非谓语动词经典总结
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非谓语动词总结非谓语动词是英语语法中的一种重要的句子成分,包括动词不定式、动名词和现在分词。
非谓语动词可以在句子中作主语、宾语、定语、状语等,具有丰富的用法和功能。
下面将对非谓语动词进行总结并详细介绍其用法和特点。
一、动词不定式1.基本形式:to + 动词原形。
例如:to eat, to sleep, to study, to run等。
2.作主语:a)It + be + adj. + to-infinitive。
例如:It is important to study hard.b)To-infinitive + be + 主语。
例如:To study hard is importantfor students.3.作宾语:a)动词 + to-infinitive。
例如:I like to read books.b)动词不定式作宾语补语。
例如:I find it boring to watch TV.4.作定语:被修饰的名词前加不定式。
例如:I have a book to read.5.作状语:a)表示目的:动词 + to-infinitive。
例如:I go to school to study.b)表示结果:动词 + too + adj./adv. + to-infinitive。
例如:He was too tired to run.c)表示方式:动词 + adj. + to-infinitive。
例如:She was surprised to see me.d)表示条件:动词 + v.原 + to-infinitive。
例如:I want to have a rest to be able to work tomorrow.二、动名词1.基本形式:动词原形 + -ing。
例如:eating, sleeping, studying, running等。
2.作主语:a)动名词单独作主语。
例如:Swimming is good for health.b)It + be + adj. + for + 动名词。
精选全文完整版非谓语动词就是不能作句子谓语而具有其他语法功能的动词。
表语:主语/ 不定式和ing分词均能作主语,二者有何区别?表示某一具体的动作时,多用不定式;表示比较抽象的一般行为倾向的,多 1.用动名词。
作形式主2.动名词作主语时通常位于句首;不定式作主语时常置于句末,用it语放在句首。
1) Smoking is prohibited(禁止)here.2) It is not very good for you to smoke so much.Seeing is believing.To see is to believe.若主语和表语都是非谓语动词, 应保持形式上的一致。
宾语:1. 有些动词后只跟不定式作宾语,如:帮……manage, promise, pretend, plan, offer, agree, ask, dare, choose, fail, help(want(想要) , refuse等。
助),决心学会想希望,拒绝设法愿假装。
主动答应选计划,同意请求帮一帮。
2. 有些动词后只跟动名词作宾语,如:practise, appreciate, dislike, excuse, forgive, keep, resist, risk, deny, advise,fancy, ……complete, forbid, permit, allow, stand, refer to, give up, lead to, take to, set about, getdown to, object to, succeed in, have difficulty in... 考虑建议盼原谅,承认推迟没得想。
避免错过继续练,否认完成就欣赏。
禁止想象才冒险,不禁介意准逃亡。
分后既可以跟不定式又可以跟ing3.有些动词如begin, start; love, like, hate, prefer 不定式表示具分词一般表示经常性的行为;词作宾语,意义上无多大区别(但ing。
非谓语动词知识点总结非谓语动词是英语语法中的一个重要知识点,它可以用来修饰主语或宾语,增强句子的表达力和信息量。
在本文中,我将详细介绍非谓语动词的用法和一些常见的形式。
希望通过本文的阅读,读者能够更好地理解和运用非谓语动词,提高自己的英语写作水平。
一、非谓语动词的定义和分类非谓语动词是指在句子中充当动词的成分,但不具备谓语的功能。
它不受主语的人称和数的限制,也不受时态的影响。
根据其形式和功能的不同,非谓语动词可以分为动名词、不定式和分词三种形式。
1. 动名词(Gerund)动名词是动词加上-ing形式构成的名词,常用作主语、宾语、表语、宾补等。
例如:- Smoking is harmful to health.(吸烟对健康有害)- I enjoy swimming in the sea.(我喜欢在海里游泳)- His hobby is playing basketball.(他的爱好是打篮球)2. 不定式(Infinitive)不定式是动词的原形加上to构成的形式,常用作动词、形容词或名词的补语。
例如:- He wants to buy a new car.(他想买一辆新车)- I have a lot of work to do.(我有很多工作要做)- The book is too heavy to carry.(这本书太重,无法携带)3. 分词(Participle)分词是动词的-ing形式(现在分词)或-ed、-en等形式(过去分词)构成的形容词,常用作定语、状语或补语。
