would have to keep waiting for his big chance.Determined as ever, Cavill took any acting jobs he could get his hands on and appeared in several low-budget horror movies and TV shows in hopes of getting noticed. It almost worked. In the early 2000s, at just 22 years old, he narrowly missed out on becoming the new James Bond. Finally, in 2007, his hard work paid off. He won a leading role as the first Duke of Suffolk in the period showThe Tudors. The TV show was very popular and helped to raise Cavill's popularity inAmerica.In 2011, Cavil landed his breakout role, playing Superman in the DC Extended Universe. He hasn't looked back and has since starred in many hit films, such asMission: Impossible- Fallout.More recently, he stepped back on to the small screen. Since 2019, he has starred in the popular seriesThe Witcher, adapted from the book series and video games of the same name. In the TV show, Cavill played a brave monster hunter named Geralt of Rivia, which was the perfect role for Cavill because he was a fan of the video games. Cavill also got a chance to play a classic English character — master detective Sherlock Holmes — in 2020'sEnola Holmes.However, Cavill isn't just a good guy on screen. His charity work also makes him a real-life hero. In 2014, he took part in the Ice Bucket Challenge while wearing his full Superman suit to support the ALS Association. Currently, he is an ambassador for the UK's Royal Marines Charity, which supports war veterans (退伍军人). Why does he do it? He love to make people feel good and bring smiles to people' faces. Indeed, Henry Cavill in livingproof that you don't always need to wear a cape (斗篷) to act like a hero.4. Why did Cavil act in low-budget film and TV works early in his career?A. He was too polite to refuse.B. He was hoping to get noticed.C. He was encouraged to do so by his parents.D. He was friends with the directors of the projects.5. The role of the monster hunter was the perfect for Cavill because ________ .A. he had experienced hunting monstersB. he had played the same role in a movieC. he knew the writer of the books personallyD. he enjoyed the video games that the show was rooted in6. Which of the following words can best describe Cavill?A. Modest and friendly.B. Determined and kind.C. Talented and faithful.D. Honest and considerate.7. What made Cavill a real-life hero?A. Being a successful actor.B. Playing Superman on screen.C. Devoting to charities.D. Wearing a cape to take part in activities.CDoctors are known to be terrible pilots. They don’t listen because they already know it all, I was lucky: I became a pilot in 1970, almost ten years before I graduated from medical school. I didn’t realize then, but becoming a pilot makes me a better surgeon. I loved flying. As 1 flew bigger, faster planes, and in worse weather, I learned about crew resource management (机组资源管理), or CRM, a new idea to make flying safer. It means that crew members should listen and speak up for a good result, regardless of positions.I first read about CRM in 1980. Not long after that, an attending doctor and I were flying in bad weather. The controller had us turn too late to get our landing ready. The attending doctor was flying; I was safety pilot. He was so busy because of the bad turn, he had forgotten to put the landing gear (起落架) down. He was a better pilot—and my boss—so it felt unusual to speak up. But I had to: Our lives were in danger. I put aside my uneasiness sand said, we need to put the landing gear down now! That was my first real lesson in the power ofCRM, and I’ve used it in the operating room ever since.CRM requires that the pilot/surgeon encourage others to speak up. It further requires that when opinions are from the opposite, the doctor doesn’t overreact, which might prevent fellow doctors from voicing opinions again. So when I’m in the operating room, I ask for ideas and help from others. Sometimes they’re not willing to speak up. But I hope that if I continue to encourage them, someday someone will keep me from landing gear up.8. What does the author say about doctors in general?A. They like flying by themselves.B. They are quick learners of CRM.C. They pretend to be good pilots.D. They are unwilling to take advice.9. The author deepened his understanding of the power of CRM when .A. his boss landed the plane too lateB. he was in charge of a flying taskC. he saved the plane by speaking upD. his boss operated on a patient10. In the last paragraph landing gear up probably means .A. following flying requirementsB. making a mistake that may cost livesC. listening to what fellow doctors sayD. overreacting to different opinions11. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. CRM: A New Way to Make Flying SafeB. A Pilot-Turned DoctorC. The Making of a Good PilotD. Flying Makes Me a Better DoctorDA teenager in Georgia will no longer have to walk 7 miles to work after school thanks to one woman’s act of kindness.Jayden Sutton, a high school senior, went on foot each day from school to his job at a restaurant and then back home. Sutton was determined to work and make enough money to eventually buy his own vehicle.Sutton said he’d leave school at 3:30 pm, then walk miles to his job at the restaurant. After his work, which usually lasted six to eight hours, he walked home, sometimes not arriving back until almost midnight.That all changed when Myers saw him walking down the road in the rain in December. “The young man was insistently in a rush walking to work, saying ‘I can’t be late,’” Myers said. “He begged me to give him a ride. I told him I could take him as far as I was going. I began to create small talk along the way. It wasrevealedto me that his name was Jayden, 12th grader, worked 40 hours a week, walked 5 miles to work immediately after school, got off at 10:30 pm at night and walked back home another 5 miles if co-workers didn’t offer a ride.”After dropping Sutton off, Myers said his heart and determination filled her with tears. “He was smiling in good spirits and that’s a child worth blessing,” she told Fox News. So, Myers shared Sutton’s story on the GoFundMe page, which raised more than $ 9, 000 from 186 donors.She surprised Sutton with a new car after she managed to convince the general manager to drop the price of the vehicle to meet the budget.12. Why did Sutton work so hard in his spare time?A. To gain working experience.B. To pay for his education.C. To own a car.D. To support his family.13. What difficulty did Sutton have in his work at the restaurant?A. He worked longer than other workers.B. His work was too tiring.C. His job was much less paid.D. He had to walk to work.14. What does the underlined word “revealed” in paragraph 4 mean?A. Known.B. Attached.C. Believed.D. Limited.15. What do we know about the money donated online?A. It could buy more than a new car.B. It was not enough to buy a new car.C. It was given to Myers to buy herself a new car.D It mainly came from a car sales manager.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

