Energy loss in high energy heavy ion collisions from the Hydro+Jet model

水质工程学智慧树知到课后章节答案2023年下哈尔滨工业大学哈尔滨工业大学第一章测试1.The challenges of urban water resources include ( ).A:Urban water distribution renders large energy consumption.B:Capital and operational costs of water supply for long distancetransportation are high.C:The standards of urban water quality are high due to the increasingconcerns about the safety of urban water sources.D:High risk of urban water pollution.答案:Urban water distribution renders large energy consumption.;Capital and operational costs of water supply for long distancetransportation are high.;The standards of urban water quality are high due to the increasingconcerns about the safety of urban water sources.;High risk of urban water pollution.2.It is relatively hard to separate salt from water, because ions such as Ca2+，Mg2+，K+ are tightly surrounded by water molecules.A:错 B:对答案:对kes and reservoir waters usually have low water mobility, high turbidity,and relatively stable water quality. ( )A:对 B:错答案:错4.Heavy metals can be concentrated in plant roots or aquatic animals, causinggreat danger to living organisms. ( )A:错 B:对答案:对5.In the US, different sewage plants follow the same discharge standards. ( )A:对 B:错答案:错第二章测试1.Increasing ionic strength would compress the electric double layer andincrease the stability of the colloid. ( )A:错 B:对答案:错2.G value and GT value are employed to design coagulation tanks, because theycan describe the coagulation process comprehensively. ( )A:错 B:对答案:错3.The hydraulic condition of the rotary baffle plate flocculation tank is betterthan that of the reciprocating type, and head loss of the rotary type is 40%less than that of the reciprocating type. ( )A:对 B:错答案:对4.There are many ways for the control of coagulant dosage and automaticdetection, including ( ).A:streaming current detector (SCD) B:dosing according to experienceC:establishing a mathematical model according to the quantity and quality of raw waterD:light transmission pulsation detector答案:streaming current detector (SCD);establishing a mathematicalmodel according to the quantity and quality of raw water;light transmission pulsation detector5.Which one below belongs to organic coagulant ( ).A:aluminum sulfateB:polyacrylamide (PAM)C:poly aluminum chloride (PAC) D:lime glue答案:polyacrylamide (PAM)第三章测试1.Which of the following measure could not improve the settling efficiency insedimentation tank? ( )A:To recycle the sludge to improve the size of particlesB:To increase the surface area of the tankC:To increase the flow rateD:To improve the performance of flocculation before sedimentation答案:To increase the flow rate2.The feed water will go into the upper part of the sedimentation tank underthe case of density current of high turbid water, leading to the deterioration of the effluent quality. （）A:错 B:对答案:错3.There is an ineffective zone exists in the inclined tube/ plate sedimentationtank. The ineffective zone would increase if the settling zone is small in the tank. ( )A:错 B:对答案:对4.Which of the following methods can recover the adsorption capacity ofsludge in clarifier process? ( )A:To discharge the sludge completely in the clarifierB:To generate a pulse to break the large flocsC:To circulate the sludge mechanicallyD:To circulate the sludge by a water jet答案:To generate a pulse to break the large flocs;To circulate the sludge mechanically;To circulate the sludge by a water jet5.θ presents the contact angle of water on the solid surface. Which of thepollutant(s) with the following value of the contact angle cannot be removed by air flotation process. ( )A:θ=85°B:θ=1°C:θ=95°D:θ=150°答案:θ=85°;θ=1°第四章测试1.The biofilm in slow sand filtration has negative effect on water qualitybecause it may increase the load of disinfection. （）A:对 B:错答案:错2.The negative water head will not appear in ( ) process(es)?A:Conventional rapid filterB:V-shaped filterC:Siphon filterD:Valveless filter答案:Siphon filter;Valveless filter3.The expansion rate of single-layer quartz sand is usually about 40%-45%. ( )答案:对4.The effective particle size of filter media refers to the particle size of filtermedia less than ( ) percent of the total weight after screening.A:5B:75C:80D:10答案:105.Supporting layer in the filter can also contribute to the uniform distributionof water to some extent. ( )A:错 B:对答案:对第五章测试ngmuir isotherm assumes that all surface sites have equal activity, whichmeans adsorption energy is independent of the extent of surface coverage θ.( )A:对 B:错答案:对2.In sorption process, film diffusion transport or pore transport is usually therate limiting step. ( )答案:对3.Activated carbon can react with water treatment agents such as coagulantsand disinfectants. ( )A:对 B:错答案:对4.Adding granular activated carbon in intake structure can extend contactingtime. ( )A:错 B:对答案:错5.In drinking water treatment, activated carbon can be regenerated by organicsolvent extraction, such as methanol, ethanol, benzene, acetone, and ether. ( ) A:对 B:错答案:错第六章测试ually, ozone and chlorine dioxide are much more effective than chlorine,while chloramine is a weaker disinfectant compared with chlorine. ( )A:对 B:错答案:对2.80℃ water spray is usually employed to promote the evaporation of chlorine.( )A:错 B:对答案:错3.Security protections for chlorine leakage include positive-pressure chlorineabsorption equipment and negative-pressure chlorine absorption equipment.Lime or reductants can also be used to adsorb chlorine. ( )A:错 B:对答案:对4.Ozone pre-oxidation can enhance coagulation through destroying the organiccoating on the surface of inorganic matters. ( )A:错 B:对答案:对5.The chemicals and materials used in water treatment can be the precursorsof disinfection by-products. ( )A:错 B:对答案:对第七章测试1.The filtration rate is constant under constant-pressure filtration mode. ( )A:错 B:对答案:错2.In general filtration operations, the cake layer is actually the main filtermedia instead of the membrane itself. ( )A:错 B:对答案:对3.Microfiltration (MF), ultrafiltration (UF) and reverse osmosis (RO) are allseparation processes that utilize pressure difference as the driving force to make solvent (water) pass through the membrane. In general, what is the order of the molecular sizes retained by MF, UF and RO? ( )A:MF＞UF＞RO B:MF＞RO＞UF C:UF＞MF＞RO D:MF＞RO＞UF答案:MF＞UF＞RO4.Which of the following is not a feature of membrane separation technology?( )A:Long lifespanB:High efficiency C:Low energy consumption D:Easy to operate答案:Long lifespan5.Which of the following is not an effective measure to reduce the resistance ofconcentration polarization? ( )A:To install a turbulence promoterB:To clean the membrane regularlyC:To increase the flow rate and mass transfer coefficientD:To reduce the temperature of feed water答案:To reduce the temperature of feed water。

