2012年职称英语考试习题：理工类B级完形填空一级重点文章(1)

2012年度全国职称英语等级考试全真模拟题-理工类B级D全国职称英语等级考试全真模拟题理工类B级（一）第一部分：词汇选项（第1~15题，每题1分，共15分）下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。

答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

1. All living organisms, regardless of their unique identity, have certain biological, chemical, and physical characteristics in common.A）as a result of B）considering C）on purpose D）whatever2. The most pressing problem any economic system faces is how to use its scarce resources.A）puzzling B）difficult C）terrifying D）urgentD）explosive8. The conference explored the possibility of closer trade links.A）rejected B）investigated C）proposed D）postponed9. Experts generally agree that diet has an important bearing on one's health.A）result B）factor C）cause D）influence10. I expect that she will be able to cater for your particular needs.A）meet B）reach C）provide D）fill11. John is collaborating with Mary in writing a book.A）cooperating B）merging C）combining D）associating12. Mary lost control of her car and collidedwith a tree.A）came across B）ran into C）met D）knocked13. Mary was compelled to take in washing to help support her family.A）pleaded B）appealed C）forced D）instructed14. The child couldn't comprehend the advanced textbook.A）interpret B）read C）understand D）translate15. I warned him to keep the matter confidential.A）private B）safe C）personal D）secret第二部分：阅读判断（第16~22题，每题1分，共7分）阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。

2012年职称英语理工类B级真题及答案下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面都有4个选项。

请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

第一篇 Immigration and ProblemsHundreds of thousands of people supporting immigration rights in the US filled streets a ll over America in early 2006. Many held signs and American flags and asked to be treated as citizens - not criminals. Many of these supported legislation from Senator John McCain that would open a path to citizenship to immigrants who were already in the country illegally. P roposed legislation from other politicians called for stricter measures - including rounding up undocumented immigrants and sending them back to their home countries.Canadian officials say that immigration applications continue to rise. Some want to keep the doors open. They need the labor. About 400，000 immigrants were allowed into the countr y in 2005， according to the Canadian Government statistics. However， all this growth means that cities need to adapt. Newcomers don‘t always make a smooth transition into jobs for wh ich they are skilled. So industries are using mentoring programs to help new immigrants find proper jobs.With the large numbers of undocumented African immigrants arriving in the Canary Islands and showing no sign of abating， the Spanish Government has decided to get tough. There wil l be no more mass amnesties for illegals， and anyone coming to Spain without permission wil l be sent back， the government has announced. About 23，000 migrants landed on the islands in 2006， and riots have erupted in some crowded reception centers. This has promoted local authorities to appeal to the United Nations for help.France‘s new immigration and integration law g ives the government new powers to encoura ge high-skilled migration. It takes effect in 2007. The new law authorizes the government to identify particular professions where France has a talent shortage. Then the government wil l help these identified employers find immigrant workers with needed skills or qualification s. The selected foreign employees will be granted “skills and talents” visas， valid for t hree years. But some concern that itll cause brain drain in developing countries.31 Many immigrants swarmed into streets in the US in early 2006， demanding that they sh ould be treated asA animalsB citizensC civiliansD criminals32 Some Canadian officials want to keep the door open becauseA Canada is in desperate need of talented people.B Canada can feed a much larger population.C Canada is suffering from labor shortage.D Canada is a multicultural country.33 What has the Spanish Government decided to do?A Help immigrants find proper jobs.B Let immigrants freely enter the country.C Integrate immigrants into the Spanish culture.D Take tough measures against illegal immigration.34 After France‘s new imm igration and integration law takes effect， it willA lure overseas students back homeB undermine the unity of the countryC drain developing countries of talentD induce resentment among the French workers35 The phrasal verb rounding up in paragraph 1 could be best replaced byA capturingB encirclingC separatingD frightening参考答案：B C D C A。

2012年职称英语考试理工类B级真题第二部分：阅读判断(第16~22题，每题1分，共7分)下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断;如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

