英国概况练习（7）

英国练习题一、选择题1. 英国的首都是哪个城市？A. 曼彻斯特B. 伦敦C. 爱丁堡D. 利物浦2. 英国的官方语言是什么？A. 英语B. 法语C. 德语D. 西班牙语3. 英国的货币单位是什么？A. 欧元B. 英镑C. 美元D. 日元4. 英国的国旗被称为什么？A. 星条旗B. 联合旗C. 红白旗D. 蓝白旗5. 以下哪个不是英国的构成国？A. 英格兰B. 苏格兰C. 威尔士D. 爱尔兰二、填空题6. 英国由四个构成国组成，分别是英格兰、苏格兰、威尔士和________。

7. 英国的国花是________，象征着勇敢和坚强。

8. 英国的国石是________，是一种珍贵的宝石。

9. 英国的国歌是________，通常在重大场合演奏。

10. 英国的国鸟是________，是英国文化中常见的象征。

三、简答题11. 请简述英国的地理位置。

12. 描述一下英国的气候特点。

13. 英国在历史上有哪些重要的文化贡献？14. 英国有哪些著名的旅游景点？15. 英国的教育体系有何特点？四、论述题16. 论述英国工业革命对世界历史的影响。

17. 分析英国脱欧对欧洲政治经济的影响。

18. 讨论英国在现代国际关系中的角色和地位。

19. 描述英国文化多样性的特点及其对社会发展的意义。

20. 评价英国在环境保护和可持续发展方面的努力和成就。

五、案例分析题21. 阅读以下案例：2012年伦敦奥运会。

分析这次奥运会对英国社会经济和国际形象的影响。

22. 考虑英国的“脱欧”事件，分析其对英国国内政治、经济以及与欧盟关系的长远影响。

23. 以英国的“大本钟”为例，探讨英国历史建筑的保护和利用。

24. 分析英国的“国家医疗服务体系”（NHS）对国民健康和社会福利的贡献。

25. 以英国的“剑桥大学”为例，讨论高等教育在英国社会经济发展中的作用。

请注意，以上题目仅为示例，实际试卷应根据具体教学大纲和课程内容进行设计。

Ⅰ. True or False:1. The National Health Service (NHS) provides for every resident, regardless of income, a full range of medical services. T2. The National Health Service (NHS) is now a largely free service. T3. Social services authorities give help to families facing special problems. T4. Social security benefits are increased annually in line with percentage increases in retail prices. T5. General Practitioners receive fees based on the number of individuals who register with them as patients. F6. In Northern Ireland, the needs of those in difficulty are met by local authorities, who draw upon funds provided by the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP). F7. Eye tests and dental treatments in NHS hospitals are free of charge. F8. Personal social services refer to the provision of financial support for the people in difficulty. F9. Most British people now live in detached houses. FⅡ. Multiple choices:1. The National Health Service (NHS) was established in the United Kingdom in ____C_____.A. 1946B. 1947C. 1948D. 19492.____C____ is directly responsible for the NHS.A. Local governmentB. Central governmentC. V oluntary organizationsD. Certain social boards3. In Britain, children up to the age of __D____ can receive family allowances for children.A. 11B. 12C. 15D. 164. In Britain, pensions for the elderly, or retirement benefits, begin for women at the age of _____C___.A. 50B. 55C. 60D. 655. In England the NHS is managed by the ___B_____.A. Department for Work and PensionsB. Department of HealthC. Social Security AgencyD. Social Services Department6. The National Health Service in Britain provides a full range of medical services for ___C____.A. employeesB. residents aged between 18-60C. every residentD. residents aged over 607. Social Security in the UK is the government’s most expensive program, costing ___C__ of public funding.A. 20%B. 25%C. 30%D. 35%8. A family doctor in Britain is also known as a ___C___.A. general doctorB. general pharmacistC. general practitionerD. family practitioner9. In 2001 people in marriage accounted for __B_____ of the adult population in Britain.A. 60%B. 55%C. 50%D. 45%10. Houses have traditionally been divided into following types EXCEPT ___D___.A. detached houseB. semi-detached houseC. terraced houseD. attached houseⅢ. Comment on the problems the Social Security system confronts in the present UK.➢It makes citizens dependent and less inclined to work.➢It has been expanded to provide a large number of people indiscriminately with more money than the country can afford.➢The funding of its insurance side has always been problematic.➢It is very complicated for claimants and administrators alike with its array of benefits and is subject to fraud.➢One technical difficulty in implementing the system is that accurate figures of poverty are hard to define.➢The system has been criticised for the racism and sexism in the mind of the original architect of the system.。