例如:- The running water is very clear.(流动的水非常清澈)- The broken vase has been repaired.(打破的花瓶已经修好了)- We were surprised by the exciting news.(令人兴奋的消息让我们感到惊讶)二、非谓语动词的用法非谓语动词在句子中具有独立的语法功能,可以用来修饰名词、代词、动词、形容词和副词等,以及构成复合句的各种从句。
非谓语动词知识点总结非谓语动词知识点总结非谓语动词,又叫非限定动词,非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词,接下来是小编为您整理的非谓语动词知识点总结,希望对您有所帮助。
I.概述1.基本形式的变化:不定式:时态主动态被动态一般式to doto be done进行式to be doing完成式to have builtto have been builtJohn said that he had run in order to catch the bus. (一般式的主动态)He hated to be misunderstood by others. (一般式的被动态) He pretended to be listening attentively. (进行式)He intended to have told you that. (完成式主动态)This work of art seemed to have been created several centuries ago. (完成式的被动态)v-ing形式时态主动态被动态一般式doingbeing done完成式having donehaving been done注意:不及物动词没有被动式动名词I am sure of his coming in time. (一般式主动态) (= I am sure that he will come in time)He is proud of being selected as monitor. (一般式被动态) (= He is proud that he is selected as monitor.)I’m confident of his having passed the exam. (完成式主动态) (= I am confident that he have passed the exam.)He complained of having been cheated by others. (完成式被动态)现在分词He sat in a chair,reading a novel. (一般式主动态)Being exhausted by work, he fell asleep quickly. (一般式被动态)Having finished his homework, he went playing. (完成式主动态)All this having been settled, he went home. (完成式被动态)2.所做成分项目/成分主语表语宾语宾补定语状语动词的ing形式现在分词△ △△△动名词△△△ △不定式△△△△△△过去分词△ △△△注:现在分词、不定式、过去分词都可以作独立成分。
动词不定式和动名词作主语一,作主语⒈不定式作主语动词不定式作主语时,句子的谓语动词常用单数,其位置有以下两种:(1)把不定式置于句首, 不定式作主语侧重于将来特定的某一次, 如:To get there by bike will take us half an hour.(2)用it作形式主语,把真正的主语不定式置于句后,常用于下列句式中.如:①It+be+名词+to doIt's our duty to take good care of the old.②It takes sb + some time +to doHow long did it take you to finish the work③It+be+形容词+for sb +to doIt is difficult for us to finish writing the composition in a quarter of an hour.④It+be+形容词+of sb +to doIt is stupid of you to write down everything the teacher says.⑤It seems(appears)+形容词+to doIt seemed impossible to save money.在句型③中,常用表示客观情况的形容词,如:difficult, easy, hard, important, impossible, necessary 等;在句型④中,常用careless, clever, good, foolish, honest, kind, lazy, nice, right, silly, stupid, wise等表示赞扬或批评的词.在不定式前的sb,可看作其逻辑主语.这一句式有时相当于Sb is+形容词+to do句式,如:It's kind of you to help me with my English.=You are kind to help me with my English.⒉动名词作主语(1)把动名词置于句首, 侧重于经常性发生的动作. 如:Learning without practice is no good.动名词作主语时,也常用It句式.如:①It's +no good(no use, fun, a pleasure, a waste of time)+doing…It's no good reading in dim light.It's no use sitting here waiting.②动名词结构作主语,可以用名词或代词属格形式作逻辑主语.如: It's no use your pretending that you didn't know the rules.不定式、动名词、分词作表语的比较1、不定式和动名词作表语相当于名词作表语,表示主语的内容,主语和表语可以对调;1)动词不定式通常表示将来某一次,而动名词则表示经常性发生的动作。
