当前位置:文档之家› 愚溪诗序原文及翻译

愚溪诗序原文及翻译

愚溪诗序原文及翻译
愚溪诗序原文及翻译

愚溪诗序

柳宗元

原文:

灌水之阳有溪焉,东流入于潇水。或日:冉氏尝居也,故姓是溪为冉溪。或日:可以染也,名之以其能,故谓之染溪。予以愚触罪,谪潇水上。爱是溪,入二三里,得其尤绝者家焉。古有愚公谷,今予家,而名莫能定,土之居者犹龂龂(yi n yi n)然,不可以不更也,故更之为愚溪。

愚溪之上,买小丘为愚丘。自愚丘东北行六十步,得泉焉,又买居之,为愚泉。愚泉凡六穴,皆出山下平地,盖上出也,合流屈曲而南为愚沟。遂负土累石,塞其隘,为愚池。愚池之东为愚堂。其南为愚亭。池之中为愚岛。嘉木异石错置,皆山水之奇者,以予故,咸以愚辱焉。

夫水,智者乐也。今是溪独见辱于愚,何哉?盖其流甚下,不可以灌溉;又峻急多小的高地、石,大舟不可入也。幽邃浅狭,蛟龙不屑,不能兴云雨。无以利世,而适类于予。然则虽辱而愚之,可也。

宁武子“邦无道则愚”,智而为愚者也;颜子终日不违如愚”,睿(r ui)而为愚者也。皆不得为真愚。今予遭有道,而违于理,悖于事,故凡为愚者莫我若也。夫然,则天下莫能争是溪,予得专而名焉。

溪虽莫利于世,而善鉴万类,清莹秀澈,锵鸣金石,能使愚者喜笑眷慕,乐而不能去也。予虽不合于俗,亦颇以文墨自慰,漱涤万物,牢笼百态,而无所避之。以愚辞歌愚溪,则茫然而不违,昏然而同归。超鸿蒙,混希夷,寂寥而莫我知也。于是作《八愚诗》,纪于溪石上。

注释:

1.谪(zhé)潇水上

2.犹龂龂(yín yín)然

3.不可以不更(gēng)

4.也遂负土累(lěi)

5.石、塞(sāi)

6.其隘(ài)

7.智者乐(yào)也

8.又峻急多坻(chí)

9.石幽邃(suì)浅狭

10.不能兴(xīng)云雨

愚溪诗序翻译:

灌水的北面有一条小溪,向东流入潇水。有人说:姓冉的人家曾住在这里,所以用这姓来称这溪叫“冉溪”。也有人说:这条溪可用来染布,根据它的功能来命名,所以称呼它“染溪”。我因为愚蠢而犯罪,被贬谪到潇水一带。我喜爱这条溪,沿溪向上二三里路,选择了这风景特别奇艳的地方安了家。古代有愚公谷,现在我在这条溪边安了家,而且溪名也没有谁能最终确定,当地人还在为此争论不休,不能不替它改个名字,所以我更改它的名字叫“愚溪”。

我在愚溪的上游,买下一座小土丘叫做愚丘。从愚丘向东北走六十步,发现一处泉水,我又买下它,并住在那里,称作愚泉。愚泉共有六个泉眼,它的水源都出自山下的平地,原来是向上涌出来的,它们合流在一起蜿蜒盘曲地向南流去,这便是愚沟。于是背来泥土,堆垒起石块,堵住它狭窄的地方,这便成了愚池。愚池的东面是愚堂。它的南面是愚亭。愚池的中央是愚岛。好的树木与奇异的山石交错排列着,都是奇异的山水,因为我的缘故,都用“愚”来让它们蒙受侮辱。

水,是聪明人所喜爱的。现在这条溪只能蒙受愚笨的耻辱,为什么呢?大概是它的水位太低,不能用来灌溉;又因水流湍急,水中有很多小的高地和石头,大的船只不能进来。溪流幽远而又水浅面窄,蛟龙对它也不屑一顾,不能在此兴云布雨。没有什么可以用来造福世人,而这点正好跟我相似。既是这样,那么即使侮辱它,认为它愚,也是可以的。

宁武子在“国家政治黑暗时,就装得很愚笨”,那是聪明人装出糊涂的样子;颜回在听孔子谈“话时“整天只是听从,从不提出不同的见解,好像很愚笨”,那是聪明人显露出愚笨的样子。他们都不能算真正的愚笨。现在我遇上清明的世道,却违背常理,不通世事,所以凡是称为愚笨的人没有一个人像我这样真愚的。这样,那么天下没有谁能同我争这条溪了,我能独占它并给它定名了。

愚溪虽然对社会没有什么好处,可是善于鉴察天地万物。溪水清净明亮,秀美澄澈,水声像金石相碰一样铿锵地鸣响,能让我喜悦,开心,眷恋,倾慕,快乐得不想离开。我虽然与世俗不合拍,也颇能以写文章来安慰自己,我描写过的万物,像洗涤过—样,能概括各种形态,无论什么形状都逃不过我的笔端。用我愚昧的诗歌歌唱愚溪,就茫茫然却与愚溪不相背离,昏昏然与愚溪找到了同样的归宿。我的精神超越于自然,融合于虚寂玄妙的境界,