Britain1. Where is the U. K.? And what is it made up of? What is its total area?- The U.K. is situated in Northwestern Europe, lying to the north of France and the west of the Netherlands and Denmark. It is made up of England, Scotland, Wales, numerous smaller coastal islands and Northern Ireland. Its total area is 242 534 square kilometers.2. What are the three Germanic tribes who form the basis of the modern British people?- The Angles, the Saxons and the Jutes which invaded Britain form the modern British people. 3. What do you know about the Roman influence on Britain?- The Roman occupation lasted for almost 350 years. The resulting growth of its civilization was more obvious in urban areas than among the agricultural peasants and weakest in the resistant highland zone. In the southeastern part, the Romans influenced life and culture radically. The English upper classes were thoroughly Romanized and transformed into Roman landlords and officials. Yet the Romans came to govern and to trade, not to settle; and they were too few in number to change the language and customs of the people as they did in France and Spain. Some of the native people become slaves of the Romans; true slave society was introduced into England.4. What were the consequences of the Norman Conquest?_ (1) The Norman Conquest caused important consequences. It increased the process of feudalism, which had begun during Anglo-Saxon times. By the early part of 12th century, the manor system had replaced the village system completely, and Feudalism was finally established in England.(2) William the Conqueror established a strong monarchy in England. The feudal system of England acquired a more centralized character than in other European countries of the time.(3) It brought about changes in the church. The upper ranks of the clergy were Normanized and feudalized, following the pattern of lay society,(4) Along with the Norman came the French language, which would be the language of court and upper classes until the 14th century.5. What were the contents and the nature of the Great Charter?- Contents: ( 1) the king was not to exact要求extra payments from the feudalvassals封臣without their consent; (2) laws were not to be modified by the arbitrary专断的action of the king; (3) If the king should attempt to free himself from law, the vassals had the right to force the king to obey it, by civil war or by otherwise.Nature: It was essentially a feudal document. It was made in the interests of feudal lords, great and small.6. What do you know about the English Renaissance?- Renaissance means "rebirth" - Europe rediscovering its origins in the cultures of ancient Greek and Rome. It was a cultural movement that arose with rise of the bourgeoisie. They were disintegrating movements, but also liberating ones and they were consistently related, by cause and effect, to liberating movement in politics, commerce and society in every country. The thinkers who worked for freedom and enlightenment were called humanists. The great English humanist was Sir Thomas More, who wrote his masterpiece Utopia. The English Renaissance was largely literary. Shakespeare was the greatest dramatist of the age.7. What do you know about the" Glorious Revolution"?- After three years of struggle, the Whig and Tory leaders at last united against James Ⅱ, whointended to establish absolutism in England with the aid of France and had restored Roman Catholics in civil government, etc. The leaders of the two parties planned a coup d’état. In June 1688 the leaders of Parliament invited William of Holland and Mary, daughter of James II, to come and take the throne. William landed with army and he was so welcomed that James 1I ran away to France. William and Mary were then crowned as joint rulers. This was known in history as "The Glorious Revolution".8. Why did the Industrial Revolution first take place in Britain?- Because Britain had some special conditions which no other country could match. These conditions are: the accumulation of capital; the development of, capitalistic farming; the appearance of a labor reserve; and the expansion of markets, domestic and foreign.9. How did the Industrial Revolution exert a great influence on both British society and the world?- The Industrial Revolution was not only a technological revolution but also a great social upheaval. It exerted a great influence on both British society and the world. The Industrial Revolution promoted the development of production. It began to produce large quantity of low-priced goods in a more efficient manner. New cities came into being; population increased; the home market was enlarged. The British goods almost achieved a monopoly situation in the world market. A factory system was established. Workers were employed and managers became capitalists. Two conflicting classes were born.10. How did the Chartist Movement take place in Britain? What was the reason for the failure of the Movement?- In 1836 the London WorkingMen’sAssociation was organized. In 1837 a petition, known as the People's Charter was drawn up. The mainpoint was to seek universal suffrage, which was the beginning of the Chartist Movement.The failure of the Movement is its divided leadership and lack of a strong basis of class unity. During the movement the Chartists could be divided into two groups-- moral force, which believed in reform by peaceful means; and physician force, which advocated violence.11. How did Britain take part in the First World War?- After the Germans invaded Belgium in August 4, 1914, thereby violating a neutrality that Britain was committed by treaty to support, Britain took part in the war.12. What role did Winston Churchill play in the Second World War?- He played an important role in the Second World War. In the crisis of the Second World War, Winston Churchill took over as Prime Minster in 1940. Winston Churchill also led the country during the"miracle of Dunkirk" at the end of May in 1940. That was 338 000 Allied troops' evacuation to Britain from Dunkirk. He and Roosevelt, Stalin decided to open the second battlefield in Europe at the Teheran Conference. He proposed to continue to fight against Japan until the end of the war. Although Britain's island status protected it from invasion, the civilians were involved in the war in a way that had never happened before. German bombing raids destroyed many cities, including London. However, Churchill and his people never gave up, and he received massive popular support as a war leader and led his country to final victory in 1945.13. How many types of universities are there in Britain? Which two universities are the most famous ones?- There are five types: 1) old universities, 2) the four Scottish universities, 3): the middle-ageduniversities, 4) the new universities, 5) the Open University, and Buckingham University (the one independent university). Oxford and Cambridge are the oldest and the most famous in the world.14. What are the main news agencies in Britain? What do you know about Reuters?- Reuters, the Press Association Ltd., and Extel Financial are the main news agencies in Britain. Reuters is one of the four major news agencies in the world. It was founded in 1851 in London. It has about 1200 reporters stationed in 183 countries and regions. It is an important propaganda tool of the British monopoly bourgeoisie.15. What did Charles Robert Darwin develop? What do you know about his theory?- Charles Robert Darwin developed a theory of evolution. His theory of evolution is that all living beings, including men are evolved from more primitive species instead of being created by God.16.Who are the greatest British novelists? And what are their finest works?Charles Dickens’Oliver Twist and Black House; John Galsworthy’s From the Four Winds; Herbert George Well’s The Time Machine; David Herbert Lawrence’s Sons and Lovers; Walter Scott’s Waverley; Daniel Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe; Jonathan Swift’s Gulliver’s Travels.17.How many plays did William Shakespeare write? Why are his plays still frequently acted?37 plays. His plays contain a surprising variety of human qualities and moods, and a wealth of eloquence and word-mastery.18. What festival is the greatest in Britain? What is its significance and at what time is it celebrated?- Christmas Day is the greatest festival in Britain. Its significance• is to commemora te the birth of Jesus Christ which is on December 25.19. What are the three great religions of the world? When were they founded? Who were their founders?- Buddhism was founded in the 6th century B. C. by Sakyamuni; Islam was founded in the 7th century by Mohammed; Christianity was founded in 30 A. D. by Jesus Christ.20. How do you understand "She reigns but she does not rule"?- Though the Queen in Britain has various constitutional rights, she has no real power and was controlled by the Parliament and the cabinet. The United Kingdom is governed in the name of the Crown.21. What is the core of the leadership of the British government?- The Cabinet is the core of the leadership of the British government.22. Which are the two major parties in Britain today?- They are the Conservative Party and the Labor Party.。