广东省汕尾市陆丰葫峰中学高三英语模拟试题含解析一、选择题1. _____ the girl was too selfish and never thought of others, she wasn’t getting on well with her classmates.A. SinceB. UnlessC. ThoughD. Until参考答案：A2. There’ll be a special price for anybody who ______ a suit in the next two days.A. orderedB. has orderedC. ordersD. would order参考答案：C3. The experiment has the possibility of the existence of any life on the planet, but it dose not mean there is no life on other planets.A. found outB. ruled outC. pointed outD. carried out参考答案：B略4. She has already tried her best. Please don’t be too _____ about her job. After all, she is only 21 and has just graduated from college.A. particularB. specialC. especialD. specific参考答案：A5. ---Li Ping often watches _______ English TV news in her spare time.---No wonder she has _______ command of English.A. /; aB. an; theC. the; /D. an; a参考答案：A6. One third of Ukrainian population live in the eastern region near Russia and speak Russian, most of them __________ closer to Russia.A. feelB. are feelingC. are feltD. feeling 参考答案：D7. It’s a ________ clo ck, made of brass and dating from the nineteenth century.A. charming French smallB. French small charmingC. small French charmingD. charming small French参考答案：D8. ---- Is this stick long enough ? ----- No, I need one _______ .A. twice so longB. so long twiceC. twice as longD. as long twice参考答案：C略9. Be careful when you deal with this chemical, as it will explode when________ to sunlight.A. being exposedB. to exposeC. exposingD. exposed参考答案：D10. If the wound ________ become infected, do not hesitate to call me.A. shallB. mustC. shouldD. would参考答案：C11. —How was your holiday?—It couldn’t have been _____. I just stayed in the hotel because it was raining most of the time.A. boringB. more boringC. most boringD. less boring参考答案：B12. He is never satisfied with what he has got. The grass is always greener on the other side of the ________.A. roadB. fenceC. wallD. garden参考答案：B13. There is a beautiful Chinese song called I Came Over the Ocean to See You. Why not do that in reality on this Valentine’s Day? Keep your plan a secret and ______suddenly.A. show upB. cut inC. show offD. cut down参考答案：A试题分析∶考查短语。

广东汕尾市2024年高三第三次模拟测试英语试题注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号和座位号填写在试题卷和答题卡上。