非谓语动词总结知识点一、动词不定式(Infinitive)动词不定式由“to + 动词原形”构成。
动词不定式在句子中可以作多种成分,具有名词的性质。
下面是动词不定式的主要用法:1. 作主语:To travel around the world is my dream.2. 作宾语:I want to study English.3. 作定语:The best way to learn English is to practice speaking.4. 作表语:My goal is to improve my English.5. 作状语:He goes to the library to study every day.当动词不定式作为宾语补足语时,它可以由动词原形构成(Bare Infinitive)。
例如:I saw him draw a picture yesterday. (我昨天看到他画了一幅画。
)二、动名词(Gerund)动名词是由动词的现在分词形式加上动词-ing构成的。
动名词在句子中可以作多种成分,具有名词的性质。
下面是动名词的主要用法:1. 作主语:Reading is my hobby.2. 作宾语:I enjoy swimming in the ocean.3. 作定语:I like watching movies.4. 作表语:His favorite activity is playing basketball.5. 作状语:He left without saying goodbye.动名词与不定式的区别在于,动名词具有名词的性质,而动词不定式具有动词的性质。
例如:I like swimming. (我喜欢游泳。
)I like to swim. (我喜欢游泳。
)动名词与动词不定式作宾语时,有时可以根据动词选择使用不定式还是动名词。
例如:I stopped smoking. (我戒烟了。
非谓语动词的用法总结例句一、非谓语动词的定义及作用非谓语动词是指在句子中充当状语、定语或补语,不带有主谓关系的动词形式。
其主要形式包括不定式、现在分词和过去分词。
非谓语动词的使用可以丰富句子结构,使得表达更加准确明确,在英语写作中具有重要作用。
二、不定式的用法及例句1. 不定式作目的状语 (Infinitive as Purpose Adverbial)例:He works hard to pass the exam.他努力学习以通过考试。
2. 不定式作原因状语 (Infinitive as Cause Adverbial)例:I came here to learn English.我来这里是为了学习英语。
3. 不定式作结果状语 (Infinitive as Result Adverbial)例:She ran so fast as to catch up with him.她跑得如此快,以至于赶上了他。
4. 不定式作目标 (Infinitive as Objective)例:She wants to become a doctor.她想成为一名医生。
5. 不定式表示愿望 (Expressing Wish or Desire)例:I hope to see you again soon.我希望很快能再见到你。
6. 不定式作宾补 (Infinitive as Object Complement)例:We elected her to be our leader.我们选她作为我们的领导。
三、现在分词的用法及例句1. 现在分词作状语 (Present Participle as Adverbial)例:Walking in the park, she met her old friend.她在公园里散步时遇到了她的老朋友。
2. 现在分词作定语 (Present Participle as Attributive)例:He gave me an interesting book written by himself.他给了我一本有趣的自己写的书。
(完整版)非谓语动词归纳总结非谓语动词归纳总结非谓语动词是英语中一类特殊的动词形式,不具备人称和数的变化,也不充当句子的谓语。
非谓语动词包括不定式、动名词和分词,它们有各自的用法和功能。
1. 不定式不定式是非谓语动词的一种形式,结构为"to + 动词原形"。
不定式可以用作动词、形容词或副词。
1.1 动词不定式动词不定式可以充当句子的主语、宾语、宾语补足语等。
例如:- To study is important for students.(作主语)- I want to learn English.(作宾语)- She asked me to help her.(作宾语补足语)1.2 形容词不定式形容词不定式用于修饰名词或代词。
例如:- I have a book to read.(修饰名词)- He is the man to trust.(修饰代词)1.3 副词不定式副词不定式用于修饰动词、形容词或副词。
例如:- She worked hard to pass the exam.(修饰动词)- He is happy to see you.(修饰形容词)- She walked quickly to catch the bus.(修饰副词)2. 动名词动名词是非谓语动词的一种形式,结构为动词的现在分词形式。
动名词可以充当句子的主语、宾语、宾语补足语等。