在寂寞无声中却忘记了我自己。于是,我写了《八愚诗》,并把它刻记在溪边的山石上。愚溪诗序赏析:

这是一篇序言形式的优秀的游记散文。全文以“愚”为眼,先写愚溪得名的缘由,再写嘉木异石、山水之奇都是真愚,莫利于世,自况受贬谪的不平和愤懑。最后以“溪虽莫利于世,而善鉴万类清莹透澈”,使愚者“乐而不能去”,表明自己虽遭屈辱而守志不移的坚强性格。

全文既寄情于景,托物言志,发议论先抑后扬,含蓄幽默,耐人寻味。

结构分析愚溪诗序染溪改名为愚溪的缘由

嘉木异石山水之奇愚丘愚泉愚沟

愚池愚堂愚亭愚岛以予故,咸以愚辱焉

无以利世适类于余(先抑)不可灌溉

本文转载来自我爱学习网https://www.doczj.com/doc/7914707095.html,/wenyanwen/gaozhong/5100.html

文心雕龙_神思_翻译

《文心雕龙·神思》原文及翻译 (一) 古人云1:“形在江海之上,心存魏阙之下。”2神思之谓也3。文之思也,其神远矣。故寂然凝虑,思接千载;悄焉动容4,视通万里。吟咏之间5,吐纳珠玉之声;眉睫之前6,卷舒风云之色:其思理之致乎7!故思理为妙,神与物游8。神居胸臆9,而志气统其关键10;物沿耳目,而辞令管其枢机11。枢机方通12,则物无隐貌;关键将塞13,则神有遁心14。是以陶钧文思15,贵在虚静,疏瀹五藏16,澡雪精神17。积学以储宝18,酌理以富才19,研阅以穷照20,驯致以怿辞21。然后使玄解之宰22,寻声律而定墨23;独照之匠24,窥意象而运斤25。此盖驭文之首术26,谋篇之大端27。夫神思方运,万涂竞萌28;规矩虚位29,刻镂无形30。登山则情满于山31,观海则意溢于海;我才之多少,将与风云而并驱矣。方其搦翰32,气倍辞前33;暨乎篇成34,半折心始35。何则?意翻空而易奇36,言征实而难巧也37。是以意授于思,言授于意;密则无际38,疏则千里39。或理在方寸40,而求之域表41;或义在咫尺42,而思隔山河。是以秉心养术43,无务苦虑44;含章司契45,不必劳情也46。 〔译文〕 古人曾说:“有的人身在江湖,心神却系念着朝廷。”这里说的就是精神上的活动。作家写作时的构思,他的精神活动也是无边无际的。所以当作家静静地思考的时候,他可以联想到千年之前;而在他的容颜隐隐地有所变化的时候,他已观察到万里之外去了。作家在吟哦推敲之中,就像听到了珠玉般悦耳的声音;当他注目凝思,眼前就出现了风云般变幻的景色:这就是构思的效果啊!由此可见,构思的妙处,是在使作家的精神与物象融会贯通。精神蕴藏在内心,却为人的情志和气质所支配;外物接触到作者的耳目,主要是靠优美的语言来表达。如果语言运用得好,那么事物的形貌就可完全刻划出来;若是支配精神的关键有了阻塞,那么精神就不能集中了。因此,在进行构思的时候,必须做到沉寂宁静,思考专一,使内心通畅,精神净化。为了做好构思工作,首先要认真学习来积累自己的知识,其次要辨明事理来丰富自己的才华,再次要参考自己的生活经验来获得对事物的彻底理解,最后要训练自己的情致来恰切地运用文辞。这样才能使懂得深奥道理的心灵,探索写作技巧来定绳墨;正如一个有独到见解的工匠,根据想象中的样子来运用工具一样。这是写作的主要手法,也是考虑全篇布局时必须注意的要点。在作家开始构思时,无数的意念都涌上心头;作家要对这些抽象的意念给以具体的形态,把尚未定形的事物都精雕细刻起来。作家一想到登山,脑中便充满着山的秀色;一想到观海,心里便洋溢着海的奇景。不管作者才华的多少,他的构思都可以随着流风浮云而任意驰骋。在刚拿起笔来的时候,旺盛的气势大大超过文辞本身;等到文章写成的时候,比起开始所想的要打个对折。为什么呢?因为文意出于想象,所以容易出色;但语言比较实在,所以不易见巧。由此可见,文章的内容来自作者的思想,而语言又受内容的支配。如果结合得密切,就如天衣无缝,否则就会远隔千里。有时某些道理就在自己心里,却反而到天涯去搜求;有时某些意思本来就在跟前,却又像隔着山河似的。所以要驾驭好自己的心灵,锻炼好写作的方法,而无须苦思焦虑;应掌握好写作的规则,而不必过分劳累自己的心情。 〔注释〕 1古人:指战国时魏国的公子牟。他的话载《庄子·让王》:“中山公子牟谓瞻子曰:‘身在江海之上,心居乎魏阙之下,奈何!’” 2“形在”二句:原指身在江湖,心在朝廷。这里借喻文学创作的构思活动。魏阙(què却):指朝廷。魏:高大。 3神思:宗炳《画山水序》:“圣贤映于绝代,万趣融其神思。”(《全宋文》卷二十) 4悄(qiǎo巧):静寂。 5“吟咏”二句:指作家刚沉吟构思,文章尚未写成,可是在作家心目中,好像已听到那篇未来作品的音节铿锵了。吐纳:发出。 6睫(jié节):眼毛。 7致:达到。 8神与物游:指作者的精神与外物的形象密切结合,一起活动。 9胸臆:指内心。臆:胸。 10志气:作者主观的情志、气质。统:率领,管理。 11辞令:动听的言语。枢机:指主要部分。《周易·系辞上》:“言行,君子之枢机,枢机之发,荣辱之主也。”孔颖达疏: “枢,谓户枢;机,谓弩牙。言户枢之转, 或明或暗;弩牙之发,或中或否,犹言行之 动,从身而发,以及于物,或是或非也。” 12枢机:这里指“辞令”。 13关键:这里指“志气”。 14遁:隐避。 15陶:制瓦器。钧:造瓦器的转轮。 这里以“陶钧”指文思的掌握和酝酿。 16瀹(yuè月):疏通。藏:同“脏”, 内脏。 17雪:洗涤。《庄子·知北游》:“老 聃曰:‘汝齐(斋)戒疏瀹而(你)心,澡 雪而精神。’” 18宝:这里指人的知识。 19酌:斟酌,有考虑、思辨的意思。 20阅:阅历、经验。穷:探索到底。 照:察看,引申为理解。 21致:情致。怿(yì意):一作“绎”, 译文据“绎”字。“绎”是整理、运用。 22玄:指深奥难懂的事物或道理。宰: 主宰,这里指作家的心灵。 23声律:指作品的音节。安排音节本 来只是写作的技巧之一,这里用以代表一切 写作技巧。墨:绳墨。“墨”与下句“斤” 相对,和《文选·琴赋》中的“离子督墨, 匠石奋斤”用法同。 24独照:独到的理解。 25窥:视。意象:意中之象,指构思 过程中客观事物在作者头脑中构成的形象。 斤:斧。 26驭文:就是写作。驭:驾驭,控制。 术:方法。 27大端:重大的端绪,也就是要点。 28万涂:即万途,指思绪很多。 29规:画圆形的器具。矩:画方形的 器具。这里是用“规矩”指赋予事物以一定 的形态。虚位:指抽象的东西。 30镂(l?u漏):也是刻。无形:和 上句“虚位”意同,这两句和陆机《文赋》 中说的“课虚无以责有,叩寂寞而求音”意 义相近,都指通过艺术构思而赋予抽象的东 西以生动具体的形象。 31登山:指构思中想到登山的情景。 下句“观海”同。

