RussianHighway

TRANSPOWORLD 2012 No.22 (Nov)140TRAFFIC ENGINEERING交通工程提高路面标线质量目前国内提高路面标线质量、功能和耐久性，主要是从以下几个方面着手：①保证拨付给路面标线的费用；②建立标准的标线生产基地；③每个季度应对路面标线用相应材料重新亮化；④增加塑性标线材料（热塑或冷塑）的使用比例；⑤认真选定标线的材料、工艺，包括消耗量等；⑥对各种标线材料进行野外现场试验比较，选定材料和工艺时要考虑地域、路面类型和营运条件。

⑦敦促交通管理部门购置现代化机具设备和检测仪器，控制施工质量；⑧将路面标线材料、标线样式纳入到交通管理部门的统一规划之下，考虑采用各种先进的技术手段；⑨第三方检测单位介入，对路面标线全寿命内的质量进行检控。

遗憾的是，这些问题很难得到满意的解决。

官方统计指出，与道路标线有关的交通事故占到总数25%的以上。

应该承认，路面标线的质量问题的确存在。

尤其在冬天，地面标线画好了，也进行了冬季养护。

即使这样，经过一个冬天后，其功能指标也会下降，首先是它的光亮程度。

路面标线的缺陷明显表现在高等级公路上，主要指标是它的“反光系数”不符合要求，而在大多数低等级公路上，由于它不是一项主要指标，所以这样的缺陷似乎不太突出。

尽管如此，却仍然大大增加了交通事故率。

新型结构型标线和压挤型标线这是一种和传统标线不同的新型标线，已经成功地应用在俄罗斯的公路标线上。

这种标线结构稳定，图形多姿多彩，是一种极具竞争力的标线形式。

和传统的光面地面标线的主要区别，一是结构，二是外形。

这些图案有一些基本元素组成，通过不同的元素组合，可以得到各种各样的标线。

图1列出了其中的一部分。

图中可见，标线具有各种各样的图案（杂乱无规则的、方形的、圆形的、点状的、梳型的）。

这些标线不但可以改变平面尺寸和形状，还可以在高度上做文章，形成立体图案。

压挤型的立体标线的特点是经过某一段距离布置一个凸起物，它的密度、尺寸、外形可以不同，但在标线宽度内的面积中要填满。

07.04；Поофициальнымданным,ситу；据官方统计，俄罗斯的失业状况较为乐观；1.5％；07.05；Сегодняуровеньскрытойбез；俄罗斯联邦国民经济和国家行政学院的副院长萨夫诺夫；07.06；Опрос,проведенныйкомпани；民调显示，45%的英国公民赞成欧洲一体化，44%；07.07；ПословаПоофициальнымданным, ситуациясбезработицейвстранеостаетсяболееилименееблагополучной. Набиржетрудазарегистрированоменее 1,5% экономическиактивногонаселения. Однакоэкспертывидятбыстрыйростскрытойизамаскированнойбезработицы. СегодняпочтитретьэкономическиактивногонаселенияРФнаходитсявактивномпоискедополнительногоприработка. Астрахпотерятьработувходитвтройкуосновныхбеспокойствроссиян.据官方统计，俄罗斯的失业状况较为乐观。

劳动市场登记在册的具有劳动能力的人口低于1.5％。

但是专家们注意到潜在隐性失业的急速增长。

如今俄罗斯约三分之一的有劳动能力的人在竭力寻求赚取外快的机会。

失业恐慌已成为俄罗斯人最为关注的三大问题之一。

07.05СегодняуровеньскрытойбезработицывРоссиивтриразавыше, чемвкризисном 2009 году, замечаетпроректорРАНХиГСАлександрСафонов. ?Вбольшейстепениподвергаетсясокращениюиоптимизациисамыйустойчивыйкомпонентнашейэкономики–крупныйпромышленныйсектор. Одновременнопроисходитпадениечисленностизанятыхвсреднембизнесе, которыйвопределеннойстепенимогбывзятьнасебярешениезадачирассасываниябезработицы?, –объясняетСафонов.俄罗斯联邦国民经济和国家行政学院的副院长萨夫诺夫指出，目前俄罗斯的隐性失业率比2009年经济危机时期增长了3倍。