Eastern Quakes Can Trigger Big ShakesIn the first week of November 2011, people in central Oklahoma experienced more than two dozen earthquakes. The largest, a magnitude 5.6 quake, shook thousands of fans in a college football stadium, caused cracks in a few buildings and rattled the nerves of many people who had never felt a quake before. Oklahoma is not an area of the country famous for its quakes. If you watch the news on TV, you see reports about all sorts of natural disasters —hurricanes, tornadoes, flooding and wildfires, to name a few. But the most dangerous type of natural disaster, and also the most unpredictable, is the earthquake.Researchers at the U.S. Geological Survey estimate that several million earthquakes rattle the globe each year. That may sound scary, but people don’t feel many of the tremors because they happen in remote and unpopulated regions. Many quakes happen under the ocean, and others have a very small magnitude, or shaking intensity.A magnitude 5.8 earthquake that struck central Virginia the afternoon of August 23, 2011, was felt from central Georgia to southeastern Canada. In many urban areas, including Washington, D.C., and New York City (Wall Street shown), people crowded the streets while engineers inspected buildings. Credit: Wikimedia/Alex TabakScientists know about small, remote quakes only because of very sensitive electronic devices called seismometers. These devices detect and measure the size of ground vibrations produced by earthquakes. Altogether, USGS researchers use seismometers to identify and locate about 20,000 earthquakes each year.Although earthquakes can happen anywhere in the world, really big quakes occur only in certain areas. The largest ones register a magnitude 8 or higher and happen, on average, only once each year. Such big ones typically occur along the edges of Earth’s tectonic plates.Tectonic plates are huge pieces of Earth’s crust, sometimes many kilometers thick. These plates cover our planet’s surface like a jigsaw puzzle. Often, jagged edges of these plates temporarily lock together. When plates jostle and scrape past each other earthquakes occur. On average, tectonic plates move very slowly — about the same speed as your fingernails grow.But sometimes earthquakes rumble through portions of the landscape far from a plate’s edges. Although less expected, these “mid-plate” tremors can do substantial damage. Some of the biggest known examples rattled the eastern half of the United States two centuries ago. Today, scientists are still puzzling over why the quakes occurred and when similar ones might occur.16. Oklahoma is an area often experiencing natural disasters.A.rightB. wrongC. not mention【答案】：B17.The earth quake is the most unpredictable natural disaster.A.rightB. wrongC. not mention【答案】：C18. Few earthquakes happen without people’s awareness.A.rightB. wrongC. not mention【答案】：B19. Seismometers can identify and locate most of the earthquakes in China.A.rightB. wrongC. not mention【答案】：C20. Big earthquakes of a magnitude 8 or higher seldom happen far from the edges of tectonic plates.A.rightB. wrongC. not mention【答案】：A21. Whenever tectonic plates move, earthquakes happen.A.rightB. wrongC. not mention【答案】：B22.The earthquake that hit the eastern half of the UnitedStates two centuries ago is the biggest“mid-plate”one in history.A.rightB. wrongC. not mention【答案】：C第三部分：概括大意和完成句子(第23~30题，每题1分，共8分)下面的短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中为指定段落每段选择1个小标题;(2)第27~30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。

完形填空(6篇第三篇 Germs on Banknotes第十篇 Chicken Soup for the Soul :Comfort Food Fights Loneliness *第十一篇Climate Change Poses Major Risks for Unprepared Cities *第十二篇 Free Statins With Fast Food Could Neutralize Heart Risk +第十三篇 Solar Power without Solar Cells+第十五篇“Liquefaction” Key to Much of Japanese Earthquake Damage注:1、 +表示 A 级文章; *表示 B 即文章;其他为 C 级文章2、阅读理解3、 2012年词汇部分与 2011年教材相比未作任何变化第三篇 Germs on BanknotesPeople in different countries use different types yuan in China, pesos in Mexico, pounds in the United Kingdom, dollars in the United States, Australia and New Zealand. They maycountries, still have one thing in common1: Germs on the banknotes.Scientists have been studying the germs on money for well over2 100 years. At money could spread disease.one country. In a new study, Frank Vriesekoop3 and other researchers compared the Vriesekoop 3 is a microbiologist at the University of Ballarat in Australia4. He led the study, which compared the germ populations found on money 6 from 10 nations. The scientists studied 1,280 banknotes in total; all came from places where people buy food, like supermarkets street vendors and cafes, 7 those businesses often rely on cash.Overall, the Australian dollars hosted the fewest live bacteria ---- no more than 10 per square centimeter. Chinese yuan had the most ---- about 100 per square centimeter. Most of the germs on money probably would not cause harm.What we call “paper” money usually isn't made from paper. The U. S. dollar, for to print their money. Some of the currencies studied by Vriesekoop and his 10 such as the American dollar were made from cotton. Others were made from polymers.polymers. They included the Australian dollar, the New Zealand dollar and some Mexican pesos.germs lived on the polymer notes. This connection suggeststime staying alive on polymer surfaces. Scientists need to do more studies to understand how germs live on money-----and whether or not we need to be concerned. the amounts of time bacteria can stay alive on different types of bills.Whatever Vriesekoop finds, the fact remains: Paper money harbors germs We should wash our 15 after touching it; after all5, you never know where your money 's been. Or what's living on it词汇:pesos/pi:səvs/ n .比索 bacterium /kæk'tiəri əm/ n .细菌(单数germ/də:m/ n.病菌 bacteria /bæktiəri ə/细菌(复数banknote/bæŋkn əvt/ n.纸币 centimeter/senti,mi:tə。

