广东省中山市第一中学2018-2019学年高一下学期第一次段考(4月)语文试题 含解析

2018-2019学年广东省中山市第一中学高一下学期第一次段考（4月）数学注意事项：1．答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。

2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。

3．非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。

写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。

4．考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。

一、单选题1．如果点 位于第三象限，那么角 所在象限是 （ ） A ．第一象限B ．第二象限C ．第三象限D ．第四象限2．已知()()4,56,1A B ---、，则以线段AB 为直径的圆的方程是( ) A ．()()221329x y ++-= B ．()()2213116x y ++-= C ．()()221329x y -++= D ．()()2213116x y -++= 3．已知，，则 的值为 （ ）A ．B ．C ．D ．4．若圆 与圆 相内切，则 ＝（ ） A ．1B ．-1C ．D ．5．已知点 ，点 与点 关于 轴对称，点 与点 关于平面 对称，则线段 的长为（ ） A ．B ．4C ．D ．6．设sin 33,cos55,tan 35,a b c =︒=︒=︒则A ．a b c >>B ．b c a >>C ．c b a >>D ．c a b >> 7．函数的图象为 ，则下列结论正确的是（ ） A ．函数 在区间内是增函数B ．图象 关于直线对称C ．图象 关于点对称D ．将 的图象向右平移个单位长度可以得到图象8．函数 （其中）的图象如图所示，为了得到 的图象，则只要将 的图象（ ）A ．向右平移B ．向右平移C ．向左平移D ．向左平移9．若直线()24y k x =-+与曲线y =有两个交点，则k 的取值范围是（ ）A ．[)1,+∞B ．31,4⎡⎫--⎪⎢⎣⎭ C ．3,14⎛⎤ ⎥⎝⎦D ．(],1-∞- 10．函数 为奇函数，该函数的部分图像如图所示， 、 分别为最高点与最低点，并且 ，则该函数图象的一条对称轴为( )A ．B ．C ．D ．11．设扇形的周长为4cm ，面积为21cm ，则扇形的圆心角的弧度数是________．12．若直线 与圆 有两个不同的交点，则 的取值范围是_____________. 13．不等式：的解集为_______________. 14．将函数图象上各点的横坐标变为原来的2倍，再将所得函数的图象向右平移 个单位，所得函数的图象的解析式为______________________.15．函数的最大值与最小值之和是_________________.16．已知 ，函数在上单调递减，则 的取值范围是__．三、解答题 17．已知．（1）化简 ；（2） 若 是第三象限角，且，求 的值. 18．已知，（1）求 的值；（2）求的值．19．已知圆C 的圆心在直线10x y ++=，半径为5，且圆C 经过点()2,0P -和点()5,1Q ．（1）求圆C 的标准方程；（2）求过点()3,0A -且与圆C 相切的切线方程．20．已知函数，定义域为 ，若当时， 的最大值为2.（1）求 的值，并写出该函数的对称中心的坐标. （2）用五点法作出函数在 上的图象.21．已知某海滨浴场海浪的高度 （米）是时间 的（ ，单位：小时）函数，记作 ，下表是某日各时的浪高数据：经长期观察， 的曲线，可以近似地看成函 的图象． （1）根据以上数据，求出函数 近似表达式；（2）依据规定，当海浪高度高于 米时才对冲浪爱好者开放，请依据（1）的结论，判断一天内的上午 时至晚上 时之间，有多少时间可供冲浪者进行运动？22．已知过原点的动直线与圆相交于不同的两点，．（1）求线段的中点的轨迹的方程；（2）是否存在实数，使得直线与曲线只有一个交点？若存在，求出的取值范围；若不存在，说明理由．2018-2019学年广东省中山市第一中学高一下学期第一次段考（4月）数学 答 案1．B 【解析】解：因为点在第三象限，因此则有 利用三角函数的符号可知，角 所在的象限是第二象限 2．C【解析】因()()4,56,1A B ---、的中点为()1,3C -，半径r ==，故应选答案C 。

中山一中2018年高三入门考试试题语文第Ⅰ卷阅读题一、现代文阅读（35分）（一）论述类文本阅读（9分，每小题3分）阅读下面的文字，完成1～3题。

如果诗可以看作一切艺术的核心，那么诗歌的兴衰，可以说明艺术在一个时代的一般命运。

在以往的时代，无论东方还是西方，诗人都拥有崇高的地位，甚至被喻为“无冕之王”，尤其是古代中国，简直就是一个诗的国度，诗歌则被赋予了“动天地而泣鬼神”、“和四时而育万物”的力量。

现在，无论是西方还是东方，不但诗歌已经被远远地边缘化，文学也已经被宣告即将终结。

以往时代的文学艺术之所以具有恢弘的力量，那是因为它是与天地宇宙共生一体的。

用舍勒的话说：诗人是“最深切地根植于地球和自然的幽深处的人，产生所有自然现象的‘原生的自然’中的人。

”文学的力量亦即人的精神力量，原来是植根于天地自然之中的。

所以，当天地自然蒙受贬抑、伤害、羞辱、遗弃的时候，文学艺术也就失去了它的根本，也就必然衰败枯萎下来。

现代工业社会已经剥夺了人对自然界的直接体验，使人们远离事物的原生态。

正如同曼德所说：“当我们居住于城市中，人与地球的直接体验就无从谈起了。

事实上，所有的体验可以说都是间接的。

……所有植被也被人类的思维所局限、被人类按其品味任意改变；野生动物消失殆尽、多石地带不见了踪影、花开花落的反复循环也不复存在。

甚至连昼夜也无区分。

”这样的生活现实，无论是对于诗歌的创造者还是鉴赏者，都是要命的，因为诗歌已经失去了它的生命之根。

也有人把信息时代的电子艺术、数码艺术看作艺术工程的重建。

曼德则认为重建的已经不是艺术，起码已经不是原来的在我们自己的生命之中生根发芽的文学艺术。

在语言已经严重蜕变的时代，诗人还能有什么回天之力呢？在语言干涸的泥潭中，写诗注定要变得越来越艰难，即使真有不甘失败的诗人，最好的结局恐怕只能是与这个时代的语言同归于尽。