俄罗斯主要旅游经典单词翻译Государственная Третьяковская галерея特列季亚科夫画廊冬宫Зимний дворец圣彼得保罗大教堂Петропавловский собор (официальноеназвание —собор во имя первоверховных апостолов Петра и Павла)彼得宫Петродворец彼得大帝夏宫Летний дворец Петра I艾尔米塔什博物馆Государственный Эрмитаж в Санкт-Петербурге斯莫尔尼宫Дворец Смольный彼得保罗要塞Петропавловская Крепость阿芙乐尔”巡洋舰Крейсер "Аврора"海军部大厦Здание Главного штаба (Санкт-Петербург)十二月党人广场Площадь декабристов伊萨基耶夫斯基大教堂Исаакиевский собор喀山大教堂Казанский соборГород Пушкин普希金城叶卡捷琳娜宫Дворец Екатерины彼得大帝青铜骑士塑像Медный всадник Петра I红场Красная площадь萨哥斯基古城загорск (现名Сергиев Посад,1919年前—Сергиевский посад, Сергиев посад, 1919年—1930年—Сергиев,1930年—1991年—Загорск, 自1991年起—Сергиев Посад）新少女修道院Новодевичий монастырь契诃夫故居博物馆Дом-музей А. П. Чехова圣母玛利亚圣诞女修道院Богородице-Рождественскийставропигиальный женский монастырь克里姆林宫武器库Арсенал (Цейхгауз) Московского Кремля高尔基故居博物馆Музей-квартира Максима Горького莫斯科河Москва-река莫斯科国家历史博物馆Московский государственный исторический музей莫斯科大学Московский Государственный университет克里姆林宫Кремль列宁墓Мавзолей Владимира Ленина普希金博物馆Государственный музей Александра Пушкина普希金广场Площадь Пушкина莫斯科地铁Метро Москвы莫斯科大剧院Большой театр托尔斯泰庄园博物馆Музей-усадьба Л. Н. Толстого "Ясная Поляна"钟王Царь Колокол伊凡大帝钟楼Колокольня Ивана Великого亚历山大花园Александровский сад新圣女公墓Новодевичье кладбище无名烈士墓Могила неизвестного солдата - Вечный огонь卫国战争纪念馆Центральный музей Великой Отечественной войны瓦西里大教堂Собор Василия Блаженного斯巴斯克塔楼Спаска башня圣母升天大教堂Успенский собор--собор во имя Успения Пресвятой Богородицы胜利广场Площадь победы前苏联国民经济成就展览中心центр ВДНХ бывшего Советского Союза (Всероссийского выставочного центра , ВВЦ)炮王Царь Пушка哥尔克列宁故居Дом-музей В. И. Ленина в Горках列宁山观景台Смотровая площадка Ленинских гор (现名Смотровая площадкя Воробьёвых гор)老阿尔巴特街Старая улица Арбат莫斯科凯旋门Триумфальная арка、救世主大教堂Храм Христа Спасителя古姆国立百货商场государственный универмаг (ГУМ)彼得一世纪念碑Памятник Петру Первом伏尔加河Волга妈妈耶夫山岗Мамаев курган巴普洛夫大楼дом павлова黑海Чёрное мореКрасная площадь红场。