Climate Change Poses Major Risks for Unprepared CitiesA new examination of urban policies has been carried out recently by Patricia Romero Lankao．She is a sociologist specializing inclimate change and urban development．She warns that many of the wo rld’s fast-growing urban areas，especially in developingcountries．will likely suffer from the impacts of changing climate．Her work also concludes that most cities are failingto reduce emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases．These gases are known to affect the atmosphere．”Climate change isa deeply local issue and poses profound threats to the growing cities of the world,” says Romero Lankao. ”But too few cities aredeveloping effective strategies to evaluate their residents."Cities are major sources of greenhouse gases．And urban populations are likely to be among those most severely affected by futureclimate change. Lankao’s findings highlight ways in which city-residents are particularly vulnerable, and suggest policy interventionsthat could offer immediate and longer-term benefits．The locations and dense construction patterns of cities often place their populations at greater risk for natural disasters.Potential threats associated with climate include storm surges and prolonged hot weather. Storm surges can flood coastal areas andprolonged hot weather can heat heavily paved cities more than surrounding areas．The impacts of such natural events can be more seriousin an urban environment．For example，a prolonged heat wave can increase existing levels of air pollution，causing widespread healthproblems．Poorer neighborhoods that may lack basic facilities such as drinking water or a dependable network of roads，are especiallyvulnerable to natural disasters．Many residents in poorer countries live in substandard housing without access to reliable drinking water，roads and basic services.Local governments, therefore,should take measures to protect their residents.”Unfortunately，they tend to move towards rhetoricrather than meaningful responses, Romero Lankao writes, ” They don’t impose construction standards that could reduce heating and airconditioning needs. They don't emphasize mass transit and reduce automobile use. In fact, many local governments are taking ahands—off approach.” Thus, she urges them to change their idle policies and to take strong steps to prevent the harmful effects ofclimate change on cities.Free Statins With Fast Food Could Neutralize Heart RiskFast food outlets could provide statin drugs free of charge so that customers can reduce the heart disease dangers of fatty food,researchers at Imperial College London sugges in a new study．Statins reduce the amount of unhealthy ”LDL” cholesterol in the blood. A wealth of trial data has proven them to be highly effective atlowering a person’s heart attack risk .In a paper published in the American Journal of Cardiology，Dr Darrel Francis and colleagues calculate that the reduction in heartattack risk offered by a statin is enough to offset the increase in heart attack risk from eating a cheeseburger and drinking a milkshake．Dr Francis，from the National Heart and Lung Institute at Imperial College London，who is the senior author of the study, said:”Statinsdon’t cut out a11 of the unhealthy effects of cheeseburgers and French fries．It’s better to avoid fatty food altogether．But we’ve workedout that in terms of your possibility of having a heart attack. Taking a statin can reduce your risk to more or less the same degree as a fastfood mea l increases it.”“It’s ironic that people are free to take as many unhealthv condiments in fast food outlets as they like, but statins,which are beneficial to heart health, have to be prescribed. It makes sense to make risk-reducing statins available just as easily as theunhealthy condiments that are provided free of charge．It would cost less than 5 pence per customer—not much different to a sachet ofsugar.” Dr Francis said．When people engage in risky behaviours like driving or smoking, they’re enc ouraged to take measures that lower their risk, 1ikewearing a seatbelt or choosing cigarettes with filters. Taking a statin is a rational way of lowering some of the risks of eating a fattymeal．356。