用2B铅笔将试卷类型（B）填涂在答题卡相应位置上。

将条形码粘贴在答题卡右上角"条形码粘贴处"。

2．作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。

答案不能答在试题卷上。

3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。

不按以上要求作答无效。

4．考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。

考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．It's said that the power plant is now large as what it was.A．twice as B．as twiceC．twice much D．much twice2．—I’m sorry for breaking the cup.—Oh, ________. I’ve got plenty.A．help yourself B．forget itC．my pleasure D．pardon me3．—Mr, White, do you have anything ________?—No, nothing. You can take a rest now.A．type B．typed C．to type D．to be typed4．Lucy_ _writing her essay by 10:00 this morning. After that, she listened to music for a while.A．will finish B．finishesC．has finished D．had finished5．—I need to advertise for a roommate for next term.—________？Mary is interested.A．Why bother B．Why notC．So what D．What for6．--It is really fun to hike and I often go hiking in the forest.--But hiking alone in the forest ______ be very dangerous.A．can B．must C．shall D．will7．I was unaware of the critical points involved, so my choice was quite _______.A．arbitrary B．reasonable C．mechanical D．conventional8．They do have a different to the problem of overpopulation．A．solution B．opinionC．decision D．conclusion9．He started school the same day as I did and________to it like a duck to water.A．appealed B．tookC．catered D．saw10．Nowadays, the Internet is a popular ________ for the public to access information and voice their opinions. A．track B．trendC．channel D．lane11．She runs on average about 15 miles a day every day, ______ the circumstances.A．whatever B．wherever C．whichever D．however12．We arranged to meet at the cinema at 7:30, but Jack failed to ______.A．break up B．set upC．turn up D．give up13．—What a shame! We misunderstood each other for such a long time.—Yes, I wish I _____ with you earlier.A．communicate B．had communicatedC．communicated D．would communicate14．Where have you been ?— I_______in the heavy traffic .Otherwise I_______ here earlier.A．have got stuck; would have come B．got stuck; wasC．got stuck ; would have come D．had stuck ; would come15．Y ou can’t use the computer now, ________ the upgrade of the system is under way.A．until B．unlessC．as D．after16．To get a slim figure, Fanny has tried many ways, but in vain. So now she is reduced anything for supper.A．to not eating B．not to eatC．not to eating D．to not eat17．The manager is trying to find a man to recommend how the job .A．is done B．be done C．should done D．to do18．With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth ________ each year.A．is washing away B．is being washed awayC．are washing away D．are being washed away19．Is it common practice that salesmen receive a _______ of 10 percent on all sales made?A．deposit B．receiptC．pension D．commission20．New ideas sometimes have to wait for years before _____.A．being fully accepting B．fully accepting C．having fully accepted D．fully accepted第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

2023-2024学年广东全部城市人教版高考专题英语高考模拟1.阅读理解第1题.When I was 12 years old, I already knew that my teen years were going to be the worst years of my life. I was a total outsider, bullied（欺凌）at school. I felt completely alone in my small town.But by starting to do volunteer work when I was 14, I turned my problem into a passion for helping others. The opportunity to practice kindness made me feel like my life had a greater purpose. The more positive energy I shared, the more kindness and appreciation I received. I realized that my purpose in life would be to reach out to people, specifically teenagers, and help them feel less alone.Books were my true friends back then. I was so thankful that the authors wrote those books. The kindness they offered me with their books saved my life. One of my biggest dreams was to become an author so I could write books that would help other teenagers the way those books helped me.After surviving terrible experiences at school and at home, I made a choice to take the optimistic, positive road in the next steps of my journey. My dream career, one I thought was only possible for the authors I loved, is what I am doing now. I have been a full-time author of teen novels since 2007 and am grateful for this amazing opportunity to reach out to readers every single day.Kindness saved me when I needed help the most. Even small acts of kindness can change someone's life. You never know what someone else is going through. But by practicing daily kindness, you become an architect of positive change.（1）What was the author's life like when he was 12?A: Boring.B: Peaceful.C: Unhappy.D: Meaningful.（2）How did volunteer work benefit the author?A: It made him popular in his town.B: It helped him find the meaning of life.C: It helped him understand others' lives better.D: It helped to shape his dream career.（3）Why did the author choose writing as his job?A: He was inspired by his teacher.B: He could pass positive energy to readers.C: He wanted to share his school experiences.D: He found he had a talent for writing.（4）What does the author suggest readers do in the last paragraph?A: Say "no" to bullies bravely.B: Make positive changes in their lives.C: Treat others with kindness in daily life.D: Learn to care more about others' feelings.【答案】CBBC【解答】（1）C 细节理解题。

2024学年广东省汕尾市高三压轴卷英语试卷考生须知：1．全卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，全部在答题纸上作答。

选择题必须用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题的答案必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔写在“答题纸”相应位置上。

2．请用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔在“答题纸”上先填写姓名和准考证号。

3．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。

第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．From his expression, I don’t think he could have fin ished his homework last night, _______?A．couldn’t he B．do IC．did he D．hasn’t he2．I like these English songs and they ________ many times on the radio.A．taught B．have taughtC．are taught D．have been taught3．When ________ questions in class, one should answer them as clearly as possible.A．asking B．to ask C．to be asked D．asked4．The expert points out the phenomenon that cream goes bad faster than butter______ its structure rather than its chemical composition.A．lives up to B．gets down toC．comes down to D．stands up to5．Once you’ve ________ the items you ordered, put this record in your file.A．checked in B．checked offC．checked out D．checked with6．A book I read last year, ______ name I can’t remember, changed my idea about time.A．which B．thatC．whose D．what7．The meal itself was not so good—______ was boringly brown including vegetables.A．nothing B．everythingC．anything D．something8．__________him not to do so, he wouldn’t have made such a serious mistake.A．Did I persuade B．If I persuadeC．If I should persuade D．Had I persuaded9．He used to study in a village school, ______was rebuilt two years ago.A．which B．thatC．where D．whose10．General Secretary, Xi Jinping, stressed that cross－strait cooperation would be strengthened________ the two sidescould agree to oppose Taiwan independence．A．unless B．even ifC．as long as D．until11．The boss_________the employees a rise in salary for ages, but nothing has occurred yet.A．promised B．had promised C．would promise D．promises12．_____ the plant once a week if you are to get fruit in the autumn.A．Watered B．Watering C．To water D．Water13．-- I have heard Mr. Morgan will be here at 4:00 pm. next Thursday.-- No, he _______ at that time.A．was boarding B．would be boardingC．will be boarding D．is boarding14．My cousin insisted that she ______ to Australia for further study. But the company refused her application. A．sends B．will be sentC．be sent D．would be sent15．It rained this morning, _____ actually didn’t bother me because I like walking i n the rain.A．what B．whenC．where D．which16．Zhouqu, Gansu was attacked by such a terrible mud-rock flow few residents had ever experienced before. A．as B．which C．where D．that17．The coat I bought yesterday is not expensive at all. As a matter of fact, I would gladly have paid ______ for it. A．as much twice B．much as twiceC．as twice much D．twice as much18．Please call my secretary to arrange a meeting this afternoon，or____________ it is convenient to you. A．wherever B．howeverC．whichever D．whenever19．John once worked in a remote mountain village school, which is ______ only on foot.A．accessible B．acceptable C．available D．appropriate20．The maple trees turn a brilliant red in autumn, adding another to the colors in the harvest season.A．theme B．versionC．category D．dimension第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