英美概况题英国部分Exercises of Chapter OneI. For each statement there are four choices marked A, B, C, D, choose the best oneto complete the statement.1. The national flag of the United Kingdom, known as the Union Jack, is made up of _____ crosses.A. oneB. twoC. threeD. four2. Which flower is the symbol of England/Scotland/Wales/Northern Ireland?A. ThistleB. ShamrockC. DaffodilD. Rose3. The highest mountain peak in Britain is in ________.A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. WalesD. Northern Ireland4. The largest lake in Britain is ______.A. Loch LomondB. the Lough NeaghC. WindermereD. Ullswater5. The largest lake in Britain is located in ________.A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. WalesD. Northern Ireland6. The Lake District is well-known for________.A. its wild and beautiful sceneryB. its varied lakesC. the lake PoetsD. all of the above three7. The British Isles are made up of______.A. two large islands and hundreds of small onesB. two large islands and Northern IrelandC. three large islands and hundreds of small onesD. three large islands and Northern Ireland8. Which is the largest city in Scotland?A. CardiffB. EdinburghC. GlasgowD. Manchester9. There are ______ political divisions on the island of Great Britain.A. oneB. twoC. threeD. four10. Among the four political divisions of Britain, __________ is the most densely populated.A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. WalesD. Northern Ireland11. The capital of Scotland is __________.A. BelfastB. CardiffC. EdinburghD. Dublin12. Britain’s climate is influenced by ______that sweeps up from the equator and flowspast the British Isles.A. the Atlantic Gulf StreamB. the Brazil CurrentC. the Labrador CurrentD. the Falkland currentII. Read the following statements carefully and decide if each of them is Tru e or False.1. To the west of Great Britain is the second largest island known as Scotland.2. There are three political divisions on the island of Great Britain. They are England，Scotland and Wales.3. The Pennines are known as the “Backbone of England”.4. London, the capital of the UK, is situated on the Severn Rive r near its mouth.5. The official name of UK is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.6. The longest river in Britain is River Thames.7. On the island of Great Britain, there are four political divisions—England, Scotland, Wales and Ireland.8. God Save the Queen is a national anthem used only in Britain.9. The highest point of the Pennines is Cross Fell which is 893 meters high.10. The largest lake in England is Lake Windermere which is located in the Lake District.III. Fill in the blanks1.The capital of the Scotland is ___________, the capital of Wales is ________ , the capital of theRepublic of Ireland is __________ and the capital of Northern Ireland is _____________.1. Edinburgh, Cardiff, Dublin, Belfast2. The highest peak of Britain is __________. It is located in the Highlands of Scotland.3. _________ is the largest and most populous of the three political divisions on the island of Great Britain.4. Britain is separated from the European continent by the North Sea, __________________ and ______________________. 4. the Strait of Dover, the English Channel5. _______________ is the longest river in Britain.6. The “Backbone of England” refers to the __________________.7. ______________ is the second longest and most important river in Britain.8. _________________ is the largest lake in Britain which is located in Northern Ireland.9. The climate of Britain is moderated by the ________________________ and is much milder than that of many places in the same latitude.10. The British national anthem is ____________________.11. The British Isles are made up of two large islands- _____________ and ___________, and hundreds of small ones.12. The three political divisions on the island of Great Britain are _________, ________, and _______.IV. Directions: Give a brief answer to each of the following questions.1. What is the general climate in Britain?2. What is the most important river in Britain?3. What is the longest river in Britain?4. What does “UK ” stand for?5. What is UK made up of?Exercises of Chapter TwoI. For each statement there are four choices marked A, B, C, D. Choose the best oneto complete the statement.1. The English people are descendants of ________.A. CeltsB. RomansC. Anglo-SaxonsD. Danes2. Middle English took shape about a century after the ________ Conquest.A. RomanB. Anglo-SaxonC. Norman D Danish3. The Romans led by Julius Caesar launched their first invasion on Britain in _______.A. 200B.C. B. 55 B.C. C. 55 A.D. D. 410 A. D.4. The Hundred Years’ War started in _________.A. 1733B. 1453C. 1337D. 13575. The spirit of the Great Charter was the limitation of the powers of _______, keeping them within the bounds of the feudal law of the land.A. the Archbishop of CanterburyB. the baronsC. the churchD. the king6. The earliest settlers on the British Isles were the ________.A. CeltsB. GaelsC. IberiansD. Brythons7. The British recorded history begins with ________.A. the arrival and settlement of CeltsB. the Norman ConquestC. Roman invasionD. Viking and Danish invasions8. The English Civil War is also called ______.A. the Puritan RevolutionB. the second Magna CartaC. the Long ParliamentD. the Anglican War9. In 43 A.D. Romans under ________ conquered Britain.A. Julius CaesarB. ClaudiusC. AugustineD. the Pope10. The Wars of Roses were fought between the House of__________ and theHouse of __________.A. Lanchester, YorkB. Lanchester, KentC. Lancaster, KentD. Lancaster, York11. Doomsday Book was in fact a reco rd of each man’s ________.A. experienceB. behaviorC. propertyD. reputation12. The British Industrial Revolution first began in the________ industry.A. iron and steelB. textileC. coal-miningD. ship-building13. Who invaded and conquered Britain for the first time in55 BC____?A. Emperor ClaudiusB. Julius CaesarC. King AlfredD. King Ethelred14. Christmas Day ______, Duke William was crowned in Westminster Abbey.A. 1056B. 1066C. 1006D. 1060II. Read the following statements carefully and decide if each of them is True or False.1. It was the Angles who gave their name to England and the English people.2. The Wars of the Roses affected the ordinary people very much.3. William Walworth launched the Peasant Revolt of 1381 in England.4. In the English Civil War, the Puritans were not the King's opponents.5. The Anglo-Saxon Conquest was important in English history because it laid the foundation on which the English nation was to be formed.6. The Great Charter was signed in 1215 by King John.7. The Chartist Movement finally succeeded and it constituted a glorious page in the history of the workers’ struggle for liberation.8. Henry VII was responsible for the founding of the Church of England.9. The Hundred Yea r’s War refers to the intermittent war between France and England that lasted from 1337 to 1453.III. Fill in the blanks1. The England Civil War not only overthrew __________ in England, but also undermined the feudal rule in Europe.2. During the First Civil War, those who stood on the side of the king were called ________ and those who supported the Parliament were called ______ because of their short haircuts.3. The Romans brought the new religion, _______ , to Britain.4. The battle of _______ witnessed the death of Harold in October, 1066.5. After the Industial Revolution, Britain became the “________” of the world.IV. Explain the following terms in English.1. Black Death2. Industrial Revolution3. the Wars of Roses4. Norman Conquest of 1066:5. Roman invasion of BritainV. Write between 100 ~ 150 words on the following topics1. How did the “Glorious Revolution” break out? What was the significance of it?2. The Civil Wars and their consequencesExercises of Chapter ThreeI. For each statement there are four choices marked A, B, C, D. Choose the best oneto complete the statement.1. By tradition, the leader of the majority party is appointed ______ by the Sovereign in the United Kingdom.A. Prime MinisterB. Member of ParliamentC. Lord of AppealD. Speaker of the House2. The British Prime Minister is appointed by __________ and he or she always sits in _______.A. the Queen, the House of CommonsB. the Speaker, the House of LordsC. the Archbishop of Canterbury, the House of CommonsD. the Archbishop of Canterbury, the House of Lords3. All the government ministers of Britain must be members of ________.A. the House of LordsB. the House of CommonsC. the Privy CouncilD. Parliament.4. The party that has the majority of seats in ________ will form the government.A. the House of CommonsB. the House of LordsC. the Privy CouncilD. the Cabinet5. The ultimate authority for law-making resides in the ________.A. the House of LordsB. the House of CommonsC. the Privy CouncilD. the Shadow Cabinet6. The predecessor of the English parliament is ________.A. the Great councilB. the WitanC. the House of PlantagenetD. Magna Carta7. The House of Commons consists of ________ Members of Parliament.A. 651B. 1,200C. 1,198D. 7638. The Tories were the forerunners of _______ , which still bears the nickname today.A. the Labour PartyB. the Liberal PartyC. the Social Democratic PartyD. the Conservative Party9. Which group of people can NOT vote in the general election in Great Britain?A. members in the house of CommonsB. Lords in the House of LordsC. the UK citizens above the age of 18D. the UK resident citizens of the Irish Republic10. The party which wins the second largest numbers of seats at the House ofcommons is called __________.A. the frontbenchersB. the backbenchersC. the shadow cabinetD. the Opposition11. In Britain, government cannot spend any money without the permission of ________.A. the