愚溪诗序阅读练习及答案.doc

愚溪诗序阅读练习及答案 导读:我根据大家的需要整理了一份关于《愚溪诗序阅读练习及答案》的内容,具体内容:《愚溪诗序》是唐代文学家柳宗元创作的一篇散文。《愚溪诗序》作者借述愚溪而对自我的写照,表达自己济世之愿不能实现的满腔孤愤郁结。以下是我为你整理的,希望能帮到你。《愚溪诗序》文言...《愚溪诗序》是唐代文学家柳宗元创作的一篇散文。《愚溪诗序》作者借述愚溪而对自我的写照,表达自己济世之愿不能实现的满腔孤愤郁结。以下是我为你整理的,希望能帮到你。 《愚溪诗序》文言文阅读材料原文 愚溪诗序 柳宗元 灌水之阳有溪焉,东流入于潇水。或曰:冉氏尝居也,故姓是溪为冉溪。或曰:可以染也,名之以其能,故谓之染溪。予以愚触罪,谪潇水上。爱是溪,入二三里,得其尤绝者家焉。古有愚公谷,今予家是溪,而名莫能定,土之居者犹龂龂然,不可以不更也,故更之为愚溪。 愚溪之上,买小丘,为愚丘。自愚丘东北行六十步,得泉焉,又买居之,为愚泉。愚泉凡六穴,皆出山下平地,盖上出也。合流屈曲而南,为愚沟。遂负土累石,塞其隘,为愚池。愚池之东,为愚堂。其南,为愚亭。池之中,为愚岛。①嘉木异石错置,皆山水之奇者,以予故,咸以愚辱焉。 夫水,智者乐也。今是溪独见辱于愚,何哉?盖其流甚下,不可以灌溉;又峻急多坻石,大舟不可入也。幽邃浅狭,蛟龙不屑,不能兴云雨,无以