文学艺术遭遇到的，实际上也是一场生态灾难。

而文学批评本该对身陷艰难时世中的文学艺术伸出援手，遗憾的是无论西方东方，文学批评这次全都显得异常麻木迟钝。

中山市高一下学期语文第一次月考试卷姓名:________ 班级:________ 成绩:________一、选择题 (共1题；共6分)1. （6分） (2019高一上·汕头期中) 阅读下面的文字，完成下面小题。

当一种美，美得让我们无所适从时，我们就会意识到自身的局限。

_____________“山阴道上，”之时，我们不就能体验到我们心智的渺小与感官的有限无福消受这天赐的过多福祉吗？读庄子，我们也往往被庄子拨弄得_____________-_，有时只好手之舞之，足之蹈之。

除此，我们还有什么方式来表达我们内心的感动？这位“天仙才子”他幻化无方，意出尘外，鬼话连篇，奇怪迭出。

他总在一些地方吓着我们，而等我们___________，便会发现：呈现在我们面前的，是朝暾夕月，落崖惊风。

（）同时，他永远有着我们不懂的地方，山重水复，柳暗花明；永远有着我们不曾涉及的境界，______________，钻之弥坚。

“造化钟神秀”，造化把何等样的神秀聚焦在这个“槁项黄馘”的哲人身上啊！……庄子是人类最脆弱的心灵，最温柔的心灵，最敏感因而也最易受到伤害的心灵……我们怎能不悚然面对，肃然起敬，油然生爱？（1）依次填入文中横线上的成语，全都恰当的一项是（）A . 应接不暇无所适从惊魂甫定高山仰止B . 目不暇接手足无措惊魂甫定仰之弥高C . 应接不暇无所适从惊魂不定仰之弥高D . 目不暇接手足无措惊魂不定高山仰止（2）文中画横线的句子有语病，下列修改最恰当的一项是（）A . 不就能体验到我们感官的有限与我们渺小的心智无福感受这天赐的过多福祉吗？B . 我们不就能发现到我们渺小的心智与感官的有限无福承受这天赐的过多福祉吗？C . 不就能发现到我们渺小的心智与我们有限的感官无福接受这天赐的过多福祉吗？D . 我们不就能体验到我们渺小的心智与有限的感官无福消受这天赐的过多福祉吗？（3）下列在文中括号内补写的语句，最恰当的一项是（）A . 我们的视界为之一扫，我们的俗情为之一开。

中山市第一中学2018—2019学年度第二学期高一级第一次段考语文试题阅读下面的文字，完成小题。

马克思说：“人双重地存在着：从主体上说作为他自身而存在着，从客体上说又存在于自己生存的这些自然无机条件之中。

”这就是说，人是双重生命的存在。

一方面，“人直接地是自然物”，存在于自然之中。

作为一种自然存在，隶属自然的本性规定了人如其他自然存在物一样，受自然必然性的支配。

这是人存在的客观方面、物质方面。

另一方面，“人不仅仅是自然存在物”，而且是“自为地存在着的存在物”。

作为一种自为存在，人的活动总是灌注着一种内在的渴望、憧憬，即要求在创造性活动中，通过自我意识，把自身从自在的自然世界中提升出来。

这是人的存在的主观方面、精神方面。

客观方面与主观方面、物质方面与精神方面的共在、共存，人才能成为有生命创造的人。

梁漱溟的“人禽之辨，前者形为心役，后者心为形役而已”的议题，同样也暗含着对人的两重性存在的肯定。

“形为心役”，一方面肯定了“心”这种精神内驱力在人的存在中的重要地位和作用；另一方面也表明，“形”与“心”、物质存在与精神存在，不是分裂的，而是相互依存、同生共存的。

正是因为两重生命的共在，人才能在生产自身、满足肉体物质需要的同时，追求和创造自身价值与意义，从而形成人独有的身心不二、体魂合一的存在方式。

但进一步看，人的两重化生命存在对人的意义并非等量齐观。

帕斯卡说，人只不过是一根苇草，是自然界最脆弱的东西；但是他是一根能思想的苇草。

我们的全部尊严就在于思想，思想不是外在的而是内在的。

在内在的精神世界中，寻找自己、认识自己，进而过有意义的生活，这才是人之为人的独特性。

赫舍尔直言：“人的存在从来就不是纯粹的存在；他总是牵涉到意义。

意义的向度是人所固有的。

”面对现代人的沉溺于物欲，皮兰德洛的“我为什么不是我自己？”以反问句式和更强烈的指向，说明了精神生命、意义生命是人的生命的重要内容。

诸多论述共同表明，能将人和一般动物区分开来的，不是人的存在的容观方面、物质方面，而是人的主观方面、精神方面，其中，对意义的追问和对真善美的向往，是人独有的内容。

广东省中山市第一中学2018-2019 学年高一语文放学期第二次（ 5 月）段考试题一、现代文阅读 (33 分 )（一）阐述类文本阅读（此题共3小题， 9分）阅读下边的文字，达成 1～ 3 题。

相对来说，宋朝文化环境比较宽松，士人集体活跃，“张口揽时势，论议争煌煌”，正是在这样相对开通、宽松的环境下，宋朝社会充满活力，大师、精英辈出，由这类开放氛围孕育出一种创始精神。