军考类招生-士兵高中-英语-第一章单项选择-动词和动词短语[单选题]1.It seems difficult to _____ “hurt” from “injure” in meaning（江南博哥）.A.judgeB.tellC.divideD.separate[单选题]2.—Why haven’t you bought any butter?—I _____ to but I forgot about it.A.likedB.wishedC.meantD.expected[单选题]3.As we joined the big crowd I got _____ from my friends.A.separatedB.sparedC.lostD.missed[单选题]4.Have a good rest; you need to _____ your energy for the tennis match this afternoon.A.leaveB.saveC.holdD.get[单选题]5.I’ve visited a lot of different places and stayed in lots of different hotels, but none of them _____ this one.A.makesB.beatsparesD.matches[单选题]6.Some passengers complain that it usually _____ so long to fill in divavel insurance documents.A.costsB.takesC.spendsD.spares[单选题]7.When I opened the door, a parcel on the floor _____ eye.A.metB.caughtC.drewD.adivivacted[单选题]8.Amy did well in the exam.She came home _____ a happy smile.A.takingB.wearingC.bringingD.carrying[单选题]9.Before falling asleep, Helen got the day’s happenings_____.A.reviewedB.examinedC.remindedD.suggested[单选题]10.Be careful when you cross this busy sdiveet.If not, you may _____ run over by a car.A.haveB.getC.becomeD.turn[单选题]11.Ted, _____ yourself and don’t get your coat dirty again, or you will get into divouble!A.behaveB.makeC.performD.take[单选题]12.Today Bob was late again for class because he overslept(睡过头), but he _____ an excuse of being ill.A.looked upB.made upC.put upD.took up[单选题]13.You have to _____ early in the morning to avoid the rush hour.A.set asideB.set outC.set upD.set in[单选题]14.When the violinist finished his performance, the audience stood up and _____ for five minutes.A.actedB.clappedC.backedD.closed[单选题]15.She doesn’t want to listen to you now; she has something urgent to _____.A.talk withugh atC.cope withD.warm up[单选题]16.I can’t find my keys! Can you help me _____ them?A.dream aboutB.look forC.see throughD.speak of[单选题]17.The American couple have _____ a two-year-old child, who lost his parents in an earthquake.A.adjustedB.affordedC.approvedD.adopted[单选题]18.He offered to _____ her a hand as the suitcase was too heavy for her to carry.A.borrowB.helpC.lendD.show[单选题]19.The desdivuction of these diveasures was a loss for mankind that no amount of money could _____.A.make up forB.keep up withe up withD.put up with[单选题]20.It often takes some time for a new couple to _____ to each other’s way of life.A.referB.listenC.amountD.adjust[单选题]21.The prime minister had to _____ because he was believed to have done something bad against his people.A.releaseB.resignC.reformD.regard[单选题]st Sunday when Mr.Wang was leaving Beijing for Canada, a number of his friends _____ at the airport.A.found him outB.put him upC.knocked him downD.saw him off[单选题]23.Today Mrs.Smith _____ herself in white like a nurse at the garden party.A.woreB.putC.sentD.dressed[单选题]24.I can _____ you for your rude manners but you must apologize in public.A.forbidB.forgetC.forecastD.forgive[单选题]25.Some people like to _____ a small sum of money in case of urgent need.A.deal withe upC.set asideD.take off[单选题]26.As a gardener, Jim has to water the flowers and _____ the grass in the garden every morning.A.divimB.improveC.refineD.repair[单选题]27.The firemen are still _____ the small fires started by the plane crash.A.taking offB.setting asideC.getting along withD.putting out[单选题]28.The old couple decided to _____ a boy and a girl though they had three of their own.A.adaptB.bringC.receiveD.adopt[单选题]29.The car _____ halfway for no reason.A.broke offB.broke downC.broke upD.broke out[单选题]30.The police _____ that he committed a series of crimes in the north of the city.A.swelledB.submittedC.surveyedD.suspected[单选题]31.I can’t understand why you regard it as music.It _____ me mad!A.putsB.setsC.drivesD.changes[单选题]32.Their house stands at a hilltop, _____ the Hudson River down below.A.seeingB.viewingC.looking atD.overlooking[单选题]33.I can’t understand why my boss is always _____ fault with my work.A.findingB.seekingC.lookingD.making[单选题]34.We hear that they will _____ a new school here.A.set downB.set upC.set offD.set out[单选题]35.The scientists are divying to find out the facts to _____ their theory.A.supportB.carryC.designD.raise[单选题]36.Dad wondered where I’d been, and I _____ a story about being at Grandma’s.A.made outB.made upC.looked outD.looked up[单选题]37.Just take it easy and _____ us exactly what has happened.A.sayB.speakC.tellD.talk[单选题]38.Some developed coundivies are divying to _____ the serious problems resulting from the energy crisis.A.step upB.cope withC.cut offD.end up[单选题]39.He is such a man who is always _____ fault with other people.A.puttingB.seekingC.findingD.looking for[单选题]40.After he retired from office, Rogers _____ painting for a while, but soon lost interest.A.took upB.save upC.kept upD.drew up[单选题]41.Unfortunately, the package I was expecting was _____ to the wrong address.A.writtenB.givenC.packedD.delivered[单选题]42.I can _____ you that the animals are well cared for in our zoo, so you needn’t worry about them.A.supposeB.assumeC.assureD.grant[单选题]43.If we _____ early tomorrow morning, we will reach the coast before dark.A.take offB.set offC.set upD.take up[单选题]44.A lot of people mistake John for Bill because they _____ each other in appearance too much!A.weaveB.utilizeC.revealD.resemble[单选题]45.As is well known, eating too much fat can _____ heart disease and cause high blood pressure.A.add toB.attend toC.condivibute toD.apply to[单选题]46.With larger numbers of graduates than ever before, just having a degree will no longer be enough to make you _____ in thecrow.A.stand upB.stand byC.stand forD.stand out[单选题]47.Sean’s sdivong love for his coundivy is _____ in his recently published poems.A.relievedB.reflectedC.respondedD.recovered[单选题]48.The teacher sdivessed again that the students should not _____ any important details while retelling the story.A.bring outB.let outC.leave outD.make out[单选题]49.Climate change will greatly _____ wheat and rice production if nations don’t take steps now.A.fallB.leakckD.reduce[单选题]50.Schools should teach our kids various subjects, and moreover, teach them how to _____ right from wrong.A.runB.takeC.tellD.put[单选题]51.In time of divouble Charlie could always _____ a solution.A.put asideB.look down uponC.break oute up with[单选题]52.Before building a house, you will have to _____ the government’s permission.A.get fromB.followC.receiveD.ask for[单选题]53.Don’t worry if you can’t understand everything.The teacher will _____ the main points at the end.A.recoverB.reviewC.requireD.remember[单选题]54.One of the best ways for people to keep fit is to _____ healthy eating habits.A.growB.developC.increaseD.raise[单选题]55.The company is starting a new advertising campaign to_____ new customers to its stores.A.joinB.adivivactC.stickD.divansfer[单选题]56.The college sports meet was _____ till next week because of the heavy rain.A.put outB.put onC.put offD.put up[单选题]57.That big dictionary _____ Tom two hundred dollars.A.spentB.paidC.costD.took[单选题]58.After 15 years in the United States, he has finally decided to _____ American citizenship.A.concendivate onB.apply forC.look out forD.appeal on[单选题]59.It is well known that teaching is a job, _____ enoughpatience.A.calling onB.calling offC.calling forD.calling in[单选题]60.Surely it doesn’t matter where the clubs get their money; what _____ is what they do with it.A.countsB.appliesC.sdivessesD.functions[单选题]61.Without my glasses I can hardly _____ what has beenwritten in the letter.A.make forB.make upC.make outD.make over[单选题]62.Her heart _____ faster when she entered the exam hall.A.jumpedB.sankC.beatD.hit[单选题]63.Be careful when you cross this very busy sdiveet.If not, you may get _____ by a car.A.run outB.run overC.run awayD.run after[单选题]64.Time will _____ whether I made the right choice or not.A.seeB.sayC.tellD.know[单选题]65.It suddenly _____ me how we could improve the situation.A.occurredB.fearedC.shookD.sdivuck[单选题]66.We stayed for the night at the foot of the mountain and_____ to climb it the next morning.A.set aboutB.set offC.set upD.set out[单选题]67.“To put off something” means “to _____”.A.look for itB.put it in placeC.postpone itD.cancel it[单选题]68.Can you _____ the three mistakes in this paragraph?A.turn outB.bring outC.call outD.pick out[单选题]69.The factory had to _____ a number of employees because of the economic decline in the coundivy.y outy offy asidey down[单选题]70.His parents _____ his money, so he is in divouble now.A.cut offB.cut throughC.gave upD.brought down[单选题]71.I _____ the boy to save money, but he wouldn’t listen.A.hopedB.suggestedC.wantedD.made[单选题]72.The idea _____ to him in his dream and he decided to carry it out.A.happenedB.sdivuckC.appearedD.occurred[单选题]73.John made her _____ him everything about her plan for the divip.A.to tellB.tellC.toldD.tells[单选题]74.I can’t help _____ whether we should go without raincoats.A.wonderB.to wonderC.wonderingD.wondered[单选题]75.I appreciated _____ to your school to give a lecture.A.to be invitedB.to have invitedC.having invitedD.being invited[单选题]76.John didn’t want to risk _____ wet as he had only one suit.A.gettingB.to getC.being gotD.to be gotten[单选题]77.I remember _____ to the zoo by my father when I was little.A.being takenB.takingC.have been takenD.to have taken[单选题]78.I regret _____ you that your application has been refused.rmB.being informedC.to be informedD.to inform。

九年级英语地理常识单选题30题1.Which country is located in the southern hemisphere and has a temperate climate?A. CanadaB. AustraliaC. RussiaD. China答案：B。

澳大利亚位于南半球，气候以温带气候为主。

加拿大主要位于北半球；俄罗斯大部分地区位于北半球，气候多样；中国大部分地区位于北半球。

2.Which country has a large area of tropical rainforest and is known for its rich biodiversity?A. BrazilB. IndiaC. FranceD. Japan答案：A。