利世,而适类于予,然则虽辱而愚之,可也。 宁武子"邦无道则愚",智而为愚者也;颜子"终日不违如愚",睿而为愚者也。皆不得为真愚。②今予遭有道而违于理,悖于事,故凡为愚者,莫我若也。夫然,则天下莫能争是溪,予得专而名焉。 溪虽莫利于世,而善鉴万类,清莹透澈,锵鸣金石,能使愚者喜笑眷慕,乐而不能去也。予虽不合于俗,亦颇以文墨自慰,漱涤万物,牢笼百态,而无所避之。以愚辞歌愚溪,则茫然而不违,昏然而同归,超鸿蒙,混希夷,寂寥而莫我知也。于是作《八愚诗》,纪于溪石上。 《愚溪诗序》文言文阅读题 6. 下列句中加点词语的解释不正确的一项是(3分) A.今予家是溪家:安家 B.今是溪独见辱于愚愚:我 C.漱涤万物,牢笼百态牢笼:涵盖 D.寂寥而莫我知也寂寥:孤独 7. 下列句中加点虚词的意义和用法相同的一项是(3分) A.可以染也 / 予以愚触罪。 B.予虽不合于俗 / 纪于溪石上 C.自愚丘东北行六十步,得泉焉 / 灌水之阳有溪焉 D.睿而为愚者也 / 昏然而同归 8.翻译画线语句(8分) (1)嘉木异石错置,皆山水之奇者,以予故,咸以愚辱焉。 (2)今予遭有道而违于理,悖于事,故凡为愚者,莫我若也。

大英3课后翻译

新标准大学英语综合教程3 汉译英英译汉 1. Students differ about whether they should have their future mapped out when they are still at university. Some think they should have a definite goal and detailed plan, so as to brace themselves for any challenges, whereas some others think they don't have to think much about the future, because future is full of uncertainties. 2. 经过仔细检查,这位科学家得知自己患了绝症。虽然知道自己将不久于人世,他并没有抱怨命运的不公, 而是准备好好利用剩下的日子,争取加速推进由他和同事们共同发起的那个研究项目,以提前结项。(tick away; make the best of; have a shot at) After a very careful check-up, the scientist was told he had got a fatal disease. Although he knew that his life was ticking away, instead of complaining about the fate, the scientist decided to make the best of the remaining days, and speed up the research project he and his colleagues initiated, and have a shot at completing it ahead of schedule. 1. We all sensed we were coming to the end of our stay here, that we would never get a chance like this again, and we became determined not to waste it. Most important of course were the final exams in April and May in the following year. No one wanted the humiliation of finishing last in class, so the peer group pressure to work hard was strong. Libraries which were once empty after five o'clock in the afternoon were standing room only until the early hours of the morning, and guys wore the bags under their eyes and their pale, sleepy faces with pride, like medals proving their diligence. 我们都觉得在校时间不多了,以后再也不会有这样的学习机会了,所以都下定决心不再虚度光阴。当然,下一年四五月份的期末考试最为重要。我们谁都不想考全班倒数第一,那也太丢人了,因此同学们之间的竞争压力特别大。以前每天下午五点以后,图书馆就空无一人了,现在却要等到天快亮时才会有空座,小伙子们熬夜熬出了眼袋,他们脸色苍白,睡眼惺忪,却很自豪,好像这些都是表彰他们勤奋好学的奖章。 2. Tomorrow? It's all a lie; there isn't a tomorrow. There's only a promissory note that we are often not in a position to cash. It doesn't even exist. When you wake up in the morning it'll be today again and all the same rules will apply. Tomorrow is just another version of now, an empty field that will remain so unless we start planting some seeds. Your time, which is ticking away as we speak (at about 60 seconds a minute chronologically; a bit faster if you don't invest your time wisely), will be gone and you'll have nothing to show for it but regret and a rear-view mirror full of "could haves", "should haves" and "would haves". 明天行吗?明天只是个谎言;根本就没有什么明天,只有一张我们常常无法兑现的期票。明天甚至压根儿就不存在。你早上醒来时又是另一个今天了,同样的规则又可以全部套用。明天只是现在的另一种说法,是一块空地,除非我们开始在那里播种,否则它永远都是空地。你的时间会流逝(时间就在我们说话的当下嘀嗒嘀塔地走着,每分钟顺时针走60秒,如果你不能很好地利用它,它会走得更快些),而你没有取得任何成就来证明它的存在,唯独留下遗憾,留下一面后视镜,上面写满了“本可以做”、“本应该做”、“本来会做”的事情。 1.