QueenB. the Prime MinisterC.the House of CommonsD. the House of Lords12. Which document, for the first time in English history, forced King to take the advice of nobles?A. the Petition of Right of 1628B. Habeas Corpus ActC. Magna CartaD. the Bill of Rights of 168913. Elizabeth II succeeded to the throne in ______.A. 1951B. 1952C. 1953D. 195414. Among the following members the first one to succeed to the throne is _____________.A. the king’s brotherB. the catholic sonC. the protestant daughterD. the protestant son15. The monarch’s eldest daughter is usually called ___________.A. princess of WalesB. princess royalC. princess daughterD. female prince of Wales16. Most of the practical work of the government is done by __________.A. the prime ministerB. the cabinet ministersC. the heads of departmentsD. the civil servants17. A civil servant must be ______.A. a member of the Party in powerB. a member of parliamentC. active in politicsD. politically neutral18. The High Court of Justice includes the following divisions except the ___.A. the Queen’s BenchB. the Chancellor DivisionC. the Family DivisionD. the Criminal Division19. The House of Lords is preside by __________.A. the Lord ChancellorB. the QueenC. the Archbishop of CanterburyD. the Prime MinisterII. Read the following statements carefully and decide if each of them is True or False.1. Members of Parliament (MPs) are those who inherit the noble titles.2. The system of the parliamentary government of the U.K. is based on a written constitution.3. The House of Lords is now made up of two kinds of Lords: the Lords Spiritual and the Lords Temporal.4. In Britain, changes of Government do not involve changes in departmental staff, who continue to carry out their duties whichever party is in power.5. The Queen formally appoints all government office holders except the Prime Minister.6. Prime Minister is the leader of the British government.7. The title of the life peer is hereditary.III. Fill in the blanks1. The Whigs were the forerunners of the ________ Party while the Tories were the forerunners of the ________ party of England.2. The three major political parties in the UK are __________________, ____________________ and __________________.3. The present sovereign of Britain is Queen ________, and Prince ________ is the heir to the throne.4. The presiding officer of the House of Commons is“ ________.”5. The person who presides over the debate of the Upper House is known as_______.6. British Parliament consists of the Sovereign, the House of _____ and the House of ______.7. The United Kingdom is a __________ monarchy, in which the ________ is the head of state and the __________ is the head of government.8. Britain is divided into ______ constituencies. Each of the constituencies returns _____ member to the House of Commons.A general Election must be held every _____ years and is often held at more frequent intervals.9. The party which wins the second largest number of seats becomes the official ___________, with its own leader and “___________ cabinet”.IV. Explain the following terms in English.1. constitutional monarchy2. the OppositionV. Directions: Give a brief answer to each of the following questions.1. What are the two major political parties in Britain?2. What is the role of the Monarchy in the British government?3. What are the main functions of Parliament?Exercises of Chapter FiveI. For each statement there are four choices marked A, B, C, D. Choose the best oneto complete the statement.1. In Britain compulsory education presently ends at ______________.A. 14B. 16C. 17D. 182. Which one is not considered as the most famous boarding private schools in Britain?A. Eton CollegeB. Harrow SchoolC. Woodland Junior SchoolD. Rugby School3. Only those p upils with the highest marks in the “eleven plus” examination can go to _____ schools.A. grammarB. independentC. comprehensiveD. Public4. If a student wants to go to university in Britain，he will take the examination called_____________.A. General Certificate of Education—AdvancedB. General Certificate of Secondary EducationC. the common entrance examinationD. General National V ocational Qualifications.5. In Britain, the great majority of parents send their children to _________.A. private schoolsB. independent schoolsC. state schools.D. public schools6. Buckingham University is a(n) _____ university which was established in 1973.A. independentB. openC. oldD. stateII. Read the following statements carefully and decide if each of them is True or False.1. Education in Britain is compulsory for children aged from 5 to 16.2. Like all British universities, Buckingham University is also partially funded by central government grants.3. Boarding private schools, such as Eton College, Harrow School are open to all in Britain and a large percentage of population can attend the schools.4. Of all the English university Oxford and Cambridge are the most prestigious5. Grammar schools emphasize academic studies and teacha wide range of subjects.III. Fill in the blanks1. The examination all students in England and Wales should take at the end of their compulsory education is ___________________________.2. In the United Kingdom, education is compulsory for all between the ages of ______ and ________.3. The academic degrees in America are the Bachelor’s degree, the __________ and the Doctor’s degree.Exercises of Chapter SixI. Match the following works with their authors.a. Canterbury Talesb. Paradise Lostc. Robinson Crusoed. Hamlete. Pride and Prejudice1. Jane Austin2. Shakespeare3. Geoffrey Chaucer4. John Milton5. Daniel DefoeII. True or false?1.John Donne is regarded as a metaphysical poet in the 17thC.2.Francis Bacon was a famous dramatist in the Renaissance period.3.Romantic poets in Britain celebrate the beauty of nature, value powerful feelings / emotions ofeach individual, and regard imagination as the source of literary creation.4.Charles Dickens is considered the greatest novelist in the Victorian period.5.Jane Eyre is a novel written by Thomas HardyIII. Fill in the blanks.1. The novel Tess of the D’Urbervi lles is written by2. The publication of Lyrical Ballads marked the beginning of in British literature.3. The writing technique shared by James Joyce and Virginia Woolf is termed as4. Sons and Lovers by D.H. Lawrence is read by some critics as an illustration of , which suggests that boys have a suppressed desire to marry their mothers.5. The keynote of Renai ssance literature is , ie, “Man is the measure of everything.”6. Two of the most important literary writers of the late 17thCentury England were _____ and _____. Both were Puritans.IV. Define the term “symbolism” with reference to the novel Lord of the Flies by William Golding.Exercises of Chapter SevenI. For each statement there are four choices marked A, B, C, D. Choose the best oneto complete the statement.1. What is the most popular type of home in England?A. A semi-detached houseB. A detached houseC. A flatD. A terraced house2. Three “Don’ts” include the following except _____.A. jumping up the queueB. asking a woman her ageC. bargaining while shoppingD. laughing at one’s own faults3. Three “ings” include the following except _____.A. bettingB. drinkingC. tippingD. bargaining4. The three royal traditions are the following except _____.A. playing the fluteB. the changing of the Queen’s guardC. making a parliamentary speech by QueenD. watching the horse racingII. Fill in the blanks1. In terms of marriage no child can marry below the age of _____.2. The nickname for Britain is __________.3. In Britian, if someone says “I want to wash my hands”, what he/she really means is that he/she is going to a ______________.4. It is said that British people are ____________, which means they don’t like small talk.5. British people are usually considered ____________, because are inclined to be suspicious of anything that is strange or foreign.Exercises of Chapter EightI. For each statement there are four choices marked A, B, C, D. Choose the best oneto complete the statement.1. Where is the international tennis championship held?A. Wembley.B. Wimbledon.C. St AndrewsD. Clapham.2. Easter is kept, commemorating the ________of Jesus Christ.A. comingB. birthC. deathD. resurrection3. Which one of the following features is NOT related to quality newspapers?A. providing gossips about film stars, politicians, etc.B. long informative articlesC. wide range of topicsD. objective presentation, less sensational language4. The established church of Britain is ________.A. The Church of ScotlandB. Free churchesC. The United Reformed ChurchD. The Church of England5. Christianity has three main groups except __________.A. the Roman CatholicB. the Eastern Orthodox ChurchC. the Protestant ChurchD. Buddhism6. British newspapers possess the following features except _____.A. freedom of speechB. fast deliveryC. monoplied by one of the five large organizationD. no difficulty for independent newspapers to survive7. The earliest newspaper in Britain is _____.A. Daily MailB. Daily TelegraphsC. The TimesD. Guardian8. The Economist, New Statesman, Spectator are _____.A. journalsB. daily newspapersC. local papersD. Sunday newspapers9. The Church of England is also called _____.A. the Anglican ChurchB. the CongregationalC. the Salvation ArmyD. PuritanismII. Read the following statements carefully and decide if eachof them is True or False.1. The national church in Scotland is also the Church of England.III. Fill in the blanks1. In England, People usually ______ when first introduced.2. There are two established church in Britain: ____________ and _____________.3. The three world religions are Buddhism, Islam and ________.4. ______ is the doctrine of Christianity.。