2012年职称英语考试综合类B完形填空：第一篇 A Life with BirdsFor nearly 17 years David Cope has worked as one of the Tower of London's yeoman warders, 1 better known to tourists as beefeaters. David, 64, lives in a three-bedroomed flat right at the 2 top of the Byward Tower, one of the gatehouses. "3 From our bedroom we have a marvellous view of Tower Bridge and the Thames, " says David.The Tower of London is famous_4 for its ravens, the large black birds which have lived there for over three centuries. David was immediately fascinated by the birds and when he was _5 offered the post of Raven Master eight years ago he had no 6 hesitation in accepting it. "The birds have now become my life and I'm always 7 aware of the fact that I am _8 maintainin g a tradition. The legend says that if the ravens leave the Tower, England will fall to enemies, and it's my job to 9 make sure this doesn't happen!"David_10de votes_about four hours a day to the care of the ravens. He has grown to love them and the _11 fact that he lives right next to them is ideal. "I can _12 keep a close eye on them all the time, and not just when I'm working." _13 At first, David's wife Mo was not 14 keen on the idea of life in the Tower, but she too will be sad to leave when he retires next year. "When we look out of our windows, we see history 15 all around us, and we are taking it in and storing it up for our future memories."第二篇A Lucky BreakActor Antonio Banderas is used to breaking bones, and it always seems to happen when he's 1 doing sport. In the film Play It to the Bone he 2 plays the part of a middleweight boxer alongside Woody Harrelson. 3 During the making of the film Harrelson 4 kept complaining that the fight 5 scenes weren't very convincing, so one day he suggested that he and Banderas should have a fight for real. The Spanish actor wasn't 6 keen onthe idea at first, but he was 7eventually persuaded by hisco-star to put on his gloves andclimb into the boxing ring.However, when he realized howseriously his 8 opponent wastaking it all, he began to regrethis decision to fight. And then inthe third round, Harrelson hitBanderas 9 so hard in the facethat he actually broke his nose.His wife, actress MelanieGriffith, was furious that he hadbeen playing "silly machogames". "She was right,"confesses Banderas, "and I wasa fool to 10 take a risk like thatin the middle of a movie."He was 11 reminded of thetime he broke his leg during afootball match in his nativeMalaga. He had always 12dreamed of becoming a soccerstar, of performing in front of abig crowd, but doctors told himhis playing days were probablyover. "That's when I decided totake 13 up acting; I saw it as 14another way of performing, andachieving recognition. Whathappened to me on that football15 pitch was, you might say, myfirst lucky break."第三篇 Global W armingFew people now question thereality of global warming and itseffects on the world's climate.Many scientists (1 put)theblame for recent naturaldisasters on the increase (2in ) the world's temperaturesand are convinced that, morethan (3 ever) before, the Earthis at (4 risk) from theforces of the wind, rain andsun. (5 According) to them,global warming is makingextreme weather events, (6such ) as hurricanes anddroughts, even more (7 severe )and causing sea levels all aroundthe world to (8 rise ) .Environmental groups areputting (9 pressure)ongovernments to take action toreduce the (10 amount ) ofcarbon dioxide which isgiven (11off) byfactories and power plants, thusattacking the problem at itssource. They are in (12favour ) of more money beingspent on research into solar,wind and wave energy devices,which could then replaceexisting power (13 stations) .Somescientists, (14 however) believe that even if we stoppedreleasing carbon dioxide andother gases into the atmospheretomorrow, we would have towait (15 several) hundredyears to notice the results.Global warming, it seems, ishere to stay.