例如:- Swimming is good exercise.(作主语)- I enjoy playing basketball.(作宾语)- She kept on talking.(作宾语补足语)3. 分词分词是非谓语动词的一种形式,根据时态和完成程度的不同,分词分为现在分词和过去分词。
3.1 现在分词现在分词用于表示主动或进行的动作。
例如:- The running boy is my brother.(作定语)- She stood there, crying.(作状语)3.2 过去分词过去分词用于表示被动或完成的动作。
非谓语动词知识点总结非谓语动词是指在句子中不作谓语的动词形式,包括不定式、动名词和分词。
它们具有多种用法和功能,下面将对非谓语动词的知识点进行总结。
一、不定式1. 不定式的形式:以to+动词原形构成,如to eat、to go等。
2. 不定式作主语:To learn English is important.3. 不定式作宾语:I want to eat an apple.4. 不定式作表语:My dream is to become a doctor.5. 不定式作定语:I have a book to read.6. 不定式作状语:She woke up early to catch the train.二、动名词1. 动名词的形式:动词+ing形式,如eating、going等。
2. 动名词作主语:Swimming is good for health.3. 动名词作宾语:I enjoy playing basketball.4. 动名词作表语:His hobby is fishing.5. 动名词作定语:I have a writing task to finish.6. 动名词作状语:He left without saying goodbye.三、分词1. 分词的形式:分为现在分词和过去分词两种形式,如working、played等。
2. 现在分词作主语:Reading helps improve vocabulary.3. 现在分词作宾语:She heard someone calling her name.4. 现在分词作表语:He is a hardworking student.5. 现在分词作定语:I saw a running dog in the park.6. 现在分词作状语:He left the room, closing the door behind him.7. 过去分词作宾语补足语:I found the door closed.四、非谓语动词的逻辑主语1. 不定式的逻辑主语:It is important to learn English.2. 动名词的逻辑主语:Swimming helps improve health.3. 分词的逻辑主语:Reading books is beneficial for children.五、非谓语动词的否定形式1. 不定式的否定形式:not+不定式,如not to go、not to eat等。
非谓语动词知识点总结非谓语动词是指在句子中充当动词的形式,但不具备谓语的功能。
它可以作为动词、形容词或副词的补充,用来修饰主语或宾语。
非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动名词和分词。
在英语中,非谓语动词的使用非常灵活,可以丰富句子结构,增强表达的准确性和流畅度。
一、动词不定式动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种形式,由“to + 动词原形”构成。
动词不定式可以作为主语、宾语、表语、定语和状语等,具有多种用法。
1. 动词不定式作主语动词不定式作主语时,常常放在句首,后面跟动词原形。
例如:To travel around the world is my dream.旅行世界是我的梦想。
2. 动词不定式作宾语动词不定式作宾语时,常常放在动词后面。
例如:I want to learn how to play the guitar.我想学习弹吉他。
3. 动词不定式作表语动词不定式作表语时,常常放在系动词后面。
例如:Her dream is to become a doctor.她的梦想是成为一名医生。
4. 动词不定式作定语动词不定式作定语时,常常放在名词前面,修饰名词。
例如:The best way to learn English is to practice every day.学习英语的最好方法是每天练习。
5. 动词不定式作状语动词不定式作状语时,常常放在句子后面,修饰整个句子。
例如:He woke up early to catch the train.他早起赶火车。
二、动名词动名词是非谓语动词的一种形式,它是动词加上-ing构成的名词。
动名词可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语和状语等,具有多种用法。
1. 动名词作主语动名词作主语时,常常放在句首。
例如:Swimming is good for your health.游泳对健康有益。
2. 动名词作宾语动名词作宾语时,常常放在动词后面。
例如:I enjoy reading books in my free time.我喜欢在空闲时间读书。
动词使用原形:
1. Will / Would you please + ( not ) + V(原)….?
2.Why not +V(原)….? = Why don’t you + V(原)
3. had better ( not ) +V(原)
加动词不定式省to:
使役动词或感官动词后加动词不定式省to:
1. let / make / have sb. do…让/使某人做…
2. watch /see / hear / notice / feel sb. do …..