高级英语课文翻译

青年人的四种选择 Lesson 2: Four Choices for Young People 在毕业前不久,斯坦福大学四年级主席吉姆?宾司给我写了一封信,信中谈及他的一些不安。 Shortly before his graduation, Jim Binns, president of the senior class at Stanford University, wrote me about some of his misgivings. 他写道:“与其他任何一代人相比,我们这一代人在看待成人世界时抱有更大的疑虑 ,, 同时越 来越倾向于全盘否定成人世界。” “More than any other generation, ” he said, “ our generation views the adult world with great skepticism, there is also an increased tendency to reject completely that world. ”很 明显,他的话代表了许多同龄人的看法。 Apparently he speaks for a lot of his contemporaries. 在过去的几年里,我倾听过许多年轻人的谈话,他们有的还在大学读书,有的已经毕业,他 们对于成人的世界同样感到不安。 During the last few years, I have listened to scores of young people, in college and out, who were just as nervous about the grown world. 大致来说,他们的态度可归纳如下:“这个世界乱糟糟的,到处充满了不平等、贫困和战争。 对此该负责的大概应是那些管理这个世界的成年人吧。如果他们不能做得比这些更好,他们又能拿 什么来教育我们呢?这样的教导,我们根本不需要。” Roughly, their attitude might be summed up about like this:“ The world is in pretty much of a mess, full of injustice, poverty, and war. The people responsible are, presumably, the adults who have been running thing. If they can’ t do better than that, what have they got to teach our generation? That kind of lesson we can do without. ” 我觉得这些结论合情合理,至少从他们的角度来看是这样的。 There conclusions strike me as reasonable, at least from their point of view. 对成长中的一代人来说,相关的问题不是我们的社会是否完美(我们可以想当然地认为是这 样),而是应该如何去应付它。 The relevant question for the arriving generation is not whether our society is imperfect (we can take that for granted), but how to deal with it. 尽管这个社会严酷而不合情理,但它毕竟是我们惟一拥有的世界。 For all its harshness and irrationality, it is the only world we’ ve got. 因此,选择一个办法去应付这个社会是刚刚步入成年的年轻人必须作出的第一个决定,这通 常是他们一生中最重要的决定。 Choosing a strategy to cope with it, then, is the first decision young adults have to make, and usually the most important decision of their lifetime. 根据我的发现,他们的基本选择只有四种: So far as I have been able to discover, there are only four basic alternatives: 1)脱离传统社会

《楚辞》原文及译文

(1)《楚辞》原文及译文 《楚辞》 【导读】 《楚辞》是我国古代一部重要的诗歌作品集。楚辞在汉代又被称作"赋",如司马迁在《史记》中有:屈原"乃作《怀沙》之赋"。实际上,楚辞作为一种产生于楚地的独立诗体,是不应与汉赋混淆的。汉赋是适应汉代宫廷需要而发展起来的一种半诗半文或称带韵散文的作品,赋一般用主客问答为叙事的形式,它不是抒情,而是铺陈辞藻,咏物说理。楚辞则不同,它虽然也富于文采,描写细致,含有叙事成分,但它以抒发个人感情为主,是一种诗歌。它得名于公元前四世纪的战国时代在我国南方楚地形成的一种叫做"辞"的新诗体。这种诗体经屈原发扬光大,其后的宋玉等汉代作家继续从事楚辞的创作。 《楚辞》之所以称为"楚",是因为它的声韵、歌调、思想乃至精神风貌,都带有鲜明的楚地特点。从形式上看,《楚辞》打破了《诗经》以四言为主的句式,而代之以五、六言乃至七、八言的长句句式,并保留了咏唱中的叹声词"兮";从体制上看,它突破了《诗经》以短章、复叠为主的局限,发展成为"有节有章"的长篇巨幅,更适合表现繁复的社会生活内容和抒写在较大时段跨度中经历的复杂情感。另外,《楚辞》与音乐仍保持着较密切的联系。

在楚辞之前的《诗经》,诗句以四字句为主,篇章比较短,风格朴素;楚辞则篇章宏阔,气势汪洋恣肆,诗的结构、篇幅都扩大了,句式参差错落,富于变化,而感情奔放、想象力丰富、文采华美、风格绚烂,都与《诗经》截然不同。一般来说,《诗经》产生于北方,代表了当时的中原文化,而《楚辞》则是南方楚地的乡土文学,《楚辞》的作品是伟大的浪漫主义诗人屈原及后来其它作家吸收南方民间文学并加以创造性提高的结果。《诗经》和《楚辞》一起构成了中国古代诗歌史上的两大源头,两者分别开创了中国古代诗歌现实主义和浪漫主义的先河,成为中国古代诗歌史上的"双璧",在中国文学史上有着特殊的意义。 楚辞是战国后期产生于楚国的一种诗歌样式。楚国僻处南方,有着独特的地理环境和优越的自然条件,政治制度、文化传统和风俗习惯与黄河流域诸国有很大差异,因而被视为"南蛮"。到春秋时代,楚国强大起来,成为"五霸"之一。至战国时代,各国政治、文化交流频繁,楚国开始大量接受中原文化,但仍保持着自己的文化特色。楚辞便是在这样的文化土壤中诞生的诗歌体裁,其创始者就是楚国的着名爱国诗人—屈原。 齐梁时代的文学理论家刘勰评论说:"不有屈原,岂见《离骚》?惊才风逸,壮志烟高。"[《文心雕龙·辨骚》]这里说的《离骚》是"楚辞"的代词。楚辞的样式是屈原创造的,它突破了