Introduction to the Xinjiang Russian-Style BridgeNestled in the heart of Xinjiang, China, stands a bridge that encapsulates the rich cultural heritage and historical ties between Russia and the region - the Xinjiang Russian-Style Bridge. This remarkable structure, a testament to the blending of Eastern and Western influences, offers a glimpse into the unique cultural exchange that has flourished in Xinjiang over the centuries.The Xinjiang Russian-Style Bridge, often referred to as the "Friendship Bridge," is a testament to the enduring friendship between China and Russia. It spans the wide Urumqi River, connecting the old city of Urumqi with its bustling modern counterpart. The bridge, with its distinctive Russian-inspired architecture, is a popular attraction for both locals and tourists alike, offering a picture-perfect blend of traditional and contemporary elements.The bridge's design is a testament to the skilled craftsmanship and attention to detail. With its elegant arches and intricate ornamentation, it evokes a sense of nostalgia for the Russian Empire's influence in the region. The use of traditional Russian motifs and design elements, such as the intricate carvings and decorative railings, further enhances the bridge's aesthetic appeal.The history of the Xinjiang Russian-Style Bridge dates back to the early 20th century, when the region was under the influence of the Russian Empire. During this period, many Russian immigrants settled in Xinjiang, bringing with them their culture, traditions, and skills. The bridge, which was constructed during this time, was a symbol of the strong bond between the two nations and a testament to the cultural exchange that flourished between them.Today, the Xinjiang Russian-Style Bridge remains a significant cultural landmark, attracting visitors from all over the world. It serves not only as a vital transport link but also as a symbol of the rich cultural heritage and historical ties between China and Russia. The bridge offers a unique perspective into the融合of Eastern and Western cultures, highlighting the diverse and vibrant nature of Xinjiang's cultural landscape.In conclusion, the Xinjiang Russian-Style Bridge is a remarkable structure that encapsulates the rich cultural heritage and historical ties between China and Russia. Its distinctive architecture and深厚的历史background make it a popular attraction for both locals and tourists alike. It offers a glimpse into the unique cultural exchange that has flourished in Xinjiang over the centuries, serving as a testament to the enduring friendship between the two nations.新疆俄罗斯风情桥简介位于新疆中心地带的新疆俄罗斯风情桥，是一座融合东西方文化、展现中俄深厚友谊的标志性建筑。

探索俄罗斯的魅力：英文版旅游计划**Introduction**Russia, a vast country with a rich history and culture, offers a unique travel experience to visitors from all over the world. From its majestic cities to its breathtaking natural landscapes, Russia has something for everyone. Here is an English-language travel plan for exploring the best of Russia.**Day 1: Moscow**Begin your journey in the capital city, Moscow. Start your day with a visit to the Kremlin, the heart of the Russian Empire, and admire its beautiful cathedrals and palaces. Then, head to Red Square, a popular tourist destination where you can see St. Basil's Cathedral and the State Historical Museum. In the evening, enjoy atraditional Russian dinner at a local restaurant and try some delicious dishes like red caviar and bliny.**Day 2: Moscow**On your second day in Moscow, visit the Tretyakov Gallery, one of the largest art galleries in the world,housing a collection of Russian art. In the afternoon, explore the Cathedral of Christ the Saviour, a beautiful Orthodox cathedral that offers stunning views of the city. In the evening, enjoy a performance at the famous Bolshoi Theatre.**Day 3: Saint Petersburg**Take a train or flight to Saint Petersburg, Russia's cultural capital. Upon arrival, visit the Hermitage Museum, one of the largest and most famous museums in the world, housing a collection of European art and artifacts. Then, take a stroll along the Neva River and admire the city's beautiful architecture. In the evening, enjoy a cruise on the river and see the city's landmarks illuminated.**Day 4: Saint Petersburg**On your fourth day in Saint Petersburg, visit the famous Cathedral of the Saviour on Spilled Blood, a beautiful Orthodox cathedral that overlooks the Neva River. Then, head to the Palace of the Grand Dukes, a magnificent palace that was once the residence of the Russian royal family. In the evening, attend a concert at the MariinskyTheatre, one of the most famous opera and ballet houses in the world.**Day 5: Golden Ring Cities**Leave Saint Petersburg and travel to the Golden Ring cities, a collection of ancient Russian cities that offer a glimpse into the country's rich history. Visit Suzdal, Vladimir, and Rostov Velikiy, and admire their beautiful churches and monasteries. Enjoy a traditional Russian lunch at a local restaurant and try some local dishes like pelmeni and solyanka.**Day 6: Sochi**Travel to Sochi, a city known for its beautiful beaches and stunning mountains. Spend the day relaxing on the beach or exploring the local markets. In the evening, enjoy a seafood dinner and try some local delicacies like crab and lobster.**Day 7: Volga River Cruise**End your trip with a cruise on the Volga River,Russia's longest river. During the cruise, you will pass through beautiful landscapes and visit interesting townsand villages. Enjoy a traditional Russian lunch on board and mingle with other cruise guests. In the evening, disembark at your final destination and bid farewell tothis amazing country.**Conclusion**Russia is a country that offers something for everyone, from its vibrant cities to its natural wonders. With this travel plan, you can explore the best of Russia and immerse yourself in its rich history and culture. So, pack your bags and embark on this exciting journey!**探索俄罗斯的魅力：英文版旅游计划****引言**俄罗斯，一个拥有丰富历史和文化的辽阔国家，为来自世界各地的游客提供了独特的旅游体验。