巴西拥有大面积的热带雨林，以丰富的生物多样性闻名。

印度气候多样；法国位于欧洲，没有大面积热带雨林；日本森林资源丰富，但不是以热带雨林为主。

3.Which country is famous for its deserts and has a hot and dry climate?A. South AfricaB. GermanyC. United StatesD. Egypt答案：D。

埃及以其沙漠和炎热干燥的气候而闻名。

南非气候多样；德国气候温和；美国地域广阔，气候多样。

4.Which country is located in both Europe and Asia and has a cold climate in the north?A. TurkeyB. United KingdomC. ItalyD. Spain答案：A。

土耳其地跨亚欧两洲，北部气候寒冷。

英国、意大利、西班牙都位于欧洲。

5.Which country has a long coastline and is often affected by typhoons?A. ArgentinaB. South KoreaC. MexicoD. Thailand答案：B。

初三环保意识英语阅读理解30题1<背景文章>Environmental problems are becoming increasingly serious in today's world. Air pollution is one of the most prominent issues. Factories, vehicles, and power plants emit large amounts of pollutants into the air, such as sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and particulate matter. These pollutants not only harm human health but also damage the environment. For example, they can cause respiratory diseases and reduce visibility.Water pollution is also a major concern. Industrial waste, agricultural runoff, and sewage disposal all contribute to water pollution. Polluted water can contain harmful chemicals, heavy metals, and pathogens. This can lead to the death of aquatic organisms and pose a threat to human health if people consume or use polluted water.In addition to air and water pollution, there are also problems such as deforestation, soil erosion, and climate change. Deforestation reduces the amount of oxygen in the air and disrupts the balance of the ecosystem. Soil erosion can lead to the loss of fertile land and affect agricultural production. Climate change is caused by the increase in greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, which leads to rising temperatures, sea level rise, and more extreme weather events.We must take action to address these environmental problems. Everyone can play a role in protecting the environment. For example, we can reduce energy consumption, recycle waste, and use public transportation. By working together, we can make a difference and createa sustainable future for ourselves and future generations.1. What is one of the most prominent environmental problems mentioned in the passage?A. Deforestation.B. Soil erosion.C. Air pollution.D. Climate change.答案：C。

2025届江西省新建二中高考英语一模试卷请考生注意：1．请用2B铅笔将选择题答案涂填在答题纸相应位置上，请用0．5毫米及以上黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将主观题的答案写在答题纸相应的答题区内。

写在试题卷、草稿纸上均无效。

2．答题前，认真阅读答题纸上的《注意事项》，按规定答题。

第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．Ever since the new park was opened to the public last month, I ______ a walk in it every morning.A．am taking B．takeC．have taken D．have been taking2．Check your paper carefully to see ________ you have made any mistakes.A．what B．which C．whether D．that3．Some people create jobs, foster excitement and basically make the system work. They see possibilities ________ others see only problems.A．that B．what C．which D．where4．I am at a loss why Mike is always ________ every time I meet him. Believe it or not, we used to be best friends. A．giving me the cold shoulder B．making my dayC．following suit D．beating around the bush5．Why are some brands more popular than others ______ the products are of similar quality?A．as though B．even if C．so that D．in case6．________ you recognize an idiom when it is being used, it is easy to misunderstand what you read or hear. A．Unless B．AfterC．Once D．Since7．The solution to a problem，we are told，often comes to thinkers in a "flash of ________"．A．inspiration B．insightC．invitation D．innovation8．Country people don't pretend to have these ridiculous manners which are necessary _____ we call polite society．A．what B．in whatC．which D．in which9．______ such a problem before, we handled the situation very well this time.A．Deal with B．Dealing withC．To deal with D．Having dealt with10．It was just at the time the bell rang he finished the last word in his composition.A．when; which B．that; when C．when; that D．that; which11．Rent usually ________ up in the summer, when college graduates are moving out of their dormitories and seeking for new places to move in.A．will go B．goesC．has gone D．went12．_____ the oil under the sea, the company has raised ample funds to develop petroleum exploration equipment. A．Exploiting B．Having exploitedC．To exploit D．Exploited13．I wonder ________ the equipment will be available in ten days.A．that B．when C．whether D．where14．If you leave this application form and go to another website, you will lose ______ you have already filled out on this form.A．whatever B．whoeverC．wherever D．whenever15．By doing so, you can ________ more information and details about the topic, and better understand it.A．keep up with B．do away withC．have access to D．get down to16．Facing the global financial crisis, the Chinese government has taken many measures ________ people's life to deal with it.A．related B．related toC．relating D．relating to17．If you ________ come to our village, I’ll show you around.A．will B．shall C．must D．should18．Only when _________hard __________ make your dream come true.A．do you work; you can B．you work; you canC．do you work; can you D．you work; can you19．The Chinese people are kind and caring. If not, I _____ in China in the past 30 years.A．didn’t stay B．hadn’t stayedC．couldn’t stay D．couldn’t have stayed20．— I am just wondering which team, Chicago Bulls or Washington Wizards, won the game last night?—________ I don’t really like either team.A．Don’t mention it. B．No problem.C．Who cares? D．Why bother?第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