注意:在主动语态中省to的不定式在被动语态中要加to
对比:
1.
hear / see sb. do…
听见/ 看见…做了…
hear / see sb. doing…. 听见/ 看见…正做…
used to do…过去常常做…
2. be / get/ become used to doing …习惯于做…
be used for doing…被用于做….
be used to do …..被用于做….
动词后面加不定式:
1.tell sb.(not ) to do…告诉某人(不)做…ask sb.( not ) to do…叫某人(不)做…
2.want to do ..= would like to do … 想做….
3. want sb. to do.. = would like sb to do.. 想要某人做.. .
4. plan to do ..计划做…
5. begin to do…, start to do…, start packing
6. try to do.. 努力/尽力做… try to learn English well
7. children love to play this game 8. call to do … 打电话做…
9. hope to do… , hope( that) +句子10. be sorry to do… 很抱歉做…
11. encourage sb. to do …鼓励某人做….12. help (sb) (to) do…
13. get sb. to do…. 使某人做某事… 14. learn to do….学做….
15. teach sb. to do…. 教某人做…16. decide to do ….决定做….
17. wish sb. to do ….希望/愿某人做某事18.allow sb. to do…允许某人做….
19. warn sb. not to do… 警告某人不要做… 20. deserve to do.. 注定做…
21. (can’t) afford to do…(不能)负担得起做…22.can’t wait to do…迫不及待做..
23. seem to do …似乎要做… 24. be to do …将要做…
25. refuse to do…. 拒绝做….. 26. agree to do…..同意做…..
27. expect to do…. 期望做…. 28. expect sb. to do ….期望某人做……
29. set one’s mind to do…. 一心想做某事
30. m ake up one’s mind to do…. 下定决心做某事
31. prefer to do …… rather than do…..宁愿做…而不做…
32. It takes sb. some time to do sth. 花某人多长时间做某事
33. It’s + adj. + (for sb. ) to do ….. (对于某人)做某事adj.
34. sb. finds it … to do….. 某人发现做某事…..
35. It’s better / best ( for sb.) to do… 较好/最好做….
接动名词:
1. enjoy doing…, enjoy on eself
2. finish doing…
3. hate doing…讨厌做….
4. be good at sth. = do well in sth.
be good at doing …= do well in doing…..
5. what / how about doing…?
6. thank sb. for doing….感谢某人做….
7. have fun doing… 做…有乐趣8. have problems / difficult doing…做……有困难/问题9. give up doing…. 放弃做…10. take part in doing…. (积极)参加做….
11. make a contribution to doing….
12. practise doing… 13. be worth doing… 值得做…
14. f eel like doing….想要做….15. be interested in doing…
16. by doing…通过,以…. 17. the way of doing….做….的方法18. keep doing…一直做…19. keep sb. doing…让某人一直做…
keep on doing …反复做….
20. succeed in doin g…成功做某事21. be busy doing….
22. spend ….(in) doing….花时间/钱做…
23. can’t help doing …. 禁不住/ 情不自禁做某事
24. instead of doing….. 代替做某事
25. prefer doing …. to doing…宁愿做…而不是做… ; 较喜欢做…而不是做….
20. keep / stop / prevent sb. from d oing….. 阻止某人做某事
19. mind (sb. / one’s)doing …介意(某人)做….
既可加不定式,又可加动名词, 但有区别:
1.like doing… 表示一般情况
like to do.. 喜欢/愿意做…表示具体谋一次情况
2. remember to do…记得要做…
3. forget to do… 忘记要做…
remember doing….记得做过…. forget doing…. 忘记做过…
4. stop to do…停下来做..(另一件事)
stop doing…停止做….. 6. be afraid to do…不敢做…;害怕做…;
5. go on to do… 继续做另一件事be afraid of sth. 害怕某物
go on doing…. 继续做同一件事be afraid of doing…害怕做…
7. need to do…..需要做…..
need doing ……(某物/人) 需要被….。