葛兆光先生曾说，唐文化是“古典文化的巔峰”，而宋文化则是“近代文化的滥觞”。

这二者的差别，简单来归纳，就是出现了“老百姓化、世俗化、人文化”的趋向。

比较唐宋两代国都，能直观感觉到两类都市格局和它所呈现的不一样气象。

唐朝长安城的布局特别严整，而宋朝开封相对来说商业氛围比较浓厚。

唐朝居民住所区基本上是坊式构造，“坊”在某种意义上靠近于关闭的小区。

而宋朝城市构造，基本是一种长巷式、街区式的布局，是一种开敞式的氛围，南宋国都临安也是这样。

两宋期间，文学重心渐渐下移，文学体裁从诗文扩大到词曲、话本小说，与街市有了更亲密的关系；创作主体从士族文人扩大到庶族文人以致街市文人；文学的接受者扩大到市民以及社会大众。

当时都市的街头巷尾，活跃着一些讲史，说书的艺人，他们不单是故事情节的传播者，也是文学作品的丰富者、参加创立者。

而生活在街市中的一般公众，也成为文学艺术的直接赏识者和接受者。

在道路通衢、瓦肆勾栏，有杂耍的、说书的、讲史的，也有街头的喝茶活动，这些都是市民文化勃兴的重要标记。

经过念书、科举、仕宦、创作、教课、游赏等活动，宋朝的文人士医生结成了多种种类、不一样层次的交游圈，像真率会、老乡会、同年会等各种各种的聚会形式，层见迭出。

有时，“耆老六七人，时相与会于城中之名园古寺，且为之约，果实可是三品，肴馔可是五品，酒则无算。

认为俭则易供，简则易继。

命之曰‘真率会’”。

都市中的茶馆、酒坊，成为文人交往、汇聚的场所。

一些个人的花园、亭馆也成了士人交游探友的去向。

2018-2019学年度第二学期高一级第一次月考语文试题本试卷共4面，22题，满分150分。

考试用时150分钟。

注意事项：1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。

答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名和考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卡上，并用2B铅笔在答题卡的相应位置填涂考生号。

2．作答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。

写在本试卷上无效。

3．第Ⅱ卷必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。

不按以上要求作答无效。

第I卷（阅读题，共70分）一、现代文阅读（36分）（一）论述类文本阅读（本题共3小题，9分）阅读下面的文字，完成1～3小题。

网络文学是直面读者的文学，所写的内容与读者的生活紧密相关，优秀的网络文学作品接地气、树正气、有情趣，它往往能拨动读者的情感之弦，帮助读者树立正确的价值观，激发读者的内在潜能，激起读者追求幸福生活的勇气。

表面上看，那些玄幻、穿越、架空历史等类型的网络小说所构筑的想象世界似乎离现实生活很远，但它离读者的情感其实很近。

它通过奇遇、金手指、开挂等途径让主人公由“废柴”变成可以“逆天”的世间强者，在这个过程中主人公会经历各种磨难，但会凭借过人的智慧、坚强的毅力和顽强的意志闯过一道道关，其中还会有友情、爱情等方面的故事，涉及团队精神、家国情怀、人生境界等精神层面的问题。

这样的故事给读者的精神影响是积极正面的，它给读者以梦想，也强化了幸福都掌握在自己手中的道理，帮助那些渐渐长大的青少年读者逐渐获得独立意识并找到自我。

在那些直面现实的作品中，很多作者都现身说法，以自己为原型来写作，将自己的生活经验写进小说，让读者获得参与感，并从中获得生活的经验。

鲍鲸鲸的《失恋三十三天》、李可的《杜拉拉升职记》、曼陀罗天使的《七年之痒》等网络小说以切近现实生活的笔触，和读者一起面对生活难题，作者用生活智慧教会读者如何经营情感、事业、家庭，如何面对阶段性的人生困境，如何活得更精彩。

2018-2019学年广东省中山市第一中学高一下学期第一次段考（4月） 英 语 注意事项： 1．答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。