英国概况练习题《英国概况》试题(1)I. Multiple Choices: Choose one right answer from the four choices:1. The highest mountain in Britain is _B___.A. ScafellB. Ben NevisC. the CotswoldsD. the Forth2. The longest river in Britain is _____.A. the ClydeB. the MerseyC. the SevernD. the Thames3. The largest lake in Britain is _____.A. the Lough NeageB.Windermere WaterC. Coniston WaterD.the Lake District4. Which part of Britain is always fighting?A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. WalesD. Northem Ireland5. The immigrants coming to Britain are mainly from _____.A. EuropeB. the United StatesC. AfricaD. the West Indies, Indies and Pakistan6. The first inhabitants in Britain were _____.A. the NormansB. the CeltsC. the IberiansD. the Anglo-Saxons7. British Recorded history began with _____.A. Roman invasionB. the Norman ConquestC. the Viking and Danish invasionD. the Anglo-Saxons invasion8. In 829, _____ actually became the overlord of all the English.A. JohnB. James IC. EgbertD. Henry I9. Christmas Day ____, Duke William was crowned in Westminster Abbey.A. 1056B. 1066C. 1006D. 106010. Henry II was the first king of the _____ dynasty.A. WindsorB. TudorC. MalcolmD. Plantagenet11. In 1265 ____ summoned the Great Council, which has been seen as the earliest parliament.A. Henry IIIB. the PopeC. BaronsD. Simon de Montfort12. The H undred Years? war started in ____ and ended in ____, in which the Englishhad lost all the territories of France except the French port of ____.A. 1337, 1453, FlandersB. 1337, 1453, CalaisC. 1346, 1453, ArgencourtD. 1346, 1453, Brest13. The Wars of Roses lasted for _____ years and king _____ was replaced byking _____.A. 30, Richard III, Henry TudorB. 50, Richard III, Henry TudorC. 30, Richard I, Henry TudorD. 50, Richard I, Henry Tudor14. The Renaissance began in ____ in the early ____ century.A. England, 14B. England, 15C. Italy, 14D. Italy, 1515. The English Civil War is also called _____.A. the Glorious RevolutionB. the Bloody RevolutionC. the Catholic RevolutionD. the Puritan Revolution16. In _____, a small group of Puritans sailed from _____ in the Mayflower to be the first settlers of America.A. 1620, LondonB. 1620, PlymouthC. 1720, LondonD. 1720, Plymouth17. In the 18th century, there appeared ____ in England, which owed a great deal to the invention of machines.A. the Industrial RevolutionB. the Bourgeois RevolutionC. the Wars of the RosesD. the Religious Reformation18. English colonial expansion began with the colonization of _____ in 1583.A. CanadaB. AustraliaC. IndiaD. Newfoundland19. _____ was famous for his abdication because of his marriage with a divorced American:A. Edward VIIIB. Edward VIIC. George VID. George VII20. In January _____ Britain became a member of the European Economic Community.A. 1957B. 1967C. 1973D. 1979英美概况试题(2)21. Soon after _____, Britain not only gave up its economic hegemony but also suffered a deep loss of its position ofindustrial leadership.A. 1900B. the First World WarC. the Second World WarD. 196022. In the 1970s among the developed countries, Britain maintainedthe lowest _____ rate and the highest _____ rate.A. inflation, growthB. growth, inflationC. growth, divorceD. growth, birth23. The following are all reasons of British decline of coal industry except _____.A. the exhaustion of old minesB. costly extractionC. little money being investedD. the labour shortage24. Britain?s foreign trade is mainly with _____.A. developing countriesB. other Commonwealth countriesC. other developed countriesD. EC25. The House of Lords is presided over by _____.A. the Lord ChancellorB. the QueenC. the Archbishop of CanterburyD. the Prime Minister26. A General Election is held every _____ years and there are_____ members of Parliaments are elected.A. five, 600B. five, 650C. five, 651D. four, 65127. The Prime Minister is appointed by _____ and he or she alwayssits in _____.A. the Archbishop of Canterbury, the House of CommonsB. the Archbishop of Canterbury, the House of LordsC. the Queen, the House of CommonsD. the Queen, the House of Lords28. The ultimate authority for law-making resides in _____.A. the QueenB. the CabinetC. the House of LordsD. the House of Commons29. The sources of British law include _____.A. statutes, common law, equity law and European Community lawB. statutes, common law and equity lawC. statutes, common law and European Community lawD. a complete code and statutes30. In criminal trials by jury, _____ passes sentenced and _____decide the issue of guilt or innocence.A. the judge, the juryB. the judge, the judgeC. the jury, the juryD. the Lord Chancellor, the jury31. ____ tries the most serious offences such as murder and robbery.A. Magistrates? courtsB. Youth courtsC. district courtsD. The Crown Court32. London?s Metropolitan Poli ce Force is under the control of_____.A. the England secretariesB. the Scottish SecretariesC. Northern Ireland SecretariesD. the Home Secretary33. The National Health Service was established in the UK in _____and based at first on _____.A. 1948, Acts of ParliamentB. 1958, Acts of ParliamentC. 1948, the Bill of RightsD. 1958, the Bill of Rights34. The non-contributory social security benefits include thefollowing except _____.A. war pensionB. child benefitC. family creditD. unemployment benefit35. Except that _____ may not be a Roman Catholic, public officesare open without distinction to members of all churchs or of none.A. the lord ChancellorB. the Prime MinisterC. the SpeakerD. the ministers of all departments36. About 90 per cent of the state secondary school population inthe UK attend _____.A. independent schoolsB. junior schoolsC. independent schoolsD. primary schools37. There are some ____ universities, including the Open University.A. 900B. 290C. 90D. 5038. In Britain, children from the age of 5 to 16 can _____ by law.A. receive completely free educationB. receive partly free educationC. receive no free education if their families are richD. receive no free education at all答案answers :I. Multiple Choices: Choose one right answer from the four choices.1. B2. C3. A4. D5. D6. C7. A8. C9. B 10. D 11. D 12. B 13. A 14. C 15. D 16. B 17. A 18. D 19. A20. C 21. C 22. B 23. D 24. C 25.A 26. C 27. C 28.D 29. A 30. A 31.D 32. D 33. A 34. D 35. A 36. D 37. C 38. A英美概况试题(3)II. Fill in the blanks:1. Geographically speaking, the north and west of Britain are highlands_______, while the east and south-east are mostly_lowlands_____.2. Welsh is located in the __west____ of Great Britain.3. The ancestors of the English _ Anglo-Saxons _____, while the Scots, Welsh and Irish the ___ Celts ___.4. In the mid-5th century, three Teuronic tribes ______, _____, and _____ invaded Britain. Among them, the _____ gave their name to English people.5. The battle of _______ witnessed the death of Harold in October, 1066.6. Under William, the ______ system in England was completely established.7. The property record in William?s time is known as ______, which was compiled in _____.8. _____?s grave became a place of pilgrimage in and beyond chaucer?s time after hewas murdered.9. ______ was the deadly bubonic plague, which reduced England?s population from four million to ______ million by the end of the 14th century.10.One of the consequences of the Uprising of 1381 was the emergence of a new class of ______ farmers.11. James I and his son Charles I both believed firmly in ______.12.During the Civil War, the Cavaliers supported ________, while the Roundheadssupported _______.13. After the Civil War, Oliver Cromwell declared England a ______, later, he became _________.14. In 1707, the Act of _______ united England and ______.15. The two parties originated with the Glorious Revolution were _____ and_______. The former were the forerunners of the ______ Party, the latter were of the ______ party.16. In 1765, the Scottish inventor _____ produced a very efficient _____ that couldbe applied to textile and other machinery.17. After the Industria l Revolution, Britain became the “______” of the world.18. During the Second World War ________ led Britain to final victory in 1945.19. In 1974 and 1977, the two ______ shock caused inflation to rise dramatically.20. Natural gas was discovered in 1965 and oil in 1970 under _______.21. _______ has Europe?s largest collection of foreign owned chip factories.22. New industries in Britain include______, ______ and other high-tech industries.23. The party which wins the second largest number of seats becomes the official______, with its own leader and “______ cabinet”.24.The Prime Minister is appointed by ______, and his/her official residence is25. There are two tiers of local government throughout England and Wales: _____and ______.26. The criminal law in Britain presumes the _____ of the accused until he has beenproved guilty beyond reasonable doubt.27. The jury usually consists of _______ persons in England, Wales and NorthernIreland, and _____ persons in Scotland.28. The ultimate court of appeal in civil cases throughout the UK is _______.29. In Britain the welfare state applies mainly to _____, national insurance and______.30. The two established churches in Britain are ____ and _____.31. Education in the UK is compulsory for all between the ages of ______ inNorthen Ireland) and _____.32. In the past children in Britain were allocated to different secondary schools onthe basis of selection tests known as _______, which was replaced by ______.33. Education after 16 in the UK is divided into _____ and ______.34.T he most-known universities in Britain are _____ and _____ which date from the_____ and _____ centuries.答案answers：1. highlands, lowlands3. Anglo-Saxons, Celts4. Jutes, Saxons, Angles, Angles5. Hastings6. feudal7. Domesday Book, 1086 8. Thomas Becket 9. Black Death, two10. yeomen 11. the Divine Right of Kings 12. the king, the Parliament13. Commonwealth, Lord Protector 14. Union, Scotland15. Whigs Tories Liberal Conservative 16. James Watt steam engine17. workship 18. Winston Churchill 19. oil 20. the North Sea21. Scotland 22. microprocessors and computer, biotechnology23. Opposition, shadow 24. the Queen, No. 10 Downing25. country councils, district councils 26. innocence27. 12, 15 28. the House of Lords29. the National Health Service, social security30. the Church of England, the Church of Scotland31. 5, 4, 16 32. eleven-plus, comprehensive schools33. further education, high education 34. Oxford, Cambridge, 12th, 13th英国概况试题(4)Explain the following terms.1. William the ConquerorWilliam was Duke of Normandy. He landed his army in Oct, 1066 and defeated king Harold. Then he was crowned king of England on Christams Day the same year. He established a strong Norman government and the feudal system in England.2. the Hundred Years? WarIt referred to the intermittent war between France and England that last from 1337 to 1453. The causes were partly territorial and partly economic. When Edward IIIclaimed the French Crown but the French refused to recognize, the war broke out. At first the English were successful, but in the end, they were defeated and lost almost all their possessions in France. The expelling of the English was a blessing for both countries.3. the Wars of RosesThey referred to the battles between the House of Lancaster and the House of York between 1455 and 1485. The former was symbolized by the red rose, and the latter by the white one. After the wars, feudalism received its death blow and the king?s power became supreme. Thdor monarchs ruled England and Wales for over two hundred years.4. Whigs and ToriesIt referred to the two party names which originated with the Glorious Revolution of 1688. The Whigs were those who opposed absolute monarchy and supported the right to religious freedom for Noncomformists. The T ories were those who supported hereditary monarchy and were reluctant to remove kings. The Whigs formed a coalition with dissident Tories and became the Liberal Party. The T ories were the forerunners of the Conservative Party.5. Queen Elizabeth IIThe present Sovereign, born in 1926, came to the throne in 1952 and was crowned in 1953. The Queen is the symbol of the whole nation, the center of many national ceremonies and the leader of society.英国概况试题(5)Please answer the questions.(前三题请自己思考)1. Please introduce …cohabitation? of Britain and put forward your opinion on it.2. How would you account for the fact that far fewer women than men are in top positions or have highly paid jobs?3. What are the causes of crimes in Britain today? How do you understand the causes of juvenile crime?4. What were the contents and the significance of the Great Charter?——The Great Charter, or the Magna Carta, was document signed in 1215 between the barons and king John. It had altogether 63 clauses, of which themost important contents were these: (1) no tax should be made without the approval of the Grand Council; (2) no freeman should be arrested, imprisoned, or deprived of his property except by the law of the land; (3) the church should possess all its rights and privileges; (4) London and other towns should retain their ancient rights and privileges; (5) there should be the same weights and measures throughout the country.The Great Charter was a statement of the feudal and legal relationship between the Crown and the barons, a guarantee of the freedom of the Church and a limitation of the powers of the king. The spirit of the Great Charter was the limitation of the powers of the king, but it has long been regarded as the foundation of English liberties.5. How did the English Industrial Revolution proceed?——The Industrial Revolution began with the textile industry. It?s characterized by a series of inventions and improvements of machin es, such as John Ray?s flying shuttle, James Hargreaves?spinning Jenny, Richard Arkwright?s waterframe and Samuel Cropton?s mule. The Scottish inventor James Watt produced a very efficient steam engine in 1765, which could be applied to textile and other machinery. The most important element in speeding industrialization was the breakthrough in smelting iron with coke instead of charcoal in 1709. Similar developments occurred in the forging side of the iron industry which enabled iron to replace wool and stone in many sectors of the economy. Improved transporation ran parallel with production.As a result of the industrial revolution, Britain was by 1830 the “workshop of the world”; no other country could compete with her in industrial production.6. How did the Labour Party come into being?——As the new working class became established in the industrial towns in the late 18th century, they became aware of the power which they could possess if they acted together instead of separately. So various working class organizations were formed which brought about the formation of the Labour Party.The Labour Party had its origins in the Independent Labour Party, which was formed in January, 1893 and Led by Keir Hardie, a Scottish miner. The foundation of an effective party for labour depended on the trade unions. In 1900, representatives of trade unions, the ILP, and a number of small societies set up the Labour Representation Committee (LRC). The LRC changed its name to be Labour Party in time for the general election which was called for 1906. The Labour Party remains one of the two major parties in Britain until today.7. What is a constitutional monarchy? When did it begin in Britain?—— A constitutional monarchy is a governmental system in which the head of State is a king or a queen who reigns but does not rule. The country is namely reigned by the Sovereign, but virtually by His or Her Majesty?s Government ——a body of Ministers who are the leading members of whichever political party the electorate has voted into office, and who are responsible to Parliament.The Constitutional Monarchy in Britain began in 1689, when king William and Queen Mary jointly accepted the Bill of Rights, which guaranteed free speech within both the House of Lords and the House of Commons and constitutional monarchy, of a monarchy with power limited by Parliament began.8. What is the role of the Monarchy in the British government?—— The sovereign is the symbol of the whole nation. In law, he/she is head of the executive, an integral part of the legislature, head of the judiciary, the commander-in-chief of all the a rmed forces of the crown and the “supreme governor” of the established church of England.9. What are the main functions of Parliament ?—— The main functions of Parliament are: (1) to pass laws;(2) to provide the means of carrying on the work of government by voting for taxation; (3) to examine government policy and administration, including proposals for expenditure;(4) to debate the major issues of the day.。