第四篇A Success StoryAt 19, Ben Way isalready a millionaire, and one ofa growing number of teenagerswho have (1 made) their fortunethrough the Internet. (2What)makes Ben's story all the moreremarkable is that he is dyslexic,and was (3 told) by teachers athis junior school that he wouldnever be able to read or write (4properly) . "I wanted to provethem (5wrong) ", says Ben,creator and director ofWaysearch, a net search enginewhich can be used to find goodsin online shopping malls.When he was eight,his local authorities (6 provided)him with a PC to help withschool work. Although he was(7 unable) to read the manuals,he had a natural ability with thecomputer, and (8 encouraged)by his father, he soon began (9charging) people $l0 an hourfor his knowledge and skills. Atthe age of 15 he (10 set) up hisown computer consultancy,Quad Computer, which he ranfrom his bedroom, and twoyears later he left school to (11devote) all his time to business."By this time the companyhad grown and I needed to takeon a (12 couple)of employeesto help me", says Ben. "Thatenabled me to start (13 doing)business with biggercompanies.” It was. his ability toconsistently (14 overcome)difficult challenges that led himto win the Y oung Entrepreneurof the Y ear award in the sameyear that he formed Waysearch,and he has recently signed a deal(15worth) $25 million with aprivate investment company,which will finance his searchengine.第五篇Traffic in Our CitiesThe volume of trafficin many cities in the world todaycontinues to expand. This causesmany problems, includingserious air pollution, lengthydelays, and the greater risk (1)of accidents. Clearly, somethingmust be done, but it is oftendifficult to (2) persuade peopleto change their habits and leavetheir cars at home.One possible (3)approach is to make it moreexpensive for people to use theircars by (4) increasing chargesfor parking and (5) bringing intougher fines for anyone who (6)breaks the law. In addition,drivers could be required to payfor using particular routes atdifferent times of the day. Thissystem, (7) known as "roadpricing", is already beingintroduced in a (8) number ofcities, using a special electroniccard (9) fixed to the windscreenof the car.Another way of (10)dealing with the problem is toprovide cheap parking on the(11) outskirts of the city, andstrictly control the number ofvehicles allowed into the centre.Drivers and their passengersthen use a special bus service forthe (12) final stage of theirjourney.Of course, the mostimportant (13) thing is toprovide good public transport.However, to get people to (14)give up the comfort of theircars, public transport must befelt to be reliable, convenientand comfortable, with fares (15)kept at an acceptable level.第六篇T eaching and learningMany teachers believe that theresponsibilities for learning liewith the student. If a longreading assignment is given,instructors expect students to befamiliar with the (1 information)in the reading even if they donot discuss it in class or take anexamination. The (2 ideal)student is considered to be onewho is motivated to learn for thesake of(3 learning), not the oneinterested only in getting highgrades. Sometimes homework isreturned(4 with) brief writtencomments but without a grade.Even if a grade is not given, thestudent is(5 responsible) forlearning the material assigned.When research is(6 assigned), the professor expects the student to take it actively and to complete it with(7minimum)guidance. It is the student's responsibility to find books, magazines, and articlesin the library. Professors do not have the time to explain(8 how) a university library works; they expect students(9 particularly) graduate students to exhaust the reference(10 sources) in the library. Professors will help students who need it, but(11 prefer) that their students should not be (12 too) dependent on them. In the United Stats professors have many other duties (13 besides) teaching，such as administrative or research work. Therefore, the time that a professor can spend with a student outside of class is (14 limited). If a student has problems with classroom work , the student should either (15 approach) a professor during office hours or make an appointment.第七篇The Difference between Man and ComputerWhat makes people different from computer programs? What is the missing element that our theories don’t yet (1) _account_ for? The answer is simple: People read newspaper stories for a reason: to learn more about (2) _what_they are interested in. Computers, on the other hand，don't. In fact，computers don't (3) _even_ have interests; there is nothing in particular that they are trying to find out when they read. If a computer (4) _program_is to be a model of story understanding ，it should also read for a "purpose".Of course ，people have several goals that do not make (5) _sense to attribute to computers. One might read a restaurant guide (6) _in__order to satisfy hunger or entertainment goals, or to (7) _find_a good place to go for a business lunch. Computers do not get hungry, and computers do not have business lunches.However ，these physiological and social goals give (8) _rise__to severalintellectual or cognitive goals. Agoal to satisfy hunger gives riseto goals to find (9) informationabout the name of a restaurantwhich (10) _serves_ the desiredtype of food ，how expensivethe restaurant is，the location ofthe restaurant, etc. These aregoals to (11) _acquire_information or knowledge, whatwe are calling (12) _learning_goals. These goals can be heldby computers too; a computer(13) _might_ "want" to find outthe location of a restaurant ，andread a guide in order to do so(14) _in__ the same way as aperson might. While such a goalwould not (15) _arise_out ofhunger in the case of thecomputer，it might well arise outof the "goal" to learn more aboutrestaurants.