2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。

3．非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。

写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。

4．考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。

第I 卷（选择题） 一、阅读理解 Fantastic Fall Festivals You Won't Want to Miss Seymour Apple Festival Admission to the Seymour Apple Festival is free and so is the entertainment! More than 15,000 people from all over the region come out to take part in the activities, ranging from drawings, vendor booths, food, apple contests, bike-decorating contests, and more. Marionville Apple Festival The popular Marionville Apple Festival is home to countless activities and events. The carnival, pony rides, and games will keep the kids busy, while adults will enjoy watching the pie-eating contest and browsing dozens of craft vendor booths. Humansville Fall Festival The Humansville Fall Festival may be hosted by a small town, but that doesn't mean it's lacking big fun. Perfect for all ages, this fall festival is celebrating its 70th year and will provide three full days of fun. This year's festival will feature live music from fantastic local musicians, which will definitely make it different from the ones in other years. You'll also find fun carnival rides, talented artisans selling their goods, and an amazing parade to wrap up the event on Saturday. Southside Fall FestivalThe Southside Fall Festival is perfect for family celebrations, with an alcohol-free environment and free admission. Enjoy a colorful parade and float contest, delicious food vendors, live music, karaoke, and more.Fall Into Arts Festival Make sure to bring the kids along for this festival that celebrates all things creative. The Fall Into Arts Festival features a host of kid-friendly activities like a lego build, sand art, bubble stations, chalk the sidewalk, a jump house, and more. Parents will have plenty to do as well, with an excellent variety of artists, festival food, a mini film festival, and much more., 1．Which festivals are free of charge? A ．Southside Fall Festival and Fall Into Arts Festival B ．Seymour Apple Festival and Southside Fall Festival, C ．Humansville Fall Festival and Fall Into Arts Festival D ．Seymour Apple Festival and Marionville Apple Festival. 2．What makes Humansville Fall Festival special this year? A ．Fun activities on Saturday. B ．The duration of the festival. C ．The area of the hosting town. D ．Musicians' live performance. 3．Fall Into Arts Festival is specially welcomed by . A ．movie lovers B ．modern artists C ．visitors of all ages D ．families with kids The plan ：turn the Mars into a blue world with streams and green fields, and then fill it with creatures from the earth. This idea may sound like something from science fiction, but it is actually being taken seriously by many researchers. This suggests the future for the “red planet” will be the main topic for discussion at an international conference hosted by NASA this week. Leading researchers as well as science fiction writers will attend the event. It comes as NASA is preparing a multi-billion-dollar Mars research programme. “Turning the Mars into a little earth has long been a topic in science fiction ，”said Dr. Michael Meyer, NASA's senior scientist. “Now, with scientists exploring the reality, we can ask what are the real possibilities of changing the Mars.” Most scientists agree that the Mars could be turned into a little earth, although much time and money would be needed to achieve this goal. But many experts are shocked by the idea. “We are destroying our own world at an unbelievable speed and now we are talking about ruining 此卷只装订不密封班级姓名准考证号考场号座位号another planet，” said Paul Murdin from the Institute of Astronomy, Cambri dge, UK.Over the past months, scientists have become increasingly confident they will find Martian life forms. Europe and America's robot explorers have found the proof that water, mixed with soil, exists in large amounts on the planet.In addition, two different groups of scientists announced on March 28 that they had found signs of methane (甲烷) in the Martian atmosphere; the gas is a waste product of living creatures and could be produced by microbes (微生物) living in the red planet's soil.But scientists such as Dr. Lisa Pratt, a biologist at Indiana University, say that these microbes will be put in danger by the little earth project.“Before we have even discovered if there is life on the Mars, we are talking about carrying out projects that would destroy all these native life forms, all the strange microbes that we hope to find buried in the soil，” said Dr. Pratt.Monica Grady, a planetary scientist at the Natural History Museum, London, shares this view. “We cannot risk starting a global experiment that would wipe out the precious information we are looking for，” she said. “This is just wrong.”4．The passage is about ________.A．a plan turning the Mars into a little earthB．the necessity of changing the MarsC．finding water on the MarsD．the Mars supporting life5．Why is Dr. Lisa Pratt against the plan?A．Water has been found on the Mars.B．It will cost too much money and work.C．The native life forms on the Mars would be destroyed.D．The earth is being destroyed at an unbelievable speed.6．What could prove the existence of microbes living in the Mars' soil?A．Liquid water on the Mars.B．Some creatures on the Mars.C．A lot of good soil on the Mars.D．Signs of methane in the Mars' atmosphere.7．We can infer from the passage that ________.A．water is a key factor for life; without it, living on the Mars would be impossible B．the project won't affect the native life forms supposed to live on the MarsC．the idea turning the Mars into a little earth is nothing but science fictionD．Monica Grady is in favor of carrying out the little earth projectAvi Wortis, known simply as Avi, writes historical novels. Historical novels mix historical facts with story-telling skills. These stories take place in the past. The main characters are not always real；they exist only in stories.Avi decided to become a writer when he was a student in senior high school. This was quite a decision because he did not write well in school. He had a problem called dysgraphia, a writing disability. The problem caused people to spell words wrongly. Avi always enjoyed reading. He read many types of books as a child. Avi believed that reading is the most important activity for a person who wants to be a writer.Avi also believes that strong characters make strong stories. He creates characters that can help to bring his ideas to life. His books often deal with questions about life. Writing stories lets him explore many sides of a subject. His favorite part is to make improvements in his writing. For him the hardest part is writing the first draft (草稿)．Avi's first book was published in 1970.He has since written more than 45 books. Most of them are for young-adult readers. Besides historical novels, he writes comedies (喜剧), short stories about adventures, animals and so on. Fighting Ground，which was published in 1984, is an example of Avi's historical novels. This attractive story takes place during the American Revolutionary War.8．We learn from Paragraph 2________.A．why Avi liked reading B．how Avi became a writerC．how Avi developed characters D．why Avi decided to become a writer9．According to Avi，what's the most difficult thing in writing?A．Writing the first part of a novel.B．Finding an attractive character.C．