2021-2022年福建省厦门市大学英语6级大学英语六级测试卷(含答案) 学校:________ 班级:________ 姓名:________ 考号:________一、2.Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)(20题)1.The author claims that there are many people who often laugh at the idea that there are UFOs.A.YB.NC.NG2.The basic symptom of anxiety is ______.A.heart disordersB.stressC.anemiaD.insomnia3.The aim of Kentucky's Berea College about green campus is to reduce its energy consumption 45 percent below 2000 levels by ______.4.According to the poll by the National Sleep Foundation，compared to that of women，the number of men with snoring problem is_____.rgerB.smallerC.nearly the sameD.quite different5.A public offering and support from ______ allowed Honda to expand his business and begin to invade the international market.6.If a drug can bring great benefit to a patient, the patient may be willing to take the drug even with the risk for ______.7.Most of the foods grown and processed according to the federal standards will bear the seal ______.8.According to different cultures, negotiations can be conducted through direct, face-to-face communication or indirect9.Working experience is not as important as your first image on the interviewer in the job interview.A.YB.NC.NG10.Earthquake PreparednessOne of the most frightening and destructive phenomena of nature is a severe earthquake and its terrible aftereffects.Earthquakes strike suddenly, violently, and without warning at any time of the day or night. If an earthquake occurs in a populated area, it may cause many deaths and injuries and extensive property damage. Identifying potential hazards ahead of time and advance planning can reduce the dangers of serious injury or loss of life from an earthquake.What to Do Before an EarthquakeCheck for Hazards in the HomeFasten shelves securely to walls.Place large or heavy objects on lower shelves.Store breakable items such as bottled foods, glass, and china in low, closed cabinets with latches.Hang heavy items such as pictures and mirrors away from beds, couches, and anywhere people sit.Brace overhead light fixtures.Repair defective electrical wiring and leaky gas connections. These are potential fire risks.Secure a water heater by strapping it to the wall studs (螺栓) and bolting it to the floor.Repair any deep cracks in ceilings or foundations. Get expert advice if there are signs of structural defects.Store weed killers, pesticides, and flammable products securely in closed cabinets with latches and on bottom shelves.Identify Safe Places Indoors and OutdoorsUnder sturdy furniture such as a heavy desk or table.Against an inside wall.Away from where glass could shatter around windows, mirrors, pictures, or where heavy bookcases or other heavy furniture could fall over.In the open, away from buildings, trees, telephone and electrical lines,overpasses, or elevated expressways.Educate Yourself and Family MembersContact your local emergency management office or American Red Cross chapter for more information on earthquakes. Also read the "How-to Series" for information on how to protect your property from earthquakes.Teach children how and when to call 911, police, or fire department and which radio station to tune to for emergency information.Teach all family members how and when to turn off gas, electricity, and water.Have Disaster Supplies on HandFlashlight and extra batteries.Portable battery-operated radio and extra batteries.First aid kit and manual.Emergency food and water.Nonelectric can opener.Essential medicines.Cash and credit cards.Sturdy shoes.Develop an Emergency Communication PlanIn case family members are separated from one another during an earthquake (a real possibility during the day when adults are at work and children are at school), develop a plan for reuniting after the disaster.Ask an out-of-state relative or friend to serve as the "family contact". After a disaster, it's often easier to call long distance. Make sure everyone in the family knows the name, address, and phone number of the contact person. Help Your Community Get ReadyPublish a special section in your local newspaper with emergency information on earthquakes. Localize the information by priming the phone numbers of local emergency services offices, the American Red Cross, and hospitals.Conduct a week-long series on locating hazards in the home.Work with local emergency services and American Red Cross officials to prepare special reports for people with mobility impairments on what to do duringA.YB.NC.NG11. The account number is secure since according to federal law, the number of the cardholders' account printed out are ______.12.A temperature inversion occurs when______.13. Why do universities usually use the Library of Congress Classification System?A.Because it is more popular than other systems.B.Because it is more modern than other systems.C.Because it is more specific in arranging subjects.D.Because it is less difficult than other systems.14.The local people look hungrily at the game reserves.A.YB.NC.NG15.Below the canopy level of a tropical rainforest grows an overabundance of plants.A.YB.NC.NG16.American high school students sink almost to the bottom in a survey of math and science literacy because too many of the high school ______ in America are not qualified.17.At High Tech High, ______ are hired to teach comes on biotechnology or web design.18. What is the one huge problem that we haven't really solved?A.Global warming.B.Acid min.C.Toxic emission.D.Environment.19.The short-lived, rapidly dispersed species are often called ______.20.In the extremely hot and dry environment, creatures are imagined to have ______ to minimize loss of water and conserve it.二、3.Listening Comprehension(20题)21.(22)A.Six hours.B.Eighteen hours.C.Sixteen hours.D.Eight hours.22.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D.听力原文：We humans have found countless mysteries of the universe with which to occupy our minds over the centuries. We not only ask questions about what something is but we also want to know why it is. Ancient people invented elaborate mythological explanations to account for the mysterious things they saw. Both the sky with its heavenly bodies and seemingly never-ending vastness and the seas with their great depths and power were, and still are, capable of filling people with feelings of fear and wonder.As ancient humans looked at the sky above them, one sight that intrigued them most was the Milky Way. They, of course, didn't know that the strange, broad, luminous hand of light across the sky is in reality composed of countless stars and planets located so far from the Earth that they cannot been seen individually by the naked eyes. To the ancient Chinese it appeared as a luminous river, which they referred to as the River of Heaven or the Silver Stream. Even though today we know what the Milky Way is, it remains equally mysterious in many ways it is so remote from us. It is no wonder that for those individuals who believe in UFOs, it seems a likely place from which they could have arisen. After all, we know so little about heavenly bodies. The power of the ocean is awesome. We hear of tidal waves that crash onto land, destroying everything in their path; we read accounts of lost ships over the centuries. Now' in the 21st century as we fly across? he Pacific, we can't help but feel a bit lonely and concerned as we think of that vast body of water below us.(27)A.They didn't notice them.B.They gave mythological explanations.C.They ignored them.D.They chose to avoid seeing them.23.【B11】24.(31)A.Jane got angry at Bill's idle life.B.Bill failed to adapt to the new situation.C.Bill blamed Jane for neglecting the family.D.The children were not taken good care of.25.【B8】26.听力原文：M: I' 11 have these shoes. Please tell me how much I owe you. W: They are $40 a pair and three pairs make a total of $120. But today we offer a 10% discount.Q: How much does the man have to pay?(14)A.＄120.B.＄108.C.＄90.D.＄40.27.【B9】28.(13)A.They are too many and she can't read them all.B.They are too difficult and complex for her to understand.C.She feels too tired to read any books.D.They are too heavy for her to carry.29.【B5】30.听力原文：W: Hi, Jack. Tomorrow's the big day! You must be excited about going to France for your first international conference.M: The trip, yes, but not the preparation.W: What do you need to do except pack?M: You know how you always feel so awful whenever you make a big change in time zones? This time I'm trying an anti-jet-lag program so I'll be alert even for the first day's lectures.W: But how can you avoid jet lag? With that late flight and a six-hour difference in time, it's bound to take you a couple of days to adjust.M: Well this program's supposed to get your body to feel like it's in the new time zone before you leave. The theory is that the food you eat actually tells your body when to be active and when to be restful, so changing your diet can help you be ready' for the time change. You have to alternate feasting and fasting ... you know sometimes eat a lot, sometimes just a little.W: OK. Now I see why you're not enjoying the preparation. I can't quite picture you fasting!M: Actually the worst is already over. Two days before the flight, you're supposed to have only light meals and limit yourself to eight hundred calories. W: That must have been tough.M: Yeah, but I'm making up for it today. Feast day is much better ... though I still don't get to eat any snacks after dinner.(23)A.New foods to try when traveling.B.Making reservations for the best travel.C.Avoiding gaining weight while traveling.D.Adjusting to time changes when traveling.31.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down theLanguage is the means by which the thoughts and feelings of one person are carried to another person so that they are understood. Languages use signs and sounds to【B1】______ meaning: the simplest【B2】______ languagesare those of gestures and【B3】______ expressions. One can often learn manyof the thoughts of a person by watching his face and【B4】______ actions.More elaborate sign languages are those of the American Indian and other 【B5】______ peoples, the finger language of deaf-mutes, and the【B6】______ codes of lights and flags used【B7】______ , as well as by the armies and【B8】______ of the world.The simplest sound language is that of groans, cries, and exclamations, such as" ouch", which conveys specific meanings.【B9】______ . More elaborate of sound language is speech, the most common means by which people carry their thoughts to one another. Because speech is frequently accompanied by gestures and facial expressions, a language may be a combination of signs and sounds.To be understood is the chief requirement of a language.【B10】______ , he would nor have a true language. What's the purpose of the language? Someone will say it's just a tool that makes people understand each other better.