大学英美概况试题及答案# 大学英语英美概况试题及答案一、选择题1. 英国的首都是哪里？A. 伦敦B. 爱丁堡C. 曼彻斯特D. 利物浦答案：A2. 美国的独立日是什么时候？A. 7月4日B. 7月14日C. 8月15日D. 9月11日答案：A3. 以下哪个不是英国的传统节日？A. 圣诞节B. 复活节C. 感恩节D. 圣乔治日答案：C4. 美国的官方语言是什么？A. 英语B. 西班牙语C. 法语D. 德语答案：A5. 英国的货币单位是什么？A. 欧元B. 英镑C. 美元D. 日元答案：B二、填空题6. 英国由四个构成国组成，分别是_________、苏格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰。

答案：英格兰7. 美国的首都是_________。

答案：华盛顿哥伦比亚特区8. 英国的国花是_________。

答案：玫瑰9. 美国的人口最多的州是_________。

答案：加利福尼亚州10. 英国的国歌是_________。

答案：《天佑女王》或《天佑国王》三、简答题11. 简述英国的地理位置。

答案：英国位于欧洲大陆西北面，由大不列颠岛和爱尔兰岛的北部以及其他许多小岛组成。

它被北海、英吉利海峡、凯尔特海、爱尔兰海和大西洋所环绕。

12. 描述美国的地理特征。

答案：美国位于北美洲，东临大西洋，西濒太平洋，北接加拿大，南界墨西哥和墨西哥湾。

美国有着多样化的地理特征，包括广阔的平原、高耸的山脉、深邃的峡谷和广阔的森林。

13. 英国和美国在文化上有哪些主要差异？答案：英国和美国虽然共享许多文化元素，但也存在显著差异。

例如，英国人通常更加保守和传统，而美国人则更加开放和自由。

在饮食方面，英国人喜欢喝茶和享用全英式早餐，而美国人则偏爱咖啡和快餐。

此外，英国人重视礼节和等级制度，而美国人则倾向于更加平等和非正式的社交方式。

四、论述题14. 论述英美两国在教育体系上的主要差异。

答案：英国的教育体系强调学术深度和专业研究，学生通常在16岁后选择特定学科进行深入学习。

Chapter 27.The British history before 55BC is basically undocumented.(T)8.The Celts became the dominant group in Britain between the 8th and 5th centuriesBC.(T)9.The name of Britain came from a Celtic tribe--- the Britons.(T)10.The Anglo--Saxons came to Britain in the mid--5th century.(T)11.The chief or king of the Anglo--Saxon tribes exercised power at their ownwill.(F)12.The Vikings began to attack the English coast in the 8th century.(T)13.Henry II built up a large empire which included England and most of France.(T)14.The Magna Carta was designed to protect the rights of both the privileged classand the townspeople.(F)15.The Hundred Years' War was a series of wars fought between England andNormans foe trade and territory.(F)16.In an effort to make a compromise between different religious factions,QueenElizabeth I actually defended the fruit of the Religious Reformation.(T)1. The D attack on Rome ended the Roman occupation in Britain in 410.A. NormanB. DanishC. CelticD. Germanic17.By the late 7th century, D became the dominant religion in England.A. Celtic ChristianityB. Anglo-Saxon ChristianityC. Germanic ChristianityD. Roman Christianity18.Westminster Abbey was built at the time of B .A. St. AugustineB. Edward the ConfessorC. William the ConquerorD. Alfred the Great19.The C marked the establishment of feudalism in England.A. Viking invasionB. signing of the Magna CartaC. Norman ConquestD. Adoption of common law20.The end of the Wars of the Roses led to the rule of C .A. the House of ValoisB. the House of YorkC. the House of TudorD. the House of Lancaster21.The direct cause for the Religious Reformation was King Henry VIII’s effort toA .A. divorce his wifeB. break with RomeC. support the ProtestantsD. declare his supreme power over the church22.The English Civil War broke out in 1642 between B .A. Protestants and PuritansB. Royalists and ParliamentariansC. nobles and peasantsD. aristocrats and Christians23. A was passed after the Glorious Revolution.A. Bill of RightsB. Act of SupremacyC. Provisions of OxfordD. Magna Carta24.The Industrial Revolution was accomplished in Britain by the middle of the Ccentury.A. 17thB. 18thC. 19thD. 20th25.Britain faced strong challenges in its global imperial dominance by the beginning of theD century.A. 17thB. 18thC. 19thD. 20thChapter 326.Conventions are regarded less important than common law in the working of theBritish government.(F)27.The British monarchy has never been interrupted throughout the history.(F)28.In reality,the British King or Queen is the source of all government powers.(F)29.British Parliament is the law--making body of the Commonwealth of Nations.(F)30.Lords Spiritual and Lords Temporal are all members in the British UpperHouse.(T)31.The members in the House of Commons are appointed rather than elected.(F)32.The British Prime Minister is the leader of the majority party in Parliament.(T)33.Cabinet members are chosen by the Prime Minister from various political partiesin Parliament.(F)34.British law consists of two parts,the civil law and the criminal law.(T)35.The legal systems in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland are muchsimilar in terms of law, organization and practice.(F)1. The British government is characterized by a division of powers between three ofthe following branches with the exception of the C .A. judiciaryB. legislatureC. monarchyD. executive36.The importance of the British monarchy can be seen in its effect on D .A.passing the billsB. advising the governmentC. political partiesD. public attitude37.As a revising chamber, the House of Lords is expected to B the Houseof Commons.A. rivalB. complementC. criticizeD. inspect38.British Cabinet works on the principle of A .A. collective responsibilityB. individual responsibilityC. defending the collectivismD. defending the individuals39.The main duty of the British Privy Council is to B .A. make decisionsB. give adviceC. pass billsD. supervise the Cabinet40.In Britain, the parliamentary general election is held every C years.A. threeB. fourC. fiveD. six41. C has a distinct legal system based on Roman law.A. WalesB. EnglandC. ScotlandD. Northern Ireland42.Generally speaking, the British Parliament operates on a B system.A. single-partyB. two-partyC. three-partyD. multi-party43.The policies of the Conservative Party are characterized by pragmatism andD .A. government interventionB. nationalization of enterprisesC. social reformD. a belief in individualism44.The Labor Party affected the British society greatly in that it A .A. set up the National Health ServiceB. improved public transportationC. abolished the old tax systemD.enhanced the economic development Chapter 445.Britain was the first industrialized nation in the world.(T)46.The British economy experienced a relative decline during the postwar period.(T)47.Limited resources and high unemployment rate were persistent problems thatprevented rapid economic development in Britain.(F)48.Thatcher's revolution turned out to be a great success in dealing with all theBritish econimic and social problems.(F)49.The economic approach adopted by Tony Blair is different from that of the Laborparty and the Conservative Party.(T)50.Blair made the Bank of England independent in order to separate politics andeconomic policy.(T)51.Britain is the world's leading exporter of poultry and dairy products.(F)52.The fishing industry provides more than 50%of Britain's demand for fish.(T)53.Britain is an important oil exporter since its oil industry has a long history.(F)54.Nuclear power is one of the major energy sources in Britain.(T)1. The British economy achieved global dominance by the C .A. 1860sB. 1870sC. 1880sD.1890s55.In B , the British Parliament passed two important acts to establish awelfare state.A. 1945B. 1946C. 1947D. 194856.The A in the early 1970s worsened an already stagnant economy inBritain.A. oil crisisB. high inflation ratesC. large importsD. unemployment problem57.Of the following practices, C does not belong to Thatcher’s socialwelfare reform.A. reducing child benefitsB. shortening the unemployment benefits periodC. reducing the unemploymentD. lowering old age pensions58.The Blair government has been successful in all the following aspects exceptD .A. limiting government spendingB. keeping inflation under controlC. reducing unemploymentD. reducing inequality59.Britain has devoted C of its land area to agriculture.A. 54%B. 64%C. 74%D.84%60.Britain’s important fishing areas include all the following except D .A. the North SeaB. the English ChannelC. The sea area around IrelandD. The sea area between Britain and Ireland61.Coal mining industry in Britain provides B of the energy consumed inthe country.A. 1/3B. 1/4C. 1/5D. 2/362.The car industry in Britain in mostly A .A. foreign-ownedB. state-ownedC. joint-ventureD. privately-owned63.Of the following sectors in Britain, C has experienced spectaculargrowth since the end of Word War II.A. AgricultureB. energy industryC. service industryD.manufacturing industry Chapter 564.The British government has been responsible for education since the early1800s.(F)cation in Britain is compulsory for all children between the ages of 6 and15.(F)66.The National Curriculum is compulsory in both the state system and theindependent system.