Making improvement.D．Writing the first draft.10．We learn from the text that Avi________.A．seldom changes his first drafts when writingB．published his first story in 1984C．believes in the importance of good charactersD．thinks reading is not important for writers11．What is the author's purpose in writing the text?A．To introduce a writer of historical novels.B．To show how a historical novel is written.C．To describe an important historical novel.D．To discuss how to become a writer.Be honest, when was the last time you cried? If you’re one of those who say they never cry, the statistics are against you. Women reportedly cry 64 times a year on average, while men shed（流）tears about 17 times. Everyone from professional athletes such as Michael Jordan to politicians like Barack Obama has been caught crying at least once. But why do we cry?Some psychologists believe crying is our body’s response when we’re helpless.Even if we’re surprised by happy news, we may still cry. Other psychologists say that when we cry, we’re trying to get others to help us out when we’re surprised, sad, angry, scared, or in danger.Therapist（临床专家）Judith Kay Nelson says that our experience with crying as babies may determine how we view crying when we’re older. Some parents are quick to try and calm their kids down whenever they start crying. Those children will likely find crying in their adult years brings a similar comfort. On the other h and, those whose parents became angered by their crying probably won’t feel crying has the same calming effect.Many people believe crying can actually make a person feel better. But according to studies, whether it makes us feel better or not depends on t he reactions of others. If others react positively, we’ll feel better. On the contrary, we’ll feel worse.People’s reactions to crying have a lot to do with the gender（性别）of the person weeping. In the West, it’s generally acceptable for women to be seen cr ying. In Britain boys are taught not to cry. Even though people are becoming more enlightened about tears, crying in males is still viewed as a sign of weakness. Philip Hodson, an expert on male emotions, has a different viewpoint. “In truth, crying isn’t weakness; it’s a relaxation system,” he says. “If we don’t use this system, we’re not being very intelligent.” After all, everybody cries.12．What can be learned about the act of crying from the statistics?A．Everyone, regardless of sex, cries.B．Some people never cry.C．Women often cry for no reason at all.D．Men actually cry more than women.13．Which is the opinion of therapist Judith Kay Nelson?A．The act of crying has a calming effect on all of us. B．Parents shouldn’t rush to calm their baby when it cries.C．The way we view crying is shaped by our childhood experience.D．Parents’ responses to a crying baby will determine its personality ty pe.14．What is said about crying making a person feel better?A．It is completely false.B．It is dependent on a person’s age.C．It is true only for men.D．It is influenced by others’ responses.15．What can we infer about Western cultures from the last paragraph?A．Only intelligent people can relax by crying.B．Crying is still less socially acceptable for males than females.C．Males are now encouraged to express their emotions through crying.D．British people consider it unhealthy to keep feelings bottled up inside.二、七选五Do you want to be at the top of your class? Add these tips to your life and you should be on your way to being a top student!16．I cannot stress how important it is to pay attention to what your teacher is teaching you. Take part in class discussions if you have something worthwhile to add. Pay attention during class, especially during lectures.Taking notes is important. You don't need to write down every single word your teacher says but write down what he/she writes on the board, or any special fact you think you might need for a test. 17．This way it will help you learn more effectively by actually thinking about what you are writing.Don't skip school. You will be missing out on stuff. 18．However, you will have more work and you have missed lectures and in-class movies. Also, try not to be late for class. It's most likely that your teacher won't appreciate it and you will get yourself behind.19．If you have an "I don't care about school or this class" attitude, then teachers will be less willing to help you with problems or offer you extra credit. The same goes for lazy attitude. Have a respectful attitude to the teacher and other students. Try not to laugh when other students make a mistake.Always ask questions. 20．If you don't understand, ask someone. Read your textbook and notes, and then if that fails, seek help. Ask a teacher, friend, classmate, parent, etc. Get a tutor if you need one.A．There is no shame in needing some help.B．Staying organized will be helpful.C．Be prepared.D．Pay attention to everything the teacher says.E. Write in your own words.F. Keep a good attitude towards things.G. It is true that you could make up the work.三、完形填空I used to hate running for I was always the last student to cross the finishing line. Then, in 2012, my friend asked me to 21 10 K event with him. “No way! I hate running”,I 22 reacted.Over the weekend I thought about his 23 . I thought, “Why do I hate running when I haven’t tried it since Year 7 in primary school?” 24 , I decided I should give running a 25 , telling my friendI would like to. He was 26 and advised me to look on the Internet for a running program to help me27 how to run.There were lots of running programs on the 28 . I chose a 14-week running program that would 29 me how to run for 30 minutes non-stop. I found it very easy to 30 the program, with exact 31 on what to do each week. I enjoy following the program as I could see 32 in my running each week. I went from not knowing what to do each week. I went from not being able to run for more than 30 minutes to running for over 30 minutes! My younger self would not have 33 it. I went from hating running to loving running!On the day of the 10 K running event I was both 34 and nervous. It was finally time to 35 my new skills into practice. My friends and family came to 36 me. It was lovely to have them there. With their support and my training, I 37 to finish the 10 K in 72 minutes, it was tough 38 I felt very proud for having tried it.From this experience I learnt it was a good idea to try something before saying I hated it!It39 that I really enjoy running. I went on to do another 10 K, an 8 K, an 8K and a half marathon. To this day I still enjoy running 40 I do not do it very often.21．A．run B．jump C．walk D．hurry22．A．sadly B．immediately C．rudely D．happily 23．A．meaning B．words C．request D．suggestion 24．A．Firstly B．Besides C．However D．Finally25．A．chance B．hand C．decision D．try26．A．confident B．sad C．pleased D．surprised27．A．realize B．learn C．fail D．win 28．A．event B．movie C．school D．Internet29．A．notice B．announce C．teach D．order30．A．follow B．get C．download D．save 31．A．instructions B．conversations C．requirements D．agreements 32．A．directions B．improvements C．development D．advantage 33．A．thought B．concerned C．believed D．hated34．A．upset B．proud C．worried D．excited35．A．take B．turn C．change D．put36．A．watch B．congratulate C．support D．help37．A．meant B．managed C．dreamt D．afforded38．A．but B．and C．or D．so39．A．took out B．turned out C．worked out D．made out40．A．even if B．because C．as if D．since第II卷（非选择题)四、选用适当的单词或短语补全句子根据所给10个英语单句的意思，从所给的15个词汇中挑选出10个合适的词或短语分别给每个句子填空。