文言文《愚溪诗序》阅读答案

文言文《愚溪诗序》阅读答案 语文阅读在平时测试、期末考试中都占有很大的比重,所以,多做一些阅读练习,不仅能熟能生巧,轻松应对考试,最重要的,对于语文学习能力的提高非常有帮助。这篇文言文《align: center;愚溪诗序》阅读答案,由语文网提供,欢迎大家阅读学习。 灌水之阳有溪焉,东流入于潇水。或曰:冉氏尝居也,故姓是溪为冉溪。或曰:可以染也,名之以其能,故谓之染溪。予以愚触罪,谪潇水上。爱是溪,入二三里,得其尤绝者家焉。古有愚公谷,今予家是溪,而名莫能定,士之居者,犹龂龂然,不可以不更也,故更之为愚溪。 愚溪之上,买小丘,为愚丘。自愚丘东北行六十步,得泉焉,又买居之,为愚泉。愚泉凡六穴,皆出山下平地,盖上出也。合流屈曲而南,为愚沟。遂负土累石,塞其隘,为愚池。愚池之东为愚堂。其南为愚亭。池之中为愚岛。嘉木异石错置,皆山水之奇者,以予故,咸以愚辱焉。 夫水,智者乐也。今是溪独见辱于愚,何哉?盖其流甚下,不可以溉灌。又峻急多坻石,大舟不可入也。幽邃浅狭,蛟龙不屑,不能兴云雨,无以利世,而适类于予,然则虽辱而愚之,可也。 宁武子邦无道则愚,智而为愚者也;颜子终日不违如愚,睿而为愚者也。皆不得为真愚。今予遭有道而违于理,悖于事,故凡为愚者,莫我若也。夫然,则天下莫能争是溪,予得专而名焉。 溪虽莫利于世,而善鉴万类,清莹秀澈,锵鸣金石,能使愚者喜笑眷慕,乐而不能去也。予虽不合于俗,亦颇以文墨自慰,漱涤万物,牢笼百态,而无所避之。以愚辞歌愚溪,则茫然而不违,昏然而同归,超鸿蒙,混希夷,寂寥而莫我知也。于是作《八愚诗》,纪于溪石上。 8.下列句子中加点字在文中的意思,解释不正确的一项是 A.又买居之,为愚泉居:占据 B.灌水之阳有溪焉阳:北面 C.夫水,智者乐也乐:喜爱、爱好 D.无以利世,而适类于予类:像 9.下列句中加点的字,意义和用法都相同的一项是 A.名之以其能,故谓之染溪。以故其后名之曰褒禅 B.今是溪独见辱于愚,何哉? 寡人之于国也 C.故更之为愚溪入之愈深,其进愈难 D.其南为愚亭而予亦悔其随之,而不得极夫游之乐也

高级英语lesson2原文及其翻译

“Hiroshima! Everybody off!” That must be what the man in the Japanese stationmaster's uniform shouted, as the fastest train in the world slipped to a stop in Hiroshima Station. I did not understand what he was saying. First of all, because he was shouting in Japanese. And secondly, because I had a lump in my throat and a lot of sad thoughts on my mind that had little to do with anything a Nippon railways official might say. The very act of stepping on this soil, in breathing this air of Hiroshima, was for me a far greater adventure than any trip or any reportorial assignment I'd previously taken. Was I not at the scene of the crime? The Japanese crowd did not appear to have the same preoccupations that I had. From the sidewalk outside the station, things seemed much the same as in other Japanese cities. Little girls and elderly ladies in kimonos rubbed shoulders with teenagers and women in western dress. Serious looking men spoke to one another as if they were oblivious of the crowds about them, and bobbed up and down re-heatedly in little bows, as they exchanged the ritual formula of gratitude and respect: "Tomo aligato gozayimas." Others were using little red telephones that hung on the facades of grocery stores and tobacco shops. "Hi! Hi!" said the cab driver, whose door popped open at the very sight of a traveler. "Hi", or something that sounds very much like it, means "yes". "Can you take me to City Hall?" He grinned at me in the rear-view mirror and repeated "Hi!" "Hi! ’ We set off at top speed throug h the narrow streets of Hiroshima. The tall buildings of the martyred city flashed by as we lurched from side to side in response to the driver's sharp twists of the wheel. Just as I was beginning to find the ride long, the taxi screeched to a halt, and the driver got out and went over to a policeman to ask the way. As in Tokyo, taxi drivers in Hiroshima often know little of their city, but to avoid loss of face before foreigners, will not admit their ignorance, and will accept any destination without concern for how long it may take them to find it. At last this intermezzo came to an end, and I found myself in front of the gigantic City Hall. The usher bowed deeply and heaved a long, almost musical sigh, when I showed him the invitation which the mayor had sent me in response to my request for an interview. "That is not here, sir," he said in English. "The mayor expects you tonight for dinner with other foreigners or, the restaurant boat. See? This is where it is.” He sketched a little map for me on the back of my invitation. Thanks to his map, I was able to find a taxi driver who could take me straight to the canal