Russia travel guide Imperial styleRussia is located in Eastern Europe and Northern Asia, and most of its European territory is the East European plain. North of the Arctic Ocean, East is bordered by the Pacific Ocean, the Atlantic Ocean to the West, Northwest Baltic and Finland Bay. In this ancient Eastern European continent, have the most gorgeous colour–sky blue, snow white, construction of red, blue, yellow, pure air, broad plains.Russia is a sub-Arctic and temperate continental climate. Long cold winter and short and cool in the summer, spring and autumn season very short. Daytime temperature in the summer is unlikely, from20to30 ° c, within the territory of the winter temperatures from10 ° c to-50 ° c the wealth disparity is huge. 5months to 10months is Russia most ideal season for tourism. Summer in Russia will cool and ideal for summer holidays. In mid-September to early October despite the tourist high season, but a golden do not have some charm, tourist attractions, shopping venues are also greatly reduced, but also enjoy the Russia art show! Of course, the winter of Russia also has its unique charm, just walk in minus20degrees centigrade in Saint Petersburg streets,surrounded by Silver makeup snow, snow, snow like this, how could you not call people? And at this time was to go to Russia skiing and hunting opportunities.Physical geographyRussia is located in Eastern Europe and Northern Asia, and most of its European territory is the East European plain. Across Eurasia, East is bordered by the Pacific Ocean, the Baltic Sea to the West Finland Bay stuff up to9000km North-South width 4000km territory covering about1707. 54million square kilometers (Soviet territory covers an area of76%), is the territory's largest countries in the world. Land Northwest of neighbouring Norway, and Finland, on the West by Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and Poland, and Belarus, South West Ukraine, South Georgia, and Azerbaijan, and Kazakhstan, South-East of China, Mongolia and North Korea. East and Japan and the United States across the sea. Coastline33807km.ClimateRussia Most areas in North temperate climate diversity, dominated by temperate continental climate, but belongs to the boreal climate North of the Arctic circle. Temperature difference generally larger,1month average temperature is1° c-35°c,7month average temperature is11℃27℃。

桥梁建筑类的俄语词汇有哪些桥梁建筑类的俄语词汇有哪些引桥эстакада双层桥двухэтажныймост;двухъярусныймост吊桥;悬桥вивячиймост双线двухпутный(двухколейный)путь单孔桥;多跨桥однопролетныймост双层桥;铁路、公路两用桥двухэтажный(двухъярусный)железнодорожно-автомобильныймост桥梁建筑;桥梁工程мостостроение;мостовыесооружения桥门портал;главныйвход桥梁工程队мосовойстроительныйотряд;мостоотряд南京长江大桥БольшойНанкинскиймостчерезЯнцзы链桥цепноймост铁路公路两用桥железнодорожно-автомобильныймост公路桥автодорожныймост平桥горизонтальныймост拱桥арочныймост;сводчатыймост高架桥;栈桥;旱桥виадук人行桥пешеходныймост引桥подходкмосту双曲拱桥двухсводныйарочныймост花格梁桥;木桁架桥мостсосквознымифермами桥拱арка上弦;顶弦верхнийпояс(фермы)桥梁构架каркасмоста下弦нижнийпояс(фермы)主桁架;主构架главнаяферма撑架подпорка;распорка;подкос;стойка横梁поперечнаябалка;ригель系杆соединительнаяскрепа;связь桥面мостовойнастил结构点стык(двухбалок)桥边人行道пешеходныйтротуармоста抗风支撑(联杆)ветроваясвязь;ветровоекрепление桥头堡;桥塔периламоста铁路桥железнодорожныймост桥支座предмостноеукрепление;мостоваябашня避车台безопаснаяплощадканамостудляпропускапоезда桥墩устой;мостоваяопора岸墩бык;пилон;промежуточнаяопора水下桥墩береговаяопора;береговойбык冲击式钻机бурильнаямашинаударноготипа轻便桥упрощенныймост震动式打桩机вибрационныйкопер浮桥наплавной(понтонный;пловучий;плашкоутный)мост;понтон围堰водонепроницаемаяперемычка;кессондляподводныхработ筏桥мостнаплоту;плотовоймост桥墩破冰构造ледорез跨;跨距пролет(моста)桥拱арка灌入混凝土засыпатьбетон拱冠;拱顶свод;надеводнаяарка管柱钻孔法методбурениятрубчатыхколон拱跨арочныйпролет桥基钻桩забиваниесваймостовойнасыпи板桥досочныймост板梁桥мостсдеревяннымибалками架桥机мостоподъемнаямашина悬索桥подвестноймост。