【B11】______ . Language, therefore, is called a social institution, meaning that men have invented and developed language to satisfy the need to communicate with one another.【B1】32.听力原文：M: Turn your head a little bit leftward and look straight to this direction．Get relaxed and you look great posing like that．Shall I press the shutter?W: Give me a second．I'd like to put on a little bit of lipstick．Q: What are the speakers doing?(19)A.Choosing cosmetics.B.Taking photos.C.Doing hairstyle.D.Playing a game.33. 【B2】34.(35)A.12B.28C.31D.3435.(28)A.He studied cartooning.B.He stayed at home.C.He went abroad.D.He worked for a company.36.【B7】37.听力原文：It has been reported that in colleges across the United States, the daytime serial drama known as the soap opera has suddenly become "in" among the students. Between the hours of 11:00 a. m. and 4:30 p. m., college television lounges are filled with soap opera fans who can't wait to see the next episode in the lives of their favorite characters.Actually, soap operas are more than a college favorite; they're a youth favorite. When school is out, high school students are in front of their TV sets, waiting for the programs. One young working woman admitted that she turned down a higher paying job rather than give up watching her favorite serials. The soap operas have become part of people's lives. During the 1960s,it was uncommon for young*people to watch soap operas. The mood of the sixties was very different from now. It was a time of seriousness, and talk was about social issues of great importance.Now, scri0usness has been replaced by fun. Young people want to be happy. It may seem strange that they should turn to soap operas, which are known for showing trouble in people's lives. But soap operas are enjoyment. Young people can identify with the soap opera character, who, like the college-age viewer, is looking for happy love, and probably not finding it. And soap operas give young people a chance to feel close to people without having to bear any responsibility for their problems.(33)A.Plays based on science fiction stories.B.Plays based on non-fiction stories.C.The daytime serial dramas on TV.D.Popular documentary films on TV.38.(34)A.They must arrange the meeting place well in advance.B.They can postpone fixing the place till last minute.C.They needn't decide when and where to meet.D.They still have to work out detailed meeting plans.39.(26)A.People usually have similar ways to learn languages.B.Knowing about one's own learning style. is important.C.Dr. Adams' learning style. is visual.D.Dr. Adams' learning style. is auditory.40. 【B8】三、4.Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)(20题)41.The Security Council is the most powerful body in the UN. It is responsible for maintaining international peace, and for restoring peace when conflicts arise. Its decisions are binding on all UN members. The Security Council has the power to define what a threat to security is, to determine how the UN should respond, and to enforce its decisions by ordering UN members to take certain actions.The Council convenes any time there is a threat to peace. A representative from each member country who sits on the Council must be available at all times so that the Council can meet at a moment's notice. The Security Council also frequently meets at the request of a UN member—often a nation with a grievance about another nation's actions.The Security Council has 15 members; five of which hold permanent seats. The Assembly elects the other ten members for two-year terms. The five permanent members—the United States, Britain, France, Russia (formerly the Soviet Union), and China—have the most power. These nations were the winning powers at the end of World War Ⅱ, and they still represent the bulk of the world's military might.Decisions of the Council require nine votes. But any one of the permanent members can veto an important decision. This authority is known as the veto right of the great powers. As a result, the Council is effective only when its permanent members can reach a consensus.The Council has a variety of ways it can try to resolve conflicts amongcountries. Usually the Councils' first step is to encourage the countries to settle their disagreements without violence. The Council can mediate a dispute or recommend guidelines for a settlement. It can send peacekeeping troops into a distressed area. If war breaks out, the Council can call for a ceasefire. It can enforce its decisions by imposing economic sanctions on a country, or through joint military action.Which is TRUE in the following statements according to the passage?A.The Security Council convenes annually.B.All UN members should abide by the decisions adopted by the Security Council.C.Although one member seriously complains about another member's action, the Security Council will not convenes at its request.D.The five permanent members of the Security Council hold less than one half armed forces in the world.42.On average, the genetics will be delayed to enter the market by ______.A.seven monthsB.three monthsC.four monthsD.eleven months43. Advertisements are aimed at people suffering from mild complaints because ______.A.they often watch ads on TVB.they are more likely to buy the drugs advertisedC.they generally lead a sedentary lifeD.they don't take to sports and easily catch colds44.(57)45.【C4】46. What suggestion does Sarah Jackson give on flexible working hours?A.Fathers should try to apply for the flexible working hours.B.Flexible work hours resolve the conflict between family and work.C.Employers grant flexible working hours to married women.D.Flexible work hours will make home inequalities worse.47.Who play professional football in the United States?A.Native-born American citizens.B.Europeans.C.South Americans.D.Both B and C.48.What is IMF's further plan in order to help Iceland get out of the trouble?49. 【S9】50. The author wants the parents to be aware that ______.A.it is useless sending boys to preschoolsB.they should spend more time with their kidsC.the current way of educating children might have problemsD.their children face serious emotional or behavioral problems51.Which of the following is nor included in Google's new service which extends AdSense?A.Advertisers will be able to select the specific sites where they want their ads to appear.B.Advertisers pay on the basis of the number of people who browse the ad.C.Advertisers are offered ads with animation.D.Advertisers will be advised on the contents.52. Why would anti-AIDS drugs stop working?53.Whether a person offers help in emergency is often conditioned by ______.54.Section BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice.At some time in your life, you may have a strong desire to do something strange or terrible. However, chances are that you don't act on your impulse, but let it pass instead. You know that to commit the action is wrong in some way and that other people will not accept your behavior.Perhaps the most interesting thing about the phenomenon of taboo behavior. is how it can change over the years within the same society, how certain behavior. and attitude once considered taboo can become perfectly acceptable and natural at another point in time. Topics such as death, for example, were once considered so upsetting and unpleasant that it was a taboo to even talk about them. Now with the publication of important books such as On Death and Dying and Learning to Say Goodbye, people have become more aware of the importance of expressing feelings about death and, as a result, are more willing to tall about this taboo subject.One of the newest taboos in American society is the topic of fat. Unlike many other taboos, fat is a topic that Americans talk about constantly. It's not taboo to talk about fat; it's taboo to be fat. The "in" look is thin, not fat. In the work world, most companies prefer youthful-looking, trim executives to sell their images as well as their products to the public. The thin look is associated with youth, vigor, and success. The fat person, on the other hand, is thought of as lazy and lacking in energy, self- discipline, and self-respect. In an image-conscious society like the U.S., thin is "in", fat is "out"!.It's not surprising, then, that millions of Americans have been obsessed with staying slim and "in shape". The pursuit of a youthful physical appearance is not, however, the sole reason for Americans' fascination with diet and exercise. Recent research has shown the critical importance of diet and exercise for personal health. As in most technologically developed nations, the life style. of North Americans has changed dramatically during the course of the last century. Modern machines do all the physical labor that people were once forced to do by hand. Cars and buses transport us quickly from point to point. As a result of inactivity and disuse, people's bodies can easily become weak and vulnerable to disease. In an effort to avoid such a fate, millions of Americans are spending more of their time exercising.From the passage we can infer taboo is ______.A.a strong desire to do something strange or terribleB.a crime committed on impulseC.behavior. considered unacceptable in society's eyesD.an unfavorable impression left on other people55.Who takes up the responsible managerial work of the old houses?A.The directors of the local branches of the Trust.B.The descendants of ex-owners of the structure.C.The members of the organization appointed for the post.D.The men who enjoy the prestige in the local places:56. According to the passage, the word "crosscut" ( Line 7, Para. 2 ) most probably means _____.A.scissoringB.editingC.reviseD.shortcut57.How did Yao react to O'Neil's comment?A.He attacked O'Neil violently.B.He ridiculed O'Neil before the reporter.C.He faced it with a sense of humor.D.He avoided to answer the reporter's question.58.What can be inferred from Paragraph ?A.Wal-Mart shouldn't be responsible for the ruin of the vision.B.The city authority sets out to plan buildings.C.The surroundings of the ancient site are dirty.D.The historic interest is well preserved.59.【C5】60.The Neutrality Act of 1939 permitted ______.四、5.Error Correction(5题)61.【S7】62.【S10】63.【S5】64.【S2】65. 【S8】五、6.Translation(5题)66. Make a list each day of all that you are grateful for, ______(这样你就能每天都注意到从别人那里得到了什么).67. The police were trying to find out ______(在车祸中丧生的人员的身份)．68. The output of coal in 1999 was _______________ (比1972 年增加了五倍).69. During the meeting, hardly ____________________(他刚一开始讲话，就被听众打断了).70. By contrast, American mothers were more likely. ______(把孩子的成功归因于) natural talent.参考答案1.C解析：文中作者说，"Those who used to laugh at the idea do not laughso often now."由此可见，那些过去嘲笑存在UFOs想法的人现在已不这样想了。