广东省汕尾市华侨中学高三英语模拟试题含解析一、选择题1. The exhibition _____ such endangered animals as the giant panda and the Siberian tiger and describes the work being done to protect them．A．exploits B．features C．demonstrates D．inspects参考答案：CA.exploits利用；B. features突出特点；C.demonstrates论证，演示；D. inspects检查。

句意：展览展示了这种濒危动物如大熊猫、东北虎和描述正在做的要保护它们的工作。

故选C。

考点：考查动词。

2. Antarctica is so mystically described by some people. If only I _____ there!A. had beenB. have beenC. have goneD. had gone参考答案：A3. After ________ careful consideration, they finally decided that each child will be offered________ university education.A. the; aB. 不填; anC. a; anD. 不填; a参考答案：D4. He ______ a chance to try it again just now.A. gaveB. will giveC. is givenD. was given参考答案：D试题分析：考查动词的时态和语态。

句意：刚才他又获得了再试一次的机会。

结合语境可知本句描述的是过去某时发生的动作，故用一般过去时态。

主语是被给与的对象，用被动语态，选D5. ----Can you keep a secret?---- You worry, I’m not going t o mention it to anyone．A．needn’t B．couldn’t C．mustn’t D．won’t参考答案：A6. You ______ write the poem down. Our teacher will give us a copy soon.A. mustn’tB. can’tC. shouldn’tD. needn’t参考答案：D试题分析：考查情态动词。