游口皆碑RecommendedCopyright©博看网. All Rights Reserved.JOURNEY AHEAD 14JOURNEY AHEAD 15阿根廷·40号国家公路南美洲最美的一条景观之路，也是全世界最长的公路之一。

全长超过4900公里，由南至北沿着安第斯山脉，贯穿除了火地岛以外的整个阿根廷西部。

沿路穿过大大小小的湖泊、国家公园以及高山，全程包含约200座桥梁。

这条公路不仅因它的风光壮丽，而且也因为切格瓦拉23岁时骑着诺顿500从这段公路走过，并写下了《骑士日记》，后来被改编为电影，从而吸引了世界各地的自驾者们，尤其是摩托车行者。

ArgentinaCopyright©博看网. All Rights Reserved.JOURNEY AHEAD 16游口皆碑Recommended罗马尼亚·天空之路Transfgran路又被称为“天空之路”，是罗马尼亚最高最有戏剧性的铺设公路，因为它在全国境内最高的山峰上曲折回旋。

这条公路包含了5条隧道、27座高架桥和831条小桥，垂直高度达到约1.6公里，相当挑战驾驶者的心跳。

2009年，英国疯狂汽车秀把这条公路评为“世界最佳道路”，同时称之为“黑暗之心”。

游客可停留参观有700年历史波奈里古堡遗迹，这也是《德拉库拉》里吸血鬼主人公的住所。

美国·蓝岭公路从开普敦一直向东延伸至伊丽莎白港，全程超过500公里，是南非最著名的风景之一。

这条一级海滨公路几乎穿越了南非最美丽的印度洋沿岸地区。

湖泊、峡谷、海滩、悬崖峭壁和茂密原始森林与道路并行伸展，还有让人难忘的海滨小镇，美景令人目不暇接。

莫塞尔港、乔治、美丽的克尼斯纳和国家公园之一的原野、普莱腾贝格湾、齐齐卡马海岸国家公园是主要观光景点。

美国东部一条著名的山区风景区路线，全长约755公里，从美国北加州的大烟雾山国家公园(Great Smoky Mountains National Park)一直延伸到弗吉尼亚州的雪兰多国家公园(Shenandoah National Park)。

新东⽅快车体验世界最长的铁路，欣赏沿途美景……对于海陆空交通越来越发达的现代，很多⼈对乘⽕车旅⾏也许已经没有什么新鲜感了，但是没有什么交通⽅式会⽐乘⽕车旅⾏更能够兼顾性价⽐、舒适稳定、安全的同时还能仔细欣赏美景了。

想象你坐在温暖的车厢⾥，⼿捧⼀杯咖啡，坐在窗前，欣赏着窗外的美景，绕过峡⾕、攀登群⼭、穿越荒漠......如果是在⽕车上度过这样的⼀段惬意的旅程，想必⼀定是难忘的。

今天就带领⼤家来见识下⼈类如何⽤世界上最成熟的出⾏⽅式--⽕车来征服⾃然！新东⽅快车·饱览俄罗斯全景15⽇游出发⽇期：9⽉4⽇ 9⽉16⽇价格：16900元起/⼈第⼀天9⽉4⽇在旅途中，您永远都是青春18统⼀集合。