高考英语阅读理解健康类文章单选题30题答案解析版1.Healthy eating means having a balanced diet which includes plenty of fruits and vegetables. What does "balanced diet" mean?A.A diet with only fruits.B.A diet with only vegetables.C.A diet with a variety of foods in proper proportions.D.A diet with lots of junk food.答案：C。

“balanced diet”意为均衡饮食，即包含各种食物且比例恰当。

A 选项只有水果，B 选项只有蔬菜，都不是均衡饮食。

D 选项大量垃圾食品更不是健康的均衡饮食。

2.Which of the following is NOT a benefit of eating fruits and vegetables?A.Providing energy.B.Causing weight gain.C.Improving digestion.D.Strengthening the immune system.答案：B。

吃水果和蔬菜能提供能量、改善消化、增强免疫系统。

但不会导致体重增加。

3.To maintain a healthy diet, one should eat _______.rge amounts of meat every day.B.mostly processed foods.C.a variety of whole foods.D.only fast food.答案：C。

为保持健康饮食，应吃各种天然食物。

A 选项大量吃肉每天不健康。

B 选项主要吃加工食品不好。

D 选项只吃快餐不健康。

【单选】In some cases, when _____ exceeds a pre-set value ,the filter is automatically back flushed with air ,the displaced oil going to auxiliary drain tank where it is subsequently filtered and pumped back into the system A.the differential temperatureB.the differential pressureC.the temperature and pressureD.the pressure【单选】'Insufficiency of manning or insufficiency of certification of seafarers' is an identification of a/an ______.A.substandard shipB.standard shipC.over-standard shipD.reference ship【单选】'Loop,' 'uniflow,' 'crossflow,' and 'return-flow' are terms used to describe various types of ______.A.control air circuitsB.superchargingC.turbochargersD.scavenging【单选】 A DC generator is used to supply direct current in order to maintain an AC generator field and is known as a/an ______.A.rotorB.statorC.exciterD.armature【单选】 A centrifuge arranged to separate two liquids is known as _____.A.an oily water separatorB.a purifierC.a centrifugal compressorD.a clarifier【单选】 A circuit breaker and a fuse have a basic similarity in that they both ______.A.can be reset to energize the circuitB.should open the circuit when overloadedC.will burn out when an over current flow developsD.should short the circuit when overloaded【单选】 A circuit breaker differs from a fuse in that a circuit breaker ______.A.melts and must be replacedB.is enclosed in a tube of insulating material with metal ferrules at each endC.gives no visual indication of having opened the circuitD.trips to break the circuit and may be reset【单选】 A circuit breaker is ______.A.a distribution device B.a lighting equipmentC.the indicating instrumentD.an isolating switch【单选】 A combination combustible gas and oxygen indicator is an instrument that measures the _____ of both combustible gas and oxygen; each is indicated on a separate binationsC.concentrationD.filters【单选】 A diesel engine with a combustion chamber located between the crowns of two pistons is known as a/an ______.A.double-acting engineB.opposed pistons engineC.single-acting engineD.horizontal acting engine【单选】 A fire involving aluminum powder would be a class _________. A.'A' fireB.'B' fireC.'C' fireD.'D' fire【单选】 A hydraulic motor may be driven by ______.A.an electric motorB.a diesel engineC.a compressorD.oil【单选】 A marine diesel engine is started by______.A.supplying high pressure oil into a hydraulic motorB.supplying high temperature air into the cylinderC.supplying high pressure air into the cylinderD.electrical igniting【单选】 A positive displacement pump is that where the volume of the pump chamber is alternately increased to ___ and then decreased to ___. A.draw the liquid in / force the liquid outB.force the liquid out / draw the liquid inC.suction/drawD.deliver/outlet【单选】 A practical way of checking for excessive fuel injection in one cylinder of an operating diesel engine is to ______.A.feel the high pressure fuel lineB.check the cylinder exhausts for white smoke frequentlyC.check the cylinder exhaust temperatureD.isolate each cylinder and inspect the injector【单选】 A segregated ballast system is a system where ______.A.all ballast is processed through the oily water separatorB.ballast is taken on and discharged through a separate main deck riserC.ballast and cargo tanks are separated by cofferdamsD.all ballast lines, tanks, and pumps are independent of those used for oil【单选】 A supercharged diesel engine, when compared to a similar naturally aspirated diesel engine, will develop an increase in ______.A.ignition lagB.engine horsepowerC.lube oil system pressureD.specific fuel consumption【单选】 A viscosity regulator used for an engine is usually provided in order to _____ for an engine burning heavy fuel oil.A.regulate the fuel supplyB.maintain a constant fuel viscosity at the fuel valvesC.maintain efficient coolingD.alter the fuel density【单选】According to STCW, the abilities specified in the standards of competence are grouped as seven functions at three levels of responsibility, which of the following is not one of the three levels?A.Navigational levelB.Management levelC.Operational levelD.Support level【单选】According to the MARPOL CODE, glass, metal and paper materials should ______.A.never be discharged into seaB.be discharged beyond 12 nm from nearest landC.be discharged limited in 12 nm from nearest landD.be discharged to sea【单选】According to the SOLAS convention, the bilge water system ______A.The bilge pump must connect the bilge well suction directlyB.should not pump out the water accumulated in the cargosC.should not be used for emergency drainage in case of ship collisionD.should be connected to the fire fighting system directly【单选】After 'F.W.E.' is given, the air system is shut down, the _____ gear put in, all drains and indicator cocks opened, and the cooling water kept running.A.steeringB.timingC.turningD.running【单选】After 'finished with engine', which of the following cannot be shut off by the duty engineer ?A.fuel oil booster pumpB.the main starting valveC.the sea chestD.the main cooling sea water pump【单选】After taking on fuel oil, the hoses should be disconnected and ______.A.draped over the fantail to dry outB.drained over the side and washed outC.drained into the bilges and washed outD.drained into buckets【单选】Air chambers are usually fitted to reciprocating pumps in order to ___.A.increase discharge pressureB.increase suction vacuumC.develop pulsation flowD.keep a steady rate of flow【单选】All crew's assigned emergency stations can be found on the ship's ______.A.muster listB.certificate of inspectionC.clearance papersD.permit to proceed【单选】All details of fuel bunkering or slop disposal must be entered in the _____.A.rough logB.engine room log bookC.oil record bookD.smooth log【单选】An emergency generator, driven by an internal combustion engine, shall be tested under load for a minimum of 2 hours at least once every ______.A.weekB.2 weeksC.monthD.3 months【单选】An incinerator auxiliary burner can not be ignited. It is NOT caused by______.A.carbon deposits on the electrodesB.defective atomizerC.low oil pressureD.too much water in the oil sludge【单选】An incinerator auxiliary oil-fired burner is used to ignite ______.A.the solidwaste or the oil sludgeB.the solid waste onlyC.the oil sludge onlyD.neither the solid waste nor the oil sludge【单选】Anchor capstans are used in some installation where the cable lifter rotates about a ______. A.horizontal axisB.crankshaftC.vertical axisD.camshaft【单选】As for oil separator, ______contributes to poor separation efficiency and carries over of water into the clean oil outlet.A.A too big gravity discB.A too small gravity discC.The high oil temperatureD.The high speed motor【单选】As the amount of moisture in the air increases, the difference between the dry bulb and wet bulb temperatures will ______.A.increaseB.decreaseC.remain unchangedD.be greatest at dew point【单选】Before doing any work on a hydraulic system equipped with accumulators, you should ______.A.drain the accumulators and purge with oxygenB.bleed off all stored energy from the accumulators completely C.charge the accumulators to prevent system energy lossD.pump the hydraulic fluid into the accumulators to prevent fluid loss【单选】Before starting the engine, the air bottle should be ______.A.pumped up B.loaded C.discharged D.closed【单选】Biological sewage water treatment plant work on the_____.A.heating processB.settling processC.aeration processD.centrifuging process【单选】Cargo handling unit is rated according to the _____ to be lifted.A.cargo craneB.jibC.safe working loadD.oil pressure【单选】Centrifugal pumps, used to handle hot liquids, must have a minimum flow through them under all operating conditions. This flow serves to ______.A.prevent overheating and damage to pump rotating parts due to rubbingB.maintain the net positive suction head of the pumpC.maintain hydraulic differential in the pump impeller passagesD.purge the pump of non-condensable vapors and gases【单选】Coalescence is the breakdown of surface tension between oil droplets in an oil/water mixture, which causes them to join and _____ in size.A.expand B.extract C.increase D.decrease【单选】Combustion gases formed in the cylinder of a diesel engine are prevented from blowing past the piston by ______.A.cylinder pression ringsC.piston skirtsD.oil rings【单选】Cooling of engines is achieved by circulating a cooling liquid around internal ______ within the engine.A.airB.passagesC.pipesD.means【单选】Dual electro-hydraulic steering units usually operate ______.A.with both pumps on line at the same timeB.with one pump on standbyC.with the follow-up gear disconnectedD.only when the rudder is moved amidships【单选】During ______ the gases are driven out of the cylinder by the piston.A.The suction strokeB.The compression strokeC.The expansion strokeD.the exhaust stroke【单选】During purification, if the operating water tank is empty, which of the following malfunctions will appear?A.Some oil will flow from the water outlet of the separator.B.There will be some water in the purified oil.C.Some oil will flow from the sludge outlet of the separator.D.If discharging the sludge, there will be no flushing water.