2021届汕尾市新城中学高三英语模拟试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AOur Teen Summer Spanish Program is two weeks of fun, educational excitement that helps students learn Spanish fast. Our Spanish summer program allows our students to learn from highly trained, certified teachers and be absorbed in the language and theculture of Costa Rica.Features include:* Intensive(强化的) daily Spanish classes* Extracurricular classes in dance, cooking, music, and handiwork* Outdoor activities including hiking, camping, rafting, and ziplining(高空滑索)* Homestay with a local Costa Rican family* Volunteer work in needy neighborhoodsOur Teaching Methods:We are proud to use TPRS---Total Physical Response Storytelling---in our curriculum. This innovative method uses strange and amusing stories to teach new vocabulary, increase fluency, and get students involved by giving them the opportunity to alter the details themselves. Because of the silliness, creativity, and repetition involved, TPRS allows students to learn easily and remember information effortlesslyMemorizing vocabulary and listening to lectures on grammar are slow, inefficient ways to learn a new language. The best way to truly learn and commit new material to memory is through conversation. In our Spanish classes, students can expect to speak up to 80% of each class. By speaking in the new language freely and consistently, students can see progress faster because they are using the new grammar and vocabulary that they have learned at the same time. This helps the brain remember the new words and grammar structures for future use, making it much easier to progress.1.What does the program do?A.It offers weekly Spanish classesB.It focuses more on outdoor activitiesC.It gives teachers a chance to receive trainingD.It provides activities about the Spanish culture2.What is the best way to learn a language according to the text?A.Memorizing a larger vocabularyB.Speaking more in the new language.C.Mastering more grammar structuresD.Writing stories to share with others3.What is the purpose of the text?A.To employexperienced Spanish teacherB.To hire foreign volunteers for a programC.To attract teen foreigners to a programD.To introduce language learning methodsBVietnammade preparations for theLunar New Year with a fish release on Thursday. The tradition involves releasing fish called carps into rivers and lakes in the country a week before the holiday known as Tet officially begins.The tradition comes from an ancient story of three “Kitchen Gods”. The three, two males and a female, take a ride on the brightly color1 ed carp at the end of the year. They go to Heaven to meet with the Jade Emperor, the God who rules there. The “Kitchen Gods” report news about the families they represent to seek the emperor's care and protection. Their efforts help to keep the kitchen fires burning, and families happy and healthy.As the Gods go to Heaven, families clean their houses in preparation to celebrate Tet. A clean house, Vietnamese believe, will bring luck in the new year. On Lunar New Year's Eve, the Gods will return to Earth and their duties in the kitchen of the house.Thursday's event inVietnamthis year was more controlled than ever before because of COVID-19. It is spreading in several northern areas of the country. However,Vietnamhas increased contact examination, mass testing, and quarantine measures to slow the spread. The aggressive action has limited infections and deaths in the country.“Vietnamese will still follow the tradition of releasing the fish, but COVID-19 has made people keep a safe distance,” said Tran Van Toi as he released a carp from a plastic bag atHanoi'sWestLake.This year, due to COVID-19, there were fewer people releasing fish there, but there was a major change in attitude towards plastic bags. After years of persuasion, now they don't throw the plastic bags into the water anymore but collect them to be recycled.4. What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about?A. Kitchen fires inVietnam.B. Traditional customs ofVietnam.C. A report on family activities inVietnam.D. A tale about Vietnamese Lunar New Year.5. What's the author's attitude towards theVietnam's actions to control COVID-19?A. Critical.B. Positive.C. Doubtful.D. Unconcerned.6. What was the change about fish release inVietnamthis year?A. It required few lake fish.B. It was more interesting and diverse.C. It was more environmentally friendly.D. It required more people and plastic bags.7. What can be the best title for the text?A. Vietnamese Respect Gods During the Festive TimeB. Vietnamese Mark Lunar New Year with Fish ReleaseC. Vietnamese Lunar New Year Celebrations Are FunnyD. Traditional Lunar New Year Promotes Animal ProtectionCWhy isn’t science better? Look at career incentive(激励).There are oftensubstantial gaps between the idealized and actual versions of those people whose work involves providing a social good. Government officials are supposed to work for their constituents. Journalists are supposed to provide unbiased reporting and penetrating analysis. And scientists are supposed to relentlessly probe the fabric of reality with the most rigorous and skeptical of methods.All too often, however, what should be just isn’t so. In a number of scientific fields, published findings turn out not toreplicate(复制), or to have smaller effects than, what was initially claimed. Plenty of science does replicate — meaning the experiments turn out the same way when you repeat them -but the amount that doesn’t is too much for comfort.But there are also waysin which scientists increase their chances of getting it wrong. Running studies with small samples, mining data for correlations and forming hypotheses to fit an experiment’s results after the fact are just some of the ways to increase the number of false discoveries.It’s not like we don't know how to do better. Scientists who study scientific methods have known about feasible remedies for decades. Unfortunately, their advice often falls ondeaf ears.Why? Why aren't scientific methods better than they are? In a word: incentives. But perhaps not in the way you think.In the 1970s, psychologists and economists began to point out the danger in relying on quantitative measuresfor social decision-making. For example, when public schools are evaluated by students’ performance on standardized tests, teachers respond by teaching “to the test”. In turn, the test serves largely as of how well the school can prepare students for the test.We can see this principle—often summarized as “when a measure becomes a target, it ceases to be a good measure”—playing out in the realm of research. Science is a competitive enterprise. There are far more credentialed (授以证书的) scholars and researchers than there are university professorships or comparably prestigious research positions. Once someone acquires a research position, there is additional competition for tenure grant funding, and support and placement for graduate students. Due to this competition for resources, scientists must be evaluated and compared. How do you tell if someone is a good scientist?An oft-used metric is the number of publications one has in peer-reviewed journals, as well as the status of those journals. Metrics like these make it straightforward to compare researchers whose work may otherwise be quite different. Unfortunately, this also makes these numbers susceptible to exploitation.If scientists are motivated to publish often and in high-impact journals, we might expect them to actively try to game the system. And certainly, some do—as seen in