文心雕龙原道原文及翻译

《文心雕龙卷一?原道》原文及译文 文之为德也大矣,与天地并生者何哉?夫玄黄色杂,方圆体分,日月叠璧,以垂丽天之象;山川焕绮,以铺理地之形:此盖道之文也。仰观吐曜,俯察含章,高卑定位,故两仪既生矣。惟人参之,性灵所锺,是谓三才。为五行之秀,实天地之心,心生而言立,言立而文明,自然之道也。 傍及万品,动植皆文∶龙凤以藻绘呈瑞,虎豹以炳蔚凝姿;云霞雕色,有逾画工之妙;草木贲华,无待锦匠之奇。夫岂外饰,盖自然耳。至于林籁结响,调如竽瑟;泉石激韵,和若球锽:故形立则章成矣,声发则文生矣。夫以无识之物,郁然有采,有心之器,其无文欤? 人文之元,肇自太极,幽赞神明,《易》象惟先。庖牺画其始,仲尼翼其终。而《乾》、《坤》两位,独制《文言》。言之文也,天地之心哉!若乃《河图》孕八卦,《洛书》韫乎九畴,玉版金镂之实,丹文绿牒之华,谁其尸之?亦神理而已。 自鸟迹代绳,文字始炳,炎皞遗事,纪在《三坟》,而年世渺邈,声采靡追。唐虞文章,则焕乎始盛。元首载歌,既发吟咏之志;益稷陈谟,亦垂敷奏之风。夏后氏兴,业峻鸿绩,九序惟歌,勋德弥缛。逮及商周,文胜其质,《雅》、《颂》所被,英华曰新。文王患忧,繇辞炳曜,符采复隐,精义坚深。重以公旦多材,振其徽烈,剬

诗缉颂,斧藻群言。至若夫子继圣,独秀前哲,熔钧六经,必金声而玉振;雕琢性情,组织辞令,木铎启而千里应,席珍流而万世响,写天地之辉光,晓生民之耳目矣。 爰自风姓,暨于孔氏,玄圣创典,素王述训,莫不原道心以敷章,研神理而设教,取象乎《河》、《洛》,问数乎蓍龟,观天文以极变,察人文以成化;然后能经纬区宇,弥纶彝宪,发挥事业,彪炳辞义。故知道沿圣以垂文,圣因文以明道,旁通而无滞,日用而不匮。《易》曰∶“鼓天下之动者存乎辞。”辞之所以能鼓天下者,乃道之文也。 赞曰∶ 道心惟微,神理设教。光采元圣,炳耀仁孝。 龙图献体,龟书呈貌。天文斯观,民胥以效。 译文: 文章的(之能显现"道"的)具体属性是极广大的,是与天地并生共长的。(这话)怎么讲呢?(天地生成时)就有了深清色和黄色一同呈现,就有了天方地圆的形体之分。日头与月亮像重叠的璧玉,垂在天上,以显示其美化天空的形象;山岭与河流像灿烂的锦绣铺在地上,以展示其条理大地的形象;这大概是自然的文章吧?仰观天空日月散射着光辉,俯瞰大地山河现着文彩;高低有了一定的位置,天地

愚溪诗序原文及翻译

愚溪诗序 唐·柳宗元 灌水之阳有溪焉,东流入于潇水。或曰:冉氏尝居也,故姓是溪为冉溪。或曰:可以染也,名之以其能,故谓之染溪。予以愚触罪,谪潇水上。爱是溪,入二三里,得其尤绝者家焉。古有愚公谷,今予家是溪,而名莫能定,士之居者,犹龂龂然,不可以不更也,故更之为愚溪。 愚溪之上,买小丘,为愚丘。自愚丘东北行六十步,得泉焉,又买居之,为愚泉。愚泉凡六穴,皆出山下平地,盖上出也。合流屈曲而南,为愚沟。遂负土累石,塞其隘,为愚池。愚池之东为愚堂。其南为愚亭。池之中为愚岛。嘉木异石错置,皆山水之奇者,以予故,咸以愚辱焉。 夫水,智者乐也。今是溪独见辱于愚,何哉?盖其流甚下,不可以溉灌。又峻急多坻石,大舟不可入也。幽邃浅狭,蛟龙不屑,不能兴云雨,无以利世,而适类于予,然则虽辱而愚之,可也。 宁武子“邦无道则愚”,智而为愚者也;颜子“终日不违如愚”,睿而为愚者也。皆不得为真愚。今予遭有道而违于理,悖于事,故凡为愚者,莫我若也。夫然,则天下莫能争是溪,予得专而名焉。 溪虽莫利于世,而善鉴万类,清莹秀澈,锵鸣金石,能使愚者喜笑眷慕,乐而不能去也。予虽不合于俗,亦颇以文墨自慰,漱涤万物,牢笼百态,而无所避之。以愚辞歌愚溪,则茫然而不违,昏然而同归,超鸿蒙,混希夷,寂寥而莫我知也。于是作《八愚诗》,纪于溪石上。 【作者介绍】 柳宗元(773年-819年),字子厚,唐代河东(今山西运城)人,杰出诗人、哲学家、儒学家乃至成就卓著的政治家,唐宋八大家之一。著名作品有《永州八记》等六百多篇文章,经后人辑为三十卷,名为《柳河东集》。因为他是河东人,人称柳河东,又因终于柳州刺史任上,又称柳柳州。柳宗元与韩愈同为中唐古文运动的领导人物,并称“韩柳”。在中国文化史上,其诗、文成就均极为杰出,可谓一时难分轩轾。 【创作背景】 柳宗元被贬永州,只能与山水为伍,从山水中寻求慰藉,一切凄凉之感、愤激之情,也只能向山水发泄。因此,这时他笔下的山水,都饱含作者深沉的酸甜苦辣。他在一首诗中说:“投迹山水地,放情咏《离骚》”(《游南亭夜还叙志七十韵》)。本文就是一篇深得骚人之旨的好文章。