第八篇Look on TheBright SideDo you ever wish youwere more optimistic, someonewho always (1) _expected to besuccessful? Having someonearound who always (2) _fears__the worst isn’t really a lot of (3)_fun_ . We all know someonewho sees a single cloud on asunny day and says ，"INooks( 4 ) _like_ rain. " But if youcatch yourself thinking suchthings，it's important to dosomething (5) _about_ it.You can change yourview of life ，(6) _according_topsychologists. It only takes alittle effort ，and you'll find lifemore rewarding as a (7) result_.Optimism，they say，is partlyabout self-respect andconfidence but it's also a morepositive way of looking at lifeand all it has to (8) _offer_.Optimists are more (9) _likely_to start new projects and aregenerally more prepared totake risks.Upbringing isobviously very important informing your (10) _attitude_tothe world. Some people arebrought up to (11)_depend__too much on othersand grow up forever blamingother people when anything (12)_goes_wrong. Most optimists，on the (13 ) _other_ hand, havebeen brought up not to (14)_regard_failure as the end ofthe world—they just (15) _geton _ with their lives.第九篇The First BicycleThe history of the bicyclegoes back more than 200 years.In 1791，Count de Sivrac (1)_delighted_onlookers in a parkin Paris as he showed off histwo-wheeled invention ， amachine called the celeriferé. Itwas basically an (2)_enlarged_version of achildren’s toy which had beenin (3) _use_ for many years.Sivrac's "celeriferéhad awooden frame，made in the (4)_shape_ of a horse ，which wasmounted on a wheel at eitherend. To ride it ，you sat on asmall seat ，just like a modembicycle ，and pushed (5) _hard_against the (6) _ground_ withyour legs—there were no pedals.It was impossible to steer aceleriferéand it had no brakes，but despite these problems theinvention very much (7)_appealed_to the fashionableyoung men of Paris. Soon theywere (8) _holding_ races up anddown the streets.Minor (9) _injuries_werecommon as riders attempted afinal burst of ( 10 ) _speed_ .Controlling the machine wasdifficult ，as the only way tochange (11) _direction_ was topull up the front of the "celeriferé" and (12) _turn_it roundwhile the front wheel was (13)_spinning in the air. "Celeriferés" were not popular for long ，however ，as the (14)_combination_of no springs ，no steering and rough roadsmade riding them veryuncomfortable. Even so，thewooden celeriferéwas the (15)_origin_of the modem bicycle.第十篇Working MothersCarefully conductedresearches that have followedthe children of working mothershave not been able to show anylong-term problems，comparedwith children whose mothersstayed at home. My personal (1)_view_ is that mothers should beallowed to work if they wish.Whether we like it or not ，thereare a (2) _number_ of motherswho just have to work.. Thereare those who have investedsuch a big part of their lives inestablishing a career that theycannot (3) _afford_ see it lost.Then there are many who mustwork out of pure economic (4)_necessity_. Many mothers arenot (5) _cut_ out to be full-timeparents. After a few months athome with a much lovedinfant ，they feel trapped andisolated.There are a number ofoptions when it (6) _comes tochoosing childcare. These rangefrom child minders and nanniesthrough to Granny or the kindlady (7) _across_ the street. (8)_I n reality,however ，manyparents don't have any choice;they have to accept anythingthey can get. Be prepared! No (9)_matter_ how good thechildcare may be ，somechildren are going to protestwildly if they are left. This is a(10) _perfectly_ normal stage ofchild development. Babiesseparate well in the first sixmonths，but soon after that theystart to get a crush on Mum andclose family (11) _members_ .Make sure that in the first weekyou allow (12) _plenty of _ timeto help your child settle in.All children aredifferent. Some areindependent ，while others aremore (13) _attached_ to theirmothers. Remember that if youwant to(14) __do_ the best foryour children ，it's not thequantity of time you spend withthem，it's the (15) _quality_ thatmatters.。