recent high-profile cases of scientific fraud(欺诈). If malicious fraud is the prime concern, then perhaps the solution is simply heightened alertness.However, most scientists are, I believe, genuinely interested in learning about the world, and honest. The problem with incentives is that they can shape cultural norms without any intention on the part of individuals.8. Which of the following is TRUE about the general trend in scientific field?A. Scientists are persistently devoted to exploration of reality.B. The research findings fail to achieve the expected effect.C. Hypotheses are modified to highlight the experiments' results.D. The amount of science that does replicate is comforting.9. What doesdeaf earsin the fourth paragraph probably refer to?A. The public.B. The incentive initiators.C. The peer researchers.D. The high-impact journal editors.10. Which of the following does the author probably agree with?A. Good scientists excel in seeking resources and securing research positions.B. Competition for resources inspires researchers to work in a more skeptical way.C. All the credentialed scholars and researchers will not take up university professorships.D. The number of publication reveals how scientists are bitterly exploited.11. According to the author, what might be a remedy for the fundamental problem in scientific research?A. High-impact journals are encouraged to reform the incentives for publication.B. The peer-review process is supposed to scale up inspection of scientific fraud.C. Researchers are motivated to get actively involved in gaming the current system.D. Career incentives for scientists are expected to consider their personal intention.DDisease-carrying mosquitoes can spread diseases without affecting themselves. Nearly 700 million people get a mosquito-borne illness each year, which results in over one million deaths. Humans experience continuous pressures from disease-carrying mosquitoes in many parts of the world, so we have to find ways to fight against those insects because they keep getting scarier.Even though DEET remains the most commonly used, and most powerful, mosquito repellent ever developed, scientists are actively pursuing effective products based entirely on plant oils. While DEET is an effective contact repellent, many people dislike the oily feel and smell on their skin, and sometimes some people are sensitive to it. Consumers are always interested in alternatives to DEET and other synthetic repellents, so there are numerous natural repellents on the market.In his lab atIowaStateUniversity, Dr. Joel Coats and his team have successfully tested these repellents against three species of dangerous mosquitoes. The first group of the new repellents act through the air. These chemicals have a vapor action that provides protection, and they are called “spatial” repellents, since they act through space. These are potentially most useful in backyards, parks, and houses. The other group are the classic ones that stop insects from standing on a treated surface, such as human skin, clothing or tents; collaborators at the USDA-ARS and BioGents have conducted testing with humans to confirm the effectiveness and identify the very best ones.The new repellents were designed and made from the natural materials in plant essential oils. They maintain many of the advantages of the natural repellents: They are fully biodegradable, with no ecological concerns or environmental wastes, and generally considered safe like the thousands of types of plant essential oils used in the flavor and perfume industries. However, thorough testing will be conducted to determine if they are truly non-poisonous because there is still no enough evidence.12. What does the author mainly want to show in paragraph 1?A. The way mosquitoes spread disease.B. The high death rate of mosquito-borne illness.C. The difficulty of fighting disease-carrying mosquitoes.D. The urgency of finding tools to fight against mosquitoes.13. What is a disadvantage of DEET?A. It won’t be effective for long.B. It can’t be applied universally.C. It causes discomfort to the users.D. It greatly harms people’s health.14. What can we learn about the second group of the new repellents?A. They can kill mosquitoes indirectly.B. They are mainly used in the open air.C. They are more effective on human skin.D. They can prevent mosquitoes from contacting users.15. What’s the author’s attitude to the new repellents?A. Subjective.B. Objective.C. Doubtful.D. Disapproving.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2021届汕尾市新城中学高三英语模拟试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ABird migration is described as the regular, seasonal movement of bird populations from one place to another and back again.The longer days and rich food of the northern summer provide greater chances for birds to feed their young. The longer daylight hours and enormous food resources allow birds to lay larger eggs than those of related non-migratory species that remain in the tropics all year round. As the days shorten in autumn and the breeding period is over, the birds return to warmer regions where the available food supply differs little with the seasons changing. The advantages of migration make up for the high stress, physical exertion（消耗）, and other risks of the migration.Day length is the primary environmental factor that encourages birds to prepare for migration. They have an increased appetite which results in weight gaining, giving them the fat reserves that provide energy for their migratory flight. They also show more activity at night, which is when most birds migrate. While the length of day is the primary reason for migration, birds also respond to temperature changes. For example, if a spring is late and the temperature is lower than normal, birds delay migration; if a spring is early, birds also begin migration early.The timing of the migratory cycle must allow birds to arrive on the breeding site so that there is time tobuild a breeding place, mate, lay the eggs, and hatch the young before the rich food is available to feed the young in the nest. Similarly, if birds wait until the climate in their northern breeding grounds becomes tolerable(可忍受的), there will be no time togain the necessary weight that provides the energy needed for their southbound migration.1. Why do birds migrate to the north in spring?A The temperature in the south has risen.B. They like traveling and enjoy the journey.C. The summer there is warmer than that in the south.D. The environment there is more suitable for them to feed their baby birds.2. What are the two factors that cause birds to migrate?A. Day length and food supply.B. Night length and high stress.C. Temperature changes and daylength.D. Food supply and temperature changes.3. Which can be the best title for the text?A. Birds' LifeB. Birds' MigrationC. Birds' Breeding HabitsD. Birds' Living EnvironmentBScientists have recently discovered thatAndean condors (秀鹫)— some of the world’s largest birds——barely flap their wings at all while flying. Instead, they use rising air currents to remain in the air for hours.The Andean condor is the world’s largest soaring bird. They can weigh up to 15 kilograms. Their wings, when spread out, measure up to three meters. Their main food source is the meat of large animals which have died. Soaring high in the sky allows condors to easily spot possible meals on the ground.Scientists worked together to study the flight patterns of these huge birds and how much effort the birds use when flying. To study the birds while they were in the sky, the