17走遍美国语句和翻译

-- ☆ SitMan 助您征服外语☆ -- [生词摘录] [要点摘录] ----难点句子记录于此 [我的听写] ----可在此处逐句听写 [原文] Cinnamon! 肉桂 I love parades. 我爱看行。 The Thanksgiving Day parade is always such great fun. 感恩节的行总是是如此有趣Look at that Superman balloon! 你看那个超人气球 Wowee! Just floating along high above Central Park West. 啊哈高高飘浮在在中央公园西路上空前 Don't you just love it? 你能不喜欢吗 Oh, and the bands and the music. 还有那乐队和音乐乐 John Philip Sousa. John Philip Soussa的曲子。 I love his music. 我喜欢他的作品。 Da dada da da dada da da da da da da dada. 哒哒哒哒哒哌者哒哒哒哒哒哒哒哒。 Oh, look at that float, Robbie. 噢你看那花车 Robbie。 Look at those funny-looking clowns. 你看那些滑稽的小小丑 It's for kids. 这是给小孩看的。 Maybe so, but parades always make me feel like a kid. 也许是但这些行总是让我觉得像小孩子。 Remember when you and your dad and I 还记得你你爸爸爸和 went to the Thanksgiving Day parade? 去参加感恩节行行 You were four or five years old, I think. 当时你才四五岁岁我想 Hello, hello.... Oh, hi, Susan. 喂喂……啊嗨嗨 Susa How are you?... Here's Mom. 好吗……妈侣就来了。 Hello, Susan. 喂 Susan。 Yes, he missed a phone call from Alexandra. 对他没接到Alexxandra打来的电话。Yes, I know, but he'll get over it. 是的我知道过过一下就会好的 Good. Then you'll be here about five? 很好。那麽大约约在五点左右来 Oh, fine. 嗯很好。 I look forward to seeing you and Harry and Michelle. 我等著见 Harrry和Michelle。Drive carefully. 开车时小心。 Good-bye. 再见。 Taste Ellen's turkey dressing. 一 Ellen的火填料。 It's delicious. 味道好极了。 I'm not surprised. 我一点也不觉得奇奇怪

高级英语lesson2原文及翻译

―Hiroshima! Everybody off!‖ That must be what the man in the Japanese stationmaster's uniform shouted, as the fastest train in the world slipped to a stop in Hiroshima Station. I did not understand what he was saying. First of all, because he was shouting in Japanese. And secondly, because I had a lump in my throat and a lot of sad thoughts on my mind that had little to do with anything a Nippon railways official might say. The very act of stepping on this soil, in breathing this air of Hiroshima, was for me a far greater adventure than any trip or any reportorial assignment I'd previously taken. Was I not at the scene of the crime? The Japanese crowd did not appear to have the same preoccupations that I had. From the sidewalk outside the station, things seemed much the same as in other Japanese cities. Little girls and elderly ladies in kimonos rubbed shoulders with teenagers and women in western dress. Serious looking men spoke to one another as if they were oblivious of the crowds about them, and bobbed up and down re-heatedly in little bows, as they exchanged the ritual formula of gratitude and respect: "Tomo aligato gozayimas." Others were using little red telephones that hung on the facades of grocery stores and tobacco shops. "Hi! Hi!" said the cab driver, whose door popped open at the very sight of a traveler. "Hi", or something that sounds very much like it, means "yes". "Can you take me to City Hall?" He grinned at me in the rear-view mirror and repeated "Hi!" "Hi! ’ We se t off at top speed through the narrow streets of Hiroshima. The tall buildings of the martyred city flashed by as we lurched from side to side in response to the driver's sharp twists of the wheel. Just as I was beginning to find the ride long, the taxi screeched to a halt, and the driver got out and went over to a policeman to ask the way. As in Tokyo, taxi drivers in Hiroshima often know little of their city, but to avoid loss of face before foreigners, will not admit their ignorance, and will accept any destination without concern for how long it may take them to find it. At last this intermezzo came to an end, and I found myself in front of the gigantic City Hall. The usher bowed deeply and heaved a long, almost musical sigh, when I showed him the invitation which the mayor had sent me in response to my request for an interview. "That is not here, sir," he said in English. "The mayor expects you tonight for dinner with other foreigners or, the restaurant boat. See? This is where it is.‖ He sketched a little map for me on the back of my invitation. Thanks to his map, I was able to find a taxi driver who could take me straight to the canal

相关主题
文本预览
相关文档 最新文档