2012年职称英语理工类B级真题及答案阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。

如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑;如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑。

The Smog (烟雾)For over a month， Indonesia was in crisis. Forest fires raged out of control as the country suffered its worst drought for 50 years. Smoke from the fires mixed with sunlight and hot dr y air to form a cloud of smog. This pollution quickly spread and within days it was hanging over neighbouring countries including Malaysia， Singapore and Thailand.When the smoke combined with pollution from factories and cars， it soon became poisonous(有毒的)。

Dangerous amounts of CO became trapped under the smog and pollution levels rose. Peo ple wheezed(喘息)and coughed as they left the house and their eyes watered immediately.The smog made it impossible to see across streets and whole cities disappeared as grey soot (烟灰)covered everything. In some areas， water was hosed (用胶管浇)from high-rise city buil dings to try and break up the smog.Finally， heavy rains， which came in November， put out the fires and cleared the air. But the environmental costs and health problems will remain. Many people from South-Eastern Asia n cities already suffer from breathing huge amounts of car exhaust fumes(汽车排放的废气)and factory pollution. Breathing problems could well increase and many non-sufferers may have di fficulties for the first time. Wildlife has suffered too. In lowland forests， elephants， d eer， and tigers have been driven out of their homes by smog.But smog is not just an Asian problem. In fact， the word was first used in London in 1905 t o describe the mixture of smoke and thick fog. Fog often hung over the capital. Sometimes th e smog was so thick and poisonous that people were killed by breathing problems or in accide nts. About 4，000 Londoners died within five days as a result of thick smog in 1952.1 Indonesia was in crisis because of the drought.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned2 The smog spread to neighbouring countries.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned3 The air-pollution index went up to 300 within a few days.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned4 Water was used to try to break up the smog.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned5 Many Indonesians blamed the government for the drought.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned6 The forest animals haven't been affected by the smog.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned7 The word “smog” first appeared in 1952.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned参考答案1. A2. A3. C4. A5. C6. B7. B。

2012年职称英语等级考试用书（理工类）第一部分词汇选项词汇1-10第二部分阅读判断第一篇 *Computer Mouse第二篇*Study Helps Predict Big Mediterranean Quake第三部分概括大意和完成句子第一篇 *The Tiniest Electric Motor in the World第二篇*A Strong Greenhouse Gas第四部阅读理解*第三十一篇 Hurricane Katrina*第三十二篇 Mind-reading Machine*第三十三篇 Experts Call for Local and Regional Control of Sites for Radioactive*第三十四篇Batteries Built by Viruses*第三十五篇 Putting Plants to work*第三十六篇 Listening Device Provides Landslide Early Warning*第三十七篇 "Don't Drink Alone" Gets New Meaning*第三十八篇 "Life Form Found" on Saturn's Titan*第三十九篇 Clone Farm*第四十篇 Teaching Math, Teaching Anxiety第五部分补全短文第一篇*Virtual Driver第二篇*Musical Training Can Improve Communication Skills第六部分完型填空*第十一篇 Climate Change Poses Major Risks for Unprepared Cities*第十二篇 Free Statins With Fast Food Could Neutralize Heart Risk目录第二部分阅读判断 (19)第十一篇Computer Mouse (19)第十二篇Study Helps Predict Big Mediterranean Quake (20)第十二篇A Strong Greenhouse Gas (23)第三十一篇Hurricane Katrina (25)第三十二篇Mind-reading 1Machine（B级） (26)第三十三篇Experts Call for Local and Regional Control of Sites for Radioactive Waste (B级) (27)第三十四篇Batteries Built by Viruses (29)第三十五篇Putting Plants to Work (30)第三十六篇Listening Device Provides Landslide Early Warning (32)第三十七篇“Don’t Drink Alone” Gets New Meaning (33)*第三＋八篇"Life Form Found" on Saturn's Titan (34)第三十九篇Clone Farm (36)*第四十篇Teaching Math, T eaching Anxiety (37)第五部分补全短文 (39)第十一篇Virtual Driver (39)第十二篇Musical Training Can Improve Communication Skills (40)第六部分完形填空 (41)*第十一篇 Climate Change Poses Major Risks for Unprepared Cities (41)*第十二篇 Free Statins With Fast Food Could Neutralize Heart Risk (43)第二部分阅读判断 (45)第三部分概括大意和完成句子 (46)第四部分阅读理解 (47)第五部分补全短文 (52)第六部分完形填空 (53)第一部分词汇选项。

2012年职称英语（理工类）B级真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. 词汇选项 2. 阅读判断 3. 概括大意与完成句子 4. 阅读理解 5. 补全短文6. 完形填空词汇选项(第1-15题，每题1分，共15分)下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。