(F)67.When children finish their schooling at 16, they are required to take a nationalGCSE examination.(T)68.Graduates from state schools in Britain have a less favorable chance to enterfamous universities than those from independent schools.(T)69.In the 1960s, a large number of new universities were founded in Britain.(T)70.Most British people begin their day with reading the morning newspaper and endit watching television in the evening.(T)71.The Times is the world's oldest national newspaper(F)72.The BBC World Service broadcasts only in English throughout the world.(F)73.Some British holidays are celebrated to mark the important events of theChristian calendar, and others are related to local customs and traditions.(T)1. In Britain, the division between grammar schools and vocational schools were ended by the introduction of comprehensive schools in the D .A. 1930sB. 1940sC. 1950sD. 1960s74.About B of British children receive primary and secondary educationthrough the independent system.A. 5%B. 6%C. 7%D. 8%75.Partially funded by central government grants, the British universities receivetheir remaining funds from all the following sources except B .A. tuition feesB. loansC. donationsD.corporate contributions76.Of the following, A is NOT a basis of admission to Britain’suniversities.A. result in national entrance testB. A-level resultC. an interviewD. school references77.To be admitted to the Open University, one need B .A. some educational qualificationsB. no educational qualificationsC. General Certificate of Education-AdvancedD.General National V ocationalQualifications78.Among Britain’s quality press, the following newspapers are regarded as the “BigThree” with the exception of C .A. The TimesB. The GuardianC. The ObserverD. The Daily Telegraph79.Life on Earth is a kind of C program produced by the BBC and ispopular among 500 million viewers worldwide.A. featureB. dramaC. documentaryD. soap opera80. D is Britain’s top pay television provider.A. BSBB. SkyTVC. BBCD. BSkyB81.Of the following, D is NOT a common feature of all the Britishholidays.A. families getting togetherB. friends exchanging good wishesC. friends enjoying each other’s companyD. families traveling overseas82.The following Christmas traditions are particularly British except A .A. Trooping the ColorB. Queen’s Christmas messageC. Boxing DayD. Christmas pantomimeChapter 983.America was named after Amerigo Vespucci, who arrived on the new continentafter Columbus.(T)84.The second Continental Congress was held in Philadelphia, and the ContinentalArmy and Navy were founded under the command of Thomas Jefferson.(F)85.The Civil War not only put an end to slavery, but also decided that America was asingle, indivisible nation.(T)86.Many American people approved of the Vietnam War.(F)87.During Clinton's term, the economy developed steadily, resulting in a lower rateof unemployment.(T)88.In 1990, American troops and the troops from allied nations launched OperationDesert Storm in order to drive Iraqi troops out of Kuwait.(T)89.According to the American administration, Saddam Hussein and Osama binLaden were responsible for the terrorist event on September11,2001.(F)90.The America government regarded Iraq a nation among the "axis of evil".(T)91.On March 19,2003,American and United Nation's troops, supported by severalother countries, began an invasion of Iraq.(F)92.Although the combat operations in Iraq are over, it is still hard for America todecide when to withdraw its army.(T)1.The first successful English colony in North America was founded at C in .A. Jamestown, LouisianaB. Boston, MassachusettsC. Jamestown, VirginiaD. Plymouth, Georgia93.Pilgrim Fathers are a group of B who came to America to avoidpersecution in England.A. ProtestantsB. PuritansC. CatholicsD. Christians94.The Seven Years’ War occurred between the C .A. French and American IndiansB. French and SpaniardsC. French and BritishD. British and American Indians95.“No taxation without representation” was the rallying slogan of D .A. the settlers of VirginiaB. the people of PennsylvaniaC. the colonists in New EnglandD. the people of the 13 colonies96.The first shots of the American War of Independence were fired in B .A. ConcordB. LexingtonC. PhiladelphiaD. Boston97.In May 1775, B was held in Philadelphia and began to assume thefunctions of a national government.A. the First Continental CongressB. the Second Continental CongressC. the Boston Tea PartyD. the Congress of Confederation98.Abraham Lincoln issued C to grant freedom to all slaves.A. Declaration of IndependenceB. ConstitutionC. Emancipation ProclamationD. Bill of Rights99.The policy of the United States was A at the beginning of the two worldwars.A. neutralityB. full involvementC. partial involvementD. appeasement 100.President C applied New Deal to deal with the problems of the Great Depression.A. WilsonB. TrumanC. RooseveltD. Kennedy 101.The Vietnam War was a long-time suffering for Americans, and it continued throughout the terms of Presidents D .A. Johnson, Nixon and FordB. Truman, Eisenhower and KennedyC. Kennedy, Johnson and NixonD. Eisenhower, Kennedy and Johnson Chapter 10102.Bill of Rights was written into the Constitution in 1787.(F)103.The form of American government is based on three main principles: federalism, the separation of powers, and respect for the Constitution and the rule of law.(T) 104.The U.S. Congress is the legislative branch of the federal government and it consists of two houses: the House of Commons and the House of Lords.(F) 105.Certain presidential appointments must be approved by Congress.(T)106.The judicial branch of the federal government consists of a series of courts: the Supreme Court, the courts of appeals and the district courts.(T)107.Like Britain, the United States has a two--party system.(T)108.The Democratic Party is conservative in terms of its ideology.(F)109.American presidential campaign adheres to the "winner-take-all" practice.(T) 110.American foreign policy throughout the World War II was neutrality.(F)111.American foreign policy during the Cold War period was containment and intervention.(T)1.The U. S. Constitution came into effect in B .A. 1787B. 1789C. 1791D. 1793112.The Constitution of the United States C .A. gives the most power to CongressB. gives the most power to the PresidentC. tries to give each branch enough power to balance the othersD. gives the most power to the Supreme Court113.The Bill of Rights B .A. defines the rights of Congress and the rights of the PresidentB. guarantees citizens of the United States specific individual rights and freedomsC. is part of the Declaration of IndependenceD. has no relationship with the Constitution114.The following except B are guaranteed in the Bill of Rights.A. freedom of religionB. the right to get into people’s house by policeC. freedom of speech and of pressD. the right to own one’s weapon if one wishes115.All the following except C cannot make legislative proposal.A. the SenatorB. the RepresentativeC. the Secretary of StateD. the President116.The following except C are all powers of the President.A. vetoing any bills passed by CongressB. appointing federal judges when vacancies occurC. making lawsD. issuing executive orders117.According to the Constitution, a candidate for President must be D .A. at least 35 years oldB. at least a 14 years’ resident of the United StatesC. born in AmericaD. all of the above118.The terms for a Senator and Representative are D and years respectively.A. two, fourB. two, threeC. two, sixD. six, two 119.The Supreme Court is composed of D justices.A. sixB. sevenC. eightD. nine120.The President is directly voted into office by C .A. all citizens of AmericaB. the citizens over 18 years oldC. electors elected by the votersD. the senators and representatives Chapter 11121.America is the world's largest industrial nation.(T)122.America has a mixed economy and the government has little control over businesses.(F)123.Charter companies contributed to Britain's successful colonization of the U.S.(T) 124.In the U.S. Constitution, the recognition of the importance of "intellectual property" could be identified.(T)125.Although slavery was abolished as a result of the Civil War, the owners of。