广东省中山市第一中学2017-2018学年高一语文上学期第一次段考试题（含解析）一、（共10题，每小题 3分，共 30分）1. 下列文学常识表述有误的一组是（）A. 《诗经》是我国最早的一部诗歌总集，现存诗305篇。

在内容上分为风、雅、颂；从手法上分有赋、比、兴，合称为“六义”。

B. “总角”,古代男女未成年时把头发扎成丫髻，一般指少年时代。

“结发”指成婚，古代有新人成婚时行并坐束发合髻之礼。

C. 毛泽东诗句“唐宗宋祖稍逊风骚”中的“风骚” 是“文采、才情”之意。

其实它分别源于《诗经》中的“国风”，《楚辞》中的“离骚”，并称为“风骚” ；“风、骚”还是中国诗歌史上现实主义和浪漫主义两大优良传统的源头。

D. 《孔雀东南飞》是我国古代保存下来最早的长篇抒情诗，《离骚》是战国时楚国爱国诗人屈原所作，它是我国古代最早的长篇叙事诗。

【答案】D【解析】试题分析：D 抒情诗和叙事诗反了。

点睛：文学常识浩如烟海，而且因为以前没有把它列入考试范围，考生并没有多少有意识的积累，现在它“不期而遇”，考生不应茫然无措，而应从以下几方面进行备考：1．粗读原著，加深记忆。

由于时间紧，内容多，在备考时考生往往只凭一些简单的复习资料来识记，其结果，往往是基础薄弱，识记模糊，答题时会“关公战秦琼”，张冠李戴。

正确的做法应该是在珍惜时间的原则下，粗略读读原著，或读读作品梗概，对作品中的人物关系及主要内容稍作了解，这样有助于加深记忆。

2．以课本为着力点，向课外拓展。

作为恢复该考点的第一年，想必不会太难，肯定会以课本内容为主。

因此，考生要重视梳理课本“重要”作家作品及文学体裁常识，对单元知识短文及课本后的附录，如《中国文学的鉴赏》《20世纪中国文学概述》《古代小说鉴赏》《现当代戏剧鉴赏》《中国古代文学概述》《鲁迅的生平和创作》《唐诗简介》等等绝不能等闲视之。

在熟悉课本上的文学常识后以“重要”为标准，适当向课外拓展。

3．构建文络。

要从诗歌、小说、散文、戏剧这四大文学体裁方面，从不同时代、不同国度中分别找出最能代表该时期（或国度）最有影响的作家作品构建网络。

中山一中高一级2010-2011学年第二学期第一次段考语文科试卷本试卷共8页，21小题，满分150分，考试时间150分钟。

一、本大题4小题，每小题3分，共12分。

1、下列加点字的注音全都不正确的一项是：（）A 褶．皱（zhē）坟茔．（yíng）崔嵬．（wěi）一幢．楼房（zhuàng）B 叱咤．（chà）牝牡．（pìn）红绡．（xiāo）翘．首以待（qiào）C 脖颈．（gěng）啮．齿（niè）凝噎．（yē）拾．级而上（shè）D 慰藉．（jí）干涸．（hè）纶．巾（lún）粲．然一笑（chàn）2、下列加点的熟语使用正确的一项是：（）A 目前世界各地频繁发生干旱、洪涝、地震等自然灾害，给各国带来了无法估量的损失。

但我们相信，只要人们坚强面对，最终会否极泰来．．．．的。

B 经过他的努力撮合，这对离婚已半年之久的夫妇重新走到了一起。

大家对他这种成人之美、和稀泥．．．的做法表示由衷的赞叹。

C 一位现场观众有幸获得与周杰伦同台演唱的机会，她虽然缺少专业训练，音质还不够甜美，但却大胆热情，也算珠圆玉润．．．．。

D 在主题班会课上，多亏主持人抛砖引玉．．．．的一番话，大家发言的气氛才逐渐踊跃热闹起来。

3、下列句子中，没有语病的一项是：（）A 记者来到卧龙镇人民政府南侧的中国大熊猫博物馆前，只见这座被称为“中国唯一大熊猫博物馆”坐落在风景秀丽的山下，周围流水淙淙，绿树成荫。

B 为了防止这类小煤窑的安全事故不再发生，市里采取了相应措施，加强了对小煤窑的管理。

C 选美赛场里，活跃着一群“星探”，他们肩负着为一些知名的服装模特公司从参赛选手中挑选签约模特的任务。

D 在新课改活动中，许多学校围绕以提高教学质量为中心，进行了一系列课改活动，全面提高了教师课改的认识和技能。

4．把下列几个句子组成上下衔接、语意连贯的一段话，最恰当的一组是：（）秋季的气候是处于“阳消阴长”的过渡阶段。

2018-2019学年广东省中山市第一中学高一下学期第一次段考（4月） 英 语 注意事项： 1．答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。