乘旅游⼤巴车前往哈尔滨国际机场。

乘航班飞机赴莫斯科。

（时间及航班待定）第⼆天9⽉5⽇莫斯科郊外的晚上，我与您邂逅……早餐后游览莫斯科中⼼⼴场⾰命胜地-红场，原苏联巡礼地—列宁墓(外观约15分钟)、圣⽡西⾥升天⼤教堂（外观，约30分钟）、克⾥姆林宫（⼊内，约1.5⼩时，如遇政府有活动会临时关闭，不含珍宝馆和兵器博物馆）曾是俄国沙皇的皇宫，现是俄罗斯总统普京及国家领导⼈的办公地点，享有“世界第⼋奇景”的美誉、新圣⼥公墓—欧洲三⼤公墓之⼀，这⾥安息着契诃夫，叶利钦等全世界闻名的政治家，⽂学家、⽆名烈⼠墓（约10分钟）、亚历⼭⼤花园（约10分钟）、俄罗斯最⼤的百货商店—古姆百货、莫斯科最负盛名的相当于王府井的阿尔巴特⼤街，它称之为“莫斯科的精灵”。

乘车前往列宁⼭上的莫斯科⼤学（外观约15分钟）-俯瞰莫斯科全景（约20分钟）第三天9⽉6⽇旅⾏的乐趣，等于距离的⼆次⽅，⾛的愈远风景愈美早餐后参观俄罗斯全民经济展览中⼼公园，游览卡罗明斯克庄园—被誉为俄罗斯的“颐和园”，晚乘新东⽅快车旅游列车赴圣彼得堡。

第四天9⽉7⽇翻开历史的画卷，掀开叶卡捷琳娜⼥皇的神秘⾯纱早抵圣彼得堡，早餐后参观狮⾝⼈⾯像、⽡西⾥岛古港⼝灯塔、参观彼得保罗要塞（⼊内，约40分钟，教堂和监狱除外）。

俄罗斯旅游英语作文As the largest country in the world, Russia offers a tapestry of diverse cultures, histories, and landscapes that beckon to the adventurous traveler. My recent trip to Russia was aneye-opening experience, one that took me from the bustling streets of Moscow to the serene beauty of Lake Baikal, and everywhere in between.Upon arriving in Moscow, the first thing that struck me was the grandeur of the city's architecture. The Kremlin, a fortress at the heart of the city, stands as a testament to Russia's rich history and power. Its red-brick walls and golden-domed cathedrals are a sight to behold. As I wandered through the Red Square, I couldn't help but be awestruck by the iconic Saint Basil's Cathedral, with its colorful, whimsical design that seems to have stepped out of a fairy tale.Leaving Moscow, I embarked on a train journey to St. Petersburg, a city that is often referred to as the cultural capital of Russia. The Hermitage Museum was a highlight, housing an extensive collection of art that spans centuries and continents. The Winter Palace, now part of the museum, is a masterpiece of Baroque architecture and a treasure trove of artistic heritage.One of the most memorable parts of my trip was the visit to the Trans-Siberian Railway, which is not just a mode oftransportation but a journey in itself. The train winds its way through vast expanses of forests, rivers, and mountains, offering a glimpse into the remote and rugged beauty of Siberia. The experience was both humbling and exhilarating, as I watched the landscape change from the comfort of mytrain carriage.No trip to Russia would be complete without experiencing its rich literary and musical traditions. In the evenings, I attended performances at the Bolshoi Theatre and the Mariinsky Theatre, where the ballet and opera were simply mesmerizing. The passion and talent of the performers were evident in every note and movement, and it was clear that the arts play a central role in Russian culture.Culinary exploration was another delight during my travels. I sampled a variety of traditional Russian dishes, from the hearty borscht soup to the delicate blini crepes, and of course, the ubiquitous pirozhki, a type of stuffed pastrythat is a street food favorite. The flavors were robust and the meals were always satisfying, reflecting the warmth and hospitality of the Russian people.My journey through Russia was not just a physical one but a cultural and historical one as well. The country's vastness and diversity are mirrored in its people, its arts, and its landscapes. As I boarded my flight back home, I was filled with a sense of wonder and a newfound appreciation for this enigmatic and captivating nation.In conclusion, Russia is a country that demands to beexplored, not just for its famous landmarks but for the depth of its culture and the warmth of its people. It is a place where history is alive, where nature is unspoiled, and where every corner holds a story waiting to be discovered. For anyone seeking a travel experience that is rich in beauty, history, and adventure, Russia is an ideal destination.。