【单选】Each crank is made up of two crank webs joined by a common ______ to which the bottom end bearing is fitted. A.throw B.crankshaft C.crankpin D.crosshead【单选】Each cylinder liner on the marine medium speed engines _____. A.is usually cooled by sea water B.can be replaced when worn out C.is in direct contact with the water in the bore of the cylinder D.can't expand when heated【单选】Electric wires should have each feature of the following except ______.A.flame retardantB.moisture resistantC.oil resistant D.low conductivity【单选】Engine speeds at which resonance can occur are termed ______.A.maximum speedsB.full speedsC.sea speedsD.critical speeds【单选】Equal power factors on paralleled AC generators are maintained by an automatic ________.A.voltage regulatorB.reverse power relayC.reverse current ernor control switch【单选】Failure to open the diesel engine test cocks after a long period of shutdown, prior to starting may result in _______.A.an air bound fuel systemB.damage to cylinder heads and pistonsC.excessive fuel injectionD.excessive air valve lift【单选】Fuel droplets injected into a diesel engine cylinder must have adequate penetration to ______.A.prolong the ignition delay periodB.ensure the beginning of fuel injectionC.thoroughly utilize the air chargeD.allow controlled fuel combustion【单选】Fuel is ignited into a diesel engine cylinder by ______.A.a spark plugB.injectorsC.the heat of compressionD.increasing jacket water temperatures【单选】Full travel of the electronic governor actuator linkage must exceed the ______ travel of the engine fuel control to ensure that the engine fuel control is capable of moving from the 'off' position to 'full fuel'. A.minimumB.averageC.maximumD.half【单选】Heavy residual fuel oils are heated prior to centrifuging to ______.A.reduce fuel weightB.increase specific gravityC.separate fuel from lube oilD.reduce fuel viscosity【单选】How can the chance of contaminating hydraulic fluid be decreased when working on hydraulic systems?A.Clean the fittings before they are disconnected.B.Place drip pans under leaky fittings.C.Seal any cracks in lines with Permatex.D.Coat all threads with graphite oil. 【单选】ISM code has applied to the ships as follows exceptA.Passenger shipsB.Bulk freight vessels of 500 gross tons or moreC.Warship of 500 gross tons or moreD.High-speed craft of 500 gross tons or more【单选】If a cam-controlled engine has a normal injection pressure at rated speed, the injection pressure will be ______ at slow speed.A.a little lower B.a little higherC.too lowD.exactly the same【单选】If a fire ignites in the engine room as a result of a high pressure fuel oil leak, you should FIRST ______.A.secure the ventilationB.find a soda acid extinguisherC.shut off the fuel oil supplyD.secure the generator【单选】If an oil spill occurs on deck, you should ______.A.cover the area with foamB.cover the area with absorbent materialC.wash down immediately with a fire hoseD.wash down immediately with an oil dispersing solvent【单选】If found oil when we open low oil level plug of separator, it indicates _______.A.the separator is overloadedB.the monitor equipment of separator failsC.the discharge pump of separator can not workD.the temperature of oil water is low【单选】If the engine is at rest during maneuver for an extended period the engine should _______, of course, that navigational circumstances permit, before restarting on fuel.A.be turned on airB.be tried on powerC.be turned by the turning gearD.be tested on fuel【单选】If the pump for a hydraulic anchor windlass is overheating, the cause may be ______.A.increased pump speedB.excessive pump discharge pressureC.too low of a tilting box angleD.low pump speed【单选】If the sea water supply pressure for a diesel engine cooling system is below normal, you should check for a ______.A.broken thermostatB.clogged sea water strainerC.blown head gasketD.cracked head【单选】If the speed of a turbocharged diesel engine is maintained constant as the load on the engine is increased, the speed of the turbocharger will ______.A.decrease until the engine speed increasesB.increaseC.decreaseD.remain unchanged【单选】If you heard a 'crackling' noise in a centrifugal pump, the most probable cause of the problem would be ______.A.insufficient speedB.cavitationC.excess discharge pressureD.excessive net positive suction head【单选】Immediately after any diesel engine is started, the engineer should check the ______.A.crankcase pressureB.lube oil pressureC.saltwater pressureD.exhaust temperature【单选】In Maritime Labour Convention, hours of rest may be divided into no more than two periods, one of which shall be at least ___ hour in length, and the interval between consecutive periods of rest shall not exceed 14 hours.A.fourB.fiveC.sixD.seven【单选】In ___ pumps a closed discharge valve will cause bursting discharge pressure.A.centrifugalB.plungerC.injectorD.water【单选】In ______ the control action is independent of the output.A.a closed loop control system B.an open loop control systemC.a boiler control system D.a steering gear control system【单选】In a diesel engine cooling water system, a pH of 6.0 indicates a/an ______.A.slightly acidic conditionB.slightly alkaline conditionC.over-treatment of waterD.neutral condition of water【单选】In a general cargo crane, _____ is fitted to lift the cargo load.A.the slewing motorB.the luffing motorC.the hoisting motorD.the fan motor【单选】In a radial piston pump, reversal and control of fluid flow are accomplished by moving the _______. A.central valveB.radial plungerC.floating ringD.cylinder body【单选】In an air conditioning system, moisture is removed from the air by ______.A.filtersB.separatorsC.ducted trapsD.dehumidifiers【单选】In common rail engines, the fuel is ______ before is injected into the cylinders.A.stored in a common fuel lineB.pumped by the injection pumpC.at low pressureD.already atomized【单选】In some diesel engine designs, the injection of cylinder oil is timed to impinge when the piston is coming upward and only impinge on ______.A.piston skirtB.piston crownC.piston ring belt.D.cylinder ring belt【单选】In the Oil Record Book, a comprehensive list of operational items are grouped into operational sections. Each section is codified by a/an ______.A.numberB.abbreviationC.letterD.number、abbreviation and letter【单选】In the electronic governor actuator, the oil pressure is provided by a ______ pump driven by a shaft connected to the engine camshaft.A.servomotorB.hydraulic motorC.gearD.volute【单选】In the event of a small bunker oil spill on deck occurring while bunkering, youshould ______.A.wash down the area immediately with a fire hoseB.wash down the area with keroseneC.cover the area with absorbent materialD.cover the area with foam【单选】In the event of minor emergencies when the machinery spaces unattended, ______ will be informed of malfunctions in the machinery by his cabin monitor.A.the chief engineerB.the engineer on cabin watchC.the bridge officer on watchD.the master【单选】In the production of freshwater from seawater through a process of heating and cooling, the cooling phase of production is usually called ______.A.evaporationB.distillationC.dehydrationD.condensation【单选】Increasing the temperature of a fuel will _____ its viscosity, and vice-versa.A.increaseB.not changeC.reduceD.add【单选】It ______ for an emergency generator to require paralleling.A.is usual B.is not usualC.is necessaryD.is not impossible【单选】It is important to note that when an excessive amount of water is present in the fuel the temperature for centrifuging must be kept below ______, otherwise forming and agitation of the fuel takes place.A.the condensating point of waterB.the boiling point of waterC.the flash point of the fuelD.the flammable point of the fuel【单选】It is possible to mount a double suction centrifugal pump impeller with the vanes facing in the wrong direction. This would cause the pump ______.A.head capacity to improveB.discharge to be reversedC.efficiency to decreaseD.slippage to decrease【单选】Leakage of hydraulic fluid from around the shaft of a hydraulic motor may be caused by ______.A.permanent loss of pump suctionB.worn shaft sealsC.high level in the oil sumpD.low motor RPM【单选】Loss of lubricating oil pressure to the main propulsion diesel engine will actuate a/an ______.A.over-speed tripB.audible/visual alarmC.the ships/boats general alarmD.reserve oil storage tank【单选】Maintaining the lowest possible scavenging air temperature at all times is not recommended due to the possibility of the ______.A.air charge density becoming too highB.piston crown surfaces becoming too coldC.formation of excessive quantities of pression pressure being greatly reduced【单选】Maximum pressure readings should be taken when the engine is running on ______ as steadily as possible.A.half loadB.full loadC.average loadD.minimum load【单选】Motor controllers are seldom troubled with grounds because ______.A.the auxiliary contacts have a high resistance connectionB.the contactors and relays are mounted on a non-conducting panelC.the resistor banks are composed of individual series-connected unitsD.there are separate switches for the motor and the control【单选】Noxious emissions amount to 0.25～0.4 percent by volume of the exhaust gas, depending on the amount of ______ in the fuel and its lower heat value, and the engine type, speed and efficiency.A.carbonB.sulphurC.oxidD.water【单选】Over-greasing of ball bearings installed on pumps will result in ______.A.smoother pump operationB.overheating of the bearingC.reduced corrosion in the bearingD.increased pump capacity【单选】Owing to its __________, the low speed cross-head diesel engine is widely used