2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。

3．非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。

写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。

4．考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。

第I 卷（选择题） 一、阅读理解 Fantastic Fall Festivals You Won't Want to Miss Seymour Apple Festival Admission to the Seymour Apple Festival is free and so is the entertainment! More than 15,000 people from all over the region come out to take part in the activities, ranging from drawings, vendor booths, food, apple contests, bike-decorating contests, and more. Marionville Apple Festival The popular Marionville Apple Festival is home to countless activities and events. The carnival, pony rides, and games will keep the kids busy, while adults will enjoy watching the pie-eating contest and browsing dozens of craft vendor booths. Humansville Fall Festival The Humansville Fall Festival may be hosted by a small town, but that doesn't mean it's lacking big fun. Perfect for all ages, this fall festival is celebrating its 70th year and will provide three full days of fun. This year's festival will feature live music from fantastic local musicians, which will definitely make it different from the ones in other years. You'll also find fun carnival rides, talented artisans selling their goods, and an amazing parade to wrap up the event on Saturday. Southside Fall FestivalThe Southside Fall Festival is perfect for family celebrations, with an alcohol-free environment and free admission. Enjoy a colorful parade and float contest, delicious food vendors, live music, karaoke, and more.Fall Into Arts Festival Make sure to bring the kids along for this festival that celebrates all things creative. The Fall Into Arts Festival features a host of kid-friendly activities like a lego build, sand art, bubble stations, chalk the sidewalk, a jump house, and more. Parents will have plenty to do as well, with an excellent variety of artists, festival food, a mini film festival, and much more., 1．Which festivals are free of charge? A ．Southside Fall Festival and Fall Into Arts Festival B ．Seymour Apple Festival and Southside Fall Festival, C ．Humansville Fall Festival and Fall Into Arts Festival D ．Seymour Apple Festival and Marionville Apple Festival. 2．What makes Humansville Fall Festival special this year? A ．Fun activities on Saturday. B ．The duration of the festival. C ．The area of the hosting town. D ．Musicians' live performance. 3．Fall Into Arts Festival is specially welcomed by . A ．movie lovers B ．modern artists C ．visitors of all ages D ．families with kids The plan ：turn the Mars into a blue world with streams and green fields, and then fill it with creatures from the earth. This idea may sound like something from science fiction, but it is actually being taken seriously by many researchers. This suggests the future for the “red planet” will be the main topic for discussion at an international conference hosted by NASA this week. Leading researchers as well as science fiction writers will attend the event. It comes as NASA is preparing a multi-billion-dollar Mars research programme. “Turning the Mars into a little earth has long been a topic in science fiction ，”said Dr. Michael Meyer, NASA's senior scientist. “Now, with scientists exploring the reality, we can ask what are the real possibilities of changing the Mars.” Most scientists agree that the Mars could be turned into a little earth, although much time and money would be needed to achieve this goal. But many experts are shocked by the idea. “We are destroying our own world at an unbelievable speed and now we are talking about ruining 此卷只装订不密封班级姓名准考证号考场号座位号another planet，” said Paul Murdin from the Institute of Astronomy, Cambri dge, UK.Over the past months, scientists have become increasingly confident they will find Martian life forms. Europe and America's robot explorers have found the proof that water, mixed with soil, exists in large amounts on the planet.In addition, two different groups of scientists announced on March 28 that they had found signs of methane (甲烷) in the Martian atmosphere; the gas is a waste product of living creatures and could be produced by microbes (微生物) living in the red planet's soil.But scientists such as Dr. Lisa Pratt, a biologist at Indiana University, say that these microbes will be put in danger by the little earth project.“Before we have even discovered if there is life on the Mars, we are talking about carrying out projects that would destroy all these native life forms, all the strange microbes that we hope to find buried in the soil，” said Dr. Pratt.Monica Grady, a planetary scientist at the Natural History Museum, London, shares this view. “We cannot risk starting a global experiment that would wipe out the precious information we are looking for，” she said. “This is just wrong.”4．The passage is about ________.A．a plan turning the Mars into a little earthB．the necessity of changing the MarsC．finding water on the MarsD．the Mars supporting life5．Why is Dr. Lisa Pratt against the plan?A．Water has been found on the Mars.B．It will cost too much money and work.C．The native life forms on the Mars would be destroyed.D．The earth is being destroyed at an unbelievable speed.6．What could prove the existence of microbes living in the Mars' soil?A．Liquid water on the Mars.B．Some creatures on the Mars.C．A lot of good soil on the Mars.D．Signs of methane in the Mars' atmosphere.7．We can infer from the passage that ________.A．water is a key factor for life; without it, living on the Mars would be impossible B．the project won't affect the native life forms supposed to live on the MarsC．the idea turning the Mars into a little earth is nothing but science fictionD．Monica Grady is in favor of carrying out the little earth projectAvi Wortis, known simply as Avi, writes historical novels. Historical novels mix historical facts with story-telling skills. These stories take place in the past. The main characters are not always real；they exist only in stories.Avi decided to become a writer when he was a student in senior high school. This was quite a decision because he did not write well in school. He had a problem called dysgraphia, a writing disability. The problem caused people to spell words wrongly. Avi always enjoyed reading. He read many types of books as a child. Avi believed that reading is the most important activity for a person who wants to be a writer.Avi also believes that strong characters make strong stories. He creates characters that can help to bring his ideas to life. His books often deal with questions about life. Writing stories lets him explore many sides of a subject. His favorite part is to make improvements in his writing. For him the hardest part is writing the first draft (草稿)．Avi's first book was published in 1970.He has since written more than 45 books. Most of them are for young-adult readers. Besides historical novels, he writes comedies (喜剧), short stories about adventures, animals and so on. Fighting Ground，which was published in 1984, is an example of Avi's historical novels. This attractive story takes place during the American Revolutionary War.8．We learn from Paragraph 2________.A．why Avi liked reading B．how Avi became a writerC．how Avi developed characters D．why Avi decided to become a writer9．According to Avi，what's the most difficult thing in writing?A．Writing the first part of a novel.B．Finding an attractive character.C．