60 50 40 30 20 10 0
Vancomycin-resistant enterococci
30 25 20 15 10 5 0
Non-Intensive Care Unit Patients Intensive Care Unit Patients
Source: National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance (NNIS) System
Percent Resistance 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000
Percent Resistance 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000
Community-Acquired MRSA
– CA strains – genetically and clinically different than HA-MRSA
– CA-MRSA - Type IV SCCmec
• Resistance to beta-lactams, erythromycin • Sensitive to septra, clindamycin
aztreonam
norfloxacin
imipenem
cefotaxime
clavulanic ac.
cefuroxime
gentamicin
cefalotina
nalidíxico ac.
ampicillin
methicilin
vancomicin
rifampin
chlortetracyclin