on board ship as a main engine.A.smaller size and simple constructionB.long life, lower cost and reliabilityC.easier operation and managementD.simple construction and easier management【单选】Prior to closing the breaker when paralleling two AC generators, the recommended practice is to have the frequency of the incoming machine ______.A.slightly less than the line frequencyB.the same as the line frequencyC.slightly greater than the line frequencyD.have nothing to do with the line frequency【单选】Prior to starting, the purpose of turning over a main propulsion diesel engine with the cylinder test cocks open, is to ______.A.test the starting systemB.remove condensation from the cylindersC.check the compressionD.check for proper lube oil pressure【单选】Reheating a hardened component to a temperature lower than the hardening temperature and then cooling it is known as ______.A.low temperature hardeningB.case hardeningC.annealingD.tempering【单选】Remote control means that _____ .A.the system is manned manuallyB.the system is situated remotely from the operatorC.the system is controlled automaticallyD.the system is controlled from the bridge【单选】Restrictions occurring in the small orifices of pneumatic control system components can be caused by ______.A.moisture in the compressed air supplyB.excessive dryness in the compressed air supplyC.pressure surging in the compressed air receiverD.insufficient lubrication of the system components【单选】STCW Convention describes that _____ are laid down for the certification of engineer officers in charge of a watch in a traditionally manned engine room, or the designated engineer in a periodically unmanned engine room. A.available minimum requirementsB.available maximum requirementsC.mandatory minimum requirementsD.mandatory maximum requirements【单选】STCW Convention states that the officer in charge of the engineering watch is the _____ representative.A.ship-owner'sB.master'sC.chief engineer'sD.manager's【单选】Safe working conditions inside the crankcase are ______, especially for large bore engines where the components are quite heavy.A.reliableB.safetyC.easyD.important【单选】Seawater can be used for drinking ______. A.at a maximum rate of two ounces per dayB.after mixing with an equal quantity of fresh waterC.if gather during or immediately after a hard rainD.under no circumstance【单选】Smaller equipment may be supplied via ______ or miniature circuit breakers.A.exciters mutatorsC.fusesD.wattmeter【单选】The Abbreviation "ERM" in the Manila Amendments to the STCW Convention stands for ______.A.Engine Room ManagementB.Engine Resources ManagementC.Engineer Resources ManagementD.Engine-room Resources Management【单选】The ISM Code is a part of ____.A.SOLASB.MARPOLC.STCWD.Ballast Water convention【单选】The International Management Code for the Safe operation of ships and for Pollution Prevention is referred to as _______.A.ISM CodeB.IOPP CodeC.IMS CodeD.ISPS Code 【单选】The Port Authorities, in accordance with the IMO resolutions have been carrying out _____ to enhance safety of foreign ships.A.CPP B.FPP C.PSC D.FSC【单选】The SMS should provide for specific measures aimed at promoting the_____ of equipment or systems, the sudden operational failure of which may result in hazardous situations.A.visibilityB.abilityC.reliabilityD.capability【单选】The ______of the telemotor is mounted on the steeringgear.A.transmitterB.receiverC.pipesD.charging unit【单选】The ability of lubricating oils to resist viscosity changes during temperature changes is indicated by the ______.A.American Petroleum B.Institute number viscosity index numberC.Seconds Saybolt Furol numberD.Seconds Saybolt Universal number【单选】The activated sludge strength should be checked at regular intervals, and it is good that the color of the aeration compartment water is ______.A.chocolateB.yellowC.blackishD.ivory-white【单选】The air distributor is conventionally driven by ______ and distributes ______ into each cylinder by certain sequence.A.camshaft / fresh airB.camshaft / starting airC.electronic motor which is controlled by a computer / fresh airD.electronic motor which is controlled by a computer / starting air【单选】The burning of ______ is a class‘C’fire.A.diesel oilB.magnesiumC.dunnageD.electrical insulation【单选】The capacity of the supply pump to the separator should correspond with the recommended throughput, or it must be adjusted without the risk of ______ formation.A.sludgeB.emulsionC.oil runoutD.deposit【单选】The clutch band of a constant tensioning mooring winch must be set up tight enough to drive the winch drum and should slip only when ______. A.excessive loads are placed on the winch B.minimum pull is being exerted by the winch C.automatic operation of the winch is desired D.wire is being retrieved at the maximum rate【单选】The cooling water jacket is common to all the cylinders but there are often ______ to ensure that each cylinder receives the right amount and flow of water. A.dividing walls B.divided walls C.dividing liners D.divided jackets【单选】The descriptions about cetane number are TRUE except ______.A.Cetane number indicates ignition qualityB.The lower value the cetane number is of, the poorer the ignition quality will beC.Cetane number isn't the only measurement of ignition quality.D.Cetane number is measured by Redwood instrument【单选】The device that most commonly utilizes the principle of electromagnetic induction is the ______.A.diodeB.transformerC.transistorD.rheostat【单选】The engineer officer in charge of the watch shall ensure that ______are kept under constant surveillance.A.the devices and systems in chargeB.the communication devicesC.the main propulsion plant and auxiliary systemsD.the steering gear【单选】The expansion tank for a diesel engine closed cooling system is designed to maintain a constant head on the system and ______.A.reduce water temperatureB.reduce water turbulenceC.provide an air cushionD.allow for an increase in water volume as the engine warms up【单选】The extended aeration process consists of _____ the liquor either by bubbling air through it or by agitating the surface.A.deoxygenating B.oxygenatingC.chemicalizingD.disinfecting【单选】The frequency output of an operating alternator is controlled by the ______.A.relative speed of the rotor polesB.number of turns of wire in the armature coilC.strength of the magnets usedD.output voltage【单选】The instrument which the emergency switchboard doesn't need is ______.A.ammeter B.voltageC.wattmeterD.synchronous meter【单选】The load sharing characteristics of two diesel generators operating in parallel are mostly dependent on their governor ______.A.load limit settingsB.idle speed settingsC.speed limit settingsD.speed droop settings【单选】The lubricating oil purifier may ______ oil from the drain tank and ______ the clean oil into the supply line.A.take; takeB.discharge; takeC.discharge; dischargeD.take; discharge 【单选】The magnetic field is provided by electromagnets so arranged that adjacent poles have ______.A.opposite polarityB.the same polarityC.negative polarityD.positive polarity 【单选】The main objective of ISPS Code is ______.A.to prevent the human injury and the loss of lifeB.to specify the measures to enhance maritime securityC.to avoid the damage to the environment, particularly to the marine environmentD.to ensure the compliance with conventions【单选】The main objective of the SOLAS Convention is ______.A.to specify minimum standards for the construction, equipment and operation of ships.B.to specify minimum standards for the training, certification and watch keeping for seafarers.C.to provide minimum standards for the operation of vessels.D.to tell the company how to run the business.【单选】The majority of automatic mooring winches are _____ to improve the backward efficiency of the gear train for rendering.A.spur gearedB.screw gearedC.worm gearedD.belt driven【单选】The most critical part of the bunkering operations, which can result in an oil spill, is when the ______.A.hose joints are made upB.tanks are being topped offC.system is being lined upD.pumping operation is first started【单选】The officer in charge of an engineering watch shall have the knowledge of ERM principles, including obtaining and maintaining ______.A.situational awarenessB.safety awarenessC.environmental awarenessD.anti-pollution awareness【单选】The officer in charge of the engineering watch shall ensure that at all times bridge orders relating to changes in _____ of operation are immediately implemented. A.ahead or astern B.fore or aft C.up or down D.speed or direction【单选】The only means of removing the latent heat of condensation from a refrigerant in the normal refrigeration cycle is by ______.A.passing it through the expansion valveB.condensing refrigerant in the system condenserC.passing the gaseous refrigerant through the heat interchanger on the suction side of the compressorD.maintaining a high pressure on the system's receiver【单选】The operator of electrical motors should keep a constant check on the loads they carry because ______.A.low loads necessitate frequent insulation cleaningB.exceeding nameplate values shortens useful lifeC.energy is wasted if full loading is not utilizedD.power factor correction methods are load dependent【单选】The overcurrent relay _____ the motor contactor when the motor exceeds its rated current.A.connectsB.tripsC.foulsD.destructs【单选】The part of a fuse that melts and opens the circuit is made of ______.A.copper and antimonyB.steel and babbittC.aluminum or beryllium alloyD.zinc or an alloy of tin and lead【单选】The piston rod scraper box incorporated in a two-stroke/cycle, crosshead diesel engine serves to ______.A.eliminate the necessity for an oil scraper ringB.prevent side thrust and cylinder scoringC.prevent sludge and dirty oil from entering the crankcaseD.scrape oil。