researchers attached special devices which could record every beat of their wings.The scientists learned that most of the condors’ flapping— over 75%— came when the birds were taking off. Once in the sky, the birds flew for very long periods of time without flapping at all. In fact, they only flapped their wings for 1% of the time they were in the air. One bird flew for over five hours without flapping, covering nearly 117miles.Soaring without flapping is important because birds bum energy every time they flap their wings.The birds’ soaring isn’t magic. They use the fact that hot air rises to keep themselves up. As hot air rises, it often creates “thermals”— currents of warm air moving upward. The condors soar by making use of these thermals. The tricky part is finding thermals and moving between them.When birds are forced to land and take off again often, it costs them a lot of energy. The researchers learned that to avoid having to land, the condors did most of their non-take-off flapping when they were closer to the ground and looking for a new thermal.The scientists reported that even though all of the condors they studied were young, they knew well how to take advantage of the air currents.4. What can we learn about the Andean condor from the text?A. They live mairly on small animals.B. Their wingspan is at least three meters.C. They rely on hot air to remain high in the sky.D. They are the birds with the strongest flying ability.5. Why was the equipment tied to the birds?A. To measure how far they could fly without flapping.B. To keep track of how often they flapped while flying.C. To calculate the energy required for their flight.D. To confirm their flight patterns.6. Which of the following acts consumes the most energy for a condor?A. Hunting for food.B. Flying in the sky.C. Getting off the ground.D. Landing on the ground.7. What can we infer from the text?A. Condors flap the most when looking for a new thermal.B. No condor can fly for more than five hours without flapping.C. Condors don’t need to look for thermals when soaring in the sky.D. Soaring by using thermals is probably a natural ability of condors.CThe connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific research. Recent studies have found positive effects. A study conductedin Youngstown，Ohio，for example, discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime. In another，employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants.The engineers at the Massachusetts Instituteof Technology(MIT)have taken it a step further changing the actual composition of plants in order to get them to perform diverse，even unusual functions. These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when they’re short of water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater.＂We’re thinking about how we can engineer plants to replace functions of the things that we use every day,＂explained Michael Strano, a professor of chemical engineering at MIT.One of his latest projects has been to make plants glow(发光)in experiments using some common vegetables. Strano’s team found that they could create a faint light for three-and-a-half hours. The light，aboutone-thousandth of the amount needed to read by，is just a start. The technology, Strano said, could one day be used to light the rooms or even to turn trees into self-powered street lamps.In the future，the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be sprayed onto plant leaves in a one-off treatment that would last the plant’s lifetime. The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off＂switch＂where the glow would fade when exposed to daylight.Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US. Since lighting is often far removed from the power source(电源)-such as the distance from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highway-a lot of energy is lost during transmission(传输).Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy.8. What is the first paragraph mainly about?A. A new study of different plants.B. A big fall in crime rates.C. Employees from various workplaces.D. Benefits from green plants.9. What is the function of the sensors printed on plant leaves by MIT engineer?A. To detect plants’ lack of waterB. To change compositions of plantsC. To make the life of plants longer.D. To test chemicals in plants.10. What can we expect of the glowing plants in the future?A. They will speed up energy production.B. They may transmit electricity to the home.C. They might help reduce energy consumption.D. They could take the place of power plants.11. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. Can we grow more glowing plants?B. How do we live with glowing plants?C. Could glowing plants replace lamps?D. How are glowing plants made pollution-free?DWhen I was a boy, there was but one permanent ambition among my comrades in our village on the west bank of Mississippi River. That was, to be a steamboat man. We had temporary ambitions of other sorts, but they were only temporary.My father was a justice of the peace, and I supposed he possessed the power of life and death over all men and could hang anybody that offended him. This was distinction enough for me as a general thing；butthe desire to be a steamboat man kept intruding, nevertheless. One of our boys in town, who went away and was not heard of for-a long time, turned up as apprentice engineer on a steamboat. This thing shook the bottom out of all my Sunday—school teachings. That boy was notoriously worldly, and I was just the opposite. There was nothing generous about this fellow in his greatness. He would always manage to have a rusty nail to scrub while his boat stopped at our town, and he would sit on the inside guard and scrub it, where we could all see him. And wherever his boat was laid up he would come home and show off in the town in his blackest and greasiest clothes, so that nobody could help remembering that he was a steamboat man; and he used all sorts of steamboat technical terms in his talk, as if he were so used to them that he forgot common people could not understand them.This creature's career could produce but one result, and it was speedily followed. Boy after boy managed to get on the river. Despite many choices, pilot was the grandest position of all. The pilot, even in those days of trivial wages, had a princely salary—from 150—250 dollars a month, and no board payment.But our parents would not let us and our worry was the next year would find us hunting for jobs with low pay again. So by and by I ran away. I said I never would come home again till I was a pilot and could come in glory.12. Why does the writer mention his father's job in Paragraph 2?A. To show that his father was in power.B. To show that his father is cruel.C. To emphasize the job he prefers.D. To emphasize his love for his father.13. Which of the following can best conclude the writer's attitude toward the boy?A. He thought the boy was material but pitiful.B. He thought the boy was annoying but still envied him.C. He thought the boy was shallow but knowledgeable.D. He thought the boy was disrespectful but still liked him.14. Which of the following statements is Not True?A. The boy talked in a way to make others feel jealous.B. The boy's experience made other boys follow suit.C. The pilot's salary was ly high but without meals covered.D. The writer was ambitious to make his childhood dream come true.15. What rhetorical method does the underlined sentence have?A. Simile.B. Personification.C. Parallelism.D. Irony.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