Making improvement.D．Writing the first draft.10．We learn from the text that Avi________.A．seldom changes his first drafts when writingB．published his first story in 1984C．believes in the importance of good charactersD．thinks reading is not important for writers11．What is the author's purpose in writing the text?A．To introduce a writer of historical novels.B．To show how a historical novel is written.C．To describe an important historical novel.D．To discuss how to become a writer.Be honest, when was the last time you cried? If you’re one of those who say they never cry, the statistics are against you. Women reportedly cry 64 times a year on average, while men shed（流）tears about 17 times. Everyone from professional athletes such as Michael Jordan to politicians like Barack Obama has been caught crying at least once. But why do we cry?Some psychologists believe crying is our body’s response when we’re helpless.Even if we’re surprised by happy news, we may still cry. Other psychologists say that when we cry, we’re trying to get others to help us out when we’re surprised, sad, angry, scared, or in danger.Therapist（临床专家）Judith Kay Nelson says that our experience with crying as babies may determine how we view crying when we’re older. Some parents are quick to try and calm their kids down whenever they start crying. Those children will likely find crying in their adult years brings a similar comfort. On the other h and, those whose parents became angered by their crying probably won’t feel crying has the same calming effect.Many people believe crying can actually make a person feel better. But according to studies, whether it makes us feel better or not depends on t he reactions of others. If others react positively, we’ll feel better. On the contrary, we’ll feel worse.People’s reactions to crying have a lot to do with the gender（性别）of the person weeping. In the West, it’s generally acceptable for women to be seen cr ying. In Britain boys are taught not to cry. Even though people are becoming more enlightened about tears, crying in males is still viewed as a sign of weakness. Philip Hodson, an expert on male emotions, has a different viewpoint. “In truth, crying isn’t weakness; it’s a relaxation system,” he says. “If we don’t use this system, we’re not being very intelligent.” After all, everybody cries.12．What can be learned about the act of crying from the statistics?A．Everyone, regardless of sex, cries.B．Some people never cry.C．Women often cry for no reason at all.D．Men actually cry more than women.13．Which is the opinion of therapist Judith Kay Nelson?A．The act of crying has a calming effect on all of us. B．Parents shouldn’t rush to calm their baby when it cries.C．The way we view crying is shaped by our childhood experience.D．Parents’ responses to a crying baby will determine its personality ty pe.14．What is said about crying making a person feel better?A．It is completely false.B．It is dependent on a person’s age.C．It is true only for men.D．It is influenced by others’ responses.15．What can we infer about Western cultures from the last paragraph?A．Only intelligent people can relax by crying.B．Crying is still less socially acceptable for males than females.C．Males are now encouraged to express their emotions through crying.D．British people consider it unhealthy to keep feelings bottled up inside.二、七选五Do you want to be at the top of your class? Add these tips to your life and you should be on your way to being a top student!16．I cannot stress how important it is to pay attention to what your teacher is teaching you. Take part in class discussions if you have something worthwhile to add. Pay attention during class, especially during lectures.Taking notes is important. You don't need to write down every single word your teacher says but write down what he/she writes on the board, or any special fact you think you might need for a test. 17．This way it will help you learn more effectively by actually thinking about what you are writing.Don't skip school. You will be missing out on stuff. 18．However, you will have more work and you have missed lectures and in-class movies. Also, try not to be late for class. It's most likely that your teacher won't appreciate it and you will get yourself behind.19．If you have an "I don't care about school or this class" attitude, then teachers will be less willing to help you with problems or offer you extra credit. The same goes for lazy attitude. Have a respectful attitude to the teacher and other students. Try not to laugh when other students make a mistake.Always ask questions. 20．If you don't understand, ask someone. Read your textbook and notes, and then if that fails, seek help. Ask a teacher, friend, classmate, parent, etc. Get a tutor if you need one.A．There is no shame in needing some help.B．Staying organized will be helpful.C．Be prepared.D．Pay attention to everything the teacher says.E. Write in your own words.F. Keep a good attitude towards things.G. It is true that you could make up the work.三、完形填空I used to hate running for I was always the last student to cross the finishing line. Then, in 2012, my friend asked me to 21 10 K event with him. “No way! I hate running”,I 22 reacted.Over the weekend I thought about his 23 . I thought, “Why do I hate running when I haven’t tried it since Year 7 in primary school?” 24 , I decided I should give running a 25 , telling my friendI would like to. He was 26 and advised me to look on the Internet for a running program to help me27 how to run.There were lots of running programs on the 28 . I chose a 14-week running program that would 29 me how to run for 30 minutes non-stop. I found it very easy to 30 the program, with exact 31 on what to do each week. I enjoy following the program as I could see 32 in my running each week. I went from not knowing what to do each week. I went from not being able to run for more than 30 minutes to running for over 30 minutes! My younger self would not have 33 it. I went from hating running to loving running!On the day of the 10 K running event I was both 34 and nervous. It was finally time to 35 my new skills into practice. My friends and family came to 36 me. It was lovely to have them there. With their support and my training, I 37 to finish the 10 K in 72 minutes, it was tough 38 I felt very proud for having tried it.From this experience I learnt it was a good idea to try something before saying I hated it!It39 that I really enjoy running. I went on to do another 10 K, an 8 K, an 8K and a half marathon. To this day I still enjoy running 40 I do not do it very often.21．A．run B．jump C．walk D．hurry22．A．sadly B．immediately C．rudely D．happily 23．A．meaning B．words C．request D．suggestion 24．A．Firstly B．Besides C．However D．Finally25．A．chance B．hand C．decision D．try26．A．confident B．sad C．pleased D．surprised27．A．realize B．learn C．fail D．win 28．A．event B．movie C．school D．Internet29．A．notice B．announce C．teach D．order30．A．follow B．get C．download D．save 31．A．instructions B．conversations C．requirements D．agreements 32．A．directions B．improvements C．development D．advantage 33．A．thought B．concerned C．believed D．hated34．A．upset B．proud C．worried D．excited35．A．take B．turn C．change D．put36．A．watch B．congratulate C．support D．help37．A．meant B．managed C．dreamt D．afforded38．A．but B．and C．or D．so39．A．took out B．turned out C．worked out D．made out40．A．even if B．because C．as if D．since第II卷（非选择题)四、选用适当的单词或短语补全句子根据所给10个英语单句的意思，从所给的15个词汇中挑选出10个合适的词或短语分别给每个句子填空。