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(完整)初中英语语法——现在完成时

(完整)初中英语语法——现在完成时
(完整)初中英语语法——现在完成时

初中英语语法——现在完成时现在完成时表示目前为止已经完成的动作或存在的状态。现在完成时时一种发生于过去,着眼于现在的时态;动作发生在过去,而强调点落在对现在的影响上,或描述从过去一直持续到现在的动作或状态。

1.现在完成时谓语动词的结构形式

(1)现在完成时谓语动词的结构形式:助动词have/has+过去分词。has用于主语为第三人称单数的句子中国,其他各人称用have。如:

I have lived Wuhan for years.

She has finished her homework already.

(2)现在完成时一般疑问句、否定句、特殊疑问句结构及一般疑问句的答语:

*一般疑问句为:将have/has在句子开头,且首字母要大写,句末用问号。

*肯定回答为:Yes,+主语的相应代词+have或has;

*否定回答为:No,+主语的相应代词+haven't或hasn’t;

*否定句为:在have,has后加not+过去分词。Have和has可以和not缩写为haven't,hasn't。

*特殊疑问句为:特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+过去分词+......?如:

—Have you read the article in today's newspaper?(一般疑问句)

—Yes,I have./No,I haven’t.(肯定、否定回答)

—Have your mother finish cooking ?(一般疑问句)

—Yes,she has./No,she hasn’t.(肯定、否定回答)

They haven’t written to their parents.(否定句)

Where have you been all this afternoon?(特殊疑问句)

2.现在完成时的用法

(1)现在完成时表示目前为止已经完成的动作,常与just,already,yet,ever,never,recently,before,twice,three times等时间状语连用。这种用法的特点在于动作发生在过去,而强调的是目前的结果或状态。如:

I have seen the film already.

Have you seen my bag?

He has bought a new car recently?

I haven’t heard from Jane lately.

(2)现在完成时还用于表示过去开始,一直持续到现在的动作或状态,常与for,since引起的时间或how long连用。如:

I have collected coins for many years.

George has been in business since he finished college.

I have studied English since 2005.

How long have you stayed in the city?

(3)部分相互替代的非延续性动词和延续性动词。

3.have gone to与have been to的区别

*“have gone to+某地”,意为“某人到某地去了”,指某人可能在去某地的路上,或者已到达某地,也许在返回途中,总之,某人已不在说话地点。如:

Ha has gone to Beijing.(他不在这里了)

He has gone to Hong Kong.(他现在已不在本地)

*“have been to+某地”,意为“某人曾经去过某地”。指某人以前去过,现在不在那里。如:

Has has been to Beijing.(现在他已回来了)

Have you been to Hong Kong?(现在已不在香港)

4.现在完成时与一般过去时的区别

*一般过去时所表示的事情纯属过去,与现在情况没有关系,现在完成时所表示的事情与现在情况有关系,是过去发生的事情对现在产生的结果或现在的影响,或一直持续着。如:Did you go to Canada last year?(表示去年发生的行为)

Have you been to Canada?(问现在的情况,即你对那里了解多少)

*现在完成时表示过去某时发生的动作,其结果影响或持续到现在。如:

I have learned the lesson by heart.(我现在可以背诵了)

I have lost my watch.(我现在仍然没有表)

=I lost my watch and I have no watch now.

He bought a house ten years ago.(现在是否还拥有那栋房子就说不定了)

He has bought a house.(到说话的时候他仍然拥有那栋房子)

英语过去完成时练习全集及解析

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高考英语过去完成时及其解题技巧及练习题(含答案)

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初中现在完成时练习题及答案

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(英语)英语过去完成时练习全集

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高三英语过去完成时专题训练答案及解析

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英语动词现在完成时中的用法梳理

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初中现在完成时态讲解带练习知识讲解

初中现在完成时态讲 解带练习

一.现在完成时的含义及用法 1.现在完成时表示过去发生的动作,并对现在有影响。 2.现在完成时表示从过去一直持续到现在的动作或状态。 现在完成时的基本句型: 肯定式: 主语 + 助动词have/has + 动词的过去分词. 否定式: 主语 + 助动词have/has + not + 动词的过去分词. 疑问式: 助动词Have/Has + 主语 + 动词的过去分词? 用法①现在完成时表示过去发生的动作,并对现在有影响。 Someone has broken the window. (窗户现在是坏的) I have already lost the key. (我现在没有钥匙) I haven’t read that book yet . (不了解书的内容) I have just cleaned my hands. (手是干净的) 此时,现在完成时常与already(已经), yet(已经), just(刚刚),ever(曾经)等词连用,通常放在助动词之后,过去分词之前。 already: 常用于肯定句中. yet: 用于否定句,翻译为还没。疑问句尾.翻译为已经 1.你已经找到你的书了吗? 2.他们在这个城市建了许多房子. 3.Judy还没到达.

4.你吃过早饭了吗? 用法② 现在完成时表示从过去一直持续到现在的动作或状态。 She has learned English for 5 years. He has lived in Beijing since ( 自从)he was born . Have you stayed here since ( 自从) 3 o’clock? for+ 时间段 since+时间点 , since+ 句子 ①Mr. Brown has had his TV _____15 years. ②I’ve taken driving lessons _______last month. ③My sister has had her cell phone _____a month . ④My friends haven’t visited me _______ my birthday. ⑤We haven’t used our car _____a long ti me . ⑥She hasn’t had a good cup of coffee ____ years. ⑦Tom has worn glasses _______he was 7 years old. 二.have been 与have gone 的用法比较 have been to “到过,去过”,表示曾经到过某处,但现在人不在那儿。 have gone to“去了”,表示已经去了某地,现在人可能在去的途中或已在那儿了。 have been in“呆在某处一段时间了” 三.实义动词分为: 瞬间动词、延续动词

英语过去完成时的用法总结

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一般说来,各种时态都有特定的时间状语。与过去完成时连用的时间状语有: (1 ) by + 过去的时间点。如: I had finished reading the novel by nine oclock last night、 (2 ) by the end of + 过去的时间点。如: We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term、 (3 ) before + 过去的时间点。如: They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday、 2、由“过去的过去”来判定。 过去完成时表示“过去的过去”,是指过去某一动作之前已经发生或完成的动作,即动作有先后关系,动作在前的用过去完成时,在后的用一般过去时。这种用法常出现在: (1 )宾语从句中 当宾语从句的主句为一般过去时,且从句的动作先于主句的动作时,从句要用过去完成时。在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。如: She said that she had seen the film before、 (2 )状语从句中

高考英语过去完成时真题汇编(含答案)含解析

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