1．It is difficult to assess the importance of the decision.A．evaluateB．commentC．discussD．report正确答案：A2．You must try to wipe out the memory of these horrible events.A．strangeB．terribleC．unusualD．unfair正确答案：B3．He spoke in such a pleasant manner that I felt at ease with him at once.A．confidentB．relaxingC．formalD．comfortable正确答案：D4．He worked so hard that eventually he fell ill.A．thenB．surelyC．finallyD．recently正确答案：C5．He thought it better to begin working immediately .A．at onceB．recentlyC．earlyD．rapidly正确答案：A6．As the headmaster made a long speech, the ceremony was prolonged by ten minutes.A．quickenedB．enlargedC．enrichedD．lengthened正确答案：D7．The animals in Australia are vastly different from those in EuropeA．chieflyB．greatlyC．mainlyD．totally正确答案：B8．Poor people can’t always live in decent conditionsA．popularB．famousC．favoriteD．acceptable正确答案：D9．Many people have the illusion that wealth is the chief source of happiness.A．firm beliefB．outlookC．false ideaD．vision正确答案：C10．When she was invited to dinner, she readily accepted.A．suddenlyB．firmlyC．reallyD．willingly正确答案：D11．The manager gave us the identical cottage each summer. A．temporaryB．similarC．sameD．attractive正确答案：C12．Mary has derived a good deal of benefit from her job.A．obtainedB．acceptedC．bribedD．produced正确答案：A13．He is charming; nevertheless, I don’t quite trust him.A．howeverB．thereforeC．despiteD．afterwards正确答案：A14．Her behaviour is extremely childish.A．simpleB．immatureC．beautifulD．pretty正确答案：B15．Even in a modernized country, manual work is still needed.A．hardB．mentalC．simpleD．physical正确答案：D阅读判断(第16-22题，每题1分，共7分)下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

2012年职称英语理工类B级真题及答案Sony's Vision For The FutureAs the television， communications and telecommunications industries emerge， compatibil ity (兼容性) becomes a big issue for consumers. I think we should maintain open and compatib le standards and create features particular to Sony， in other words， the system should be open but the services could be distinctive —— like restaurants. The menus may be alike but the services are different.Being president of Sony Corporation， I am often asked by this question： With digital c ameras and digital camcorders (摄像机)， what will be the future of digital imaging?In 1997， optimists see non-traditi0nal cameras ~ digital cameras achieving sales of one million units in Japan. We are selling a new digital camera. Even though the price is quite high， it is selling well. And laser and ink-jet printers have improved greatly for printing colour pictures. But traditional pictures are still more popular than those from today's ele ctronic cameras. Because of that， traditional cameras and digital cameras will co-exist for a long time.If you want me to sum up Sony's vision for the next few years， all I can say is that th ere will be a big change. We can run our business at Sony based on today's technologies ~ wh ich means the digitalisation of audio and video. But beyond 2000， there will be a big chang e and we should be prepared. This will be the network environment. So we are preparing for a big change in technologies and for a change in the way of thinking as well.We celebrate our 50~ anniversary this year (1997)， and this coincides (与……一致) with what I call the transistor cycle， which has also lasted fifty years. Since we started using transistors in radios， the electronic industry has undergone a big evolution. But a new tec hnology wave started with the invention of the microprocessor， about 14 or 15 years ago. My theory is that each business cycle lasts 50 years， with one cycle overlapping (重叠) anothe r. The information age started 15 years ago with microprocessors and for another 10 years it will be in the takeoff stage. Like an airport， a 747 approaching the end of the runway is still gathering speed. So for information technology， for another five to seven years there will not be so much change， only increasing speed. But after that you fly. What that will m ean， I cannot foresee. I'm just preparing for the takeoff stage while I'm president. The jo b of the next generation will be more important. I'm just in-between.31 Why does the president of Sony Corporation mention restaurants in the first paragrap h?A To praise Japanese restaurants for offering good services.B To explain that Japanese restaurants are distinctive.C To explain what has just been said.D To emphasize that restaurants are all alike.32 What is the president's view on digital cameras and traditional ones?A Digital cameras will be cheaper than traditional ones in the near future.B Digital cameras and traditional cameras will co-exist for ever.C The prices of digital cameras will go down very soon.D Digital cameras will not take the place of traditional ones in the next few years.33 What will take place in the next few years， according to the president?A A big change in technologies and in the way of thinking.B A change in digitalisation.C A change in the way of manufacturing.D A change in the business cycle.34 How long does each business cycle last， according to the president?A 10 years.B 14 or15 years.C 25 years.D 50 years.35 What does the president say he is doing?A He is designing jobs for the next generation.B He is preparing for the 'fly' stage.C He is doing something for the takeoff stage.D He is flying an aircraft.正确答案31. C32. D33. A34. D35. C。