广东省汕尾市陆丰市博美中学高三英语模拟试卷含解析一、选择题1. A forest is usually found heavy rainfall is frequent.A. in whichB. whichC.where `D. that参考答案：C略2. --- What do you think made Mar upset?--- _______ her new bicycle.A. As she lostB. LostC. LosingD. Because of losing参考答案：C3. I am afraid I’m not ____ to help with the talent show, for I am fully occupied with my own project.A. reliableB. convenientC. availableD. admirable参考答案：C4. The majority of rural migrants are engaged in the most painstaking, most tiring and dangerous work, _______ college graduates are reluctant to do.A. whileB. thatC. whatD. which参考答案：D5. Don’t more work than you can do or you will break down．A. take off B．take over C．take in D．take on参考答案：10. D 考查动词词组辨析。

take off 表示“起飞，脱掉”；take over 表示“接管”； take in 则表示“吸收，欺骗”；take on 表示“承担”，符合语意，故选D。

略6. Chinese people's spending on overseas trips ______ year by year．（）A．had risen B．rise C．is rising D．rose参考答案：C句意：国人在海外旅行的开销逐年增长．本题中时间状语是year by year，表达"逐年"的意思，逐年增长，这是一个现在持续进行的过程，同时spending 翻译成开销，是不可数名词，选择现在进行时的单数形式，故选C．7. all the poor in the world enjoy a Merry Christmas as we do!A．Wish B．May C．Hope D．If only参考答案：B8. I’m hoping that John will let us have the car tonight; __________, I’m afraid we won’t be able to go out.A. even ifB. if soC. what ifD. if not参考答案：D9. —What would you like to eat here?— _____ but spaghetti , which is not to my taste.A. AnythingB. NothingC. SomethingD. Everything参考答案：A10. The Hong Kong–Zhuhai–Macau Bridge (HZMB), is a 55-kilometre bridge–tunnel system______ of cable-stayed bridges, an undersea tunnel, and four artificial islands.A. consistedB. having consistedC. consistingD. being consisted参考答案：C【详解】考查固定词组和现在分词作后置定语。

广东省汕尾市河西镇中学2022年高三英语模拟试题含解析一、选择题1. ---Is the chemistry experiment easy?---______. I’ll just do my best.A. I think soB. CertainlyC. Not a littleD. Anything but参考答案：D2. Though _______ to see us, the professor gave us a warm welcome.A. confusingB. was confusedC. confusedD. being confused参考答案：C3. -- May I play soccer now, mum?-- No. I’d rather you _________. You _________ finish your homework first.A. wouldn’t; mustB. didn’t; shallC. w on’t; shallD. didn’t; will参考答案：B4. If everyone continues to keep the street clean and tidy, it won't be long_ Baoding becomes a most beautiful city．A． before B． until C．since D． when 参考答案：A5. —Hi, Emily. I enjoyed so much at your party last night.—________.A. Oh, that’s kind of you.B. I’m glad to hear thatC. It’s my pleasureD. Oh, you must be kidding参考答案：6. To enjoy the scenery in Canada, Sara would spend long hours on the train __ travel by air.A. more thanB. other thanC. instead ofD. rather than参考答案：D略7. We now live in world in which robots take over much of the workA、the；不填B、a；不填C、a; theD、the; the参考答案：B8. There is argument on the spreading easy access to Internet.A.不填，theB.an;theC.the;anD.the;不填参考答案：B略9. She _____ with the symphony orc hestra three times this season.A. playedB. has playedC. has been playingD. is playing参考答案：B10. ----Look! Somebody ________ the sofa.----Well, it wasn’t me. I didn’t do it.A. is cleaningB. was cleaningC. has cleanedD. had cleaned参考答案：C20. I ______ the poor rabbit, but I didn’t have the right drugs with me at that moment.A. savedB. had savedC. could saveD. could have saved参考答案：略12. —Mr Johnson, _______ a second chance, I will finish the task as planned.—OK, don’t let me down this time.A. givingB. givenC. to giveD. give 参考答案：B考察过去分词作状语。