Knowing a word means knowing both its sound and its meaning.
1. The sounds (pronunciation) and the meaning of a word are inseparable. This was pointed out by the 19th century Swiss linguistic Ferdinand de Saussure, who discussed the arbitrary union between the sounds (form) and meaning (concept) of the linguistic sign. In this sense every word is a linguistic sign.
Nouns, verbs, adjectives and many adverbs are all open-class items.
Exceptions: Preposition is relatively open in English.
Expressions such as regarding, throughout, out of, according to, with regard to, in spite of, by means of … are now recognized as
Prefixes and suffixes have traditionally been called bound morphemes.
Root, affix and stem 词根,词缀和词干 A root is the base form of a word that cannot further be analyzed without total loss of identity.