英美概况英国部分练习题英美概况 - 英国部分练习题英国，位于欧洲西北部的一个岛国，是英联邦成员国之一。

它以其悠久的历史，丰富的文化遗产，以及对现代科技和艺术的贡献而闻名于世。

下面是一些关于英国的练习题，让我们来测试一下你对这个国家的了解吧！1. 英国的首都是哪个城市？a) 伦敦b) 曼彻斯特c) 爱丁堡d) 都柏林2. 英国的国旗是什么颜色的？a) 红色、白色和蓝色b) 红色、白色和绿色c) 红色、白色和黄色d) 蓝色、白色和红色3. 威廉·莎士比亚是英国最著名的戏剧作家之一。

以下哪个是他的作品？a) 《哈姆雷特》b) 《鲁密欧与朱丽叶》c) 《奥赛罗》d) 以上都是4. 英国的皇室家族是？a) 伊丽莎白家族b) 斯图亚特家族c) 神秘家族d) 温莎家族5. 英国最著名的晚餐菜肴之一是什么？a) 鱼和薯条b) 汉堡包c) 比萨饼d) 果酱面包6. 英国的标准货币是什么？a) 欧元b) 英镑c) 美元d) 日元7. 英国最古老的大学是？a) 牛津大学b) 剑桥大学c) 帝国理工学院d) 伦敦城市大学8. 英国传统的下午茶时间通常是在下午几点？a) 1点b) 3点c) 5点d) 7点9. 英国最高的峰是什么？a) 英格兰山b) 威尔士山c) 苏格兰山d) 北爱尔兰山10. 英国最有名的音乐节是？a) 格拉斯顿伯里音乐节b) 皇家艾伯特音乐厅音乐节c) 圣理查德音乐节d) 狂欢节希望你已经作出了选择。

接下来，让我们来看看答案。

答案:1. a) 伦敦2. a) 红色、白色和蓝色3. d) 以上都是4. d) 温莎家族5. a) 鱼和薯条6. b) 英镑7. a) 牛津大学8. b) 3点9. c) 苏格兰山10. a) 格拉斯顿伯里音乐节希望这些问题能帮助你更深入地了解英国。

英国是一个充满魅力的国家，拥有丰富的历史和文化遗产，值得我们去探索和学习。

无论你是对历史、文学、音乐还是其他领域感兴趣，英国都能提供给你丰富的资源和体验。